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【Objective】 Water evaporation is influenced by many factors, besides meteorological factors, salinity also has an important effect on it. The aim of this paper is to study its impact on water evaporation in coastal saline-alkali land. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted by setting a salinity gradient ranging from 1 to 20 g/L from May to October in 2018. Evaporation from water with different salinity was measured using a in-house 20 cm evaporation pan, and the correlation between meteorological factors and the evaporation was determined by gray relational analysis. 【Result】 ①Increasing water salinity increased water surface tension, thereby leading to a decrease in water evaporation. The cumulative evaporation with 1 g/L of saline water over the experimental period increased by 97.66 mm compared with that with 20 g/L of saline water. ②Evaporation was positively correlated with radiation intensity (R), wind speed (Ws), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and air temperature (Ta), while negatively correlated with relative humidity (RH), atmospheric pressure (Pr) and Salinity (S). ③Among all factors we compared, R affected the evaporation from the coastal saline-alkali land more. We also found that Ws and VPD affected the evaporation on sunny and cloudy days. 【Conclusion】 Increase in water salinity increased water surface tension, resulting in a decrease in water evaporation. Compared with water salinity, the meteorological factors affected the evaporation more, especially the radiation intensity.

【Objective】 The purpose of the study is to determine the appropriate irrigation water salinity threshold for winter wheat. Correlation analysis was conducted to find out the important growth, physiological and biochemical indexes related to wheat yield under different saline water irrigation. 【Method】 The pots experiment was conducted in 2019/20 season with two winter wheat varieties of SM22 and XY60 and four irrigation water salinities of 1 g/L, 3 g/L, 5g/L and 7 g/L. Irrigation water salinity with 1 g/L was taken as the control (CK). During the experiment, we measured the changes in yield, of wheat, as well as its physiological and biochemical traits in each treatment. 【Result】 The yield of both wheat varieties decreased as irrigation water salinity increased though at different rates. Compared with the CK, irrigating with saline water at concentration of 3, 5 and 7 g/L reduced the yield of SM22 by 3.23%, 24.19% and 51.61% respectively, and the yield of XY60 by 9.88%, 35.80% and 51.85% respectively. In terms of plant traits, increasing irrigation water salinity reduced the spike number and 1 000-kernel weight, plant height, flag leaf area, above- and below-ground biomasses, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content (SPAD) of the flag leaf, K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+ and Mg2+/Na+ ratios in the leaves during grain-filling stage. All these reductions were at significant level. In contrast, it increased the proline content and Na+ content in leaves during the grain-filling period at significant level. In all treatments, the wheat yields were to be positively correlated to the following traits at significant level (p

Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Both xanthogranuloma and xanthoma clinically manifest as yellowish skin lesions. Historically, the gold standard for diagnosis was skin histopathological examination. Currently, the advent of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) offers additional diagnostic support for these diseases by revealing their microscopic features, thereby enhancing the theoretical foundation for diagnosis.This study aimed to elucidate the distinctive characteristics of RCM images in xanthogranuloma and xanthoma, assess their diagnostic value, and investigate the relationship between RCM and histopathological features, ultimately boosting diagnostic accuracy.RCM and histopathological examinations were conducted on 13 patients with xanthogranuloma and 12 with xanthoma, recruited from our Dermatology Clinic between August 2022 and November 2023. The study involved analyzing RCM image features and correlating them with histopathological findings.The RCM images of 13 xanthogranuloma and 12 xanthoma cases showed similar features. Xanthogranuloma predominantly exhibited epidermal atrophy and thinning in 6 cases (46.15%). Additionally, in 69.23% of cases, scattered small mononuclear inflammatory cells were infiltrated in the superficial and middle dermis layers. Medium to high refractive cells, predominantly vacuolated and resembling foam, were observed in 61.54% of cases. All cases demonstrated high refractive cells with distinct target‐shaped, disc‐shaped, horseshoe‐like, and flower‐ring structures. Concordance rates with histopathological examinations were 69.23, 92.31, 92.31, and 100%, respectively. Regarding xanthoma, epidermal atrophy and thinning occurred in two cases (16.67%), and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in 25% of cases. High refractive cells with the previously mentioned shapes were present in 100% of cases, though only 16.67% displayed these characteristics exclusively. The concordance rates were 66.67, 91.67, 100, and 91.67%, respectively.RCM imaging of xanthogranuloma and xanthoma presents distinctive, highly consistent features with their histopathology, offering valuable insights for clinicians in diagnosing and differentiating these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: reflection confocal microscope; scabies EN reflection confocal microscope scabies 1 3 3 02/27/23 20230201 NES 230201 Scabies is an infectious skin disease caused by scabies mites parasitic on the skin. In these microscopic features, it is highly specific to find scabies mites, scabies eggs, or dung ball structures for the diagnosis of scabies, and scabies can be diagnosed when one of the three is found under skin CT. Direct microscopic examination or biopsy to find scabies mites, eggs, or fecal balls is the gold standard for the diagnosis of scabies. [Extracted from the article]