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Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.

摘要：为了对DHA藻油调和油的开发和合理烹饪提供相关指导，将DHA藻油分别按菜籽油质量的2%、3%、5%、10%、15%与菜籽油复配制成菜籽油-DHA藻油调和油，并以蒸、炒、烧三种不同方式烹饪鸡肉，测定烹饪前后油样的脂肪酸组成、酸值和过氧化值的变化，分析探讨DHA藻油比例及烹饪方式对调和油脂肪酸组成及理化指标的影响。结果表明：烹饪后，调和油的单不饱和脂肪酸含量减少，饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量增加；三种主要脂肪酸油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量随DHA藻油比例增加呈不规律波动变化；除DHA藻油比例为2%的调和油外，其余调和油的酸值均在烹饪后增加，其中，DHA比例为3%、5%和10%的调和油炒鸡肉后酸值增加最大，蒸和烧这两种烹饪方式对酸值的影响相对较小；纯菜籽油、DHA藻油比例为15%的调和油的过氧化值增加量明显大于其他的调和油，总体上炒较另外两种烹饪方式更易导致过氧化值增加。综上，建议蒸鸡肉或烧鸡肉宜采用DHA藻油比例为2%、3%、5%的调和油，炒鸡肉则不宜采用DHA藻油调和油。 Abstract：To provide relevant guidance for the development and reasonable cooking of edible blended oil of DHA algal oil, DHA algal oil was blended with rapeseed oil at the mass ratios of 2%, 3%, 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively. The blended oil was used to cook chicken with different methods (steaming, stir-frying and boiling). The fatty acid composition, acid value and peroxide value of the blended oil before and after cooking were measured, and the effects of DHA algal oil ratio and cooking methods on fatty acid composition and physical and chemical indexes of blended oil were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that after cooking, the content of MUFA in blended oil decreased, while the contents of SFA and PUFA increased. The contents of three main fatty acids, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, fluctuated irregularly with the increase of DHA algal oil ratio. Except for the blended oil with 2% DHA algal oil, the acid value of the other blended oil increased after cooking. The blended oil with 3%, 5% and 10% DHA algal oil after stir-frying chicken showed the largest increase, and the cooking methods of steaming and boiling had relatively little effect on the acid value. The peroxide value increments of rapeseed oil without DHA and blended oil with 15% DHA algal oil were significantly greater than that of other blended oils, and stir-frying was more likely to lead to an increase in peroxide value than the other two cooking methods. In summary, it is recommended that steaming or boiling chicken should use blended oil with 2%, 3% and 5% DHA algal oil, while stir-frying chicken should not use DHA algal oil blended oil.

Background Second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs are widely used in clinic for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) . At present, there are several reticulated meta-analyses investigating them, but the effect is not very satisfactory. Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of five anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of MDR-TB. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on anti-tuberculosis drug for MDR-TB were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, VIP, and Wanfang data from January 2010 to March 2022. The experimental group was treated with individualized treatment combined with moxifloxacin (Mfx) , levofloxacin (Lfx) , linezolid (Lzd) , clofazimine (Cfz) and bedaquiline (Bdq) . The control group was treated with individualized treatment combined with placebo or Lfx. After literature screening and data extraction, quality assessment was performed using the risk of bias assessment tool provided by the Cochrane system evaluator handbook 5.1.0. Bayesian network Meta-analysis on the rate of sputum culture conversion, clinical efficacy rate and incidence of adverse reactions was conducted using GeMTC 0.14.3 software and Stata SE 15.0 software. Results A total of 39 RCTs and 3 860 patients were included. Results of Meta-analysis showed that the rate of sputum culture conversion of Bdq, Cfz, Lfx, Lzd, Mfx, were higher than those of placebo〔OR=3.49, 95%CI (2.11, 5.73) ; OR=2.85, 95%CI (1.93, 4.23) ; OR=2.93, 95%CI (1.45, 6.94) ; OR=6.37, 95%CI (3.67, 11.31) ; OR=8.15, 95%CI (3.97, 18.47) 〕 (PLzd (82.1%) >Bdq (50.2%) >Lfx (37.5%) >Cfz (35.9%) >placebo (0.1%) . The clinical response rates for Bdq, Cfz, Lfx, Lzd and Mfx were all higher than that of placebo〔OR=2.80, 95%CI (1.74, 4.46) ; OR=2.02, 95%CI (1.33, 3.08) ; OR=4. 93, 95%CI (2.13, 11.50) ; OR=5.72, 95%CI (3.44, 10.08) ; OR=3.20, 95%CI (1.16, 9.21) 〕 (PLzd (86.2%) >Lfx (54.6%) >Bdq (47.3%) >Cfz (24.3%) >placebo (0.1%) . There were no significant differences both in the incidence of adverse reactions among the 5 anti-tuberculosis drugs and placebo (P>0.05) and in the incidence of adverse reactions of each anti-tuberculosis drugs between groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion Current evidence suggests that Mfx and Lzd are more effective than other drugs in the treatment of MDR-TB. The results of the study need to be further verified due to the small number clinical studies and sample size.

Objective To explore the expression of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and their relationship with the prognosis of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Methods We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of 120 ESCC patients. The expression of FGL1 was detected through immunohistochemistry. The distributions of intratumoral TILs (iTILs) and stromal TILs (sTILs) were evaluated under a microscope. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the patient outcomes. Results The positive rate of FGL1 in ESCC was 18.3% (22/120), and it was connected to the TNM stage, lymph node status, and TILs. A total of 73 cases (60.8%) showed low levels of iTILs (iTILs≤10%), and 47 cases (39.2%) exhibited high iTIL levels (iTILs > 10%). Similarly, 82 cases (68.3%) presented low levels of sTILs (sTILs≤10%), and 38 cases (31.7%) manifested high sTIL levels (sTILs > 10%). The distribution of iTILs was associated with FGL1, tumor differentiation, and TNM stage, whereas the distribution of sTILs was associated with FGL1, tumor location, and TNM stage. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that tumor diameter, TNM stage, lymph node status, FGL1, and TILs were associated with the prognosis of patients with ESCC (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression revealed that FGL1, TILs and TNM stage were the influencing factors of prognosis. Conclusion FGL1 expression is associated with the poor prognosis and may be a prognostic biomarker of ESCC. FGL1 combined with TILs can be used as a biomarker to predict ESCC.