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Soybean in Indonesia mostly planted during late dry season after rice harvested in rainfed land resulting in crop failure due to drought. The effect of drought in some areas becomes more severe due to climate change. This paper discusses the breeding and development of soybean varieties tolerant to drought to anticipate the effect of climate change in Indonesia. Breeding program at ILETRI has released three drought tolerant soybean varieties during the reproductive phase. Dering 1 variety was derived from a promising line DV/2984-330 which was cross between Davros variety and MLG 2984; Dering 2 variety was derived from a promising line AB-157-41-22 which was a single cross between Baluran variety with Arg/GCP-335 line; and Dering 3 variety was derived from a promising line DM-122-357-17 which a single cross between Dering 1 and Malabar varieties. Dering 1, Dering 2, and Dering 3 varieties showed average grain yield of 2.12, 2.49, and 2.42 t / ha, respectively which was 1.9 - 19.7%, higher than Grobogan variety. These three varieties having a tolerant response to drought could be developed in drought prone areas for sustainable soybean production in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) is planted after rice in dry season II which usually faces yield loss due to drought. The objective of this research was to determine the seed yield stability and adaptability of soybean lines tolerant to drought during the reproductive stage. A total of 15 soybean genotypes consisted of 13 promising lines and 2 check varieties were evaluated in eight locations for seed yield trait and their adaptability during dry season II of 2017. Dering 1 and Grobogan varieties were used as check for drought tolerance and large seed size, respectively. Results of the study showed that 2 out of 13 soybean lines, AB-157-41-22 and DM-122-35-17, had the highest seed yield potential of 3.32 and of 2.99 t/ha, respectively. Average seed yield per ha of the two lines were 2.49 and 2.42 t/ha, respectively, which were higher than Dering 1 as check variety for drought tolerance (each 17.5 and 25.2%). Of the two selected lines, DM-122-35-17 showed stable adaptation across eight environments, while AB-157-41-22 was unstable adaptation. The two check varieties, Dering 1 and Grobogan, were both unstable across eight location with lower seed yield than AB-157-41-22 and DM-122-35-17. Therefore, soybean line DM-122-35-17 could be recommended as new variety possessing drought tolerance, high seed yield, large seed size, and stable in field performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) planted in rainfed land during dry season often experiences crop failure due to drought. The objective of this study was to estimate the tolerant level and genetic advance values of 36 soybean genotypes on agronomic traits tested in drought and optimal irrigated conditions. The field research was conducted in Malang, East Java, Indonesia during late dry season of 2016. The soybean genotypes were tested in two environments, namely optimal condition (irrigation was applied until pods ripening) and drought condition (irrigation was applied until flowering). Results of the study showed that based on the genetic advance value, the number of branches per plant and the number of fertile pods per plant could be used as soybean selection criteria in normal irrigation and drought condition, respectively. In general, the mean of all traits in drought condition were lower than those in normal irrigation condition. Seed yield (t/ha) showed the lowest drought stress tolerant index (STI) (0.72). Based on the drought STI, four soybean lines (TGm-161-25-10, AB-142-40-21, AB-157-41-22, and ARG/GCP) had STI values of 1.0 and above 1.0 which are equivalent to the check drought tolerance variety Dering 1. These soybean lines could be grown in drought-stressed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indonesian government makes a serious effort to increase national soybean supply by stimulating the intensification and expansion of the planting area. The area of state-owned enterprise forest is one of the potential lands for planting soybean. The components of soybean cultivation under the shade of teak of Iletri include the application of bio-fertilizer, organic and compound NPK fertilizers, certified superior varieties, planting spacing arrangement, drainage channels, pests preventive control, and weeding. The study aimed to find out the response of farmers to the introduction of soybean cultivation technology. The result indicated that soybean productivity varied and was strongly influenced by water availability during the growth period. The difference in planting time caused the varies of average soybean productivity. Soybean farming was able to provide benefit to farmers however the low income received caused the low interest of farmers in applying recommendation soybean cultivation techniques. Higher soybean productivity, higher selling price, and clearer market are still highly expected by farmers to encourage their interest. Therefore, the sustainability implementation of recommendation soybean farming, proper planting time, and more intensive assistance on an ongoing basis need to be done in achieving soybean production as much as the potential yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change affects water availability due to uncertainty of rainfall resulting in grain yield reduction due to excessive water of field conditions. This paper describes the availability of soybean varieties that are tolerant to the saturated water condition. Soybean varieties (Deja 1 and Deja 2) were more tolerant to saturated water than varieties Kawi and Grobogan. Under the condition of soil water saturated stress (from 14 days after planting to maturity phase), Deja 1 and Deja 2 had seed yield potential of 2.87 t/ha and 2.75 t/ha, respectively which were 4.7%–27.0% higher than Kawi (2.74 t/ha) and Grobogan (2.26 t/ha). The seed yields productivity of Deja 1 and Deja 2 were 2.39 t/ha and 2.38 t/ha, respectively which were 3.2%–40.6% higher than Kawi (2.32 t/ha) and Grobogan (1.70 t/ha). Deja 1 was resistant to both pod borer and pod-sucking bug pests. Deja 2 was moderately resistant to both pod borer and pod-sucking bug pests. Both varieties were moderately resistant to leaf rust disease. Deja 1 and 2 varieties were considered early maturity (80 days after planting) with 100 seed weights of 12.9 g (moderate seed size) and 14.8 g (large seed size), respectively. Deja 1 and 2 varieties could be recommended to be grown in soybean land areas with saturated water condition occurs especially in the late rainy season. Deja 1 and 2 varieties could be used as parents in soybean breeding programs to improve seed yield, major pest resistance, and tolerance to the saturated water condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]