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Background: Vesical Imaging–Reporting and Data System (VI‐RADS) is widely used to assess the muscle‐invasive status of bladder cancer. However, the current classification efficacy of VI‐RASD 2 tumors of stalk is unsatisfactory. Purpose: To develop a nomogram to assess muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in VI‐RADS 2 tumors with stalk. Study Type: Retrospective. Population: A total of 186 patients (age: 67.8 ± 12.7 years) with 15.1% females, divided randomly into a training cohort (N = 130) and validation cohort (N = 56). Field Strength/Sequence: 3‐T, T2‐weighted imaging (turbo spin‐echo), diffusion‐weighted imaging (breathing‐free spin‐echo), and dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging (gradient‐echo). Assessment: Twenty‐one MRI features of tumors and stalks were developed from training cohort. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the tumor, stalk, and psoas muscles were calculated from the three circular regions of interest. The normalized T value=meanADCtumormeanADCmuscle. The normalized ST value=meanADCstalkmeanADCtumor. Three readers assessed the morphology of tumors and stalks. Statistical Tests: The final features of nomogram were selected by univariable logistic and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration, and decision curve analysis. Results: In VI‐RADS 2 tumors with stalk, tumor size over 3 cm, increased stalk width, stalk morphology, decreased normalized T value, and increased normalized ST value were selected as the risk factors for MIBC. The AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the nomogram to assess MIBC were 0.969 (95% CI: 0.941–0.997), 92.3%, 94.1%, and 92.0% in training cohort and 0.940 (95% CI: 0.859–1.000), 89.3%, 75.0%, and 91.7% in validation cohort. Data Conclusion: This study constructed a nomogram for preoperative assessment of MIBC and modifying the current VI‐RADS. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on the recent mining and production status of ruby in Longido, Tanzania. Faceted-grade rubies and their matrix from Longido Area, Tanzania, were investigated by standard gemological testing, including FTIR, UV-VIS, Raman spectra, and LA-ICP-MS. Microscopic observations revealed dense needle-like and triangular inclusions, distinct growth lines, and color banding as typical inclusions. In agreement with the Raman results, the transmission FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of aluminum hydroxide. The Raman spectra identified associated minerals and inclusions, including zoisite, parasites, feldspar within the matrix, rutile, and diaspore in the ruby host. The chemistry analysis revealed a high amount of Cr and relatively low iron as a good indicator of geographic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, 24CrNiMo low‐alloy steel is successfully prepared using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. Effects of dual‐phase region quenching treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM 24CrNiMo low‐alloy steel are analyzed. The results show that after three kinds of dual‐phase region quenching treatment, different martensite–ferrite dual‐phase microstructure of the as‐quenched alloy steel is obtained. In the range of austenitizing temperature from 760 to 820 °C, the content and size of the ferrite decrease; on the contrary, the content and size of the martensite increase. Furthermore, with the austenitizing temperature increasing, the morphology of the ferrite gradually changes from acicular ferrite + polygonal ferrite to acicular ferrite, while the lath characteristics of the martensite become more and more obvious. For electron backscatter diffraction results, with increasing the quenching temperature, the crystallographic morphology gradually changes from columnar grains to equiaxed grains; meanwhile, the extreme value of texture strength and the average size of grains are both decreased. When the austenitizing temperature is 820 °C, the microhardness and tensile strength of the as‐quenched alloy steel are much higher than that of the as‐deposited alloy steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]