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Mandarin Chinese allows so-called zero-change (failed-attempt) construals of causative monomorphemic verbs when the subject refers to an agent. However, while for nongradable causative simple verbs, this reading is generally available only when the verb is modified by a cardinality adverbial (e.g., liˇang c`ı ‘twice’), with gradable causative simple verbs, the zero-change reading is readily available even in the absence of a cardinality adverbial, though the presence of such an adverbial does indeed facilitate it. We account for this puzzle by arguing that the source of non-culmination differs for gradable vs. non-gradable causative simple verbs: it lies in the partitive semantics of perfective le for non-gradable causative verbs, and/or the degree argument tracking the degree of event realization for gradable causative verbs., Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 25 (2021): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 25

Intelligent manufacturing refers to the comprehensive modern social market economy development trend, and the use of intelligent technology to replace the traditional manual technology can achieve full automation and full network production process. With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing and the transformation of production methods, the requirements for motors used in intelligent manufacturing equipment are becoming higher and higher. As the key basic equipment of industrial manufacturing production, motors are widely used in various industrial production fields and manufacturing industries. Realizing the monitoring of motor health status is the key to ensuring the safe and continuous progress of manufacturing and production processes. The development and software design of portable industrial vibration and noise signal intelligent analyzers are of great significance to the motor diagnosis technology of intelligent manufacturing equipment.

Based on the OBE concept and promoting education with science, this paper organically combines the drilling innovative test in metal processing with the mechanical professional knowledge, and expounds in detail the application of four-way piezoelectric drilling dynamometer in the transverse cutting vibration test of drill bit through the design of simulation test platform.

Buildings need energy including heat and electricity, and both of them can be provided by the solar systems. Solar thermal and photovoltaic systems absorb the solar energy and can supply the heat and electricity for buildings, respectively. However, for the urban residential buildings, the limited available area makes installation of the solar thermal collectors and photovoltaic modules together impossible. A hybrid photovoltaic/thermal system can simultaneously generate heat and electricity, which is deemed to be quite suitable for the urban residential buildings application. And yet, for a rural house of China, the available area for installation of the solar collectors is large but daily domestic hot water demand of a rural family is generally not exceeded 300 L. If only the hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collectors are installed on the whole available area, this will lead to an overproduction of the thermal energy, especially in summer. Moreover, buildings requiring for the heat and electricity are different in different regions and different seasons. In this paper, simulation models of the solar thermal, photovoltaic and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems are presented, and experiments are also performed to validate the simulation results. Using the validated models, performances of the three solar systems for residential applications were predicted. And energy comparison between the three solar systems used in Hongkong, Lhasa, Shanghai and Beijing of China, respectively, were also studied. Results show that, for the urban residential building with limited available installation space, a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal system may have the largest potential for reducing the energy consumption among the solar thermal, photovoltaic and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems. And for a rural house with large available area, system with photovoltaic and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal modules can obtained the most net annual electricity output, and the installation area of the hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collectors mainly depended on the hot water load of the building.

The heat-pipe solar water heating (HP-SWH) system and the heat-pipe photovoltaic/thermal (HP-PV/T) system are two practical solar systems, both of which use heat pipes to transfer heat. By selecting appropriate working fluid of the heat-pipes, these systems can be used in the cold region without being frozen. However, performances of these two solar systems are different because the HP-PV/T system can simultaneously provide electricity and heat, whereas the HP-SWH system provides heat only. In order to understand these two systems, this work presents a mathematical model for each system to study their one-day and annual performances. One-day simulation results showed that the HP-SWH system obtained more thermal energy and total energy than the HP-PV/T system while the HP-PV/T system achieved higher exergy efficiency than the HP-SWH system. Annual simulation results indicated that the HP-SWH system can heat the water to the available temperature (45°C) solely by solar energy for more than 121 days ...