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Biological thiols play essential roles in life activities. Detection and differentiation of different biothiols is of crucial need in biomedical research and diagnostics. Herein, a novel fluorescent sensor array was constructed to discriminate six kinds of biothiols including Cysteine (Cys), N-acetylcystein (NAC), 2-mercaptoethanol (MCE), Homocysteine (Hcy), Glutathione (GSH), and Glutathione disulfide (GSSG) simultaneously. This sensor array was fabricated by using three kinds of metal ions (i.e., Fe3+, Ni2+, and Cu2+)–N-CDs pairs. The N-CDs were synthesized with urea as nitrogen sources and folic acid as carbon sources via a simple microwave approach. Based on the competitive interactions of N-CDs with metal ions and thiols, the sensor array exhibits diverse fluorescence intensity response patterns, six thiols could be effectively and simultaneously differentiated in a wide concentration range (≧50 μM) by principal component analysis (PCA). Morover, double-blind samples of biothiols were recognized with 97.2% accuracy through linear discrimination analysis (LDA). More importantly, the sensor array showed good practicability in complex media such as fetal bovine serum, demonstrating this proposed sensor array held a great potential for the identification of biological thiols in real samples. Schematic illustration of the design and fabrication process for the fluorescent sensor array for the detection and discrimination of thiols. Image 1 • A novel sensor array was fabricated based on N-CDs-metal ions pairs. • Six biothiols was successfully discriminated by the sensor array. • Sensor array showed good anti-interference performance in complex media. • The sensor array provides a promising approach for biothiols detection in real biological samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• EPPVA-grafted-PANI (EPPVA-g-PANI) were prepared by graft polymerization. • The balance between phosphorylation, grafting reaction and properties were explored. • EPPVA-g-PANI displayed better compatibility with waterborne alkyd resin (WAR). • WAR/EPPVA-g-PANI showed enhanced long-term corrosion resistance. Phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PPVA) was demonstrated to be more effective to improve the dispersion stability of polyaniline (PANI). Phosphate groups also can improve corrosion resistance, but they may spatially interfere with graft reaction of PANI onto PPVA. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the balance between phosphorylation degree, graft reaction and composite performance. Here, EPPVA-grafted-PANI (EPPVA-g-PANI) dispersions were prepared by chemical grafting polymerization of aniline on the epichlorohydrin modified PPVA (EPPVA) with different degree of phosphorylation (DP). It was found that DP has a considerable effect on microstructure, rheological behaviors, as well as the compatibility between EPPVA and PANI. Enhanced interactions and compatibility were demonstrated for EPPVA-g-PANI-8.00 %, resulting in the increase of tensile strength from 26.84 to 38.62 MPa. As-prepared EPPVA-g-PANI dispersions can be directly blended with waterborne alkyd resins (WAR) without complex post-process to fabricate high-performance WAR/EPPVA-g-PANI nanocomposites. Compared with WAR, the impedance modulus of WAR/EPPVA-g-PANI increased from 8.81×104 to 3.03×1010 Ω·cm2, corrosion current density decreased to 3.02×10−8 from 1.78×10−6 A·cm−2. Additionally, only one time constant was detected after 480 h immersion, further demonstrating excellent long-term corrosion resistance for WAR/EPPVA-g-PANI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speculative multithreading (SpMT) is a thread-level automatic parallelization technique to accelerate sequential programs. Machine learning has been successfully brought into SpMT to improve its performance. An appropriate sample set, which plays the role of knowledge provider, is important for machine learning-based (ML-based) thread partition. Conventionally, heuristic rules-based (HR-based) sample generation approach cannot generate adaptive samples. A hybrid sample generation approach can break this bottleneck. With this method, we firstly automatically generate samples, which are MIPS codes consisting of spawning points (SPs) and control quasi-independent points (CQIPs) by heuristic rules; secondly manually adjust the positions of SPs and CQIPs and rebuild pre-computation slice to obtain better performance for every sample; and then build model to ensure that the probability of adjusting to the optimal partition positions is increasing. During the implementation of this approach, three measures: bias weighting, preservation of optimal solutions, summary of greedy rules, are taken. In this way, we enhance the adjustment frequency for subroutines with high called time and preserve the optimal partition positions, so to achieve a stable speedup improvement. On Prophet, which is a generic SpMT processor to evaluate the performance of multithreaded programs, SPEC2000 and Olden benchmarks are used as input. Experiments show that our approach can obtain better sample sets, which deliver a better performance improvement of about 86.9% on a 16 core than the samples generated by HR-based approach. Experiment results also prove that this approach is effective to generate sample sets for ML-based thread partition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the most promising candidates for all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries and sodium-metal batteries, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and amorphous hexafluoropropylene (HFP) copolymerized polymer solid electrolytes still suffer from a relatively low room temperature ionic conductivity. To modify the properties of PVDF-HEP copolymer electrolytes, we introduce the graphitic C3N4 (g−C3N4) nanosheets as a novel nanofiller to form g−C3N4 composite solid polymer electrolytes (CSPEs). The analysis shows that the g−C3N4 filler can not only modify the structure in g−C3N4CSPEs by reducing the crystallinity, compared to the PVDF−HFP solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), but also promote a further dissociation with the sodium salt through interaction between the surface atoms of the g−C3N4 and the sodium salt. As a result, enhanced electrical properties such as ionic conductivity, Na+ transference number, mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite electrolyte can be observed. In particular, a low Na deposition/dissolution overpotential of about 100 mV at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 was found after 160 cycles with the incorporation of g−C3N4. By applying the g−C3N4 CSPEs in the sodium-metal battery with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the coin cell battery exhibits a lower polarization voltage at 90 mV, and a stable reversible capacity of 93 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to enhance the electrochemical performance and mechanical properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes, composite solid electrolytes (CSE) composed of single-ion conducting polymer-modified SiO2, PEO and lithium salt were prepared and used in lithium-ion batteries in this work. The pyridyl disulfide terminated polymer (py-ss-PLiSSPSI) is synthesized through RAFT polymerization, then grafted onto SiO2 via thiol-disulfide exchange reaction between SiO2-SH and py-ss-PLiSSPSI. The chemical structure, surface morphology and elemental distribution of the as-prepared polymer and the PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles have been investigated. Moreover, CSEs containing 2, 6, and 10 wt% PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles (PLi-g-SiCSEs) are fabricated and characterized. The compatibility of the PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles and the PEO can be effectively improved owing to the excellent dispersibility of the functionalized nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, which promotes the comprehensive performances of PLi-g-SiCSEs. The PLi-g-SiCSE-6 exhibits the highest ionic conductivity (0.22 mS·cm−1) at 60 °C, a large tLi+ of 0.77, a wider electrochemical window of 5.6 V and a rather good lithium plating/stripping performance at 60 °C, as well as superior mechanical properties. Hence, the CSEs containing single-ion conducting polymer modified nanoparticles are promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most critical challenges for commercialization of sodium-ion battery (SIB) is to develop carbon anodes with high capacity and good rate performance. Graphene would be an excellent SIB anode candidate due to its success in various kinds of batteries. Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method is an inexpensive, facile and potentially scalable method to produce less-defected graphene sheets. In this work, we developed an improved, dispersant-assisted LPE method to produce graphene composite materials from raw graphite with high yield and better quality for SIB anode. Here, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a green dispersant/stabilizer for LPE, a "spacer" for anti-restacking, as well as a carbon precursor in the composite. As a result, the carbonized BC (CBC)/LPE graphene (LEGr) presented improved performance compared to composite with graphene prepared by Hummers method. It exhibited a specific capacity of 233 mAh g−1 at a current density of 20 mA g−1, and 157 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at a high current density of 100 mA g−1 with capacity retention rate of 87.73%. This method not only provides new insight in graphene composites preparation, but also takes a new step in the exploration of anode materials for sodium-ion batteriesSIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A scalable and cost-effective production method of g-C3N4 coating is put forward. • The excited electrons can unidirectionally transferred from g-C3N4 to metal. • The excited electron can suppress the consumption of free electrons and remove rust. • The anti-corrosion mechanism of g-C3N4 is summarized via calculation and experiment. • g-C3N4 coating has superior long-term and remote anti-corrosion properties. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) has been considered as a candidate for anti-corrosion material owing to its barrier property and photoelectrochemical cathodic protection. However, the related mechanisms remain obscure and are not fundamentally investigated. Herein, g-C 3 N 4 coating on Q235 CS plate matrix can be simply made via conductive adhesive, which helps to achieve scalable production and high cost-effectiveness. It can also ensure the unidirectional transfer of excited electrons from g-C 3 N 4 to metal to prevent the consumption of free electrons on metal and reduce Fe 2 O 3 onto Fe. During the photocatalytic anti-corrosion process, the electron holes were simultaneously consumed via oxidizing water to achieve the balance between electron and hole transport. By combining theoretical calculation and experimental analysis, the anti-corrosion mechanisms of g-C 3 N 4 were systematically investigated. g-C 3 N 4 displayed superior long-term and remote anti-corrosion properties, especially for remote and difficult-to-reach areas, which will make it become a new generation of anti-corrosion 2D material with promising performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we aimed to enhance the anticorrosion performance of composite coatings by introducing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-grafted graphene oxide surfaces. These surfaces were modified to achieve super-hydrophobicity and a self-fixing effect. The modified material was employed to enhance the corrosion resistance of fluorinated polyimide (FPI) composite coatings composed of graphene oxide (GO) grafted by POSS (POSS-GO). The resulting composite coating exhibited substantially improved corrosion resistance compared to a pure FPI coating. The impedance modulus (|Z| 0.01 Hz) of the 0.3 wt% FPI/POSS-GO coating was approximately 2.57 × 1011 Ω·cm2, which was greater than that of the pure FPI coating by approximately five orders of magnitude. The enhanced performance can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between the intrinsically hydrophobic polyimide matrix polymer, which acts as a barrier, and the POSS-GO fillers with their superhydrophobic and self-fixing characteristics. Notably, these properties remained effective even after subjecting the coatings to a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution during a 45-day salt spray test. These findings have significant implications for the development of cost-effective anticorrosion coatings for metal substrates. In this study, we successfully developed a 0.3wt%FPI/POSS-GO composite coating by spraying method, and cured upon high-temperature thermal imidization. Furthermore, the |Z| 0.01 Hz value of 0.3wt%FPI/POSS-GO coating was 1.14 × 1011 Ω·cm2, after a 45-day neutral salt corrosion test. The excellent corrosion resistance of the composite coatings was attributed to the improved barrier property provided by the well-dispersed POSS-GO with self-fixing and hydrophobicity. Last but not least, we could boldly predict that this is a long-term corrosion resistant coating that can be applied in complex service environments, such as marine, alternating wet and dry. [Display omitted] • A fluorinated polyimide-based super anti-corrosion coating was prepared. • An appropriate amount of POSS-GO effectively improved the compactness and heat resistance of the coating. • The self-fixing effect of POSS-GO promotes its dispersion stability in FPI resins, providing better barrier performance. • The FPI/POSS-GO composite coating holds great potential for long-term corrosion protection. • Anti-corrosion mechanisms of the coatings were revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ecofriendly waterborne alkyd coatings generally compromise the coating performance. Incorporation of polyaniline into alkyd to form nanocomposites can improve the corrosion resistance; however, the uniform distribution of polyaniline (PANI) within the alkyd resin remains a challenge. In this work, PANI is grafted onto epoxy functionalized phosphorylated poly (vinyl alcohol) (PPVA) with different side-chain configurations in order to improve compatibility and dispersion stability. These functionalized PPVA are synthesized using epichlorohydrin (ECIP) or γ-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as modifying agents, and respectively labeled as E-PPVA and G-PPVA. G-PPVA/PANI dispersion is stable even at a high PANI loading of 50%, while the maximum PANI loading for E-PPVA/PANI is only 30%. With the incorporation of G-PPVA/PANI into waterborne alkyd resins (AR), the coating resistance is increased by 7 orders of magnitude, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency is up to 99.9%. The coating with the incorporation of G-PPVA/PANI also demonstrates superior long-term corrosion resistance in comparison with that AR/E-PPVA/PANI nanocomposite coating. • PANI is grafted onto epoxy functionalized PPVA with different side-chain. • Compatibility and dispersion stability between PANI and PVA increased. • Improved the uniform distribution of PANI within the alkyd resin • The coating resistance is increased by 7 orders of magnitude. • The corrosion inhibition efficiency is up to 99.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • The dispersion of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) in polymer matrix was improved. • In situ incorporation of titanate functionalized RGO into polymer was used. • Isopropyl tri(diotylpyrophosphate) titanate (T3) was a good modifier for RGO. • The compatibility and interaction between T3-RGO and polymer were improved. • The one-component coating displayed excellent long-term corrosion resistance. Abstract Achieving a uniform dispersion of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets in waterborne polymer matrix remains a challenge. Here, we significantly improved the dispersion stability of RGO in a polymer matrix through functionalizing RGO with titanate coupling agent of different dendritic structure. Titanate coupling agents of two branched dioctylpyrophosphate (T2) and three branched dioctylpyrophosphate (T3) were used. Rather than simply blending graphene with polymer matrix, functionalized graphene (T2-RGO or T3-RGO) was introduced into the reaction system with monomers to participate in the polymerization; resulting in improved compatibility and interaction between the graphene and polymer, especially for T3-RGO. One-component waterborne poly (urethane-acrylate) nanocomposite coatings (WPUA/T2G or WPUA/T3G) were then obtained. The particle size of WPUA/T3G colloidal particle size is much smaller than that of WPUA/T2G, the colloidal stability was also increased with the incorporation of T3-RGO. Compared with pure WPUA, the tensile strength of WPUA/T3G nanocomposite increased from 17.78 MPa to 40.01 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 249% to 424%. The tensile strength and elongation at break of WPUA/T2G were 32.01 MPa and 366%, which were inferior to that of WPUA/T3G. Moreover, in comparison with pure WPUA, the impedance modulus of WPUA/T3G increased from 1.12 × 105 Ω.cm2 to 1.15 × 108 Ω.cm2, the coating resistance of WPUA/T3G increased from 8.41 × 104 Ω.cm2 to 1.39 × 108 Ω.cm2, which was also much higher than the impedance modulus (6.93 × 106 Ω.cm2) and coating resistance (7.31 × 106 Ω.cm2) of WPUA/T2G. WPUA/T3G nanocomposite coating exhibited excellent long-term corrosion resistance, being superior to the previously reported performance of solventborne polyurethane/graphene composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Gemini surfactant (GS) is used to modify graphene oxide/polyaniline (GGO/PANI). • GS is more effective than cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. • GGO/PANI has better dispersion and compatibility in waterborne alkyd (WAR). • GGO/PANI/WAR nanocomposite film is more uniform. • GGO/PANI/WAR coating has reinforced long-term anti-corrosive property. Graphene oxide/polyaniline (GO/PANI) has been demonstrated to be an effective anti-corrosive nanofiller in polymer matrix, however, its hydrophobility restricts its application in waterborne polymer coatings. Here, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cationic gemini surfactant (GS) with the same constitutional unit as CTAB were adopted to fabricate CTAB modified GO/PANI (CGO/PANI) and GS modified GO/PANI (GGO/PANI). The incorporation of GS not only increased the intercalation degree of GO nanosheets but also functionalized as dopant to improve the electrochemical properties of PANI. The dispersibility and compatibility of GGO/PANI in waterborne alkyd resin (WAR) were also higher than that of CGO/PANI, resulting in the formation of more uniform nanocomposite coating. Compared with pure WAR, the coating resistance of GGO/PANI/WAR increased by 4 orders of magnitude, the corrosion density decreased by 3 orders of magnitude and the corrosion potential shifted from −0.72 V to −0.28 V. GGO/PANI/WAR also displayed enhanced long-term anti-corrosive properties in comparison with CGO/PANI/WAR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous enhancement of conductivity and mechanical properties for polyaniline/polymer nanocomposite still remains a big challenge. Here, a reverse approach via in situ polymerization (RIP) of vinyl monomers in waterborne polyaniline dispersion was raised to prepare conductive polyaniline (GPANI)/polyacrylate (PMB) interpenetrating polymer (GPANI-PMB) nanocomposite. GPANI/PMB physical blend was simultaneously prepared as reference. The conductive GPANI-PMB nanocomposite film with compact pomegranate-shape morphology is homogeneous, ultraflexible and mechanically strong. With incorporating a considerable amount of PMB into GPANI via the RIP method, only a slight decrease from 3.21 to 2.80 S/cm was detected for the conductivity of GPANI-PMB, while the tensile strength significantly increased from 25 to 43.5 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 40% to 234%. The water absorption of GPANI-PMB3 after 72 h immersion decreased from 24.68% to 10.35% in comparison with GPANI, which is also higher than that of GPANI/PMB. The conductivity and tensile strength of GPANI-PMB were also much higher than that of GPANI/PMB (0.006 S/cm vs. 5.59 MPa). Moreover, the conductivity of GPANI-PMB remained almost invariable after folding 200 times, while that of GPANI/PMB decreased by almost half. This RIP approach should be applicable for preparing conventional conductive polymer nanocomposite with high conductivity, high strength and high flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Reduced graphene (RGO) was functionalized by polyisocyanate with isocyanurate-ring. • Polyisocyanate (Tri-HDI) can more effectively exfoliate RGO and improve its dispersibility. • Modified RGO adsorbed on colloidal particles can stabilize nanocomposite emulsion. • Excellent tensile strength and water resistance were simultaneously achieved. • The nanocomposite coating possessed prominent long-term anticorrosion properties. Diisocyanates functionalized graphene nanosheets with high level exfoliation have been demonstrated as effective anticorrosion fillers in waterborne polymer coatings. However, diisocyanates can cause potential environmental and health hazard. Here, we propose to use polyiscocyanate (Tri-HDI) with an isocyanurate-ring structure yet low volatility and toxicity, to functionalize reduced graphene (RGO). Compared with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), the incorporation of Tri-HDI simultaneously increased the exfoliation degree and the dispersibility of RGO. The reactivity between Tri-HDI and GO was also enhanced, resulting in the increase of graft ratio. The addition of Tri-HDI-RGO (Tri-HDIG) was able to improve the colloidal stability of waterborne epoxy resin (ER), as well as the interaction and compatibility between Tri-HDIG and ER. The tensile strength of ER/Tri-HDIG thereby increased from 50.1 MPa to 81.8 MPa, and the water absorption decreased from 18.0 % to 5.90 %. The long-term corrosion resistance of ER/Tri-HDIG also got significant improvement, its impedance modulus increased by 5 orders of magnitude compared to pure ER coating. The broad applicability of Tri-HDIG as functional nanofiller in polymer matrixes has been confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The chemical structure of titanate affected its intercalation in graphene (RGO). • The hydrophilic chelated titanate (T) more effectively improved the dispersion of RGO. • T modified RGO can improve the initial impedance modulus and coating resistance. • Non-chelated titanate modified RGO favored the long-term anticorrosion property. • Building a balance between the dispersion and chemical resistance of RGO is crucial. Hydrophilic functionalization of reduced graphene (RGOs) is able to improve its dispersibility in aqueous polymer. However, the influence of hydrophilic segments on the chemical resistance of RGOs/polymer nanocomposites keeps indistinct. Here, we prepared RGOs functionalized with hydrophilic chelated titanate (TA) and non-chelated titanate (T), named as TARGOs and TRGOs, respectively. The intercalation reaction mechanism between titanate and GO was elucidated. The presence of hydrophilic triethanolamine in titanate had little impact on the structural disorder of RGOs, but can effectively improve the exfoliation degree and the dispersibility of functionalized RGOs in waterborne alkyd resin (WAAR). The water resistance and thermal stability of TARGOs/WAAR were inferior to that of TRGOs/WAAR. The initial impedance modulus and coating resistance of TARGOs/WAAR were higher than TRGOs/WAAR at the same RGOs content when the RGOs content is 0.5% owing to the more homogeneous distribution of TARGOs in WAAR. However, the corrosion resistance of TARGOs/WAAR significantly decreased when the TARGOs content increased to 0.7%, which can be attributed to the presence of hydrophilic regions. In contrast, TRGOs/WAAR displayed the optimum long-term corrosion resistance when the TRGOs content was 0.7%, even though the dispersion of TRGOs in WAAR cannot be comparable to TARGOs in WAAR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Synergistic effect of phosphorylated PVA and p-toluene sulfonic acid was significant. • Water dispersible polypyrrole was prepared using phosphorylated polymer/anionic surfactant. • The degree of phosphorylation is an important factor in improving the performance. • A high-performance environmental nanocomposite anticorrosive coating was prepared. • The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased from 51.50%–99.83%. The compatibility between polypyrrole (PPy) and waterborne epoxy coating (EP) remains the main challenge. Here, phosphorylated poly (vinyl alcohol) (PPVA) and p-toluene sulfonic acid sodium (p-TSA) were simultaneously utilized as dopants to modify PPy and prepare water dispersible PPVA/p-TSA/PPy (PPVAT/PPy) solution. Additionally, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and TSA were also adopted to prepare PVA/p-TSA/PPy (PVAT/PPy) for comparison. Denser film with granular morphology was observed for PPVAT/PPy nanocomposite film. Compared with PVAT/PPy-40 %, the tensile strength of PPVAT-8.0 %/PPy-40 % increased from 248.8–283.9 MPa. PPVAT/PPy displayed higher compatibility and interactions with EP compared to PPy-TSA and PVAT/PPy. Compared with EP, the impedance modulus of PVAT/PPy+EP and PPVAT/PPy+EP increased from 3.17×105 to 1.07×108 and 1.62×109 Ω·cm2; corrosion current density I corr decreased from 1.49×10−6 to 7.72×10-8 and 4.01×10-9 A·cm-2; corrosion potential E corr displayed a positive shift of 230 mV and 269 mV, respectively. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of PPVAT/PPy+EP reached 99.83 %, which is much higher than that of PVAT/PPy+EP (93.97 %). PPVAT/PPy+EP nanocomposite coating has been proved to have preferable long-term corrosion resistance based on electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), polarization curves and salt water spray test. The simultaneous incorporation of phosphate anions, sulfate ions and PPy into EP was beneficial to fabricate high-performance anticorrosion coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waterborne polyaniline (PANI) dispersion has got extensive attention due to its environmental friendliness and good processability, whereas the storage stability and mechanical property have been the challenge for the waterborne PANI composites. Here we prepare for waterborne PANI dispersion through the chemical graft polymerisation of PANI into epichlorohydrin modified poly (vinyl alcohol) (EPVA). In comparison with waterborne PANI dispersion prepared through physical blend and in situ polymerisation, the storage stability of PANI-g-EPVA dispersion is greatly improved and the dispersion keeps stable for one year. In addition, the as-prepared PANI-g-EPVA film displays more uniform and smooth morphology, as well as enhanced phase compatibility. PANI is homogeneously distributed in the EPVA matrix on the nanoscale. PANI-g-EPVA displays different morphology at different aniline content. The electrical conductivity corresponds to 7.3 S/cm when only 30% PANI is incorporated into the composites, and then increases up to 20.83 S/cm with further increase in the aniline content. Simultaneously, the tensile strength increases from 35 MPa to 64 MPa. The as-prepared PANI-g-EPVA dispersion can be directly used as the conductive ink or coatings for cellulose fibre paper to prepare flexible conductive paper with high conductivity and mechanical property, which is also suitable for large scalable production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]