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Developing wearable sensors with high conductivity, stretchability, self-healing ability and good mechanical properties remains a considerable challenge. Aimed at addressing this problem, a novel strategy is proposed by constructing electronic conductive networks (MXene nanosheets) in an ionic conductive matrix (a polymerizable deep eutectic solvent). The AC conductivity at different frequencies indicated that the dual conductive networks were formed when the loading of the MXene reached 0.2 wt%. The formation of dual conductive networks was beneficial to the conductive properties and mechanical properties. The prepared sensor exhibited excellent sensing performance, such as high sensitivity, reliability and stretchability. Furthermore, the sensor had good self-healing ability due to many hydrogen bonding interactions between the PDES and MXene. The self-healing efficiency reached 75.2% for tensile strength and 87.1% for elongation at break when kept at 60 °C and 10% humidity for 4 h. Besides its excellent sensing performance, the sensor also had other advantages, such as anti-freezing at −20 °C, good adhesion with various substrates, and complete recyclability in water. The prepared sensor was successfully used in motion detection of human bodies and easily distinguished the motion of walking, jogging and running by the peak intensity, peak shape and frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the strength and life of the spiral drilling machine,and reduce the weight of the drill pipe,it took the spiral drill pipe of the spiral drilling machine as the research object. On the condition of meeting the strength requirement,it selected the weight of the drill pipe to be the lightest as the optimization goal. The solid optimization model was established in the software of Pro/E. The strength analysis was proceeded in the software of ANSYS Workbench based on finite element method,as the result it selected the thickness of the drill pipe and blade,height,helix angle as the optimizing parameters by observing the stress nephogram to optimize the structure parameters of the drill pipe. The result indicates that the strength of the spiral drilling machine has improved obviously,the stress is reduced by 15. 8% and the weight is reduced by6. 4%. The life of the drill pipe has been extended.

In order to improve the drilling efficiency and reduce the weight of the anchor recycling equipment,it took spiral drill pipe of the anchor recycling equipment as the research object,by selecting the inner and outer diameter of the drill pipe,blade thickness,pitch,helix angle,speed,blade number and blade height as the optimizing parameters. It chosen the highest efficiency in transport,the lightest in weight and the highest rate in secondary crushing as the ideal goal of the drill pipe optimization,the result indicates that the drilling efficiency is increased by 31. 4%,the weight is reduced by 12. 7% and the secondary crushing rate is increased by 48. 7% based on particle swarm optimization. The efficiency of the recovering has been improved,and the wear-resisting degree and intensity of the spiral pipe have been enhanced.

Here, we report a multifunctional superhydrophobic material achieved through the in situ growth of micro-nano-SiO2 particles from the surface of a preswollen silicone rubber sheet by sol–gel methods. The contact angles of the sheets reached 162°. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs showed that 0.8–1 μm SiO2 microspheres grew in situ on the surface of the silicone rubber sheets. The microspheres had 30–70 nm nanoscale bulges on their surfaces that formed micro-nano-structures, like a "lotus leaf". The sizes of the micro-SiO2 particles and nanobulges were both controllable. The superhydrophobic sheets showed excellent water repellency and self-cleaning performance and exhibited satisfactory durability against mechanical abrasion, rubbing, bending, and long-term underwater storage. The mechanical robustness was attributed to a thick micro-nano-SiO2 layer formed on the surface instead of a monolayer hydrophobic coating. The superhydrophobic rubber sheets were not fluorinated, demonstrated robustness and elasticity, were easy to prepare, and were expected to provide unique advantages for a wide range of applications in biomedicine, energy and electronic devices. Highlights: A multi-performance superhydrophobic rubber sheet is prepared. Superhydrophobicity is achieved by growing lotus-like structure on cured rubber. Morphologies of the lotus-like structure are controllable. Superhydrophobic sheets have good durability against various mechanical damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was swollen by NaOH aqueous solution and was incompletely dried to form a thin layer of NaOH solution around it. This NaOH layer was used as a 'microreactor' to prepare the MCC-SiO hybrid filler by generating SiO particles on the MCC surface when tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was used as a precursor. The effects of the TEOS amounts on the morphologies and loading ratio of the MCC-SiO hybrid filler were studied. The results showed that SiO particles or SiO coating were loaded uniformly onto the MCC surface and the SiO particles' morphologies, and loading ratios of can be controlled by the amount of TEOS. The MCC-SiO hybrid fillers were later used in silica/SSBR compounds to replace a fraction of the silica, and their effects on the physico-mechanical and dynamic properties were discussed. The results showed that the vulcanizates with MCC-SiO hybrid filler exhibited improved physico-mechanical and dynamic properties relative to the control sample, and their compression heat build-up was also clearly reduced. The SEM photos of vulcanizates showed that the interface adhesion between MCC-SiO and the rubber matrix was improved and furthermore the sizes of MCC-SiO were decreased in situ during rubber processing. Graphical abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was hybridized with nano-SiO2 to improve its interaction with a rubber matrix. The hybrids (MCC-SiO2) were prepared with the 'microreactor' and 'sol-gel' technologies, using MCC as the carrier and tetraethoxysilane as the precursor. The structure and morphology of the hybrids were studied by infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the nano-SiO2 had been loaded successfully on the surface of the MCC with a loading ratio of approximately 30%. The nano-SiO2 can take on the morphologies of particles, tubes, or rods by controlling the size of the 'microreactor'. The hybrids were then used in silica/SSBR compounds to replace part of the silica, and their effects on the physio-mechanical and dynamic properties were discussed. The results showed that the vulcanizates with the hybrids had improved physio-mechanical and dynamic properties. The vulcanizates of MCC-SiO2 also had a higher wet-skid resistance and a lower rolling resistance than did the silica vulcanizates when they were used in tire tread compounds. The SEM photos showed that the interfacial adhesion between the MCC and rubber was improved. The size of the MCC hybrids was also in situ decreased during the processing of the rubber compounds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44796. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease on soybean throughout the world. Utilization of resistance varieties is the most economical and environmentally safe method for controlling the disease. Up to now,21 resistance genes have been identified in soybean. However,only a few genes,such as Rpslc and Rpslk,were effectively resistant to populations of P. sojae in China,so to mine new resistance genes is necessary for the disease. Soybean cultivar ' Dafangliuyuezao ' has broad spectrum resistance to P. sojae, and is an elite resistance source for Phytophthora root rot of soybean. [Methods] A population of F2:3 lines derived from the cross of ' Dafangliuyuezao' x ' Aijiaozao' was developed for resistance genetic analysis and resistance gene mapping. Using hypocotyl inoculation method at the seedling stage in the glasshouse, the reaction to P. sojae isolate AH( virulence type 2,3a,3b,4,5), in 156 F2:3 lines were identified. [ Results] The segregation ratio in the population fit into 1:2:1 for homozygous resistant,segregating and homozygous susceptible,showing that the resistance of ' Dafangliuyuezao' to P. sojae strain AH is controlled by a single dominant gene,with the temporary name of RpsAH. On the basis of linkage analysis with SSR markers, RpsAH was located on molecular linkage group N,and flanked by Sat_166 with genetic distances 4.1 cM. [ Conclusions] The resistance to Phytophthora root rot is controlled by a single dominant gene,and the resistance gene RpsAH in' Dafangliuyuezao' was mapped on molecular linkage group N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Root-knot nematode (RKN) disease is a major disease of tobacco worldwide, which seriously hinders the improvement of tobacco yield and quality. Obvious veinal necrosis-hypersensitive responses are observed only in RKN-resistant lines infected by Potyvirus Y (PVY) M S N R , making this an effective approach to screen for RKN-resistant tobacco. RNA-seq analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and functional enrichment analysis were conducted to gain insight into the transcription dynamics difference between G28 (RKN-resistant) and CBH (RKN-susceptible) varieties infected with PVY M S N R . Results showed that a total of 7900, 10576, 9921, 11530 and 12531 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two varieties at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 d after infection, respectively. DEGs were associated with plant hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis-related metabolic pathways. Additional DEGs related to starch and sucrose metabolism, energy production, and the indole-3-acetic acid signaling pathway were induced in CBH plants after infection. DEGs related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and jasmonic acid signaling pathway were induced in G28 after infection. Our findings reveal DEGs that may contribute to differences in PVY M S N R resistance among tobacco varieties. These results help us to understand the differences in transcriptional dynamics and metabolic processes between RKN-resistant and RKN-susceptible varieties involved in tobacco-PVY M S N R interaction., Competing Interests: Authors SX, JS, and ZZ are employed by the College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Henan, Ministry of Agriculture. Author PT is employed by China Tobacco Jiangsu Industry Co, Ltd. Xuzhou Cigarette Factory. Authors ZJ, XC, and BL are employed by China Tobacco Zhejiang Industry Co, Ltd., (Copyright © 2023 Xu, Tian, Jiang, Chen, Li, Sun and Zhang.)