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Background: The underrepresentation of human genomic resources from Southern Chinese populations limited their health equality in the precision medicine era and complete understanding of their genetic formation, admixture, and adaptive features. Besides, linguistical and genetic evidence supported the controversial hypothesis of their origin processes. One hotspot case was from the Chinese Guangxi Pinghua Han people (GPH), whose language was significantly similar to Southern Chinese dialects but whose uniparental gene pool was phylogenetically associated with the indigenous Tai-Kadai (TK) people. Here, we analyzed genome-wide SNP data in 619 people from four language families and 56 geographically different populations, in which 261 people from 21 geographically distinct populations were first reported here. Results: We identified significant population stratification among ethnolinguistically diverse Guangxi populations, suggesting their differentiated genetic origin and admixture processes. GPH shared more alleles related to Zhuang than Southern Han Chinese but received more northern ancestry relative to Zhuang. Admixture models and estimates of genetic distances showed that GPH had a close genetic relationship with geographically close TK compared to Northern Han Chinese, supporting their admixture origin hypothesis. Further admixture time and demographic history reconstruction supported GPH was formed via admixture between Northern Han Chinese and Southern TK people. We identified robust signatures associated with lipid metabolisms, such as fatty acid desaturases (FADS) and medically relevant loci associated with Mendelian disorder (GJB2) and complex diseases. We also explored the shared and unique selection signatures of ethnically different but linguistically related Guangxi lineages and found some shared signals related to immune and malaria resistance. Conclusions: Our genetic analysis illuminated the language-related fine-scale genetic structure and provided robust genetic evidence to support the admixture hypothesis that can explain the pattern of observed genetic diversity and formation of GPH. This work presented one comprehensive analysis focused on the population history and demographical adaptative process, which provided genetic evidence for personal health management and disease risk prediction models from Guangxi people. Further large-scale whole-genome sequencing projects would provide the entire landscape of southern Chinese genomic diversity and their contributions to human health and disease traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the risk of traffic congestion to residents and the urban transportation system, this paper extracted frequently congested areas and major trunk roads based on the GPS (global positioning system) data of cabs and TPI (traffic performance index) data and identified traffic patterns and main trunk roads in the traffic grid, so as to analyze the evolution of traffic congestion and make effective suggestions. The results can not only enable travelers to effectively avoid peak periods and congested sections but also support the managers to optimize urban planning and implement efficient traffic management methods. The research process of this study is as follows: firstly, the research object area was divided into different grids based on one-week taxi GPS data and the distribution characteristics of taxi operations in Qingdao. Secondly, the two-dimensional grid traffic attribute information is constructed using the following two indicators: number of vehicles and the average speed of passenger trajectory. Then, the congestion discriminant model based on the three-dimensional traffic attribute information was established according to the variation rules of the number of position point in the grid. Finally, the TPI data was applied to compare and evaluate the identification results of the above two models to identify frequently congested grids and main trunk roads. The case analysis showed that the result of grid's congestion status identification considering three-dimensional traffic attribute information (25.198%) was better than that of grid congestion state considering two-dimensional traffic attribute information (23.997%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Yungui Plateau in Southwest China is characterized by multi-language and multi-ethnic communities and is one of the regions with the wealthiest ethnolinguistic, cultural and genetic diversity in East Asia. There are numerous Tai-Kadai (TK)-speaking populations, but their detailed evolutionary history and biological adaptations are still unclear. Results: Here, we genotyped genome-wide SNP data of 77 unrelated TK-speaking Zhuang and Dong individuals from the Yungui Plateau and explored their detailed admixture history and adaptive features using clustering patterns, allele frequency differentiation and sharing haplotype patterns. TK-speaking Zhuang and Dong people in Guizhou are closely related to geographically close TK and Hmong-Mien (HM)-speaking populations. Besides, we identified that Guizhou TK-speaking people have a close genetic relationship with Austronesian (AN)-speaking Atayal and Paiwan people, which is supported by the common origin of the ancient Baiyue tribe. We additionally found subtle genetic differences among the newly studied TK people and previously reported Dais via the fine-scale genetic substructure analysis based on the shared haplotype chunks. Finally, we identified specific selection candidate signatures associated with several essential human immune systems and neurological disorders, which could provide evolutionary evidence for the allele frequency distribution pattern of genetic risk loci. Conclusions: Our comprehensive genetic characterization of TK people suggested the strong genetic affinity within TK groups and extensive gene flow with geographically close HM and Han people. We also provided genetic evidence that supported the common origin hypothesis of TK and AN people. The best-fitted admixture models further suggested that ancestral sources from northern millet farmers and southern inland and coastal people contributed to the formation of the gene pool of the Zhuang and Dong people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ancient northern East Asians (ANEA) from the Yellow River region, who pioneered millet cultivation, play a crucial role in understanding the origins of ethnolinguistically diverse populations in modern China and the entire landscape of deep genetic structure and variation discovery in modern East Asians. However, the direct links between ANEA and geographically proximate modern populations, as well as the biological adaptive processes involved, remain poorly understood. Results: Here, we generated genome-wide SNP data for 264 individuals from geographically different Han populations in Shandong. An integrated genomic resource encompassing both modern and ancient East Asians was compiled to examine fine-scale population admixture scenarios and adaptive traits. The reconstruction of demographic history and hierarchical clustering patterns revealed that individuals from the Shandong Peninsula share a close genetic affinity with ANEA, indicating long-term genetic continuity and mobility in the lower Yellow River basin since the early Neolithic period. Biological adaptive signatures, including those related to immune and metabolic pathways, were identified through analyses of haplotype homozygosity and allele frequency spectra. These signatures are linked to complex traits such as height and body mass index, which may be associated with adaptations to cold environments, dietary practices, and pathogen exposure. Additionally, allele frequency trajectories over time and a haplotype network of two highly differentiated genes, ABCC11 and SLC10A1, were delineated. These genes, which are associated with axillary odor and bilirubin metabolism, respectively, illustrate how local adaptations can influence the diversification of traits in East Asians. Conclusions: Our findings provide a comprehensive genomic dataset that elucidates the fine-scale genetic history and evolutionary trajectory of natural selection signals and disease susceptibility in Han Chinese populations. This study serves as a paradigm for integrating spatiotemporally diverse ancient genomes in the era of population genomic medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to classify and analyze the traffic performance characteristics of urban trunk roads. It can help travelers effectively avoid peak hours and crowded routes, and traffic managers formulate some refined management and control on roads. This paper extracts the operating characteristics of the trunk roads on macro level by analyzing the Traffic Performance Index (TPI) data. The trunk roads are divided into three types using the agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm. According to the research of the spatial–temporal principles and differences of various types in traffic performance, the links with frequent traffic jams are identified, and the mechanism of the different traffic conditions is illustrated. It can be concluded that the trunk road is good conditions in most cases. On weekdays, there are two obvious peak times every day. On weekends, TPI data shows that there is no obvious peak time, and the overall road traffic conditions on weekends are better than those on weekdays. In addition, there are significant differences in the change trajectory of the TPI data and spatial distribution of various types of trunk roads. The roads with frequent traffic jams mainly come from the first and third type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the congestion of the urban business circle based on traffic performance index (TPI) data. A hierarchical clustering algorithm is adopted for the data analysis. A dataset of nearly 64,260 pieces of TPI data from July to October 2017 in Qingdao is collected, and its features, such as interval characteristics, mean time distribution and spatiotemporal correlation, are analyzed. The results show that the southern coastal commercial circle of Qingdao is more congested than the other circles; there exists a morning and afternoon peak, with two peaks on workdays; otherwise, weekend and vacation periods do not show congestion. The congestion level toward the end of the vacation week (October 4th–8th) is lower than that during the beginning (October 1st–3rd). Considering the temporal and spatial dimensions, the causes of the two different congestion states during the holidays are speculated upon The characteristics of traffic congestion in Qingdao business circle and its possible causes are proposed, and a new design and overall plan for Qingdao is promoted. • Traffic congestion characteristics of business circle are extracted from TPI data. • The agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm is adopted to analyse data. • Trends and patterns of traffic congestion are summarized temporarily and spatially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The underrepresentation of Hmong-Mien (HM) people in Asian genomic studies has hindered our comprehensive understanding of the full landscape of their evolutionary history and complex trait architecture. South China is a multi-ethnic region and indigenously settled by ethnolinguistically diverse HM, Austroasiatic (AA), Tai-Kadai (TK), Austronesian (AN), and Sino-Tibetan (ST) people, which is regarded as East Asia's initial cradle of biodiversity. However, previous fragmented genetic studies have only presented a fraction of the landscape of genetic diversity in this region, especially the lack of haplotype-based genomic resources. The deep characterization of demographic history and natural-selection-relevant genetic architecture of HM people was necessary. Results: We reported one HM-specific genomic resource and comprehensively explored the fine-scale genetic structure and adaptative features inferred from the genome-wide SNP data of 440 HM individuals from 33 ethnolinguistic populations, including previously unreported She. We identified solid genetic differentiation between HM people and Han Chinese at 7.64‒15.86 years ago (kya) and split events between southern Chinese inland (Miao/Yao) and coastal (She) HM people in the middle Bronze Age period and the latter obtained more gene flow from Ancient Northern East Asians. Multiple admixture models further confirmed that extensive gene flow from surrounding ST, TK, and AN people entangled in forming the gene pool of Chinese coastal HM people. Genetic findings of isolated shared unique ancestral components based on the sharing alleles and haplotypes deconstructed that HM people from the Yungui Plateau carried the breadth of previously unknown genomic diversity. We identified a direct and recent genetic connection between Chinese inland and Southeast Asian HM people as they shared the most extended identity-by-descent fragments, supporting the long-distance migration hypothesis. Uniparental phylogenetic topology and network-based phylogenetic relationship reconstruction found ancient uniparental founding lineages in southwestern HM people. Finally, the population-specific biological adaptation study identified the shared and differentiated natural selection signatures among inland and coastal HM people associated with physical features and immune functions. The allele frequency spectrum of cancer susceptibility alleles and pharmacogenomic genes showed significant differences between HM and northern Chinese people. Conclusions: Our extensive genetic evidence combined with the historical documents supported the view that ancient HM people originated from the Yungui regions associated with ancient "Three-Miao tribes" descended from the ancient Daxi-Qujialing-Shijiahe people. Then, some have recently migrated rapidly to Southeast Asia, and some have migrated eastward and mixed respectively with Southeast Asian indigenes, Liangzhu-related coastal ancient populations, and incoming southward ST people. Generally, complex population migration, admixture, and adaptation history contributed to the complicated patterns of population structure of geographically diverse HM people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxi as a door-to-door, all-weather way of travel is an important part of the urban transportation system. A fundamental understanding of temporal-spatial variation and its related influential factors are essential for taxi regulation and urban planning. In this paper, we explore the correlation between taxi demand and socio-economic, transport system and land use patterns based on taxi GPS trajectory and POI (point of interest) data of Qingdao City. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) model is used to describe the influence factors of spatial heterogeneity of the taxi demand and visualize the spatial distributions of parameter estimations. Results indicate that during the peak hours, there are some differences in taxi demand between workdays and weekends. Residential density and housing prices increase the number of taxi trips. Road density, parking lot density and bus station density are positively associated with the taxi demand. It is also found that the higher of the proportion of commercial area and public service area, the greater of the taxi demand, while the proportion of residential area and the land use mix have a negative impact on taxi demand. This paper provides some references for understanding the internal urban environmental factors generating from the taxi travel demand, and provides insights for reducing the taxi vacancy rate, forecasting taxi temporal-spatial demand and urban public transportation system planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Seed weight (SW) is the important soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), yield component and also affected the quality of soybean‐derived foods. The aim of this study was to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying SW through 112 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between “Zhongdou27” (G. max, designated by its bigger seed size, 21.9 g/100 seeds) and “Jiunong 20” (G. max, smaller seed size, 17.5 g/100 seeds). Phenotypic data were collected from this RIL population after it was grown in the sixteen tested environments. A total of eight QTL (QSW1‐1, QSW2‐1, QSW2‐2, QSW5‐1, QSW15‐1, QSW17‐1, QSW19‐1 and QSW20‐1) were identified, and they could explain 4.23%–14.65% of the phenotypic variation. Among these eight QTL, three QTL (QSW1‐1 located on the interval of Sat_159‐Satt603 of chromosome (Chr) 1 (LGD1a), QSW19‐1 located on the interval of Sat_340‐Satt523 of Chr 19 (LGL) and QSW20‐1 located on Sat_418‐Sat_105 of Chr 20 (LGI)) were newly identified and could explain 4.235%–10.08%, 8.45%–13.49% and 8.08%–10.18% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Six of the eight identified QTL including QSW2‐2, QSW5‐1, QSW15‐1, QSW17‐1, QSW19‐1 and QSW20‐1 exhibited a significant additive (a) effect, while two QTL (QSW2‐1 and QSW19‐1) only displayed significant additive‐by‐environment (ae) effects. A total of four epistatic pairwise QTL for SW were identified in the different environments. These eight QTL and their genetic information obtained here were valuable for molecular marker‐assisted selection and the realization of a reasonable SW breeding programme in soybean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A property in the iterative process of FPC is discovered. • A novel initialization method of FPC is proposed. • A strategy to improve the efficiency of FPC is given. • The method makes the recommendation algorithm have a high convergence speed. In recent years, the problem of matrix completion based on rank minimization has received widespread attention in machine learning. The tightest convex relaxation of this problem is the linearly constrained nuclear norm minimization. Fixed point continuation (FPC), as a representative nuclear norm relaxation matrix completion algorithm, has been proven to perform well in theories and experiments. However, the traditional FPC algorithm initializes the matrix to be completed by zero, which does not make full use of the shrinkage characteristics of the singular value shrinkage operator on the matrix elements and the known field data information, then will lead to slow convergence and poor accuracy. Aiming at this problem, this paper analyzes the shrinkage properties of matrix elements in the iterative process of the FPC algorithm. Combined with the known rating information in the recommendation systems, a new initialization method of overestimation based on FPC is proposed, and it is applied to the rating prediction in the recommendation systems. The experimental results show that the initialization method proposed in this paper greatly improves the algorithm efficiency and prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel GCN-based traffic prediction model is proposed. • The model enables dynamic spatial–temporal modeling of traffic data. • This model has superior long-term forecasting capability. • Hidden spatial relationships in traffic data were captured. In recent years, spatial–temporal graph modeling based on graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) has become an effective method for mining spatial–temporal dependencies in traffic forecasting research. However, existing studies lack the capability of dynamic spatial–temporal modeling of traffic speeds. Furthermore, long-term forecasting is difficult because of the diversity of traffic conditions. In addition, traditional studies capture only the features of fixed graph structures, which do not reflect real spatial dependence. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel attention-based dynamic spatial–temporal graph convolutional network (ADSTGCN) model. ADSTGCN mainly consists of multiple dynamic spatial–temporal blocks, each of which contains three modules: 1) a dynamic adjustment module to model the dynamic spatial–temporal correlations of traffic speed, 2) a gated dilated convolution module to mine long-term dependencies, and 3) a spatial convolution module to capture hidden spatial dependencies. Experiments on three public traffic datasets demonstrated the good performance of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating the transformer aging state and detecting multi-aging characteristics in transformer oil with high sensitivity and fast speed has become a key challenge. This study introduces a P–N heterojunction (CNTs@NiO-α-Fe 2 O 3) fabricated through electroless nickel plating and a one-step hydrothermal method. Additionally, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with adjustable particle sizes are grown on the surface using a chemical reduction method. To obtain high sensitivity and rapid SERS signal, CNTs@NiO-α-Fe 2 O 3 –Ag gel is adsorbed on a disposable needle filter (220 nm) surface, and 4-aminothiophene (4-ATP) is grafted onto the surface of SERS substrate. The minimum detection limit was 0.025 mg/L (EF = 5.22 × 104), and the response time of SERS best signal could be shortened to 3 min. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that by constructing a P–N heterostructure of NiO–Fe 2 O 3 and assessing the adsorption energies of furfural, acetone, and methanol on the surface of the P–N heterojunction. This SERS strategy has a huge application prospect in the aging diagnosis of oil-paper insulation systems in a transformer. To obtain high sensitivity and rapid SERS signal, CNTs@NiO-α-Fe2O3–Ag gel is adsorbed on a disposable needle filter (220 nm) surface, and 4-aminothiophene (4-ATP) was grafted onto the surface of SERS substrate. The formed nanofiltration membrane realized detection of furfural in transformer oil with high-sensitivity, selectivity and specificity. [Display omitted] • CNTs@NiO–Fe 2 O 3 –Ag SERS filter membrane was designed and synthesized successfully. • 4-ATP was used to enrich furfural molecules on the SERS membrane surface. • The semiconductor has rapid electron transfer efficiency when combined with Ag. • The response time of the best signal on the SERS substrate reduced to 3 min. • The detection limit is 0.025 mg/L, which meets the international detection standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a common disease of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) worldwide, seriously affecting yield. Kangxian 2 is a soybean variety with a high level of resistance to H. glycines (HG) Type 0 (SCN race 3) and a yellow seed coat. However, we know little about the mechanism of resistance to HG Type 0 in Kangxian 2. In this study, we used the Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform to analyse the transcriptome of Kangxian 2 and obtained 65.74 Gb clean data. Transcriptional changes in Kangxian 2 caused by HG Type 0 stress after 0–10 days are described. Kangxian 2 showed different levels of gene expression after inoculation, and under HG Type 0 stress after different times. Overall, 6854 HG Type 0-induced genes and 5328 HG Type 0-repressed genes were found to be differentially regulated. The greatest number of differential genes annotated to cellular process, metabolic process, single-organism process, binding, catalytic activity and other pathways. In addition to findings of differentially expressed genes similar to other published work, such as the regulation of biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites, carbon sequestration of photosynthetic organisms, other types of O -polysaccharide biosynthesis, phenylpropane biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism and other pathways, this study also revealed the differential regulation of genes related to the diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis pathway and found some metabolic pathways that were specifically expressed in the syncytial initiation and establishment stages. Gene expression analyses using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression of GmMADS and GmTUB changed strongly after 7 days and 10 days of HG Type 0 stress compared with the control. We conclude that GmMADS and GmTUB transcription factor genes may play an important role in the resistance of Kangxian 2 to HG Type 0 stress. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a common soybean disease worldwide. We identified the potential resistance mechanism of soybean variety Kangxian 2 to soybean cyst nematode HG Type 0, and found some metabolic pathways that were specifically expressed in the syncytial initiation and establishment stages. The findings provide a new research direction for the development Kangxian 2, and a reference for breeding new SCN-resistant varieties and mining resistant SCN genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most important disease affecting yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In China, among the main physiological races of SCN causing serious economic loss of soybean, HG Type 0 is the most widely distributed. Breeding SCN-resistant varieties is one of the safest and most effective ways to manage SCN. Soybean cv. Dongnong L-204 has a green seed coat and is a resource for resistance to SCN; however, the transcriptional variation and main molecular mechanism of resistance of Dongnong L-204 are not clear. We obtained 66.42 Gb of raw reads by using Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing of Dongnong L-204. Transcriptional changes at Days 3, 7 and 10 after HG Type 0 stress are described. In total, 11 279 differentially expressed genes were responsive to HG Type 0 stress, including 6407 SCN-induced and 4872 SCN-suppressed genes. Gene Ontology analysis emphasised the important roles of the terms metabolic process, single-organism process, catalytic activity and binding under HG Type 0 stress. Among them, the terms related to extracellular matrix, extracellular region part, membrane-enclosed lumen, protein-binding transcription factor activity, and symplast and cell junction existed only in pairwise comparisons Day 7 vs Day 0 and Day 10 vs Day 0. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that metabolic pathway played an important role in the stress response to HG Type 0. Cellular processes, metabolism and organismal systems and other pathway-related genes increased significantly after 7 days. Transcription factor analysis showed that transcription factors such as MYB, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, WRKY and NAC may be involved in the anti-HG Type 0 response of Dongnong L-204. At the same time, few transient inducible transcription factors were found and more transient inhibited transcription factors in Dongnong L-204 in the early stage of HG Type 0 syncytial establishment. RT-qPCR was used to analyse expression of 10 genes closely related to the HG Type 0 stress response. The expression of GmWRKYX1 was >60 times higher at Day 10 after HG Type 0 stress than at Day 0. The WRKY transcription-factor family may play an important role in the resistance of Dongnong L-204 to HG Type 0 stress. Soybean cyst nematode is the most important disease affecting soybean yield. Based on RNA-Seq analysis, this research provides an atlas of gene expressions of soybean cv. Dongnong L-204 in response to HG Type 0 infection, and identifies candidate genes that may be useful in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The recommendation algorithm is attracting increasing attention in analyzing big data. Matrix factorization (MF) is one of the recommendation methods and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is the most popular matrix factorization method. However, the existing SVD methods usually initialize user and item feature randomly, not fully utilize the information of the data, so require plenty of experiments to determine feature matrix dimension, with low convergence efficiency and low accuracy. This paper presents a hybrid initialization method based on attribute mapping and autoencoder neural network to solve these problems, which consists of three parts: (1) use the number of item attribute types to determine feature matrix dimension in order to avoid multiple experiments to select the optimal dimension value; (2) use items' attributes to initialize the item feature matrix in SVD＋＋, and use an attribute mapping mechanism to get an item feature vector by fitting the rating matrix to accelerate the convergence; (3) adopt the autoencoder neural network to reduce feature dimension and obtain item latent features for initializing SVD＋＋. The experimental results show that our methods achieve better performance than SVD＋＋ random initialization and also be adopted to other matrix factorization methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fingerprint-based indoor localisation suffers from influences such as fingerprint pre-collection, environment changes and expending a lot of manpower and time to update the radio map. To solve the problem, we propose an efficient radio map updating algorithm based on K-Means and Gaussian Process Regression (KMGPR). The algorithm builds a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) predictive model based on a Gaussian mean function and realises the update of the radio map using K-Means. We have conducted experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and results show that GPR using the Gaussian mean function improves localisation accuracy by about 13·76% compared with other functions and KMGPR can reduce the computational complexity by about 7% to 20% with no obvious effects on accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we focus on the problem of context-aware recommendation using tensor factorization. Traditional tensor-based models in context-aware recommendation scenario only consider user-item-context interactions. In this paper, we argue that rating can't be totally explained by the interactions and the rating also influenced by the combined impact of overall mean, user bias, item bias and context bias. Based on this hypothesis, we propose a novel context-aware recommendation model named Bias Tensor Factorization, which take all this factors into account. Additionally, traditional context-aware recommenders with tensor factorization still have three main drawbacks: (1) the model complexity of those models increase exponentially with the number of context features, (2) those models can only handle context features with categorical values and (3) the models fail to select effective features from available context features. To address those problems, we propose a context features auto-encoding algorithm based on regression tree which can both handle numerical features and select effective features. Then we integrate this algorithm with Bias Tensor Factorization. Experiments on a real world contextual dataset and Movielens show that our proposed algorithms outperform the state-of-art context-aware recommendation algorithms, namely tensor factorization and factorization machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CeO is one of the most promising materials applied in chemical mechanical polishing industry. However, due to the high hardness of CeO, a further surface modification is usually required, especially when polishing a soft substrate, such as fused quartz and optical disk. In this work, we reported a novel process for the synthesis of CeO/CeF composite powders which showed improved suspension stability and CMP properties. Ce(CO) and HF were employed as the precursor materials for Ce and F, respectively, which were simply milled and annealed at different temperatures to get the composite powders. The results showed that the morphology of the powders changed from microrods to grape-like shapes which had a smaller particle size. And the XRD results confirmed the formation of CeO/CeF composite phases after the HF addition. The suspension stability and CMP property measurements indicated that the change of particle morphologies and the formation of composite structure benefited the polishing process for fused quartz substrate, and a more planar surface was obtained. All these results indicated that the current processing was of great potentials for the synthesis and practical applications of ceria-based CMP slurries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a parasitic plant pathogenic nematode that severely affects the growth and development of soybean. Breeding SCN-resistant varieties is one of the safest and most effective ways to manage SCN. 'Dongnong L-10' is a well-known SCN-resistant variety in Northeast China, but the molecular mechanisms governing this resistance have not been determined. Hence, in this study, we transcriptome sequenced the roots of 'Dongnong L-10' (Resistant varieties of SCN race 4) and 'Heinong 37' (Susceptible varieties of SCN race 4) under the stress of HG Type 1.2.3.5.7 (SCN race 4). We obtained a total of 76.75 GB of the raw reads. A total of 4400 and 5724 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were related to the SCN resistance of 'Dongnong L-10' and 'Heinong 37'. The analysis of DEGs showed that transcription factors (AP2/EREBP, WRKY, MYB, NAC, bHLH and C2H2) and plant hormone signal transduction pathways (the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways) may be involved in the response of soybean to HG Type 1.2.3.5.7. RT-qPCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of PR protein family gene GmRSCN4-1 (Glyma.05G204800) and cytochrome P450 family gene GmRSCN4-2 (Glyma.16G195600) in 'Dongnong L-10' were significantly higher than those in 'Heinong 37'. Overexpression of GmRSCN4-1 and GmRSCN4-2 in soybean hairy roots resulted in increased HG Type 1.2.3.5.7 resistance in soybean hairy roots. Our results not only provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the resistance mechanism of 'Dongnong L-10' to HG Type 1.2.3.5.7, but also provide some genes resources for soybean molecular breeding for resistance to cyst nematode. • There are great differences in transcriptome sequencing data between two varieties with different resistance to SCN. • Two candidate genes for resistance to soybean cyst nematode were found. • Through the phenotypic identification of transgenic positive roots, it was found that the two genes were resistant to SCN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, context information has been widely used in recommender systems. Tensor factorization is an effective method to process high-dimensional information. However, data sparsity is more serious in tensor factorization, and it is difficult to build a more accurate recommender system only based on user–item–context interaction information. Making full use of user's social information and implicit feedback can alleviate this problem. In this paper, we propose a new tensor factorization model named TrustTF, which mainly works as follows: (1) Using user's social trust information and implicit feedback to extend the bias tensor factorization (BiasTF), effectively alleviate data sparsity problem and improve the recommendation accuracy; (2) Dividing user's trust relationship into unilateral trust and mutual trust, which makes better use of user's social information. To our knowledge, this is the first work to consider the effects of both user trust and implicit feedback on the basis of the BiasTF model. The experimental results in two real-world data sets demonstrate that the TrustTF proposed in this paper can achieve higher accuracy than BiasTF and other social recommendation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]