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We present a study of top quark mass measurements at the t t ¯ threshold based on CEPC. A centre-of-mass energy scan near two times of the top quark mass is performed and the measurement precision of top quark mass, width and α S are evaluated using the t t ¯ production rates. Realistic scan strategies at the threshold are discussed to maximise the sensitivity to the measurements individually and simultaneously in the CEPC scenarios assuming a total luminosity limited to 100 fb - 1 . With the optimal scan for individual property measurements, the top quark mass precision is expected to be 9 MeV, the top quark width precision is expected to be 26 MeV, and α S can be measured at a precision of 0.00039, considering only the statistical uncertainty. Taking into account the systematic uncertainties from theory, width, α S , experimental efficiency, background subtraction, beam energy and luminosity spectrum, the top quark mass can be measured at a precision of 25 MeV optimistically and 59 MeV conservatively at CEPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To further understand the application of g-C3N4 in the field of photocatalysis, this study focuses on the visualization and analysis of articles in this field using VOSviewer and Citespace. These articles were analyzed in terms of number of articles, journals, authors, countries and keywords, respectively. The results show that there is little collaboration among the core authors in this field and insufficient cross-directional communication; the current applications of g-C3N4 are concentrated on hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction and water treatment. The developing trend is in the direction of constructing Z-scheme structures, regulating the separation of photogenerated carriers and reducing the recombination rate, to which more and more attention is being paid. In the future, cross-directional communication among scholars can be strengthened to promote faster development of the field of photocatalytic applications of g-C3N4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oroxylin A is a natural extract and has been reported to have a remarkable anticancer function. However, the mechanism of its anticancer activity remains not quite clear. In this study, we examined the inhibiting effects of Oroxylin A on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its possible molecular mechanism. The cytoactive and inflammatory factors were analyzed via Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and ELISA assay, respectively. Flow cytometry and western blotting were used to assess the cell proliferation. In addition, a wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to detect cell invasion and migration. qRT-PCR and western blot were employed to determine the effect of Oroxylin A on the EMT formation. Moreover, expression level of protein related to NF-κB signaling pathway was determined by western blot. The results revealed that Oroxylin A attenuated the cytoactivity of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose- and a time-dependent manner. Moreover, cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells were inhibited by Oroxylin A compared to the control. The mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin were remarkably increased while N-cadherin and Vimentin remarkably decreased. Besides, Oroxylin A suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors and NF-κB activation. Furthermore, we also found that supplement of TNF-α reversed the effects of Oroxylin A on the cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT in breast cancer cells. Taken together, our results suggested that Oroxylin A inhibited the cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT through inactivating NF-κB signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells. These findings strongly suggest that Oroxylin A could be a therapeutic potential candidate for the treatment of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The affiliation details for the second affiliation were also incorrectly given as 'University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijing District, Beijing 100049, China' but should have been 'University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China'. The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11421-1. J. C (2023) 83:269 b https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11421-1 In this article the affiliation details for the first affiliation were incorrectly given as 'Institute of High Energy Physics, 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijing District, Beijing 100049, China' but should have been 'Institute of High Energy Physics, 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China'. [Extracted from the article]

Hypocotyl elongation directly affects the seedling establishment and soil-breaking after germination. In soybean (Glycine max), the molecular mechanisms regulating hypocotyl development remain largely elusive. To decipher the regulatory landscape, we conducted proteome and transcriptome analysis of soybean hypocotyl samples at different development stages. Our results showed that during hypocotyl development, many proteins were with extreme high translation efficiency (TE) and may act as regulators. These potential regulators include multiple peroxidases and cell wall reorganisation related enzymes. Peroxidases may produce ROS including H2O2. Interestingly, exogenous H2O2 application promoted hypocotyl elongation, supporting peroxidases as regulators of hypocotyl development. However, a vast variety of proteins were shown to be with dramatically changed TE during hypocotyl development, including multiple phytochromes, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) and aspartic proteases. Their potential roles in hypocotyl development were confirmed by that ectopic expression of GmPHYA1 and GmPIP1-6 in Arabidopsis thaliana affected hypocotyl elongation. In addition, the promoters of these potential regulatory genes contain multiple light/gibberellin/auxin responsive elements, while the expression of some members in hypocotyls was significantly regulated by light and exogenous auxin/gibberellin. Overall, our results revealed multiple novel regulatory factors of soybean hypocotyl elongation. Further research on these regulators may lead to new approvals to improve soybean hypocotyl traits. Our research identified multiple new regulatory factors of soybean hypocotyl development, providing potential targets for soybean (Glycine max) improvement. Hypocotyl development is the key stage of germination, affecting crop productivity and yield. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating soybean hypocotyl development remain largely elusive so far. By conducting a joint analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data, we successfully identified a number of novel regulators of soybean hypocotyl development and preliminarily investigated their functions. Our results would provide new candidate genes for soybean variety improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a new method to detect sub-GeV dark matter, through their scatterings from free leptons and the resulting kinematic shifts. Especially, such an experiment can detect dark matter interacting solely with muons. The experiment proposed here is for directly probing the muonphilic dark matter in a model-independent way. Its complementarity with the muon on the target proposal is similar to e.g. XENON/PandaX and ATLAS/CMS on the dark matter searches. Moreover, our proposal can work better for relatively heavy dark matter such as those in the sub-GeV region. We start with a small device of a size around 0.1–1 m, using atmospheric muons to set up a prototype. Within only one year of operation, the sensitivity on the cross-section of dark matter scattering with muons can already reach σ D ∼ 1 0 − 1 9 (− 2 0 , − 1 8) cm 2 for the dark matter mass M D = 1 0 0 (10, 1000) MeV. We can then interface the device with a high-intensity muon beam of 1 0 1 2 /bunch. Within one year, the sensitivity can reach σ D ∼ 1 0 − 2 7 (− 2 8 , − 2 6) cm 2 for M D = 1 0 0 (10, 1000) MeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various 5-unsubstituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were synthesized efficiently by a one-pot three-component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, aromatic ketones, and urea using SnCl2·2H2O as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions. All products were identified by IR, NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. The novel method offers several advantages such as excellent yields (81–95%), short reaction time (5–16 min), broader substrate scope, and environmentally friendly conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel core-shell dual-mesoporous silica nanospheres (DMSS) with a tunable pore size were synthesized successfully using a styrene monomer as a channel template for the core and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a channel template for the shell in order to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. Simvastatin was used as a model drug and loaded into DMSS and the mesoporous core without the shell (MSC) by the solvent evaporation method. The drug loading efficiency of DMSS and MSC were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV). Characterization, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that simvastatin adsorbed in DMSS and MSC was in an amorphous state, and in vitro release test results demonstrated that both DMSS and MSC increased the water solubility and dissolution rate of simvastatin. The shell structure of DMSS was able to regulate the release of simvastatin compared with MSC. It is worth noting that DMSS has significant potential as a carrier for improving the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs and reducing the rapid release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide range of 1-carbamatoalkyl-2-naphthols were synthesized via a one-pot three-component condensation of 2-naphthol, aldehydes, and carbamates in the presence of aluminum methanesulfonate at 70 °C under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst is reusable and could be recycled for several runs without any distinct decrease in its efficiency. A plausible mechanism for this three-component reaction was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most destructive plant‐pathogenic bacteria, infecting more than 200 plant species, including potato (Solanum tuberosum) and many other solanaceous crops. R. solanacearum has numerous pathogenicity factors, and type III effectors secreted through type III secretion system (T3SS) are key factors to counteract host immunity. Here, we show that RipBT is a novel T3SS‐secreted effector by using a cyaA reporter system. Transient expression of RipBT in Nicotiania benthamiana induced strong cell death in a plasma membrane‐localization dependent manner. Notably, mutation of RipBT in R. solanacearum showed attenuated virulence on potato, while RipBT transgenic potato plants exhibited enhanced susceptibility to R. solanacearum. Interestingly, transcriptomic analyses suggest that RipBT may interfere with plant reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism during the R. solanacearum infection of potato roots. In addition, the expression of RipBT remarkably suppressed the flg22‐induced pathogen‐associated molecular pattern‐triggered immunity responses, such as the ROS burst. Taken together, RipBT acts as a T3SS effector, promoting R. solanacearum infection on potato and presumably disturbing ROS homeostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the massive use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage, the environmental and resource problems faced by used lithium-ion batteries are becoming more and more prominent. In order to better resource utilization and environmental protection, this paper employs bibliometric and data analysis methods to explore publications related to waste lithium-ion battery recycling from 1984 to 2021. The Web of Science core set from the SCIE online database was used for this article. These findings demonstrate a considerable increase trend in the number of publications published in the subject of recycling used lithium-ion batteries, with a natural-sciences-centric focus. Argonne National Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and China Academic and Scientific Research Center are the top three institutions in terms of quantity of papers published. The affiliated journals corresponding to these three institutions also have high impact factors, which are 106.47, 44.85, and 58.69, respectively. In comparison to comparable institutes in other nations, the American Argonne National Laboratory supports 223 research articles in this area. China and the US make up the majority of the research's funding. The two key aspects of current lithium-ion battery recycling research are material structure research and environmentally friendly recycling. Nevertheless, high-capacity lithium-ion batteries, waste lithium-ion integrated structures, and gentle recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries will be the major aspects of study in the future. It is hoped that the above analysis can bring new ideas and methods to the field of waste lithium-ion battery recycling and provide a basis for the subsequent research and application of waste lithium-ion battery recycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • We propose a rejuvenation recipe for SLFP in applied environmental catalysis. • SLFP exhibits enhanced reactivity than pristine one in the activation of S(IV). • Li defects and oxygen vacancies are key to unexpected reactivity of SLFP. Lab-prepared Fe-bearing materials have demonstrated their ability to activate sulfite (S(IV)) to generate reactive radicals, which is however limited by their costs and inefficiencies for practical application. Here we report that spent LiFePO 4 (SLFP) cathode materials can function as a robust catalyst for S(IV) activation and consequent decontamination of organic pollutants like 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol (BPS). Unexpectedly, SLFP materials with lithium defects and oxygen vacancies (O v) are significantly effective than pristine LiFePO 4. BPS degradation undergoes an induction period when rapid adsorption of O 2 and HSO 3 − in water occurs, followed by a slow release of HSO 5 −, as evidenced by the same depletion trends of BPS and sulfite, and confirmed by theoretical calculations. The HSO 5 − is activated by Fe(II) on the SLFP surface, with •OH being the main reactive species via a multi-step reaction. The potential environmental application of this SLFP/S(IV) process are evaluated ultimately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • We propose a rejuvenation recipe for SLFP in applied environmental catalysis. • SLFP exhibits enhanced reactivity than pristine one in the activation of S(IV). • Li defects and oxygen vacancies are key to unexpected reactivity of SLFP. Lab-prepared Fe-bearing materials have demonstrated their ability to activate sulfite (S(IV)) to generate reactive radicals, which is however limited by their costs and inefficiencies for practical application. Here we report that spent LiFePO 4 (SLFP) cathode materials can function as a robust catalyst for S(IV) activation and consequent decontamination of organic pollutants like 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol (BPS). Unexpectedly, SLFP materials with lithium defects and oxygen vacancies (O v) are significantly effective than pristine LiFePO 4. BPS degradation undergoes an induction period when rapid adsorption of O 2 and HSO 3 − in water occurs, followed by a slow release of HSO 5 −, as evidenced by the same depletion trends of BPS and sulfite, and confirmed by theoretical calculations. The HSO 5 − is activated by Fe(II) on the SLFP surface, with •OH being the main reactive species via a multi-step reaction. The potential environmental application of this SLFP/S(IV) process are evaluated ultimately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron-doped zinc oxide (BZO) films were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. The influence of B 2 H 6 flow rate and substrate temperature on the microstructure, optical, and electrical properties of BZO films was investigated by X-ray diffraction spectrum, scanning electron microscope, optical transmittance spectrum, and Hall measurements. The BZO films with optical transmittance above 85% in the visible and infrared light range, resistivity of 0.9–1.0 × 10 − 3 Ω cm, mobility of 16.5–25.5 cm 2 /Vs, and carrier concentration of 2.2–2.7 × 10 20 cm − 3 were deposited under optimized conditions. The optimum BZO films were applied on the bifacial BZO/p-type a-Si:H/i-type a-Si:H/n-type c-Si/i-type a-Si:H/n + -type a-Si:H/BZO heterojunction solar cell as both front and back transparent electrodes. Meanwhile, the bifacial heterojunction solar cell with indium tin oxide (ITO) as both front and back transparent electrodes was fabricated. The efficiencies of 17.788% (open-circuit voltage: 0.628 V, short-circuit current density: 41.756 mA/cm 2 and fill factor: 0.678) and 16.443% (open-circuit voltage: 0.590 V, short-circuit current density: 36.515 mA/cm 2 and fill factor: 0.762) were obtained on the a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cell with BZO and ITO transparent electrodes, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, with so many surveillance cameras having been installed, the market demand for intelligent violence detection is continuously growing, while it is still a challenging topic in research area. Therefore, we attempt to make some improvements of existing violence detectors. The primary contributions of this paper are two-fold. Firstly, a novel feature extraction method named Oriented VIolent Flows (OViF), which takes full advantage of the motion magnitude change information in statistical motion orientations, is proposed for practical violence detection in videos. The comparison of OViF and baseline approaches on two public databases demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method. Secondly, feature combination and multi-classifier combination strategies are adopted and excellent results are obtained. Experimental results show that using combined features with AdaBoost+Linear-SVM achieves improved performance over the state-of-the-art on the Violent-Flows benchmark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is aimed at investigating the changes of serum soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) expression level in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after radiotherapy, the correlation of PD-L1, PD-1, and proteins of Akt (protein kinase B), mTOR, and HIF-1α, and the molecular mechanism of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the development of NSCLS. A total of 126 NSCLC patients receiving radiotherapy in Liaoning Cancer Hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were selected as the observation group, and another 58 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. NSCLC patients were divided into group A (stage I-II, stereotactic radiotherapy) and group B (stage III, intensity-modulated radiation therapy) according to the cancer stage. The efficacy of radiotherapy was evaluated, and sPD-L1 expression was detected by ELISA. The immunohistochemical staining was adopted to detect protein expressions of Akt, mTOR, and HIF-1α in NSCLC tissues. The correlation between their expression and expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 was analyzed. The results showed that the overall response rate (ORR) of group A was 89.29%, the clinical benefit response (CBR) was 96.43%, the median survival time (MST) was 25 months, and the survival rate within three years was 72.56%. In group B, the ORR was 70.41%, the CBR was 97.96%, the MST was 18 months, and the survival rate within three years was 34.67%. Comparison of overall serum sPD-L1 expression in the control group, group A, and group B and between groups before radiotherapy was statistically significant (P < 0.01). After radiotherapy, serum sPD-L1 expression in group A and group B decreased compared with that before radiotherapy (P < 0.01). Among NSCLC patients, the positive expression rate of Akt, mTOR, and HIF-1α was 71.32%, 41.26%, and 80.65%, respectively. PD-L1 expression and Akt, mTOR, and HIF-1α expression showed a significant correlation. PD1 expression and Akt, mTOR, and HIF-1α expression also showed a significant correlation. It indicated that the expression level of sPD-L1 in NSCLC patients was higher than that in normal subjects, but the expression level of sPD-L1 was decreased after radiotherapy. PD-1/PD-L1 may play important roles in NSCLC procession through the Akt/mTOR and HIF-1α pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron-based catalysts have been demonstrated to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to generate reactive radicals, which is however limited by their complex preparation process, high costs and inefficiency for practical applications. Herein we obtain spent LiFePO 4 (SLFP), with powerful catalytic capacity by a simple one-step treatment of the retired LiFePO 4 cathode material, for PMS activation to decontaminate organic pollutants. Lithium defects and oxygen vacancies in SLFP play critical roles for PMS utilization, further confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. SLFP materials rapidly adsorb PMS, and the surface PMS is activated by Fe(II) to generate radicals, with •OH playing a major role for the degradation of organics after multi-step reactions. The SLFP/PMS process is finally validated for ability to remove organic contaminants and potential environmental application. • SLFP was an old but vigorous PMS activator for decontamination. • Surface defects of SLFP play a key role in PMS activation. • Quenching experiment and DFT calculation were used to reveal mechanism. • This proposed SLFP/PMS process was environmental benign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a chemical equation related to the article "Copper Chloride-Catalyzed Efficient Three-Component One-Pot Synthesis of Carbamatoalkyl Naphthols under Solvent-Free Conditions" by Z. Song and others, published in the "Indian Journal of Chemistry (Section B)" in 2014.

A wide range of mono- and disubstituted 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1 H)-ones were synthesized via a one-pot three components condensation of isatoic anhydride, aldehydes, and ammonium salts or primary amines in the presence of aluminum methanesulfonate in EtOH/HO solution. The catalyst is reusable and could be recycled for several runs without any distinct decrease in its efficiency. A plausible mechanism for this one-pot three components reaction was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]