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2,698 results on '"Sulaiman, M."'

9. Solar Street Lighting Revolution: A Sustainable Approach Enabled by AIoT and Smart Systems

Author

Ahmed, Saadaldeen Rashid, Taha, Taha A., Karim, Sulaiman M., Shah, Pritesh, Hussain, Abadal-Salam T., Itankar, Nilisha, Tawfeq, Jamal Fadhil, Ahmed, Omer K., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Rasheed, Jawad, editor, Abu-Mahfouz, Adnan M., editor, and Fahim, Muhammad, editor

Published
2024
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12. Serological investigation of Coxiella burnetii infection (Query fever) in livestock in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Author

Naser A. Alkenani, Hassan M. Baroom, Adi A. Almohimeed, Salaheldin O. Hassan, Mohammed S. Mohammed, Layla A. Alshehri, S. A. Alshehri, Sulaiman M. Abu Sulayman, Saleh M. Al-Maaqar, and Majed A. Alshaeri

Subjects
coxiella burnetii, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, livestock, saudi arabia, serology, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Background and Aim: Query fever (Q fever) is an endemic zoonotic disease and ruminants are considered to be the primary source of infection in humans. It is caused by Coxiella burnetii which is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen with a worldwide distribution. This study estimated the prevalence of Q fever in livestock with a history of abortion in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Sera from 341 camels, 326 sheep, and 121 goats of either sex from various locations (Makkah, Jeddah, AL-Taif, AL-Qunfudah, AL-Laith, and AL-Kamil) were examined using a Q fever indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among the 788 serum samples, 356 animals had anti-Coxiella burnetii immunoglobulin G antibodies with an overall seroprevalence of 45.4%. Significant differences were observed in seroprevalence between species and locations. Camels had the highest percentage of Q fever-positive sera, with a prevalence of 50.4%, followed by goats (44.6%) and sheep (36.8%), with a high significant difference between animals (p = 0.000). The prevalence was significantly higher in Makkah (65.4%) than in Jeddah (28.8%). Conclusion: C. burnetii infection is prevalent in agricultural animals, especially camels maintained at livestock farms in Makkah province. Therefore, these animals considered as the main source of Q fever infections in Saudi Arabia, which is also a reason for the abortion in these animals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further studies on Q fever infection with interventional approaches for prevention and control.

Published
2024
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13. Evaluation of the efficacy of stem cell therapy in erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy: a comprehensive systematic review

Author

Saad Thamer Alshahrani, Omar Safar, Nazal A Almsaoud, Adel Elatreisy, Ahmed Ibrahim, Sulaiman M Alkhaldi, Abdulhamid M Alkhaldi, Raed Alwadai, Muath Almurayyi, Saeed A Asiri, Abdulaziz M Alqahtani, Abdullah Saleh Alshafi, Saleh Alghamdi, Ahmed Al-Hadi, Basel Hakami, and Meshari A. Alzahrani

Subjects
post-prostatectomy, erectile dysfunction, stem-cell therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Around 68% patients undergoing radical prostatectomy face postoperative erectile dysfunction. This systematic review aims to investigate the studies pertaining to efficacy of stem cell therapy in alleviating erectile dysfunction (ED) of radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Furthermore, it provides evidence-based potential benefits of stem cell therapy in addressing erectile dysfunction of those patients. A systematic literature search from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and clinicaltrial.gov databases was conducted for the clinical trials evaluating efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy in post-prostatectomy erectile dysfunction. The inclusion criteria pertained to the studies reporting pre- and post-outcome erectile function and safety results. Cochrane Robins I was employed for the quality and bias risk. Four studies were finally included. The studies were of high quality as revealed from the quality assessment results. They were the non-randomized human-based clinical trials. Patients follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months. Intercourse satisfaction scores were improved after 6 and 12 months of stem cell therapy. No serious adversities were reported during and after the study period. It was thus a safe therapeutic option as per these results. This study evaluated the role of stem cell therapy in post-RP ED. The included studies depicted its efficacy and safety. The information on stem cell therapy for ED was limited, however it could provide foundation for future research. Large-scale human studies with robust research designs would bring more objectivity and conclusive evidence.

Published
2024
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14. Reforming Science Teacher Education Programs in the STEM Era: International and Comparative Perspectives. Palgrave Studies on Leadership and Learning in Teacher Education

Author

Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M., Martin-Hansen, Lisa, Song, Youngjin, Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M., Martin-Hansen, Lisa, and Song, Youngjin

Abstract

This edited book explores different international practices in reforming science teacher education programs for STEM education. Incorporating case studies in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe, North America and South America, the contributors emphasise the large variety in STEM teacher preparation. Including science-centric versions of STEM programs as well as more integrated models of STEM, this contextual diversity will help readers learn about the design, opportunities, and challenges of STEM teacher preparation in a variety of circumstances, in order to innovate and improve STEM education more broadly.

Published
2023
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16. Attention Drifting Away While Test-Taking: Mind-Wandering in Students with Low- and High-Performance Levels in TIMSS-Like Science Tests

Author

Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M., Al-Harthy, Ibrahim S., and Almehrizi, Rashid S.

Abstract

When individuals' attention shifts away from the primary tasks they are involved in, their minds start to wander. This mental phenomenon, also known as mind-wandering, can interact with other variables and affect the performance of academic tasks. The current study focuses particularly on the mind-wandering (MW) of Omani students while they were taking TIMSS-like science tests and examines the results in relation to their performance levels in the test, their grade level (i.e. age), and the cognitive level of the test items. The participants were 776 Omani students, 342 in Grade 5 and 434 in Grade 9. The tests used were designed to resemble actual TIMSS science tests and are therefore referred to as TIMSS-like science tests. Student MW was measured by the embedding of self-report probes at four points in the tests; the use of self-report probes has been widely adopted in previous research studies. The current researchers designed a mobile application to host the tests; the app was installed on tablets which participants used to take the test. Results indicated that low-scoring learners in both grade levels had significantly higher MW than high-achieving learners, and that this was true when they were doing both lower-order and higher-order test questions. However, there was a difference in the patterns of MW between students in the two different grades. For Grade 5 students, the difference in MW between low and high scorers followed a similar pattern at all stages of the test, while this was not the case with Grade 9 test-takers. There were significant differences in the repeated measures of MW of both low and high performers in Grade 9, while the repeated measures of MW interacted significantly with the levels (low and high) of performance on the lower-level questions in Grade 5 only. No other interaction was detected. The findings of this study have shed light on the importance of taking into consideration students' MW while they are taking tests, but further research is needed to explore potential methods to keep their attention focused on the test.

Published
2023
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18. Validation and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the mental health literacy scale among the Saudi Arabian general population

Author

Nasser F. BinDhim, Nora A. Althumiri, Yasser Ad-Dab’bagh, Mohammed M. J. Alqahtani, Ahmad Kassab Alshayea, Sulaiman M. Al-Luhaidan, Anton Svendrovski, Rashed Abdullah Al-Duraihem, and Abdulhameed Abdullah Alhabeeb

Subjects
Mental health literacy, Saudi Arabia, Arabic language, Psychometric validation, Cross-cultural adaptation, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Objective This study aimed to validate the Arabic Version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (Arabic-MHLS) among the Saudi Arabian general population, assessing its internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and structural validity. Methods A total of 700 Arabic-speaking Saudi adults were randomly selected to complete the electronic questionnaire in May 2023, which generated 544 participants. Data were coded and stored in the ZdataCloud research data collection system database. Test-retest reliability was assessed using a subsample of 48 participants who completed the questionnaire twice, with a one-week interval. Structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Results The Arabic-MHLS demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.87) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.89). EFA revealed a four-factor model closely resembling the model identified in the Slovenian validation of MHLS, with factor loadings ranging from 0.40 to 0.85. The four factors included knowledge of mental health disorders, knowledge of help-seeking, knowledge of self-help strategies, and knowledge of professional help also showed good internal consistency. Conclusion The Arabic-MHLS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing mental health literacy in the Saudi Arabian general population. However, further research is needed to refine the measurement tool and understand the complex relationships between mental health literacy and other mental health-related concepts. This will contribute to the development of targeted interventions and policies aimed at improving mental health literacy and promoting mental well-being in the Saudi Arabian population and beyond.

Published
2023
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19. Interception of Epoxide ring to quorum sensing system in Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Mohammed Y. Refai, Ahmed M. Elazzazy, Said E. Desouky, Mohammed Abu-Elghait, Eman A. Fayed, Sulaiman M. Alajel, Abdullah A. Alajlan, Mona O. Albureikan, and Jiro Nakayama

Subjects
Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Quorum sensing, agr, fsr, Epoxide ring ADMET and Docking Studies., Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract Quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) has been attracting attention as anti-virulence agent which disarms pathogens of their virulence rather than killing them. QSI marking cyclic peptide-mediated QS in Gram-positive bacteria is an effective tool to overcome the crisis of antibiotic-dependent chemotherapy due to the emergence of drug resistance strain, e.g., methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE). From a semi-large-scale screening thus far carried out, two Epoxide compounds, Ambuic acid and Synerazol, have been found to efficiently block agr and fsr QS systems, suggesting that the Epoxide group is involved in the mode of action of these QSIs. To address this notion, known natural Epoxide compounds, Cerulenin and Fosfomycin were examined for QSI activity for the agr and fsr systems in addition to in silico and SAR studies. As a result, most of investigated Epoxide containing antibiotics correlatively interfere with QSI activity for the agr and fsr systems under sublethal concentrations.

Published
2023
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20. Super pulsed thulium fiber laser outcomes in retrograde intrarenal surgery for ureteral and renal stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Nazal A. Almasoud, Omar Safar, Adel Elatreisy, Saad Thamer Alshahrani, Saud Bin Libdah, Sulaiman M. Alkhaldi, Nezar F. Alsoliman, Abdulrahman M. Alderaan, Ibrahim Abdel-Al, Tamer A. Abouelgreed, Mohammed Alabeedi, and Abdulrahman Al-Aown

Subjects
Lithotripsy, Laser, Thulium, Kidney stone, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Abstract Background Laser lithotripsy using a thulium fiber laser (TFL) has become an effective treatment option for small renal stones with low complication rates. TFL has a higher absorption coefficient, smaller fibers, and better pulse rate capability. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the published evidence regarding TFL's lithotripsy performance in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), for which we primarily assessed the outcomes of stone-free rate, operation time, and complications. We searched different databases from inception to April 2023. We assessed the methodological quality and risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials and the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized studies. We used a random-effects model for meta-analysis and assessed heterogeneity using the I2 statistic. Results Twelve published studies evaluated the efficacy of RIRS using a TFL for treating renal and ureteral stones. The meta-analysis revealed a predicted stone-free rate of 89.37% (95% CI: 83.93% to 93.12%), indicating that, on average, approximately 89.37% of patients achieved a stone-free state after treatment. The substantial heterogeneity among the studies was evident, as shown by a Q-value of 33.1174 and a p-value of 0.0003. The I2 value of 69.80% (95% CI: 25.91% to 92.02%) highlighted the proportion of variability attributed to genuine heterogeneity across the studies. Moreover, the H2 value 3.31 (95% CI: 1.35 to 12.53) indicated significant heterogeneity beyond random chance. The estimated overall effect size (logit-transformed) of 2.1289 was highly statistically significant (z = 8.7648, p

Published
2023
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27. STEM Teacher Education: An Overview

Author

Song, Youngjin, Martin-Hansen, Lisa, Akerson, Valarie L., Buck, Gayle A., Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M., Assunção Flores, Maria, Series Editor, Al Barwani, Thuwayba, Series Editor, Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M., editor, Martin-Hansen, Lisa, editor, and Song, Youngjin, editor

Published
2023
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29. Screening for Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacteria and the Presence of Heavy Metals in the Upstream and Downstream Areas of the Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Author

Norah M. Al-Otaibi, Bassam Alsulaiman, Fahad M. Alreshoodi, Lenah E. Mukhtar, Sulaiman M. Alajel, Norah M. Binsaeedan, and Fahad M. Alshabrmi

Subjects
antibiotic resistance, AMR, heavy metals, ARG, water, pollution, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Valley surface water is considered a focal public health concern owing to the presence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. The distribution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria in the surface water is affected by the presence of multiple factors, including antibiotics coming from wastewater discharge or other contaminant sources such as pharmaceuticals, biocides, and heavy metals. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting that high levels of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can be transferred within bacterial communities under the influence of heavy metal stress. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to investigate the presence of heavy metals and bacterial ARGs in upstream as well as downstream locations of Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Sample collection was conducted at eighteen surface water sites within the valley in total. The selection of ARGs was associated with the most common antibiotics, including β-lactam, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, sulphonamide, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, trimethoprim, and colistin antibiotics, which were detected qualitatively using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. The tested antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) included (blaNDM-1 (for the antibiotic class Beta-lactamases), mecA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), tet(M) and tet(B) (for the antibiotic class Tetracycline), ampC (for the antibiotic class Beta-lactamases), vanA (for the antibiotic class vancomycin), mcr-1 (for the antibiotic class colistin), erm(B) (for the antibiotic class erythromycin), aac6′-Ie-aph2-Ia (for the antibiotic class Gentamicin), sulII (for the antibiotic class sulphonamide), catII (for the antibiotic class Chlorophincol), and dfrA1 (for the antibiotic class trimethoprim). Moreover, an assessment of the levels of heavy metals such as lithium (Li), beryllium (Be), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) was conducted by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). According to our findings, the concentrations of sulphonamide, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol ARGs (erm(B), sulII, and catII) were observed to be the most elevated. Conversely, two ARGs, namely mecA and mcr-1, were not detected in the samples. Moreover, our data illustrated a significant rise in ARGs in the bacteria of water samples from the upstream sites as compared with the water samples from the downstream sites of Wadi Hanifah Valley. The mean concentration of Li, Be, Cr, Co, As, Cd, Sn, Hg, and Pb in the water samples was estimated to be 37.25 µg/L, 0.02 µg/L, 0.56 µg/L,0.32 µg/L, 0.93 µg/L, 0.01 µg/L, 200.4 µg/L, 0.027 µg/L, and 0.26 µg/L, respectively, for the selected 18 sites. Furthermore, it was revealed that the concentrations of the screened heavy metals in the water samples collected from various sites did not surpass the maximum limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). In conclusion, this study offers a concise overview of the presence of heavy metals and ARGs in water samples obtained from the Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, KSA. Such findings will contribute to the ongoing monitoring and future risk assessment of ARGs spread in surface water.

Published
2024
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32. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries

Author

Kachapila, Mwayi, Oppong, Raymond, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Bhangu, Aneel, Dauda, Risikat, Ghosh, Dhruva N., Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Lawani, Ismail, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Monahan, Mark, Morton, Dion G., Omar, Omar, Picciochi, Maria, Tabiri, Stephen, Roberts, Tracy E., Brocklehurst, Peter, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Glasbey, James, Hardy, Pollyanna, Harrison, Ewen, Lillywhite, Rachel, Magill, Laura, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Simoes, Joana, Smith, Donna, Kadir, Bryar, Pinkney, Thomas, Brant, Felicity, Li, Elizabeth, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Bahrami-Hessari, Michael, Bywater, Edward, Martinez, Laura, Habumuremyi, Sosthene, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Williams, Emmanuel, Fourtounas, Maria, Melic, Bokossa K. Covalic, Suroy, Atul, Ahogni, Didier, Ahounou, Aristide, Boukari, K. Alassan, Gbehade, Oswald, Hessou, Thierry K, Nindopa, Sinama, Nontonwanou, M.J. Bienvenue, Guessou, Nafissatou Orou, Sambo, Arouna, Tchati, Sorekou Victoire, Tchogo, Affisatou, Tobome, Semevo Romaric, Yanto, Parfait, Gandaho, Isidore, Hadonou, Armel, Hinvo, Simplice, Hodonou, Montcho Adrien, Tamou, Sambo Bio, Lawani, Souliath, Dossou, Francis Moise, Gaou, Antoine, Goudou, Roland, Kouroumta, Marie-Claire, Malade, Enrif, Dikao, Anne stredy Mkoh, Nsilu, Joel Nzuwa, Ogouyemi, Pencome, Akpla, Marcelin, Mitima, Nathan Bisimwa, Kovohouande, Blaise, Loupeda, Stephane Laurent, Agbangla, Mamonde Victorin, Hedefoun, Sena Emmanuel, Mavoha, Thierry, Ngaguene, Juvenal, Rugendabanga, Janvier, Soton, Rish Romaric, Totin, Martin, Agbadebo, Mouhamed, Dewamon, Hubert, Akpo, Irene, Djeto, Martin, Hada, Aissatou, Hollo, Monsede, Houndji, Albert, Houndote, Anasthasie, Hounsa, Sylvestre, Kpatchassou, Expedit, Yome, Hugues, Alidou, Mohamed Moussa, Bara, Eric Jerry, Yovo, B.T. Bonheur Dossou, Guinnou, Robert, Hamadou, Souleymane, Kola, H.Pauline, Moussa, Nabil, Cakpo, Boniface, Etchisse, Lolyta, Hatangimana, Emery, Muhindo, Moise, Sanni, Katia, Yevide, Agossou Barthelemy, Agossou, Hermann, Musengo, Fiston Basirwa, Behanzin, Hulrich, Seto, Djifid Morel, Alia, Bill Armstrong, Alitonou, Arnaud, Mehounou, Y.Edith, Agbanda, Lucien, Attinon, Julien, Hounsou, Nounagnon Rene, Gbassi, Marcel, Adagrah, Aniakwo, Alhassan, Bin Baaba Alhaji, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel Pokuah, Appiah, Anthony Baffour, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Boakye, Benedict, Debrah, Samuel A, Ganiyu, Rahman Adebisi, Enti, Donald, Koggoh, Patience, Kpankpari, Richard, Opandoh, Isanella Naa M., Manu, Meshach Agyemang, Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku, Mensah, Samuel, Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Nortey, Michael, Nkrumah, John, Ofori, Emmanuel Owusu, Quartson, Elizaberth Mercy, Acquah, Ato Oppong, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie Issa, Asabre, Esther, Boateng, Ruby Acheampong, Koomson, Barbara, Kusiwaa, Ataa, Twerefour, Emmanuel Yaw, Ankomah, James, Assah-Adjei, Frank, Boakye, Anthony Appiah, Fosu, Godfred, Serbeh, Godwin, Gyan, Kofi Yeboah, Nyarko, Isaac Omane, Robertson, Zelda, Acheampong, Dorcas O, Acquaye, Jane, Adinku, Michael, Agbedinu, Kwabena, Agbeko, Anita Eseenam, Amankwa, Emmanuel Gyimah, Amoah, Michael, Amoah, George, Appiah, Juliana, Arthur, Joshua, Ayim, Alex, Ayodeji, Emmanuel Kafui, Boakye-Yiadom, Jonathan, Boateng, Edward Amoah, Dally, Charles, Davor, Anthony, Gyasi-Sarpong, Christian Kofi, Hamidu, Naabo Nuhu Noel, Haruna, Iddrisu, Kwarley, Naa, Lovi, Agbenya Kobla, Nimako, Boateng, Nyadu, Bertina Beauty, Opoku, Dominic, Osabutey, Anita, Sagoe, Robert, Tuffour, Samuel, Tufour, Yaa, Yamoah, Francis Akwaw, Yefieye, Abiboye Cheduko, Yorke, Joseph, Addo, Kwame Gyambibi, Akosa, Enoch Appiah, Boakye, Percy, Coompson, Christian Larbi, Gyamfi, Brian, Kontor, Bismark Effah, Kyeremeh, Christian, Manu, Ruth, Mensah, Elijah, Solae, Friko Ibrahim, Toffah, Gideon Kwasi, Adu-Brobbey, Raphael, Labaran, Abdul-Hamid, Owusu, Junior Atta, Adobea, Vivian, Bennin, Amos, Dankwah, Fred, Doe, Stanley, Kantanka, Ruth Sarfo, Kobby, Ephraim, Larnyor, Hanson, Owusu, Prince Yeboah, Sie-Broni, Clement Ayum, Zume, Marshall, Abantanga, Francis Atindaana, Abdulai, Darling Ramatu, Acquah, Daniel Kwesi, Ayingayure, Emmanuel, Osman, Imoro, Kunfah, Sheba, Limann, Gbana, Mohammed, Shamudeen Ahhassan, Mohammed, Sheriff, Musah, Yakubu, Ofori, Bernard, Owusu, Emmanuel Abem, Saba, Abdul-Hafiz, Seidu, Anwar Sadat, Yakubu, Mustapha, Yenli, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang, Bhatti, Kavita, Dhiman, Jyoti, Dhir, Karan, Hans, Monika, Haque, Parvez D, Jesudason, Esther Daniel Mark, Madankumar, Latha, Mittal, Rohin, Nagomy, Ida, Prasad, Soosan, Dasari, Amos, Jacob, Priya, Kurien, Elizabeth, Mathew, Arpit, Prakash, Danita, Susan, Anju, Varghese, Rose, Ortiz, Reyes Cervantes, Gonzalez, Gonzalo Hernandez, Krauss, Rosa Hernandez, Miguelena, Luis Hernández, Romero, Marco Hurtado, Gomez, Isaac Baltazar, Aguirre, Celina Cuellar, Avendaño, Alejandro Cuevas, Sansores, Luis Dominguez, Mejia, Hector Ortiz, Campo, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del, Sánchez, Irani Durán, Vazquez, Diana Gonzalez, Lara, Maria Martínez, Maldonado, Laura Martinez Perez, Fuente, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la, Medina, Antonio Ramos De la, Adeleye, Victoria, Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo, Akinajo, Opeyemi, Akinboyewa, David, Alasi, Iyabo, Alakaloko, Felix, Atoyebi, Oluwole, Balogun, Olanrewaju, Belie, Orimisan, Bode, Christopher, Ekwesianya, Andrew, Elebute, Olumide, Ezenwankwo, Francis, Fatuga, Adedeji, Ihediwa, George, Jimoh, Adesola, Kuku, Jubril, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun, Makanjuola, Ayomide, Mokwenyei, Olayanju, Nwokocha, Samuel, Ogein, Olubunmi, Ojewola, Rufus, Oladimeji, Abraham, Olajide, Thomas, Oluseye, Oluwaseun, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah, Ugwu, Aloy, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman, Adeleke, Nurudeen, Adesola, Muideen, Afolabi, Rafiat, Agodirin, Sulaiman, Aremu, Isiaka, Bello, Jibril, Lawal, Saheed, Lawal, Abdulwahab, Raji, Hadijat, Sayomi, Olayinka, Shittu, Asimiyu, Acquah, Regina, Banka, Charles, Esssien, Derick, Hussey, Romeo, Mustapha, Yakubu, Nunoo-Ghartey, Kojo, Yeboah, Grace, Aniakwo, Luke A, Adjei, Margarey N M, Adofo-Asamoah, Yvonne, Agyapong, Meshach M, Agyen, Thomas, Alhassan, Baba A B, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel P, Ashong, Josephine, Awindaogo, Joseph K, Brimpong, Benjamin B, Dayie, Makafui S C J K, Ghansah, Wendy W, Gyamfi, Jude E, Kudoh, Vincent, Mensah, Philip, Opandoh, Isabella N Morkor, Morna, Martin T, Odame, Emelia, Ofori, Emmanuel O, Quaicoo, Sandra, Quartson, Elizabert M, Teye-Topey, Cynthia, Yigah, Makafui, Yussif, Safia, Adjei-Acquah, Esther, Agyekum-Gyimah, Vera O, Agyemang, Eric, AkotoAmpaw, Arko, Amponsah-Manu, Forster, Arkorful, Temitope E, Dokurugu, Moses A, Essel, Nanabanyin, Ijeoma, Aja, Obiri, Emmanuel L, Ofosu-Akromah, Richard, Quarchey, Karen N D, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie, Andoh, Aaron B, Boateng, Ruby A, Kusiwaa, Atta, Naah, Adeline, Oppon-Acquah, Ato, Oppong, Benjamin A, Agbowada, Emma A, Akosua, Ameley, Armah, Ralph, Asare, Christopher, Awere-Kyere, Lawrence K B, Bruce-Adjei, Amanda, Christian, Nana Ama, Gakpetor, Delali A, Kennedy, Korankye K, Mends-Odro, Jacqueline, Obbeng, Ambe, Ofosuhene, Doris, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Ciociano, Maria Chávez Jonathan M Chejfec, Valle, Carlos J Zuloaga Fernández del, Aziz, Hafsa I Ahmed Gowhar, Calvillo, Marijose De Cristo Gonzalez, Iriarte, David Giovanny I Morales, Namur, Luz del Carmen M, Mustapha, Bilkisu K Lawal Aisha, Utumatwishima, Athanasie Mukasine Jean N, Abdul-Aziz, Iddrisu I A, Anasara, Gilbert A G, Ogudi, David K D, Quansah, Jonathan I K, Kumar, Nivesh Agrawal Uttkarsh, Mehraj, Imtiyaz Mantoo Asif, Nayak, Sonia Mathai Pragyanmai, Díaz, Kriscia V Ascencio, Herrera, Victor J Avalos, Camacho, Francisco J Barbosa, Pérez, Irma V Brancaccio, Llamas, Miguel A Calderón, Cardona, Guillermo A Cervantes, Andrade, Luis R Cifuentes, Flores, Ana O Cortés, Torres, Edgar J Cortes, Valadez, Tania A Cueto, Valadez, Andrea E Cueto, Cardoza, Jose A Flores, González, Luis A García, Bojorquez, Jaime L González, Ponce, Fanny Y González, Ramírez, Cristhian S Guerrero, Barba, José A Guzmán, Ramírez, Bertha G Guzmán, Ruvalcaba, Mario J Guzmán, Alva, Daniel A Hérnandez, Camargo, Silvia A Ibarra, Peña, Juan C Ibarrola, Pérez, Zayra M Lara, Tellez, Mel P Mellado, Ackerman, Roberto C Miranda, Vallejo, Luis R Pacheco, Bocanegra, Víctor H Pérez, Navarro, Jose V Pérez, Posada, Francisco J Plascencia, Hernández, María A Quirarte, Gonzalez, Luis R Ramirez, Elizalde, Emilio A Reyes, Ascencio, Evelia V Romo, Velasco, Carlos B Ruiz, Martínez, José A Sánchez, Pulido, José I Sandoval, García, Alejandro G Serrano, Carreón, Luis O Suárez, Ávila, Juan J Tijerina, Gastelum, Jesus O Vega, Ramirez, Melissa L Vicencio, Casas, Maria F Zarate, Mata, Jesus Antonion Aguilar, Vanegas, Miguel Antonio Calderon, Arias, Rocio Guadalupe Cano, Barajas, Brenda Vanessa Enriquez, Angeles, Laura Olivia Montano, Lomeli, Angelo Fernando Mortola, Navarro, Jose Esteban Orozco, Baolboa, Laura Gabriela Pena, Dominguez, Ana Camille G, Morales, Jesus Flavio M, Pesquera, Jose Alberto A, Fonseca, Roland Kevin Cethorth, Hernandez, Edgard Efren Lozada, Ramirez, Jairo Arturo Rodriguez, Moscoso, Mitzi R Becerra, Duniya, Sharon A N, Adeleye, Gbadebo T C, Bakare, Tajudeen I B, Ohemu, Alexander A, Habumuremyi, Divine Umuhoza Sosthene, Seneza, Gabriel Ntwari Celestin, Haragirimana, Jean de Dieu, Ingabire, Allen J C, Ekwunife, Okechukwu Hyginus, Gyamfi, Frank E, Nyadu, Bertina B, Adu-Aryee, Nii A, Amoako, Joachim K, Aperkor, Nicholas T, Asman, Wilfred K, Attepor, Godsway S, Bediako-Bowan, Antoinette A, Brown, George D, Etwire, Victor K, Fenu, Benjamin S, Kumassah, Philemon K, Larbi-Siaw, Linda A, Olatola, David O, Tsatsu, Sandra E, Barimah, Charles G, Boateng, Guy C, Kwabena, Ponala W, Kwarteng, Seidu M, Luri, Prosper T, Acquah, Daniel K, Adams, Shamsudeen M, Alhassan, Mohammed S, Asirifi, Samuel A, Dery, Mathias K, Ofori, Bernard A, Sam, Napoleon Bellua, Seidu, Anwar S, Acquah, Emmanuel Kojo, Coompson, Christian L, Gyambibi, Addo K, Kontor, Bismark E, Poonia, Dharma R, Rathod, Kirti K, Rodha, Mahaveer S, Soni, Subhash C, Varsheney, Vaibhav K, Vishnoi, Jeevan R, Garnaik, Deepak K, Lokavarapu, Manoj J, Seenivasagam, Rajkumar K, Kalyanapu, Jeffery A, Gautham, Arun K, Singh, Deepak S, Abraham, Eunice S, Gold, Chinta S, Joseph, Jeremiah N, Kurien, Elizabeth N, Mathew, Arpit J, Mathew, Amy E, Prakash, Danita D, Hans, Monika A, Sam, Vivin Daniel, Thind, Ravinder Singh, Veetil, Sreejith K, Daniel, Esther R, Jacob, Smitha E, Jesudason, Mark R, Samuel, Vasanth Mark, Sivakumar, Moonish V, Saluja, Sundeep S, Attri, Ashok K, Pai, Murlidhar V, Prabhu, P S, T, Sundeep P, Alexander, Philip V, Ismavel, Vijay A, Solomi, Carolin V, Alpheus, Rahul A, Choudhrie, Ashish Victor, Gunny, Rashmi Jacob, Malik, Muneer A, Peters, Nitin J, Chowdri, Nisar A, Dar, Rayees A, Parray, Fazl Q, Shah, Zamir A, Wani, Rauf A, Villaseñor, S Alvarez, Hernández, Aldo Bernal, Ahumada, Elyoenai Bonilla, Cardiel, Guadalupe Castillo, Guevara, Gabino Cervantes, Perez, Enrique Cervantes, Martinez, Esteban Cueva, Barradas, Paulina Domínguez, Estrada, Isaac Esparza, Becerril, Paola Flores, Orozco, Clotilde Fuentes, Reyna, Benjamín García, Sánchez, Eduardo Gómez, Espinoza, Eduardo González, Ojeda, Alejandro González, Torres, Martin Islas, Tornero, Jorge Jiménez, País, Roberto Mares, Santana, Damián Mora, Villela, Gilberto Morgan, Hinojosa, Rodrigo Nájar, Escobar, Cesar Nuño, Rodríguez, Itzel Ochoa, Flores, Oscar Olvera, Barreiro, Angelica Ortega, Rubio, Jacqueline Osuna, Bravo, Cornelio Ruelas, Villaseñor, Guillermo Sanchez, Tinajero, Carlos Colunga, Samano, Fernanda Diaz, Banuelos, Gerardo Gallardo, Ortiz, Francisco Ibanez, Ramirez, Maryzela Lazo, Arroyo, Gerardo Lopez, Perez, Jaime Orozco, Ramirez, Damaris Orozco, Lozano, Jesus Pizarro, Reyes, Guillermo Yanowsky, Castillo, Monica N, Mellado, Dorihela H, Bozada-Gutierrez, Katya, Casado-Zarate, Ana Florencia, Delano-Alonso, Roberto, Herrera-Esquivel, Jose, Moreno-Portillo, Mucio, Trejo-Avila, Mario, Quiros, Bruno Crocco, Ambriz-González, Gabriela, Cabrera-Lozano, Ishtar, Calderón-Alvarado, Ana B, León-Frutos, Francisco J, Villanueva-Martínez, Erick E, Aliyu, Mohammed S, Balogun, Abigail Olajumoke, Francis, Abantanga Atindaana, Duromola, Kehinde Michael, Gana, Stephen G, George, Mukoro Duke, Iji, Lambert Onahi, Jimoh, Aminat O, Koledade, Afolabi K, Lawal, Ahmad T, Nwabuoku, Stanley Emeka, Ogunsua, Oluseyi O, Okafor, Ifeanyi Fidelis, Okorie, Ethos Ike, Saidu, Ibrahim A, Sholadoye, Tunde T, Abdulkarim, Abdulhafiz A, Abdullahi, Lawal Barau, Tolani, Musliu Adetola, Tukur, Aliyu Muhammad, Umar, Ahmad Shehu, Umar, Aminatu M, Yusuf, Salisu Abeku, Ado, Khadija A, Aliyu, Nura U, Anyanwu, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka, Daneji, Sulaiman M, Magashi, Mahmoud Kawu, Mohammad, Mohammad A, Muhammad, Abubakar Bala, Muhammad, Saminu S, Muideen, Bello Abodunde, Nwachukwu, Calistus U, Sallau, Suleiman B, Sheshe, Abdulrahman A, Takai, Idris Usman, Umar, Garzali I, Adze, Joel A, Airede, Lydia R, Bature, Stephen B, Galadima, Moses C, Hamza, Babatunde K, Kache, Stephen A, Kagomi, Williams Y, Kene, Ifeanyi A, Makama, Jerry G, Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Amina A, Taingson, Mathew C, Odunafolabi, Tunde A, Okereke, Chukwuma E, Oladele, Oluwafemi O, Olaleye, Oluwaseun H, Olubayo, Oyetunde O, Abiola, Olukayode P, Abiyere, Henry O, Adebara, Idowu O, Adeniyi, Adebayo A, Adewara, Olumide E, Adeyemo, Olabisi T, Adeyeye, Ademola A, Ariyibi, Abimbola L, Awoyinka, Babatunde S, Ayankunle, Olumide M, Babalola, Olakunle F, Banjo, Oluseyi O, Egharevba, Peter A, Fatudimu, Oluwafemi S, Obateru, John A, Odesanya, Oluremi J, Ojo, Owolabi D, Okunlola, Abiodun I, Okunlola, Cecilia K, Olajide, Adewale T, Orewole, Tesleem O, Salawu, Adedayo I, Abdulsalam, Moruf A, Adelaja, Aderinsola T, Ajai, Olalekan T, Atobatele, Kazeem M, Bakare, Oludayo Oluwaseyi, Faboya, Omolara M, Imam, Zainab O, Nwaenyi, Francisca C, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle A, Oludara, Mobolaji A, Omisanjo, Olufunmilade A, Onyeka, Chinonso U, Oshodi, Olabode A, Oshodi, Yusuf A, Salami, Omotade S, Williams, Omolara M, Adeyeye, Victoria Ibukunoluwa, Agbulu, Moses Vincent, Akinajo, Opeyemi Rebecca, Akinboyewa, David O, Alakaloko, Felix M, Alasi, Iyabo O, Atoyebi, Oluwole A, Balogun, Olanrewaju S, Bode, Christopher O, Busari, Maryam Oluwatobi, Duru, Nnamdi Jonathan, Edet, Glory Bassey, Elebute, Olumide A, Ezenwankwo, Francis Chinonso, Fatuga, Adedeji L, Ihediwa, George C, Inyang, Emmanuel Sylvester, Jimoh, Adesola I, Kuku, Jubril Oladayo, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun A, Lawal, Abdulrazzaq O, Makwe, Christian Chigoze, Mgbemena, Chinelo Victoria, Nwokocha, Samuel U, Ogunjimi, Moses Adebisi, Ohazurike, Ephraim Okwudiri, Ojewola, Rufus W, Badedale, Moyosoluwa Eunice, Okeke, Chike J, Okunowo, Adeyemi A, Oladimeji, Abraham T, Olajide, Thomas O, Oluseye, Oluwaseun O, Orowale, Adeola Ayoola, Osinowo, Adedapo Olumide, Oyegbola, Christianah Bidemi, Seyi-Olajide, Justina O, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah P, Timo, Manuella Talla, Ugwu, Aloy Okechukwu, Williams, Emmanuel Ojo, Duruewuru, Innocent O, Egwuonwu, Ochonma A, Emeka, James J, Modekwe, Victor Ifeanyichukwu, Nwosu, Chimdiebele Daisy, Obiechina, Sylvester O, Obiesie, Ahuizechukwu E, Okafor, Celestine I, Okonoboh, Theophilus O, Okoye, Odili A, Onu, Onyekachi A, Onyejiaka, Chukwudubem C, Uche, Chisom Faith, Ugboajah, Joseph O, Ugwu, Jideofor Okechukwu, Adeleke, Akeem A, Adepiti, Akinfolarin C, Aderounmu, Adewale A, Adesunkanmi, Abdulhafiz O, Adisa, Adewale O, Ajekwu, Samuel C, Ajenifuja, Olusegun K, Alatise, Olusegun I, Badmus, Tajudeen A, Mohammed, Tajudeen O, Salako, Abdulkadir A, Sowande, Oludayo A, Talabi, Ademola O, Wuraola, Funmilola O, Adegoke, Paul Aderemi, Eseile, Ideyonbe Samuel, Ogundoyin, Olakayode Olaolu, Olulana, Dare Isaac, Adumah, Collins C, Ajagbe, Adewale O, Akintunde, Olugbenga P, Asafa, Opeyemi Q, Eziyi, Amogu K, Fasanu, Adeniyi O, Ojewuyi, Olufemi O, Ojewuyi, Abiodun R, Oyedele, Abisola E, Taiwo, Oluwaseun A, Abdullahi, Habiba I, Adewole, Nathaniel D, Agida, Teddy E, Ailunia, Eunice E, Akaba, Godwin O, Bawa, Kehinde G, Chinda, John Y, Daluk, Esther B, Eniola, Sefiu B, Ezenwa, Augusta O, Garba, Stephen E, Mshelbwala, Philip M, Ndukwe, Ngozi O, Ogolekwu, Idoko P, Osagie, Olabisi O, Sani, Samuel A, Tabuanu, Nancy O, Umar, Aminu M, Agbonrofo, Peter I, Arekhandia, Alexander I, Edena, Morrison E, Eghonghon, Raymond A, Enaholo, Joel E, Ideh, Stanley N, Iribhogbe, Oseihie I, Irowa, Omorodion O, Isikhuemen, Maradona E, Odutola, Oluwatomi R, Okoduwa, Kester O, Omorogbe, Scott O, Osagie, Osasumwen T, Abdus-Salam, Rukiyat A, Adebayo, Sikiru Adekola, Ajagbe, Oluwasanmi A, Ajao, Akinlabi E, Ayandipo, Omobolaji O, Egbuchulem, Kelvin I, Ekwuazi, Hyginus O, Idowu, Oluwasegun C, Irabor, David O, Lawal, Taiwo A, Lawal, Olatunji O, Ogundoyin, Olakayode O, Sanusi, Akinsola T, Takure, Augustine O, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman Olajide, Adebisi, Mary Oluwadamilola, Adeleke, Nurudeen Abiola, Afolabi, Rafiat Tinuola, Aremu, Isiaka Ishola, Bello, Jibril Oyekunle, Lawal, Saheed Abolade, Raji, Hadijat Olaide, Igwe, Patrick O, Iweha, Ikechukwu Enyinnaya, John, Raphael E, Okoro, Philemon E, Oriji, Vaduneme Kingsley, Oweredaba, Ibiene T, Majyabere, Jean Paul, Habiyakare, Jean Aimable, Nabada, Marie Gloriose, Masengesho, Jean pierre, Niyomuremyi, Jean Paul, Uwimana, Jean Claude, Maniraguha, Hope Lydia, Urimubabo, Christian Jean, Shyirakera, Jean Yves, Adams, Mary Augusta, Ede, Chikwendu Jeffrey, Mathe, Mpho Nosipho, Nhlabathi, Ncamsile Anthea, Nxumalo, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe, Sethoana, Mmule Evelyn, Abdulai, Samira, Agboadoh, Nelson, Akoto, Erica, Boakye-Yiadom, Kwaku, Dedey, Florence, Nsaful, Josephine, Wordui, Theodore, Abubakari, Fatao, Akunyam, Johnson, Ballu, Cletus, Ngaaso, Kennedy, Kyeremeh, Collins, Osei, Edwin, Owusu, Frank, Sie-Broni, Clement, Abdul-Hafiz, Saba, Amadu, Munira, Awe, Martin, Azanlerigu, Millicent, Edwin, Yenli, Maalekuu, Aloysius, Malechi, Hawa, Mohammed, Ibrahim, Mumuni, Kareem, Yahaya, Shekira, Alhassan, Jaabir, Jeffery-Felix, Ametepe, Naah, Gifty, Noufuentes, Carmen, Sakyi, Abraham, Chaudhary, Ramkaran, Misra, Sanjeev, Pareek, Puneet, Pathak, Manish, Sharma, Naveen, Sharma, Nivedita, Huda, Farhanul, Mishra, Neha, Ranjan, Rohit, Singh, Shanky, Solanki, Pratik, Verma, Raunak, Yhoshu, Enono, John, Suzan, Kutma, Ananta, Philips, Sanish, Hepzibah, Alice, Mary, Grace, Chetana, Chetana, Dummala, Prashant, Jacob, Jurgen, Mary, Priya, Samuel, Oliver, Sukumar, Ashwin, Syam, Niyah, Bhatt, Alisha, Bhatti, William, Dhar, Tapasya, Goyal, Ankush, Goyal, Sunita, Jain, Deepak, Jain, Rita, Kaur, Savleen, Kumar, Karan, Luther, Anil, Mahajan, Amit, Mandrelle, Kavita, Michael, Vishal, Mukherjee, Partho, Rajappa, Reuben, Singh, Prashant, Williams, Rahul, D, Sreekar, Kumari, Pushplatha, Shankar, Bharat, Sharma, Srujan, Surendran, Suraj, Thomas, Anita, Trinity, Paul, Kanchodu, Sudheer, Leshiini, K, Bansal, Ishan, Gupta, Sanjay, Gureh, Monika, Kapoor, Simran, Aggarwal, Manisha, Kanna, Vinoth, Kaur, Harmanjot, Kumar, Ashwani, Singh, Simrandeep, Singh, Gurtaj, John, Viju, Adnan, Mohammed, Kumar, Pardeep, S, Abhishek, Sehrawat, Vikram, Singla, Deepak, Thami, Gaurav, Kumar, Vijay, Mathew, Stanley, Akhtar, Naseem, Chaturvedi, Arun, Gupta, Sameer, Prakash, Puneet, Rajan, Shiv, Singh, Mohit, Tripathi, Abhilasha, Thomas, Josy, Zechariah, Pradeep, Kichu, Moloti, Joseph, Susan, Pundir, Neha, Samujh, Ram, Kour, Robindera, Saqib, Najmus, Raul, Subrat, Rautela, Komal, Sharma, Rajeev, Singh, Nishu, Vakil, Rakesh, Chowdhury, Priyanka, Chowdhury, Sona, Roy, Bipradas, Abdullahi, Aisha, Abubakar, Maimuna, Awaisu, Mudi, Bakari, Fadimatu, Bashir, Mohammed, Bello, Ahmad, Daniyan, Muhammad, Gimba, Justina, Gundu, Isaac, Oyelowo, Nasir, Sufyan, Ibrahim, Umaru-Sule, Hajara, Usman, Mohammed, Yahya, Anisah, Yakubu, Alfa, Abdullahi, Muzzammil, Soladoye, Abdulmajeed, Yahaya, Abubakar, Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu, Aminu, Bashiru, Bello-Tukur, Firdaws, Chinyio, Damai, Joshua, Samaila, Lawal, Jamila, Mohammed, Caleb, Nuwam, Deborah, Sale, Danjuma, Sani, Abdulrasheed, Tabara, Salome, Usam, Emmanuel, Yakubu, Josiah, Adegoke, Folasade, Ige, Oluwasuyi, Bakare, Adewumi, Akande, Olukemi, Anyanwu, Noble, Eke, Grace, Oyewole, Yemisi, Abunimye, Esther, Adeoluwa, Adebunmi, Adesiyakan, Adedotun, Amao, Michael, Ashley-Osuzoka, Christiana, Gbenga-Oke, Christianah, Olanrewaju, Olabisi, Olayioye, Olawunmi, Olutola, Stephen, Onyekachi, Kenneth, Osariemen, Emili, Osunwusi, Benedetto, Owie, Emmanuel, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Ugwuanyi, Kenneth, Ugwunne, Chuka, Olasehinde, Olalekan, Akinloye, Abidemi, Akinniyi, Ayodeji, Ejimogu, Joseph, Okedare, Amos, Omotola, Omolara, Sanwo, Francis, Awodele, Kehinde, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Alfred, Janet, Atim, Terkaa, Mbajiekwe, Ndubuisi, Olori, amson, Suleiman, Salisu, Sunday, Helen, Ida, Genesis, Oruade, David, Osemwegie, Osarenkhoe, Ajibola, Gboyega, Elemile, Peter, Fakoya, Adegbolahan, Ojediran, Oluwabukade, Olagunju, Naomi, Bello, Robiat, Ojajuni, Adeolu, Oyewale, Sabur, Abhulimen, Victor, Okoi, Nnyonno, Mizero, Japhet, Mutimamwiza, Immaculee, Nirere, Francoise, Niyongombwa, Irenee, Byaruhanga, Anastase, Dukuzimana, Rongin, Uwizeye, Marcel, Ruhosha, Mathias, Igiraneza, joselyne, Ingabire, Faustine, Karekezi, Aloys, Mpirimbanyi, Christophe, Mukamazera, Lydia, Mukangabo, Clemence, Imanishimwe, Alphonsine, Kanyarukiko, Salathiel, Mukaneza, Francine, Mukantibaziyaremye, Deborah, Munyaneza, Aphrodis, Ndegamiye, Gibert, Nyirangeri, Pierrine, Tubasiime, Ronald, Dusabe, Moses, Izabiriza, Emelyne, Mutuyimana, Josiane, Mwenedata, Olivier, Rwagahirima, Elisee, Zirikana, Job, Sibomana, Isaie, Rubanguka, Desire, Umuhoza, Josine, Uwayezu, Roda, Uzikwambara, Leoncie, Dieudonne, Aime, Kabanda, Elysee, Mbonimpaye, Salomee, Mukakomite, Christine, Muroruhirwe, Piolette, Butana, Herbert, Dusabeyezu, Moise, Batangana, Mediatrice, Bucyibaruta, Georges, Mukanyange, Violette, Munyaneza, Emmanuel, Mutabazi, Emmanuel, Mwungura, Espoir, Ncogoza, Isaie, Nyirahabimana, Jeannette, Nyirasebura, Dancilla, Dusabimana, Anaclet, Kanyesigye, Sam, Munyaneza, Robert, Hyman, Gabriella, Moore, Rachel, Sentholang, Nnosa, Wondoh, Paul, Ally, Zain, Domingo, Aimee, Munda, Philip, Nyatsambo, Chido, Ojo, Victor, Pswarayi, Rudo, Cook, Jonathan, Jayne, David, Laurberg, Soeren, Brown, Julia, Smart, Neil, and Cousens, Simon

Published
2024
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34. Cultural adaptation and validation of the mental illness associated stigma scale for Arabic-speaking population in Saudi Arabia

Author

Nasser F. BinDhim, Nora A. Althumiri, Sulaiman M. Al-Luhaidan, Mohammed Alhajji, Sami Yahya A. Saad, Hussain Alyami, Anton Svendrovski, Rashed Abdullah Al-Duraihem, and Abdulhameed Abdullah Alhabeeb

Subjects
mental illness, stigma, validation, MIAS scale, Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

ObjectiveThis research aimed to culturally adapt and validate the MIAS scale for Arabic-speaking individuals within the Saudi Arabian general population, with an emphasis on cultural, societal, and individual nuances.MethodsAn initial pilot testing with a small group ensured the scale's clarity. Subsequently, two cross-sectional studies involving 189 participants to assess structural validity of the Arabic MIAS scale, and 38 participants to assess the test-retest reliability. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed for data analysis.ResultsThe Arabic MIAS scale demonstrated good internal consistency and acceptable test-retest reliability (ICC α = 0.631). A three-factor model emerged (CFI = 0.890, TLI = 0.845, RMSEA = 0.094), including “Outcomes,” “Negative Stereotypes,” and “Recovery,” closely mirroring the original study's structure. one item was excluded from the model since it didn't align with any of the three factors.ConclusionThe study contributes a culturally adapted, validated, non-condition-specific tool to gauge public attitudes toward mental health stigma in an Arabic context. It highlights the need for culturally sensitive stigma research and interventions and underscores the importance of improving such tools for cross-cultural applicability and comparability.

Published
2024
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35. Comparative genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients and retail meat

Author

Dalal M. Alkuraythi, Manal M. Alkhulaifi, Abdulwahab Z. Binjomah, Mohammed Alarwi, Mohammed I. Mujallad, Saleh Ali Alharbi, Mohammad Alshomrani, Takashi Gojobori, and Sulaiman M. Alajel

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, Staphylococcal toxins, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

IntroductionStaphylococcus aureus is a significant human pathogen that poses a threat to public health due to its association with foodborne contamination and a variety of infections. The factors contributing to the pathogenicity of S. aureus include virulence, drug resistance, and toxin production, making it essential to monitor their prevalence and genetic profiles. This study investigated and compared the genomic characteristics of S. aureus isolates from retail meat and patients in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA total of 136 S. aureus isolates were obtained between October 2021 and June 2022:84 from patients and 53 from meat samples in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. S. aureus isolates were identified using conventional methods and MALDI-TOF MS, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was identified using VITEK2 and BD Phoenix systems. MRSA was confirmed phenotypically using chromogenic agar, and genotypically by detecting mecA. Genomic data were analyzed using BactopiaV2 pipeline, local BLAST, and MLST databases.ResultsAntibiotic resistance genes were prevalent in both meat and patient S. aureus isolates, with high prevalence of tet38, blaZ, and fosB. Notably, all S. aureus isolates from patients carried multidrug-resistant (MDR) genes, and a high percentage of S. aureus isolates from meat also harbored MDR genes. Phenotypically, 43% of the S. aureus isolates from meat and 100% of the patients’ isolates were MDR. Enterotoxin genes, including selX, sem, and sei, exhibited high compatibility between meat and patient S. aureus isolates. Virulence genes such as cap, hly/hla, sbi, and isd were found in all S. aureus isolates from both sources.ConclusionOur study established a genetic connection between S. aureus isolates from meat and patients, showing shared antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. The presence of these genes in meat derived isolates underscores its role as a reservoir. Genomic relatedness also suggests potential transmission of resistance between different settings. These findings emphasize the necessity for a comprehensive approach to monitor and control S. aureus infections in both animals and humans.

Published
2024
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37. A secure multifactor-based clustering scheme for internet of vehicles

Author

Sulaiman M. Karim, Adib Habbal, Hassen Hamouda, and Hashem Alaidaros

Subjects
Blockchain, Intelligent Transportation System, IoV, Multifactor clustering, Security, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

The development of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has been made possible through a variety of communication technologies and advanced AI techniques. In this context, ensuring stable and efficient communication for IoV is extremely important. It addresses several challenges related to security issues, high dynamism, constant connection outages, and the expected high traffic density. To overcome these challenges, vehicle clustering is a viable strategy for a reliable communication environment. The majority of current research focuses on solving the problem of cluster stability and efficiency by utilizing one or multiple factors, particularly vehicle location, mobility, and behavior. This article introduces an efficient Multifactor Clustering Scheme for IoV (MFCS-IoV). MFCS-IoV includes two stages: cluster formation and cluster head selection. The cluster formation is based on the improved K-means algorithm, considering both the vehicle mobility and final destination within the driving zone. While, a weighted cluster fitness function that includes mobility, behavior, dynamic location, and security is used to optimally select the Cluster Head (CH). Blockchain technology has been integrated into the model to safeguard the privacy of information like destination and other vehicle parameters. Simulation results demonstrate the success of MFCS-IoV in partitioning the vehicles into stable clusters and selecting the optimal cluster heads based on the proposed parameters. The effectiveness of MFCS-IoV is demonstrated by simulating different scenarios of 50 to 300 vehicles in the driving area. A comparison with related works shows that MFCS-IoV outperforms other schemes regarding average node-to-node delay, packet delivery rate, and throughput. Additionally, the proposed MFCS-IoV increases communication reliability by providing stable clusters while maintaining security measures.

Published
2023
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38. Evaluating the effectiveness of the Ministry of Health restriction policy on seasonal antibiotic consumption trends in Saudi Arabia, 2016–2020

Author

Khaloud O. Alzahrani, Saeed M. Alshahrani, and Sulaiman M. Alajel

Subjects
antibiotic consumption, seasonal variation, IQVIA-MIDAS, defined daily dose DDD/1,000 inhabitants per day, anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system (ATC), Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Background: Understanding antibiotic consumption patterns over time is essential to optimize prescribing practices and minimizing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine whether the antibiotics restriction policy launched by the Saudi Ministry of Health in April 2018 has impacted antibiotic use by assessing changes and seasonal variations following policy enforcement.Methods: Quarterly sales data of J01 antibacterial for systemic use in standard units were obtained from the IQVIA-MIDAS database, spanning from the first quarter of 2016 to the last quarter of 2020. Antibiotics consumption was measured in defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitant per day- in a quarter (DDDdq). A comparative analysis of antibiotic consumption pre- and post-policy periods introduction was conducted by computing the average consumption values for each period. Statistical comparison of the mean differences between the two periods were then made using independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U Test where needed. Time series analysis was employed to estimate the projected antibiotic consumption in the post-policy period if the restriction policy had not been implemented, which was then compared to actual consumption values to evaluate the effectiveness of the restriction policy.Results: During the pre-policy, there were seasonal trends of the total and oral antibiotic consumption through quarters, with higher consumption observed in the first and fourth quarters. In contrast, parenteral antibiotic consumption did not appear to follow a clear seasonal pattern. Following the restriction policy, there was a significant reduction in total and oral antibiotic use, with mean reductions of −96.9 DDDdq (p-value = 0.002) and −98 DDDdq (p-value = 0.002), respectively. Conversely, a significant increase in parenteral antibiotic consumption was observed with a mean increase of +1.4 DDDdq (p-value < 0.0001). The comparison between the forecasted and actual models showed that the actual antibiotics consumption for total, oral, and parenteral were lower than the corresponding forecasted values by 30%, 31%, and 34%, respectively.Conclusion: Overall, our analysis of antibiotics consumption from 2016 to 2020 displays great success for the policy implemented by the Saudi Ministry of Health in significantly reducing the total and oral use of antibiotics. However, future studies are needed to explore the increased consumption of the parenteral antibiotics as well as the persistent high consumption patterns during the fall and winter months even after the implementation of the restriction policy.

Published
2023
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40. Effect of Air Filter Pressure on Fuel Consumption and Cost of Gas Turbine in Southern Power Generation, Malaysia

Author

Fauzi, A. H., Sulaiman, M. Z., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Editorial Board Member, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Ismail, Muhammad Yusri, editor, Mohd Sani, Mohd Shahrir, editor, Kumarasamy, Sudhakar, editor, Hamidi, Mohd Adnin, editor, and Shaari, Mohd Shamil, editor

Published
2023
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41. Quenching Heat Transfer Characteristics of Copper Rod in Saturated and Various Subcooled Condition

Author

Zeol, H., Sulaiman, M. Z., Hui, H. Z., Ismail, H., Okawa, T., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Editorial Board Member, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Ismail, Muhammad Yusri, editor, Mohd Sani, Mohd Shahrir, editor, Kumarasamy, Sudhakar, editor, Hamidi, Mohd Adnin, editor, and Shaari, Mohd Shamil, editor

Published
2023
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42. Practice Patterns and Approach to Childhood Lupus Nephritis in Saudi Arabia

Author

Abdulaziz AlMutairi, Sulaiman M. Al-Mayouf, Jameela Kari, Emtenan Basahl, and Mohammed Nashawi

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Renal involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus needs aggressive treatment. Despite the development of multiple international guidelines, differences in practices exist. This study aimed to explore the current practices of pediatric rheumatologists and nephrologists for the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of lupus nephritis (LN) in Saudi Arabia through a survey. Among the 61 respondents, 54.1% were pediatric nephrologists and 49.9% were pediatric rheumatologists. Predominantly, the participating physicians received training either nationally (57%) or in North America (45%). Most of the respondents (77%) did not have a combined rheumatology-nephrology clinic, primarily because of space or time limitations (75%), or a lack of the other specialty (13%). In terms of the decision to request a renal biopsy, the most common factors were nephrotic-range proteinuria (85%) and a lower level of proteinuria associated with hypocomplementemia or elevated anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA (73%). There was marginal agreement over monitoring the disease’s activity and treatment response; Complements 3 and 4, anti-dsDNA, protein-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were the most popular parameters. The main reason for repeating a renal biopsy was a new renal manifestation that was inconsistent with the previous biopsy. There was considerable variability in the induction therapies used to initiate and taper corticosteroids and conventional immunosuppressive drugs. Most respondents (91%) used angiotensin-converting enzyme agents to control proteinuria. Considerable agreement exists among Saudi physicians managing children with LN but significant variations exist regarding the therapeutic strategies. Additional endeavors are needed to establish a unified national clinical approach for managing LN in children.

Published
2023
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43. Combined central retinal vein occlusion and cilioretinal artery occlusion as the initial presentation of frosted branch angiitis: a case report and literature review

Author

Abdullah Albahlal, Waleed Khayyat, and Sulaiman M. Alsulaiman

Subjects
Central retinal vein occlusion, Frosted branch angiitis, Cilioretinal artery occlusion, Uveitis, Behcet’s disease, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Abstract Purpose To report a case of combined central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) with cilioretinal artery occlusion (CLRAO) that heralded the development of frosted branch angiitis (FBA). Case report A 25-year-old healthy male presented with sudden painless visual loss in his left eye with a visual acuity (VA) of 20/300. Fundus exam and fluorescein angiography showed signs of combined CRVO and CLRAO. Without treatment, his vision gradually improved until it reached 20/30 within four months. Five months after initial presentation, he returned with severe visual loss (20/400) in the same eye and a clinical picture of severe occlusive periphlebitis resembling a frosted branch angiitis pattern associated with severe macular edema. This was promptly and successfully treated with systemic steroids and immunosuppressive medications. Conclusion CRVO in young population can have an unusual course and one should carefully rule out underlying uveitic etiologies in each visit. Clinical suspicion and close follow‑up are required for early detection and timely management of FBA.

Published
2023
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44. Development of more potent anti-microbial drugs from extracts of five medicinal plants resistant to S. aureus in human fluids: an ex vivo and in vivo analysis

Author

Assiri, Rasha, Alharbi, Nada Abdullah, Alsaeed, Thamir Saad, Al Abdulmonem, Waleed, Hershan, Almonther Abdullah, Alghamdi, Rana Abdullah, Aljohani, Abdullah S. M., Alkhorayef, Nada, Almatroudi, Ahmad, Allemailem, Khaled S., Alkhalil, Samia S., AL-surhanee, Ameena A., Al-Ghamdi, Mariam S., Alkhudhairy, Basal Sulaiman M., and M. Almohaimeed, Hailah

Published
2023
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50. Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in imported meat products from Saudi Arabian ports in 2017

Author

Meshari Ahmed Alhadlaq, Mohammed I. Mujallad, and Sulaiman M. I. Alajel

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen, which causes various health conditions in humans, including fatigue, nausea, bloody diarrhoea and in some cases, even death. In 2017, 15.71% of the total imported food products in Saudi Arabia (SA) were meat-based. India and Brazil are two of the top five countries from where SA imports meat. According to the Saudi Food and Drug Authority, in 2017, at least 562, 280, and 50 samples of imported beef, chicken and sheep meat, respectively, were tested for the presence of E. coli O157:H7. Amongst these, E. coli O157:H7 was detected in respectively 6.80% and 2.20% of the tested beef meat samples imported from India and Brazil as well as in respectively 6.96% and 3.57% of the tested chicken samples imported from Brazil and Ukraine. Moreover, the pathogen was detected in 2.13% of the tested sheep meat samples imported from India. The present report provides evidence that imported meat can serve as the carrier of E. coli O157:H7, which may lead to epidemics within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Published
2023
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