5,918 results on '"Sun HS"'
Search Results
2. Liver disease during the first post-transplant year in bone marrow transplantation recipients: retrospective study
- Author
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Kim, BK, Chung, KW, Sun, HS, Suh, JG, Min, WS, Kang, CS, Sim, SI, Shin, WS, and Kim, CC
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
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3. Aortico-left Ventricular Tunnel: A Different Finding and New Experience: 26
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Wang, W, Sun, HN, Song, YH, Xu, JP, Sun, HS, and Hu, SS
- Published
- 2009
4. Early Outcome of Hybrid Revascularization in Patients with Concomitant Coronary and Peripheral Artery Disease: 10
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Gong, DX, Sun, HS, Ma, WG, Jiang, XJ, Luo, XJ, Ma, Q, Zhang, J, Wang, XQ, and Wang, W
- Published
- 2009
5. Pulmonary Flow Study in Choosing Operative Strategy for Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects: 9
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Sun, HS, Ma, WG, Ma, Q, Gong, DX, and Luo, XJ
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- 2009
6. Surgical Treatment for Prosthetic Heart Valve Dysfunction: 8
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Sun, HS, Ma, WG, Abdurusul, A, Gong, DX, Wang, W, Xu, JP, Chang, Q, and Hu, SS
- Published
- 2009
7. Re-operative Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in 25 Patients: 27
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He, D, Xu, JP, and Sun, HS
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- 2009
8. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Asian countries
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Merican, I, Guan, R, Amarapuka, D, Alexander, Mj, Chutaputti, A, Chien, Rn, Hasnian, Ss, Leung, N, Lesmana, L, Phiet, Ph, Sjalfoellah Noer, Hm, Sollano, J, Sun, Hs, and Xu, Dz
- Published
- 2000
9. Nifedipine encapsulated core-shell type nanoparticles based on poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)/poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymers
- Author
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Choon-Mee Kim, Chong-Su Cho, Young-Il Jeong, Ki Choon Choi, Sukho Park, Shim Yh, and Sun Hs
- Subjects
Materials science ,Nifedipine ,Drug Compounding ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Nanoparticle ,Bioengineering ,Poly-gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate ,Dosage form ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Core shell ,Hydrophobic effect ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Copolymer ,medicine ,Nanotechnology ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Calcium Channel Blockers ,Controlled release ,Microscopy, Electron ,Spectrometry, Fluorescence ,Polyglutamic Acid ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The diblock copolymers based on PBLG and PEO (GE) were synthesized and characterized. Nanoparticles showed spherical shape from the observations of TEM and approved core-shell structure. Drug contents were increased with use of higher initial drug concentration and higher Mw of GE. Nifedipine (NFD) release rate was slower in longer PBLG chain length and higher NFD contents than short PBLG chain length and lower drug contents of NFD due to the hydrophobic interaction between PBLG domain and NFD.
- Published
- 2004
10. Liver disease during the first post-transplant year in bone marrow transplantation recipients: retrospective study
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Chung Kw, Woo-Seung Shin, Sim Si, Chang-Suk Kang, Kim Bk, Sun Hs, Chun-Choo Kim, Suh Jg, and Min Ws
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Prednisolone ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Graft vs Host Disease ,Antineoplastic Agents ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Transplantation, Autologous ,Gastroenterology ,Liver disease ,Liver Function Tests ,immune system diseases ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Transplantation, Homologous ,Bone Marrow Transplantation ,Retrospective Studies ,Transplantation ,Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Liver Diseases ,hemic and immune systems ,Retrospective cohort study ,Hematology ,Hepatitis C Antibodies ,Hepatitis B ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Survival Rate ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Etiology ,Abnormal Liver Function Test ,Female ,Bone marrow ,Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ,business ,Viral hepatitis - Abstract
Liver dysfunction is a common problem in BMT recipients and it is important to determine the etiology in order to institute appropriate therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible causes of liver dysfunction during the first post-transplant year in BMT recipients and to identify a possible relationship between pre-existing liver dysfunction and viral hepatitis with prognosis after BMT. We reviewed liver status before and after BMT in 130 consecutive patients at the Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center. Liver dysfunction during the first post-transplant year occurred in 85 out of 101 (84.2%) allogeneic BMT recipients and 13 out of 29 (44.8%) autologous BMT recipients. In allogeneic BMT, GVHD and drug hepatotoxicity were major causes. In autologous BMT, drug hepatotoxicity was the most common cause. Eighteen out of 130 patients (13.8%) had abnormal liver function tests before BMT. These patients did not have an increased risk of post-transplant liver dysfunction, GVHD, and death compared to patients who had normal liver function tests prior to BMT. Nine patients were hepatitis B antigen positive and three patients were anti-HCV positive prior to BMT. There was no significant increase in the incidence of post-transplant liver dysfunction, GVHD, and death in these patients. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 26, 193–197.
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- 2000
11. Prognostic value of DNA flow cytometry in stomach cancer: a 5-year prospective study
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Sun Hs, Kim Wk, Chong Hyun Suh, Park Kc, Lee Ms, Min Yi, Sang We Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Jae Hoon Lee, Jung-Shin Lee, Seung-Mi Kim, and Kim Bs
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Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Population ,Biology ,Gastroenterology ,Flow cytometry ,S Phase ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Stage (cooking) ,education ,Stomach cancer ,Prospective cohort study ,prognostic factor ,DNA flow cytometry ,Aged ,education.field_of_study ,stomach cancer ,Ploidies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Stomach ,Regular Article ,DNA, Neoplasm ,Cell cycle ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Flow Cytometry ,Prognosis ,Survival Rate ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,DNA ploidy ,Oncology ,Relative risk ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,S-phase fraction ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The role of DNA flow cytometry in the prediction of prognosis for patients with stomach cancer remains to be defined. Thus we studied prospectively the role of DNA flow cytometry as a prognosis indicator in stomach cancer patients in a high-incidence area. Between November 1990 and December 1992, primary stomach cancer tissues were obtained from the surgical specimens from 217 patients (148 male, 69 female). DNA flow cytometric analyses of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction were performed and the results were correlated with patient survival. The median age of the patients was 55 years (range 24–78). Aneuploid cell population was found in 114 of 217 samples (53%). Tumour S-phase fraction was obtained in 96 of 103 diploid tumours (93%) and 61 of 114 aneuploid tumours (54%). After median follow-up of 66.1 months, the patients with tumours with an S-phase fraction over 17% had significantly worse survival rates than patients with tumours with S-phase fractions of lower than 8% or 8–17% (45% vs 59% and 63% of patients surviving, P = 0.007). Tumour ploidy status did not correlate with patient survival. Multivariate analyses showed that the TNM stage remained the most important prognostic indicator. The tumour S-phase fraction was also an independent prognostic indicator (relative risk 2.300, 95% CI, 1.252–4.223). Tumour S-phase fraction obtained by DNA flow cytometry is an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of the patients with stomach cancer. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign
- Published
- 1999
12. Mapping paddy rice with multi-date moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in China
- Author
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Sun, HS, Huang, JF, Huete, AR, Peng, DL, and Zhang, F
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering & Transports - Abstract
The objective of this study was to obtain spatial distribution maps of paddy rice fields using multi-date moderateresolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in China. Paddy rice fields were extracted by identifying the unique characteristic of high soil moisture in the flooding and transplanting period with improved algorithms based on rice growth calendar regionalization. The characteristic could be reflected by the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and the land surface water index (LSWI) derived from MODIS sensor data. Algorithms for single, early, and late rice identification were obtained from selected typical test sites. The algorithms could not only separate early rice and late rice planted in the same fields, but also reduce the uncertainties. The areal accuracy of the MODIS-derived results was validated by comparison with agricultural statistics, and the spatial matching was examined by ETM+ (enhanced thematic mapper plus) images in a test region. Major factors that might cause errors, such as the coarse spatial resolution and noises in the MODIS data, were discussed. Although not suitable for monitoring the inter-annual variations due to some inevitable factors, the MODIS-derived results were useful for obtaining spatial distribution maps of paddy rice on a large scale, and they might provide reference for further studies. © 2009 Zhejiang University and Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
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- 2009
13. CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions RID B-1239-2012
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Chatrchyan S, Hmayakyan G, Sirunyan AM, Adam W, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, Ero J, Friedl M, Fruehwirth R, Ghete V, Glaser P, Hrubec J, Jeitler M, Krammer M, Magrans I, Mikulec I, Noebauer T, Pernicka M, Rohringer H, Strauss J, Taurok A, Waltenberger W, Walzel G, Widl E, Chekhovsky V, Dvornikov O, Emeliantchik I, Litomin A, Marfin I, Mossolov V, Shumeiko N, Solin A, Stefanovitch R, Suarez Gonzalez J, Tikhonov A, Fedorov A, Korzhik M, Missevitch O, Zuyeuski R, D'Hondt J, De Weirdt S, Goorens R, Heyninck J, Lowette S, Tavernier S, Van Doninck W, Van Lancker L, Bouhali O, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Dewulf JP, Mahmoud T, Marage PE, Rugovac S, Sundararajan V, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer P, Wickens J, Assouak S, Bonnet JL, Bruno G, Caudron J, De Callatay B, De Favereau De Jeneret J, De Visscher S, Demin P, Favart D, Feltrin E, Forton E, Giammanco A, Gregoire G, Kalinin S, Kcira D, Keutgen T, Lemaitre V, Liu Y, Maltoni F, Michotte D, Militaru O, Ninane A, Ovyn S, Pierzchala T, Piotrzkowski K, Roberfroid V, Rouby X, Van der Aa O, Daubie E, Herquet P, Beaumont W, Cardaci M, De Langhe E, De Wolf EA, Rurua L, Van Mechelen P, Alves G, Souza MHG, Pol ME, Vaz M, Da Silva Di Calafiori DR, Meirelles Martinho D, Oguri V, Santoro A, Sznajder A, Vilela Pereira A, Gregores EM, Novaes SF, Anguelov G, Antchev G, Atanasov I, Damgov J, Darmenov N, Dimitrov L, Genchev V, Iaydjiev P, Panev B, Piperov S, Stoykova S, Sultanov G, Vankov I, Dimitrov A, Kozhuharov V, Litov L, Makariev M, Marinov A, Marinova E, Markov S, Mateev M, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Sabev C, Toteva Z, Verguilov V, Bai J, Chen GM, Chen HS, Guo YN, He KL, Jiang CH, Ke ZJ, Li B, Li J, Li WG, Liu HM, Qin G, Qiu JF, Shen XY, Sun G, Sun HS, Teng C, Wang YY, Xue Z, Yue X, Zhang SQ, Zhang Y, Zhao WR, Zhu GY, Zhuang HL, Ban Y, Cai J, Liu S, Qian SJ, Yang ZC, Ye YL, Ying J, Wu J, Zhang ZP, Carrillo Montoya CA, Godinovic N, Puljak I, Soric I, Antunovic Z, Dzelalija M, Marasovic K, Brigljevic V, Kadija K, Morovic S, Planinic M, Nicolaou C, Papadakis A, Ptochos F, Razis PA, Tsiakkouri D, Hektor A, Kadastik M, Kannike K, Lippmaa E, Muntel M, Raidal M, Aarnio PA, Czellar S, Heikkinen A, Harkonen J, Karimaki V, Kinnunen R, Lampen T, Lassila Perini K, Lehti S, Linden T, Luukka PR, Michal S, Maenpaa T, Nysten J, Tuominen E, Tuominiemi J, Wendland L, Polese G, Tuuva T, Guillaud JP, Nedelec P, Sillou D, Anfreville M, Bougamont E, Bredy P, Chipaux R, Dejardin M, Denegri D, Descamps J, Fabbro B, Faure JL, Ganjour S, Gentit FX, Givernaud A, Gras P, Hamel de Monchenault G, Jarry P, Kircher F, Lemaire MC, Levesy B, Locci E, Lottin JP, Mandjavidze I, Mur M, Pasquetto E, Payn A, Rander J, Reymond JM, Rondeaux F, Rosowsky A, Rousse JYA, Sun ZH, Verrecchia P, Baffioni S, Bercher M, Bernet C, Berthon U, Bimbot S, Bourotte J, Busson P, Busson M, Chamont D, Charlot C, Collard C, Decotigny D, Dobrzynski L, Gaillac AM, Geerebaert Y, Gilly J, Haguenauer M, Karar A, Mathieu A, Milleret G, Mine P, Paganini P, Romanteau T, Semeniouk I, Sirois Y, Agram JL, Andrea J, Berst JD, Bloch D, Brom JM, Didierjean F, Drouhin F, Fontaine JC, Goerlach U, Graehling P, Gross L, Houchu L, Juillot P, Lounis A, Maazouzi C, Mangeol D, Olivetto C, Todorov T, Van Hove P, Vintache D, Ageron M, Baulieu G, Bedjidian M, Blaha J, Bonnevaux A, Boudoul G, Chabanat E, Chabert EC, Combaret C, Contardo D, Della Negra R, Depasse P, Dupasquier T, El Mamouni H, Estre N, Fay J, Gascon S, Giraud N, Girerd C, Haroutunian R, Ianigro JC, Ille B, Lethuillier M, Lumb N, Mathez H, Maurelli G, Perries S, Ravat O, Verdier P, Roinishvili V, Adolphi R, Brauer R, Braunschweig W, Esser H, Feld L, Karpinski W, Klein K, Kukulies C, Olzem J, Ostapchuk A, Pandoulas D, Pierschel G, Raupach F, Schael S, Schwering G, Thomas M, Weber M, Wittmer B, Wlochal M, Adolf A, Biallass P, Bontenackels M, Erdmann M, Fesefeldt H, Hebbeker T, Hilgers G, Hoepfner K, Hof C, Kappler S, Kirsch M, Kreuzer P, Lanske D, Philipps B, Reithler H, Sowa M, Szczesny H, Teyssier D, Tsigenov O, Beissel F, Davids M, Duda M, Flugge G, Franke T, Giffels M, Hermanns T, Heydhausen D, Kasselmann S, Kaussen G, Kress T, Linn A, Nowack A, Poettgens M, Pooth O, Stahl A, Tornier D, Zoeller MH, Flossdorf A, Hegner B, Mnich J, Rosemann C, Bechtel F, Butz E, Flucke G, Holm U, Klanner R, Pein U, Schirm N, Schleper P, Steinbruck G, Stoye M, Van Staa R, Wick K, Blum P, Buege V, Cakir A, De Boer W, Dirkes G, Fahrer M, Feindt M, Felzmann U, Frey M, Furgeri A, Hartmann F, Heier S, Jung C, Ledermann B, Muller T, Niegel M, Oehler A, Ortega Gomez T, Piasecki C, Quast G, Rabbertz K, Sabellek A, Saout C, Scheurer A, Schieferdecker D, Schilling FP, Schmidt A, Simonis HJ, Theel A, Vest A, Wagner W, Weiser C, Weng J, Zhukov V, Anagnostou G, Barone M, Geralis T, Karafasoulis K, Koimas A, Kyriakis A, Kyriazopoulou S, Loukas D, Markou A, Markou C, Mavrommatis C, Theofilatos K, Vermisoglou G, Zachariadou A, Karapostoli G, Katsas P, Lebeau M, Panagiotou A, Papadimitropoulos C, Evangelou I, Kokkas P, Manthos N, Papadopoulos I, Triantis FA, Bencze G, Boldizsar L, Debreczeni G, Hajdu C, Horvath D, Krajczar K, Laszlo A, Odor G, Patay G, Sikler F, Toth N, Vesztergombi G, Zalan P, Molnar J, Beni N, Kapusi A, Marian G, Raics R, Szabo Z, Szillasi Z, Zilizi G, Bawa HS, Beri SB, Bhandari V, Bhatnagar V, Jindal P, Kaur M, Kaur R, Kohli JM, Kumar A, Singh JB, Bhattacharya S, Chatterji S, Chauhan S, Choudhary BC, Gupta P, Jha M, Ranjan K, Shivpuri RK, Srivastava AK, Borkar S, Choudhury RK, Datar V, Dixit M, Dutta D, Ghodgaonkar M, Kataria SK, Lalwani SK, Mishra V, Mohanty AK, Pant L, Suryanarayana S, Topkar A, Aziz T, Banerjee S, Bose S, Chendvankar S, Deshpande PV, Guchait M, Gurtu A, Maity M, Majumder G, Mazumdar K, Nayak A, Patil MR, Sharma S, Sudhakar K, Acharya BS, Bheesette S, Dugad S, Kalmani SD, Lakkireddi VR, Mondal NK, Panyam N, Verma P, Arabgol M, Arfaei H, Hashemi M, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi Najafabadi M, Moshaii A, Paktinat Mehdiabadi S, Felcini M, Grunewald M, Abbrescia M, Barbone L, Colaleo A, Creanza D, De Filippis N, De Palma M, Donvito G, Fiore L, Giordano D, Iaselli G, Loddo F, Maggi G, Maggi M, Manna N, Marangelli B, Mennea MS, My S, Natali S, Nuzzo S, Pugliese G, Radicci V, Ranieri A, Romano F, Selvaggi G, Silvestris L, Tempesta P, Trentadue R, Zito G, Abbiendi G, Bacchi W, Battilana C, Benvenuti A, Bonacorsi D, Braibant Giacomelli S, Capiluppi P, Castro A, Cavallo FR, Ciocca C, Codispoti G, D'Antone I, Dallavalle GM, Fabbri F, Fanfani A, Giacomelli P, Grandi C, Guerzoni M, Guiducci L, Marcellini S, Masetti G, Montanari A, Navarria F, Odorici F, Perrotta A, Rossi A, Rovelli T, Siroli G, Travaglini R, Albergo S, Bellini V, Chiorboli M, Costa S, Galanti M, Potenza R, Sutera C, Tricomi A, Tuve C, Ciraolo G, Ciulli V, Civinini C, D'Alessandro R, Focardi E, Genta C, Landi G, Lenzi P, Macchiolo A, Magini N, Manolescu F, Marchettini C, Masetti L, Mersi S, Meshini M, Paoletti S, Parrini G, Sani M, Sguazzoni G, Benussi L, Bertani M, Bianco S, Caponero M, Colonna D, La Monaca A, Pallotta M, Paolozzi A, Bozzo M, Fabbricatore P, Farinon S, Ferro F, Greco M, Cattaneo G, De Min A, Dominoni M, Farina FM, Ferri F, Ghezzi A, Govoni P, Leporini R, Magni S, Malberti M, Malvezzi S, Marelli S, Menasce D, Moroni L, Negri P, Paganoni M, Pedrini D, Pullia A, Ragazzi S, Redaelli N, Rovere M, Sala L, Sala S, Salerno R, Tabarelli de Fatis T, Vigano S, Comunale G, Fabozzi F, Lomidze D, Mele S, Paolucci P, Piccolo D, Sciacca C, Azzi P, Bacchetta N, Bellato M, Benettoni M, Bisello D, Borsato E, Candelori A, Checchia P, Conti E, Dal Corso F, De Mattia M, Dorigo T, Dosselli U, Drollinger V, Gasparini F, Gasparini U, Giubilato P, Gonella F, Kaminskiy A, Karaevskii S, Khomenkov V, Lacaprara S, Lippi I, Loreti M, Lytovchenko O, Mazzucato M, Meneguzzo AT, Michelotto M, Montecassiano F, Nigro M, Pantano D, Parenti A, Passaseo M, Pegoraro M, Rampazzo G, Ronchese P, Sgaravatto M, Torassa E, Vanini S, Ventura S, Verlato M, Zanetti M, Zotto P, Zumerle G, Belli G, Berzano U, De Vecchi C, Grelli A, Necchi MM, Ratti SP, Riccardi C, Sani G, Torre P, Vitulo P, Ambroglini F, Babucci E, Benedetti D, Biasini M, Bilei GM, Caponeri B, Checcucci B, Fano L, Giorgi M, Lariccia P, Mantovani G, Passeri D, Placidi P, Postolache V, Santocchia A, Servoli L, Spiga D, Tonoiu D, Azzurri P, Bagliesi G, Basti A, Benucci L, Bernardini J, Boccali T, Bocci A, Borrello L, Bosi F, CALZOLARI, FEDERICO, Carboni A, Castaldi R, Cerri C, Cucoanes AS, Dell'Orso R, Dutta S, Foa L, Gennai S, Giassi A, Kartashov D, Linari S, Lomtadze T, Lungu GA, Mangano B, Martinelli G, Massa M, Messineo A, Moggi A, Palla F, Palmonari F, Petrucciani G, Raffaelli F, Rizzi A, Sanguinetti G, Segneri G, Sentenac D, Serban AT, Slav A, Spagnolo P, Tenchini R, Tonelli G, Venturi A, Verdini PG, Vos M, Baccaro S, Barone L, Bartoloni A, Cavallari F, Costantini S, Dafinei I, Del Re D, Diemoz M, Gargiulo C, Longo E, Meridiani P, Organtini G, Palma A, Paramatti R, Rahatlou S, Rovelli C, Santanastasio F, Valente V, Arcidiacono R, Argiro S, Bellan R, Biino C, Bolognesi S, Cartiglia N, Cerminara G, Cordero M, Costa M, Dattola D, Dellacasa G, Demaria N, Mariotti C, Maselli S, Mereu P, Migliore E, Monaco V, Nervo M, Obertino MM, Pastrone N, Petrillo G, Romero A, Sacchi R, Staiano A, Trapani PP, Belforte S, Cossutti F, Della Ricca G, Gobbo B, Kavka C, Kim DH, Kim JC, Kim WY, Oh SK, Ro SR, So DC, Jung SY, Rhee JT, Hong BS, Hong SJ, Lee KS, Moon DH, Park SK, Sim KS, Castilla Valdez H, Sanchez Hernandez A, Carrillo Moreno S, Salazar Ibarguen HA, Morelos Pineda A, Gray RNC, Krofcheck D, Bell AJ, Bernardino Rodrigues N, Butler PH, Churchwell S, Williams JC, Aftab A, Ahamd U, Ahmed I, Asghar MI, Asghar S, Hafeez M, Hoorani HR, Iftikhar M, Khan MS, Osman A, Solaija T, Zafar AR, Blocki J, Cyz A, Gladysz Dziadus E, Mikicki S, Turnau J, Wlodarczyk Z, Zychowski P, Bunkowski K, Czyrkowski H, Dabrowski R, Dominik W, Doroba K, Kalinowski A, Konecki M, Krolikowski J, Kudla IM, Pietrusinski M, Pozniak K, Zabolotny W, Zych P, Bluj M, Gokieli R, Gorski M, Goscilo L, Nawrocki K, Traczyk P, Wrochna G, Zalewski P, Alemany Fernandez R, Almeida C, Almeida N, Araujo Trindade A, Bordalo P, Bugalho De Moura R, Da Silva Rodrigues P, David A, Gomes J, Husejko M, Ingenito P, Jain A, Kazana M, Musella P, Ramos S, Rasteiro Da Silva J, Ribeiro PQ, Santos M, Semiao J, Silva P, Teixeira I, Teixeira JP, Varela J, Vaz Cardoso N, Babich K, Bardin D, Belotelov I, Bunin P, Chesnevskaya S, Elsha V, Ershov Y, Ershov I, Finger M, Golunov A, Golutvin I, Gorbounov N, Kalagin V, Kamenev A, Karjavin V, Khabarov S, Khabarov V, Kiryushin Y, Konoplyanikov V, Korenkov V, Kurenkov A, Lanev A, Lysiakov V, Malakhov A, Melnitchenko I, Mitsyn VV, Moisenz K, Moisenz P, Movchan S, Nikonov E, Oleynik D, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Petrosyan A, Rogalev E, Samsonov V, Savina M, Semenov R, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Sluneckova V, Smirnov V, Smolin D, Tcheremoukhine A, Teryaev O, Tikhonenko E, Vassiliev S, Vishnevskiy A, Volodko A, Volodko N, Zarubin A, Zubarev E, Bondar N, Gavrilov G, Golovtsov V, Ivanov Y, Kim V, Kozlov V, Lebedev V, Makarenkov G, Obrant G, Orishchin E, Shchetkovskiy A, Shevel A, Sknar V, Smirnov I, Sulimov V, Tarakanov V, Uvarov L, Velichko G, Volkov S, Vorobyev A, Andreev Y, Anisimov A, Anisimov S, Golubev N, Gorbunov D, Ivashkin A, Kirsanov M, Kovzelev A, Krasnikov N, Matveev V, Pashenkov A, Pastsyak A, Postoev VE, Sadovski A, Solovey A, Soloviev D, Toropin A, Gavrilov V, Ilina N, Kaftanov V, Kiselevich I, Kolosov V, Kossov M, Krokhotin A, Kuleshov S, Oulianov A, Safronov G, Semenov S, Stolin V, Vlasov E, Zaytsev V, Boos E, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Eyyubova G, Gloukhov R, Gribushin A, Ilyin V, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Kruglov NA, Kryukov A, Lokhtin I, Mikhaylin V, Petrushanko S, Sarycheva L, Savrin V, Shamardin L, Sherstnev A, Snigirev A, Teplov K, Vardanyan I, Devitsin E, Fomenko AM, Konovalova N, Lebedev AI, Lvova N, Potashov S, Rusakov SV, Terkulov A, Abramov V, Akimenko S, Ashimova A, Azhgirey I, Bitioukov S, Chikilev O, Datsko K, Filine A, Godizov A, Goncharov P, Grishin V, Inyakin A, Kachanov V, Kalinin A, Khmelnikov A, Konstantinov D, Korablev A, Kozlovskiy E, Krychkine V, Levine A, Lobov I, Lukanin V, Petrov V, Petukhov V, Pikalov V, Ponomarev P, Ryutin R, Shelikhov V, Skvortsov V, Slabospitsky S, Soumaneev O, Sytine A, Talov V, Tourtchanovitch L, Troshin S, Tyurin N, Uzunian A, Volkov A, Zelepoukine S, Adzic P, Krpic D, Maletic D, Milenovic P, Puzovic J, Smiljkovic N, Zupan M, Aguilar Benitez M, Alberdi J, Alcaraz Maestre J, Aldaya Martin M, Arce P, Barcala JM, Burgos Lazaro C, Caballero Bejar J, Calvo E, Cardenas Montes M, Cerrada M, Chamizo Llatas M, Colino N, Daniel M, De La Cruz B, Delgado Peris A, Fernandez Bedoya C, Ferrando A, Fouz MC, Garcia Abia P, Gonzalez Lopez O, Hernandez JM, Josa MI, Luque JM, Marin J, Merino G, Molinero A, Navarrete JJ, Oller JC, Perez Calle E, Romero L, Villanueva Munoz C, Willmott C, Yuste C, Albajar C, de Troconiz JF, Delmeire E, Jimenez I, Teixeira 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- Subjects
High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies root(NN)-N-S = 5(5 TeV, will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction - Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) - in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low p(T) inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high p(T) hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.
- Published
- 2007
14. CMS physics technical design report, volume II: Physics performance RID A-6508-2010 RID H-5657-2011 RID G-1804-2011 RID A-6796-2008 RID G-1145-2010 RID D-8853-2011 RID F-3783-2010 RID E-8846-2011 RID A-4009-2011 RID A-3408-2011 RID A-5848-2010 RID D-2463-2009 RID C-8364-2011 RID D-6993-2011 RID C-9693-2010 RID G-3964-2010
- Author
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Bayatian GL, Chatrchyan S, Hmayakyan G, Sirunyan AM, Adam W, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, Ero J, Friedl M, Fruehwirth R, Ghete V, Glaser P, Hrubec J, Jeitler M, Krammer M, Magrans I, Mikulec I, Mitaroff W, Noebauer T, Pernicka M, Porth P, Rohringer H, Strauss J, Taurok A, Waltenberger W, Walzel G, Widl E, Wulz CE, Fedorov A, Korzhik M, Missevitch O, Zuyeuski R, Chekhovsky V, Dvornikov O, Emeliantchik I, Litomin A, Mossolov V, Shumeiko N, Solin A, Stefanovitch R, Gonzalez JS, Tikhonov A, Petrov V, D'Hondt J, De Weirdt S, Goorens R, Heyninck J, Lowette S, Tavernier S, Van Doninck W, Van Lancker L, Bouhali O, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Dewulf JP, Mahmoud T, Marage PE, Neukermans L, Sundararajan V, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer P, Wickens J, Assouak S, Bonnet JL, Bruno G, Caudron J, De Callatay B, De Jeneret JD, De Visscher S, Delaere C, Demin P, Favart D, Feltrin E, Forton E, Gregoire G, Kalinin S, Kcira D, Keutgen T, Leibenguth G, Lemaitre V, Liu Y, Michotte D, Militaru O, Ninane A, Ovyn S, 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Wgd, Gershtein, Y, Hagopian, S, Hagopian, V, Jenkins, M, Johnson, Kf, Prosper, H, Wahl, H, Baarmand, M, Baksay, L, Guragain, S, Hohlmann, M, Mermerkaya, H, Ralich, R, Vodopiyanov, I, Adams, Mr, Betts, Rr, Gerber, Ce, Shabalina, E, Smith, C, Ten, T, Akgun, U, Ayan, A, Cooper, A, Debbins, P, Duru, F, Fountain, M, George, N, Mccliment, E, Merlo, Jp, Mestvirishvili, A, Miller, Mj, Newsom, Cr, Norbeck, E, Onel, Y, Schmidt, I, Wang, S, Anderson, Ew, Atramentov, O, Hauptman, Jm, Lamsa, J, Barnett, Ba, Blumenfeld, B, Chien, Cy, Kim, Dw, Maksimovic, P, Spangler, S, Swartz, M, Baringer, P, Bean, A, Coppage, D, Grachov, O, Kim, Ej, Murray, M, Bandurin, D, Bolton, T, Khanov, A, Maravin, Y, Onoprienko, D, Rizatdinova, F, Sidwell, R, Stanton, N, Von Toerne, E, Baden, D, Bard, R, Eno, Sc, Grassi, T, Hadley, Nj, Kellogg, Rg, Kunori, S, Ratnikov, F, Skuja, A, Arcidiacono, R, Ballintijn, M, Bauer, G, Harris, P, Kravchenko, I, Loizides, C, Nahn, S, Paus, C, Pavlon, S, Roland, C, Roland, G, Sumorok, K, 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M, Smith, D, Baek, Yw, Bellinger, Jn, Bradley, D, Carlsmith, D, Crotty, I, Dasu, S, Feyzi, F, Gorski, T, Grothe, M, Hogg, W, Jaworski, M, Klabbers, P, Lanaro, A, Loveless, R, de Abril, Mm, Reeder, D, Smith, Wh, Wenman, D, Atoyan, G, Dhawan, S, Issakov, V, Neal, H, Poblaguev, A, Zeller, Me, and Yuldashev, Bs
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High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Experiment - Abstract
CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability of the CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at the TeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking - through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry out this task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as the Higgs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles, from the start- up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale may manifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb(-1) or less. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to study in great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysis on CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge the performance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decay channels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' and supersymmetric particles, B(s) production and processes in heavy ion collisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtle effects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment. Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studied for a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and also in theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminosities ranging from 1 fb(-1) to 30 fb(-1). The Standard Model processes include QCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quark properties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z(0) boson properties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studied for many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs boson properties can be derived is determined. About ten different supersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. The CMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering a large variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach for a plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notably extra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgs models, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between models have been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1, the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6 describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons, jets, missing E(T), B-mesons and tau's, and for quarkonia in heavy ion collisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Model processes, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
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- 2007
15. Association of tryptophan hydroxylase gene polymorphism with depression, anxiety and comorbid depression and anxiety in a population-based sample of postpartum Taiwanese women
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Tzung-Lieh Yeh, Tsai Hw, Sun Hs, Ko Hc, and Chang Fm
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Adult ,Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ,Population ,Taiwan ,Physiology ,Anxiety ,Tryptophan Hydroxylase ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Linkage Disequilibrium ,Depression, Postpartum ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Reference Values ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,education.field_of_study ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,TPH1 ,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ,Haplotype ,Postpartum Period ,Tryptophan hydroxylase ,Neurology ,Haplotypes ,Female ,Gene polymorphism ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Postpartum period ,Clinical psychology ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Depression and anxiety disorders often coexist clinically and both are known to have a genetic basis, but the mode of inheritance is too complicated to be determined so far. Serotonin is the biogenic amine neurotransmitter most commonly associated with depression and anxiety. Since tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis, its role in the pathophysiology of these psychiatric diseases has been intensively studied. In this study, we examined whether polymorphism of the TPH1 gene is related to the etiology of major depression, anxiety and comorbid depression and anxiety. Five single nucleoside polymorphisms of the TPH1 gene were studied in a population-based sample of postpartum Taiwanese women consisting of 120 subjects with depression or/and anxiety and 86 matched normal controls. A significant difference (P = 0.0107) in genotype frequency for the T27224C polymorphism was found between the comorbid and normal groups, and risk analysis showed that the C allele conferred a strong protective effect (odds ratio = 0.27; 95% confident interval = 0.11-0.7). Three-allele haplotypes involving T27224C polymorphism were constructed and haplotype associations between particular haplotype combinations and various diseases identified. However, the associations were weak and the overall haplotype frequency profiles in all groups were similar. The results suggest that depression, anxiety, and comorbid depression and anxiety disorders may have related etiologies. In addition, this study suggests that the TPH1 gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of these closely related disorders.
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- 2004
16. Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC
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Chatrchyan, S, Khachatryan, V, Sirunyan, AM, Tumasyan, A, Adam, W, Aguilo, E, Bergauer, T, Dragicevic, M, Eroe, J, Fabjan, C, Friedl, M, Laird, E, Liu, C, Maroussov, V, Merkel, P, Miller, DH, Miyamoto, J, Neumeister, N, Rohringer, C, Radi, A, Rott, C, Bilei, GM, Landsberg, G, Kim, JH, Roy, A, Shipsey, I, Silvers, D, Svyatkovskiy, A, Marono, MV, Yoo, HD, Zablocki, J, Zheng, Y, Guragain, S, Luk, M, Hektor, A, Park, C, Parashar, N, Adair, A, Boulahouache, C, Cuplov, V, Ecklund, KM, Geurts, FJM, Lee, SJ, Li, W, Narain, M, Liu, JH, Matveev, M, Park, IC, Kadastik, M, Padley, BP, Redjimi, R, Roberts, J, Tumanov, A, Yepes, P, Zabel, J, Nguyen, D, Betchart, B, Bodek, A, Budd, H, Park, S, Chung, YS, Kannike, K, Covarelli, R, de Barbaro, P, Demina, R, Eshaq, Y, Segala, M, Ferbel, T, Garcia-Bellido, A, Ginther, G, Goldenzweig, P, Ryu, G, Gotra, Y, Han, J, Muentel, M, Harel, A, Korjenevski, S, Sinthuprasith, T, Miner, DC, Orbaker, D, Sakumoto, W, Slattery, P, Vishnevskiy, D, Choi, Y, Zielinski, M, 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S, Jindal, P, Pegna, DL, Lujan, P, Bian, JG, Marlow, D, Medvedeva, T, Mooney, M, Olsen, J, Choi, M, Piroue, P, Quan, X, Raval, A, Kamel, AE, Saka, H, Hooper, R, Stickland, D, Tully, C, Werner, JS, Wildish, T, Xie, Z, Hahn, G, Zenz, SC, Zuranski, A, Acosta, JG, Del Alamo, MB, Jabeen, S, Brownson, E, Huang, XT, Lopez, A, Mendez, H, Oliveros, S, Kang, S, Vargas, JER, Zatserklyaniy, A, Alagoz, E, Kukartsev, G, Arndt, K, Barnes, VE, Mahmoud, MA, Benedetti, D, Bolla, G, Bortoletto, D, Bujak, A, Zaganidis, N, De Mattia, M, Everett, A, Amapane, N, Gutay, L, Hu, Z, Jones, M, Koybasi, O, Mahrous, A, Kress, M, Laasanen, AT, and Leonardo, N
- Abstract
Results are presented from searches for the standard model Higgs boson in proton–proton collisions At √s = 7 and 8 TeV in the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at the LHC, using data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to 5.1 fb−1 at 7TeV and 5.3 fb−1 at 8 TeV. The search is performed in five decay modes: γγ, ZZ, W+W−, τ+τ−, and bb. An excess of events is observed above the expected background, with a local significance of 5.0 standard deviations, at a mass near 125 GeV, signalling the production of a new particle. The expected significance for a standard model Higgs boson of that mass is 5.8 standard deviations. The excess is most significant in the two decay modes with the best mass resolution, γγ and ZZ; a fit to these signals gives a mass of 125.3±0.4(stat.)±0.5(syst.) GeV. The decay to two photons indicates that the new particle is a boson with spin different from one., The article is the pre-print version of the final publishing paper that is available from the link below.
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- 2012
17. Novel exon nucleotide substitution at the splice junction causes a neonatal Marfan syndrome
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Chao, S‐C, primary, Chen, J‐S, additional, Tsai, C‐H, additional, Lin, JY‐M, additional, Lin, Y‐J, additional, and Sun, HS, additional
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- 2010
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18. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the elementary school students and their parents in Korea
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Chung, IS, primary, Oh, SH, additional, Kim, JK, additional, Kim, SJ, additional, Park, SH, additional, Choi, MG, additional, Sun, HS, additional, Park, DH, additional, and Kim, BS, additional
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- 1995
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19. Population-specific functional variant of the TPH2 gene 2755C<GT>A polymorphism contributes risk association to major depression and anxiety in Chinese peripartum women.
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Lin YJ, Ko H, Chang F, Yeh T, and Sun HS
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The rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 ( TPH2), is one of the most promising candidate genes for psychiatric disorders. Although evidence strongly suggests that the TPH2 is significant in the etiology of major depression and anxiety disorder, whether it also contributes to the etiology of peripartum major depression and anxiety disorder, a specific subtype influenced considerably by other environmental factors like hormones, is unclear. This study investigated the role of TPH2 in the etiology of peripartum major depression and anxiety disorder in a Han Chinese population in Taiwan. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected from previously profiled genetic information of TPH2 in Han Chinese. A cohort of postpartum Chinese women that included 117 patients with major depression, anxiety disorder, or both and 83 healthy controls were genotyped with selected TPH2 markers. The TPH2 2755A allele was found only in women with peripartum major depression and anxiety disorder ( p = 0.043) and exhibited a dominant gene action ( p = 0.038) with an estimated disease risk of 1.73. Although the sample size is small, results from this study suggest that the TPH2 C2755A polymorphism may represent a population-specific risk factor for peripartum major depression and anxiety disorder, perhaps by interacting with hormones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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20. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the tryptophan hydroxylase gene is associated with alcohol dependence in one Aboriginal group in Taiwan.
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Sun HS, Fann CS, Lane H, Chang Y, Chang C, Liu Y, and Cheng AT
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BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms within intron 7 of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1) gene were found to be associated with alcohol dependence in different ethnic groups, including the aboriginal Bunun group in Taiwan. This study aimed to identify genetic variants at the TPH1 locus and to examine their associations with alcoholism. We hypothesized that the polymorphism of TPH1 gene is functional and influences the human circadian rhythm to contribute to the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence. METHODS: DNA from the Taiwanese Han and Bunun was subjected to sequence for screening genetic variation in the coding and promoter regions of the TPH1 locus. Polymorphisms among individuals with alcohol dependence and control subjects in two ethnic groups in Taiwan were investigated. RESULTS: Three variants in the TPH1 promoter region were identified, and the markers are in complete linkage disequilibrium in both populations. Positive associations at both allelic and genotypic levels were obtained between case and control groups in the Bunun. Expression studies demonstrated that the variants indeed affected reporter gene activity in human choriocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in the promoter region may influence the function of the TPH1 gene and further influence the proclivity of alcohol dependence in one ethnic group in Taiwan. The associations between TPH1 genotypes and alcoholism may deserve further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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21. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Asian countries.
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I Merican,, Dato, Merican, I, Guan, R, Amarapuka, D, Alexander, Mj, Chutaputti, A, Chien, Rn, Hasnian, Ss, Leung, N, Lesmana, L, Phiet, Ph, Sjalfoellah Noer, Hm, Sollano, J, Sun, Hs, and Xu, Dz
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HEPATITIS B virus ,VACCINATION - Abstract
Abstract Of the estimated 50 million new cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection diagnosed annually, 5–10% of adults and up to 90% of infants will become chronically infected, 75% of these in Asia where hepatitis B is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In Indonesia, 4.6% of the population was positive for HBsAg in 1994 and of these, 21% were positive for HBeAg and 73% for anti-HBe; 44% and 45% of Indonesian patients with cirrhosis and HCC, respectively, were HBsAg positive. In the Philippines, there appear to be two types of age-specific HBsAg prevalence, suggesting different modes of transmission. In Thailand, 8–10% of males and 6–8% of females are HBsAg positive, with HBsAg also found in 30% of patients with cirrhosis and 50–75% of those with HCC. In Taiwan, 75–80% of patients with chronic liver disease are HBsAg positive, and HBsAg is found in 34% and 72% of patients with cirrhosis and HCC, respectively. In China, 73% of patients with chronic hepatitis and 78% and 71% of those with cirrhosis and HCC, respectively, are HBsAg positive. In Singapore, the prevalence of HBsAg has dropped since the introduction of HBV vaccination and the HBsAg seroprevalence of unvaccinated individuals over 5 years of age is 4.5%. In Malaysia, 5.24% of healthy volunteers, with a mean age of 34 years, were positive for HBsAg in 1997. In the highly endemic countries in Asia, the majority of infections are contracted postnatally or perinatally. Three phases of chronic HBV infection are recognized: phase 1 patients are HBeAg positive with high levels of virus in the serum and minimal hepatic inflammation; phase 2 patients have intermittent or continuous hepatitis of varying degrees of severity; phase 3 is the inactive phase during which viral concentrations are low and there is minimal inflammatory activity in the liver. In general, patients who clear HBeAg have a better prognosis than patients who remain HBeAg-positive for prolonged periods of time. The outcome after anti-HBe seroconversion depends on the degree of pre-existing liver damage and any subsequent HBV reactivation. Without pre-existing cirrhosis, there may be only slight fibrosis or mild chronic hepatitis, but with pre-existing cirrhosis, further complications may ensue. HBsAg-negative chronic hepatitis B is a phase of chronic HBV infection during which a mutation arises resulting in the inability of the virus to produce HBeAg. Such patients tend to have more severe liver disease and run a more rapidly progressive course. The annual probability of developing cirrhosis varies from 0.1 to 1.0% depending on the duration of HBV replication, the severity of disease and the presence of concomitant infections or drugs. The annual incidence of hepatic decompensation in HBV-related cirrhosis varies from 2 to 10% and in these patients the 5-year survival rate drops dramatically to 14–35%. The annual risk of developing HCC in patients with cirrhosis varies between 1 and 6%; the overall reported annual detection rate of HCC in surveillance studies, which included individuals with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis, is 0.8–4.1%. Chronic hepatitis B is not a static disease and the natural history of the disease is affected by both viral and host factors. The prognosis is poor with decompensated cirrhosis and effective treatment options are limited. Prevention of HBV infection thorough vaccination is still, therefore, the best strategy for decreasing the incidence of hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis and HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2000
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22. Abstract: Cosmetic Tourism: An Infectious Disease Burden
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Sun Hsieh, MD, Jonathan Bass, MD, Charles Jehle, MD, Zachary Okhah, MD, Angie Paik, MD, and Karl H. Breuing, MD, FACS
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Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2018
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23. Abstract: Treatment of Open Hand Fractures in the Emergency Department: Bedside Washout Vs Operative Washout and Infection Risk as a Correlate of Time to Definitive Operative Management
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Jonathan L. Bass, MD, William K. Snapp, MD, Sun Hsieh, MD, Adnan Prsic, MD, Nicholas Nissen, BS, Geoffrey Hogan, BS, Reena Bhatt, MD, Albert S. Woo, MD, and Scott Schmidt, MD
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Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2018
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24. Risk of pneumocystosis after early discontinuation of prophylaxis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy
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Liu Wen-Chun, Lo Yi-Chun, Sun Hsin-Yun, Sheng Wang-Huei, Hsieh Szu-Min, Chen Mao-Yuan, Cheng Chien-Yu, and Hung Chien-Ching
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Risk of pneumocystosis after discontinuation of primary or secondary prophylaxis among HIV-infected patients before CD4 counts increase to ≧200 cells/μL (early discontinuation) after receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is rarely investigated. Methods Medical records of 660 HIV-infected patients with baseline CD4 counts Results The incidence rate of pneumocystosis after HAART was 2.81 per 100 person-years among 521 patients who did not initiate prophylaxis or had early discontinuation of prophylaxis, which was significantly higher than the incidence rate of 0.45 per 100 person-years among 139 patients who continued prophylaxis until CD4 counts increased to ≧200 cells/μL (adjusted risk ratio, 5.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.18, 23.94). Among the 215 patients who had early discontinuation of prophylaxis after achievement of undetectable plasma HIV RNA load, the incidence rate of pneumocystosis was reduced to 0.31 per 100 person-years, which was similar to that of the patients who continued prophylaxis until CD4 counts increased to ≧200 cells/μL (adjusted risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.03, 14.89). Conclusions Compared with the risk of pneumocystosis among patients who continued prophylaxis until CD4 counts increased to ≧200 cells/μL after HAART, the risk was significantly higher among patients who discontinued prophylaxis when CD4 counts remained
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- 2010
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25. Clinical meaning of age-related expression of fecal cytokeratin 19 in colorectal malignancy
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Sun Hsiao-Lun, Lin Chih-Ming, Lee Chia-Long, Pan Shiann, Chen Shu-Hung, Chien Chih-Cheng, Yang Shung-Haur, Chang Chun-Chao, Huang Chi-Cheng, Wu Yih-Yiing, Yang Ruey-Neng, and Huang Chi-Jung
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of malignant death worldwide. Because young age of onset is often considered a poor prognostic factor for CRC, it is important to identify the poor outcomes of CRC in a younger population and to consider an aggressive approach by implementing early treatment. Our aim was to specifically quantify the fecal cytokeratin 19 (CK19) transcript from CRC patients and investigate its correlation with clinical stage, tumor malignancy, and age. Methods The quantitation of fecal CK19 transcript was determined by a quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain in 129 CRC patients (45 younger than 60 years at diagnosis) and 85 healthy controls. The levels of CK19 protein were examined both in colonic cell lines and tissues. Results The analysis of 45 younger CRC patients (age ≤ 60 years) revealed that patients at the M1 stage had significantly higher expression levels of fecal CK19 mRNA when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.001) and patients at the M0 stage (p = 0.004). Additionally, the degree of consistency between the mean level of fecal CK19 mRNA and the distant metastatic rate in each age interval was up to 89% (p = 0.042). Conclusion These results indicate that high levels of fecal CK19 mRNA represent a potential marker for colorectal malignancy and for aggressive treatment of younger CRC patients.
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- 2009
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26. Prevalence of heroin and methamphetamine male users in the northern Taiwan, 1999–2002: capture-recapture estimates
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Sun Hsiao-Ju, Chang Yuan-Ying, Chen Chuan-Yu, Chiang Shu-Chuan, and Chen Wei J
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Illegal drug use and related problems have been emerging as an important public health issue in Taiwan. Via the capture-recapture approach, the present study aimed to offer insights into the size of heroin and methamphetamine male user population in the northern Taiwan during the period from 1999 to 2002. Methods Annual lists of male subjects were collated from both judiciary and medical systems in Taoyuan County, Taiwan. A total of 2809, 2486, 1661, and 1440 local male illegal drug users aged 15 to 54 years were identified in Taoyuan County from 1999 to 2002, respectively. Results An estimated number of 16192, 14532, 16844, and 11783 local male methamphetamine or heroin users were found in each of the four consecutive years in the region. From 1999 to 2002, the annual prevalence rate for heroin use was 0.27% (95% CI = 0.20%, 0.38%), 0.33% (95% CI = 0.25%, 0.44%), 0.63% (95% CI = 0.44%, 0.92%), and 0.72% (95% CI = 0.54%, 0.97%), respectively, suggesting a trend of significant increase (chi-square for linear trend = 1677.76, d.f. = 3, p < 0.0001). In contrast, a decreasing trend was found for methamphetamine (2.38%, 1.91%, 2.47%, and 1.24%), with a modest rebound in 2001. The prevalence rates of illegal drug use for male residents in Taoyuan County were approximately 2–3% during this period, and the scale of problem shows no sign of diminution. Conclusion By taking advantage of existing datasets that were incomplete by each alone, the approach of capture-recapture model may be ultimately considered as a tool to estimate the scale of illegal drug use problems. The population of heroin-using males apparently is stably expanding in the northern part of Taiwan in the first years of 21st century.
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- 2007
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27. Anti-inflammatory effects of Gingerenone A through modulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathways.
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Ko H, Kim BS, Lee YE, Choi TH, Lee Y, Youn HS, and Gu GJ
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- Animals, Mice, RAW 264.7 Cells, Humans, Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 metabolism, Inflammation drug therapy, Inflammation metabolism, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Signal Transduction drug effects, Toll-Like Receptors metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, NF-kappa B metabolism
- Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in initiating immune responses, particularly in the context of inflammation. However, an excessive inflammation can detrimentally affect the immune homeostasis Thus, it is important to regulate TLR signaling pathways appropriately. Gingerenone A (GIA), a bioactive compound derived from ginger, has garnered significant attention due to its potential anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigate modulatory effects of GIA on TLR signaling pathways. Results showed that GIA effectively suppressed TLR-mediated inflammatory responses by modulating key signaling molecules such as nuclear factor kappa B and interferon regulatory factor 3. These results indicate that GIA is a novel regulator of TLR signaling, offering promising avenues for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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28. Nationwide Target Trial Emulation Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of Oral Antivirals for COVID-19 in Korea.
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Huh K, Jo Y, Bae GH, Joo H, Radnaabaatar M, Lee H, Kim J, Kim DH, Yoo MG, Jo IU, Lee PH, Lee GW, Jung HS, and Jung J
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- Humans, Male, Female, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Republic of Korea, Middle Aged, Administration, Oral, COVID-19 mortality, Hydroxylamines therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, Aged, 80 and over, Cytidine analogs & derivatives, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Ritonavir therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Despite the proven effectiveness of oral antivirals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in randomized trials, their clinical reevaluation is vital in the context of widespread immunity and milder prevalent variants. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of oral antivirals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)., Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized a target trial emulation framework to analyze patients with COVID-19 aged 60+ from January to December 2022. Data were obtained from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The study involved 957,036 patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and 243,360 treated with molnupiravir, each compared with the matched control groups. Primary outcome was progression to critical COVID-19 requiring advanced respiratory support. Secondary outcomes included progression to severe COVID-19, need for supplemental oxygen, and death within 30 days of the onset of COVID-19. Number needed to treat (NNT) derived from the absolute risk reduction., Results: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was significantly associated with a reduced risk of severe (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.823; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.803-0.843), critical (aOR, 0.560; 95% CI, 0.503-0.624), and fatal COVID-19 (aOR, 0.694; 95% CI, 0.647-0.744). Similarly, molnupiravir reduced the risk of severe (aOR, 0.895; 95% CI, 0.856-0.937), critical (aOR, 0.672; 95% CI, 0.559-0.807), and fatal cases (aOR, 0.679; 95% CI, 0.592-0.779). NNTs for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were 203.71 (severe), 1,230.12 (critical), and 691.50 (death); for molnupiravir, they were 352.70 (severe), 1,398.62 (critical), and 862.98 (death). Higher effectiveness was associated with older adults, unvaccinated individuals, and the late pandemic phase., Conclusion: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir are effective in preventing progression to severe disease in elderly adults with COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2024 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.)
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- 2024
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29. Embryotrophic effect of exogenous protein contained adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles.
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Bang S, Qamar AY, Yun SH, Gu NY, Kim H, Han A, Kang H, Park HS, Kim SI, Saadeldin IM, Lee S, and Cho J
- Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate cell metabolism and various biological processes by delivering specific proteins and nucleic acids to surrounding cells. We aimed to investigate the effects of the cargo contained in EVs derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the porcine embryonic development., Methods: ASCs were isolated from porcine adipose tissue and characterized using ASC-specific markers via flow cytometry. EVs were subsequently extracted from the conditioned media of the established ASCs. These EVs were added to the in vitro culture environment of porcine embryos to observe qualitative improvements in embryonic development. Furthermore, the proteins within the EVs were analyzed to investigate the underlying mechanisms., Results: We observed a higher blastocyst development rate and increased mitochondrial activity in early stage embryos in the ASC-EVs-supplemented group than in the controls (24.8% ± 0.8% vs. 28.6% ± 1.1%, respectively). The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay of blastocysts also revealed significantly reduced apoptotic cells in the ASC-EVs-supplemented group. Furthermore, through proteomics, we detected the proteins in ASC-EVs and blastocysts from each treatment group. This analysis revealed a higher fraction of proteins in the ASC-EVs-supplemented group than in the controls (1,547 vs. 1,495, respectively). Gene analysis confirmed that ASC-EVs showed a high expression of tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC), whereas ASC-EVs supplemented blastocysts showed a higher expression of Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). SRC is postulated to activate protein kinase B (AKT), which inhibits the forkhead box O signaling pathway and activates CDK1. Subsequently, CDK1 activation influences the cell cycle, thereby affecting in vitro embryonic development., Conclusion: ASC-EVs promote mitochondrial activity, which is crucial for the early development of blastocysts and vital in the downregulation of apoptosis. Additionally, ASC-EVs supply SRC to porcine blastocysts, thereby elongating the cell cycle., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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30. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of the RIPK3 inhibitor GSK872 in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
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Park JS, Leem YH, Kim DY, Park JM, Kim SE, and Kim HS
- Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder triggered by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Recent studies have demonstrated that necroptosis is involved in dopaminergic neuronal cell death and the resulting neuroinflammation. During the process of necroptosis, a necrosome complex is formed consisting of the proteins receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Although the neuroprotective effects of the RIPK1-specific inhibitor necrostatin-1, as well as RIPK3 and MLKL knockout in mice, have been described, the effects of RIPK3 pharmacological inhibitors have not yet been reported in animal models of PD. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GSK872, a specific RIPK3 inhibitor, in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD. GSK872 rescued MPTP-induced motor impairment and inhibited tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic cell death in the SN and striatum. Additionally, GSK872 inhibited the MPTP-induced increase in the expression of p-RIPK3 and p-MLKL in both the dopaminergic neurons and microglia, as assessed by biochemical and histological analyses. GSK872 further inhibited microglial activation and the expression of inflammatory mediators including NLRP3, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the SN region of MPTP mice. Using in vitro experiments, we validated the effects of GSK872 on necroptosis in SH-SY5Y neuronal and BV2 microglial cells. Overall, our results suggest that GSK872 exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, and may thus have therapeutic potential for PD., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2024
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31. Prenatal Diagnosis and Clinical Outcomes of Isolated Mega Cisterna Magna.
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Kim O, Hong S, Jung YM, Seol HJ, Na S, Bae JG, Ahn KH, Lee MY, Kwon HY, Sung JH, Choi SR, Kim SC, Lee KA, Kim HS, Kim MJ, Song JE, Hwang HS, Won HS, Jun JK, and Ko HS
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- Humans, Female, Retrospective Studies, Pregnancy, Male, Prenatal Diagnosis methods, Adult, Ultrasonography, Prenatal methods, Infant, Newborn, Cohort Studies, Gestational Age, Cisterna Magna diagnostic imaging, Cisterna Magna abnormalities
- Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of fetuses diagnosed with isolated mega cisterna magna in utero. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted across 18 university hospitals from 2010 to 2019. Cases diagnosed with isolated mega cisterna magna, defined as a cisterna magna >10 mm with a normal cerebellar vermis and no cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle, were included. Cases with other central nervous system (CNS) anomalies, extra-central nervous system anomalies, chromosomal abnormalities, or congenital infections were excluded. Maternal demographics, prenatal findings, delivery outcomes, and postnatal outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean gestational age at initial diagnosis was 28.6 ± 3.9 weeks, and the mean anteroposterior diameter of the cisterna magna was 12.5 ± 3.2 mm. Of the 71 cases initially assessed, 48 (67.6%) showed self-regression in utero. Postnatally, 13 cases (18.3%) had persistent isolated mega cisterna magna, whereas 10 cases (14.1%) were diagnosed with other central nervous system anomalies. Among the persistent isolated mega cisterna magna cases, one child exhibited delayed neurodevelopment. There was a higher incidence of isolated mega cisterna magna in male fetuses, which exhibited a significantly larger mean cisterna magna diameter compared with female fetuses ( P = .045). Conclusion: Male fetuses exhibited a higher incidence of isolated mega cisterna magna compared with female fetuses and had larger anteroposterior diameters of the cisterna magna. The study demonstrated favorable neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with isolated mega cisterna magna, with self-regression observed in two-thirds of the cases. However, consecutive prenatal and postnatal evaluations for additional central nervous system or extra-central nervous system malformations need to be performed, considering the differences between prenatal and postnatal diagnoses., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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32. Urolithin A prevents age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice likely by inducing mitophagy.
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Cho SI, Jo ER, and Jang HS
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- Animals, Male, Mice, Aging, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitochondria drug effects, DNA, Mitochondrial metabolism, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, Cochlea metabolism, Cochlea pathology, Cochlea drug effects, Disease Models, Animal, Auditory Cortex metabolism, Auditory Cortex drug effects, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Membrane Proteins genetics, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins genetics, Protein Kinases, Mitophagy drug effects, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Coumarins pharmacology, Presbycusis prevention & control, Presbycusis pathology, Presbycusis metabolism, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem drug effects
- Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction with aging is associated with the development of age-related hearing loss. Mitophagy is a cardinal mechanism to maintain a healthy mitochondrial population through the turnover of damaged mitochondria. Declining mitophagy with age causes a buildup of damaged mitochondria, leading to sensory organ dysfunction. The effect of Urolithin A (UA), a mitophagy inducer, was investigated on age-related hearing loss in a mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were treated with UA from 6 to 10 months of age. UA attenuated an auditory brainstem responses (ABR) threshold shift at 8, 16, and 32 kHz frequencies, and improved mitochondrial DNA integrity and ATP production in the cochlea and auditory cortex. The mRNA levels of mitophagy-related genes and protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, and LC3B increased in the cochlea and auditory cortex. The expression of mitophagosomes and mitophagolysosomes in the cochlea, spiral ganglion, auditory cortex, and inferior colliculus increased, together with the expression of Parkin and BNIP3 in the cochlea, spiral ganglion, auditory cortex, and inferior colliculus. These results indicate that UA counteracted mitophagy decline in the auditory system and prevented age-related hearing loss. UA can be used as a potential agent to prevent age-related hearing loss., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None of the authors has a conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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33. Exploring the therapeutic potential of Potentilla fragarioides var. major (Rosaceae) extract in Alzheimer's disease using in vitro and in vivo models: A multi-faceted approach.
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Sohn E, Lim HS, Jin Kim Y, Kim BY, Yoon J, Kim JH, and Jeong SJ
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- Animals, Mice, Male, Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology, Memory Disorders drug therapy, Neurons drug effects, Neurons metabolism, Microglia drug effects, Microglia metabolism, Humans, Hippocampus drug effects, Hippocampus metabolism, Alzheimer Disease drug therapy, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Alzheimer Disease pathology, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Amyloid beta-Peptides metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Potentilla chemistry
- Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is caused by various factors including amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation. We investigated the pharmacological effects of the ethanol extract of Potentilla fragarioides var. major (Rosaceae) (EEPF) on AD-related pathogenesis, which remain elusive. We observed the effects of EEPF on Aβ disaggregation and free-radical scavenging activities for 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using in vitro assays, evaluated the effects of EEPF on memory loss in two animal models, and examined the molecular regulatory mechanisms of EEPF using an antibody-protein microarray in EEPF-treated neuronal cell lines. EEPF inhibited Aβ aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner and enhanced free-radical scavenging activities for ABTS and DPPH. EEPF significantly inhibited memory impairment in the passive avoidance task, Y-maze test, and Morris water maze test in scopolamine-induced short-term memory loss mice and Aβ-injected AD-like mice. Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry for NeuN and Iba-1 confirmed the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of EEPF in both animal models. In H
2 O2 -treated HT22 hippocampal cells, EEPF significantly prevented cell damage, enhanced CaMK2, and reduced ferric reductase. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia, EEPF significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of inflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6, and decreased the phosphorylation of Smad3 and cyclin D3. High-performance liquid chromatography confirmed that EEPF has five major components: neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, polydatin, isochlorogenic acid A, and buddleoside, with amounts ranging across 1.91-9.41 mg/g. EEPF may be a promising drug for treatment of AD and AD-related brain disorders., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 International Brain Research Organization (IBRO). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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34. SRPK3 Is Essential for Cognitive and Ocular Development in Humans and Zebrafish, Explaining X-Linked Intellectual Disability.
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Roychaudhury A, Lee YR, Choi TI, Thomas MG, Khan TN, Yousaf H, Skinner C, Maconachie G, Crosier M, Horak H, Constantinescu CS, Kim TY, Lee KH, Kyung JJ, Wang T, Ku B, Chodirker BN, Hammer MF, Gottlob I, Norton WHJ, Gerlai R, Kim HG, Graziano C, Pippucci T, Iovino E, Montanari F, Severi G, Toro C, Boerkoel CF, Cha HS, Choi CY, Kim S, Yoon JH, Gilmore K, Vora NL, Davis EE, Chudley AE, Schwartz CE, and Kim CH
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Male, Female, Child, Intellectual Disability genetics, Mental Retardation, X-Linked genetics, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Cognition physiology, Adult, Eye, Zebrafish, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics
- Abstract
Objective: Intellectual disability is often the outcome of neurodevelopmental disorders and is characterized by significant impairments in intellectual and adaptive functioning. X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) is a subset of these disorders caused by genetic defects on the X chromosome, affecting about 2 out of 1,000 males. In syndromic form, it leads to a broad range of cognitive, behavioral, ocular, and physical disabilities., Methods: Employing exome or genome sequencing, here we identified 4 missense variants (c.475C > G; p.H159D, c.1373C > A; p.T458N, and c.1585G > A; p.E529K, c.953C > T; p.S318L) and a putative truncating variant (c.1413_1414del; p.Y471*) in the SRPK3 gene in 9 XLID patients from 5 unrelated families. To validate SRPK3 as a novel XLID gene, we established a knockout (KO) model of the SRPK3 orthologue in zebrafish., Results: The 8 patients ascertained postnatally shared common clinical features including intellectual disability, agenesis of the corpus callosum, abnormal eye movement, and ataxia. A ninth case, ascertained prenatally, had a complex structural brain phenotype. Together, these data indicate a pathological role of SRPK3 in neurodevelopmental disorders. In post-fertilization day 5 larvae (free swimming stage), KO zebrafish exhibited severe deficits in eye movement and swim bladder inflation, mimicking uncontrolled ocular movement and physical clumsiness observed in human patients. In adult KO zebrafish, cerebellar agenesis and behavioral abnormalities were observed, recapitulating human phenotypes of cerebellar atrophy and intellectual disability., Interpretation: Overall, these results suggest a crucial role of SRPK3 in the pathogenesis of syndromic X-linked intellectual disability and provide new insights into brain development, cognitive and ocular dysfunction in both humans and zebrafish. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:914-931., (© 2024 The Author(s). Annals of Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Neurological Association.)
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- 2024
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35. Overexpression of TIAM2S, a Critical Regulator for the Hippocampal-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Network, Progresses Age-Related Spatial Memory Impairment.
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Chu CH, Su CH, Hsiao YH, Yu CC, Liao YC, Mao PC, Chen JS, and Sun HS
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- Animals, Mice, Humans, Male, Hippocampus metabolism, Hippocampus pathology, Mice, Transgenic, Memory Disorders metabolism, Memory Disorders genetics, Spatial Memory physiology, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors genetics, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors metabolism, Prefrontal Cortex metabolism, Aging metabolism, Aging physiology, Aging genetics
- Abstract
TIAM Rac1-associated GEF 2 short-form protein (TIAM2S) is abundant in specific brain tissues, especially in the hippocampus, a brain region critical for processing and consolidation of spatial memory. However, how TIAM2S plasticizes the microstructure and circuits of the hippocampus to shape spatial memory as a neuroplastic regulator during aging remains to be determined. In this study, transgenic mice overexpressing human TIAM2S protein (TIAM2S-TG mice) were included, and interdisciplinary approaches, such as spatial memory tests and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging sequences, were conducted to determine the role and the mechanism of TIAM2S in age-related spatial memory deficits. Despite no changes in their neural and glial markers and neuropathological hallmark expression of the hippocampus, behavioral tests showed that the TIAM2S-TG mice, and not wild-type (WT) mice, developed spatial memory impairment at 18 months old. The T2-weighted and diffusion tensor image analyses were performed to further study the possible role of TIAM2S overexpression in altering the hippocampal structure or neuronal circlets of the mice, increasing their vulnerability to developing spatial memory deficits during aging. The results revealed that the 12-month-old TIAM2S-TG mice had hippocampal dysplasticity, with larger volume, increased fiber numbers, and changed mean fractional anisotropy compared to those in the age-matched WT mice. The fiber tractography analysis exhibited significantly attenuated structural connectivity between the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex in the TIAM2S-TG mice. In conclusion, overexpression of TIAM2S, a detrimental factor affecting hippocampus plasticity, causes attenuation of the connectivity within hippocampus-mPFC circuits, leading to age-related spatial memory impairment., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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36. Effect of saline irrigation temperature difference on postoperative acute pain and hypothermia during biportal endoscopic spine surgery.
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Park SR, Yoon YH, Kim NH, Kwon JW, Suk KS, Kim HS, Moon SH, Park SY, Lee BH, and Park JO
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- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Adult, Saline Solution administration & dosage, Temperature, Spinal Fusion methods, Spinal Fusion adverse effects, Therapeutic Irrigation methods, Pain, Postoperative prevention & control, Pain, Postoperative etiology, Hypothermia prevention & control, Endoscopy methods
- Abstract
Background: Recently, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have attracted attention; they emphasize on avoiding intraoperative hypothermia while performing lumbar fusion surgery. However, none of the studies have reported the protocol for determining the temperature of saline irrigation during biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) procedure. This study evaluated the effectiveness of warm saline irrigation during BESS in acute postoperative pain and inflammatory reactions., Materials and Methods: Fifty-five patients who underwent BESS procedure were retrospectively analyzed for the incidence of perioperative hypothermia (< 36
o C), postoperative inflammatory factors (white blood cells (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum amyloid A (SAA)), and clinical outcomes (back visual analog scale (VAS) score, postoperative shivering). The patients were divided into the warm and cold saline irrigation groups., Results: Hemoglobin, WBC, ESR, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-muscle brain levels did not significantly differ between the warm and cold saline groups. The mean CRP, IL-6, and SAA levels were significantly higher in the cold saline group than in the warm saline group (p = 0.0058, 0.0028, and 0.0246, respectively); back VAS scores were also higher with a statistically significant difference until two days postoperatively (p < 0.001). During the entire procedure, the body temperature was significantly lower in the cold saline irrigation group, but the hypothermia incidence rate significantly differed 30 min after the operation was started., Conclusions: Using warm saline irrigation during BESS is beneficial for early recovery after surgery, as it is associated with reduced postoperative pain and complication rates., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
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37. Accelerated fusion dynamics by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, particularly in osteoporotic conditions.
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Kim SH, Park Y, Shin JW, Ha JW, Choi HM, Kim HS, Moon SH, Suk KS, Park SY, Lee BH, and Kwon JW
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Transforming Growth Factor beta adverse effects, Transforming Growth Factor beta therapeutic use, Bone Density drug effects, Spinal Fusion methods, Spinal Fusion adverse effects, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 adverse effects, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Recombinant Proteins administration & dosage, Recombinant Proteins therapeutic use, Osteoporosis surgery
- Abstract
Background Context: Early fusion is crucial in interbody procedures to minimize mechanical complications resulting from delayed union, especially for patients with osteoporosis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are used in spinal fusion procedures; however, limited evaluation exists regarding time-to-fusion for BMP use, particularly in patients with osteoporosis., Purpose: To evaluate the difference in time-to-fusion after single-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery between recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) usage and nonusage groups according to bone density., Study Design: Retrospective single-center cohort study., Patient Sample: This study enrolled 132 patients (mean age, 65.25±8.66; male patients, 40.9%) who underwent single-level TLIF for degenerative disorders between February 2012 and December 2021, with pre- and postoperative computed tomography (CT)., Outcome Measure: The interbody fusion mass and bone graft status on postoperative CT scans was obtained annually, and time-to-fusion was recorded for each patient., Methods: The patients were divided into 2 groups based on rhBMP-2 use during the interbody fusion procedure. Patients were further divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups based on preoperative L1 vertebral body attenuation values, using cutoffs of 90 and 120 Hounsfield units. It was strictly defined that fusion is considered complete when a trabecular bone bridge was formed, and therefore, the time-to-fusion was measured in years. Time-to-fusion was statistically compared between BMP group and non-BMP groups, followed by further comparison according to bone density., Results: The time-to-fusion differed significantly between BMP and non-BMP groups, with half of the patients achieving fusion within 2.5 years in the BMP group compared with 4 years in the non-BMP group (p<.001). The fusion rate varied based on bone density, with the maximum difference observed in the osteoporosis group, when half of the patients achieved fusion within 3 years in the BMP group compared to 5 years in the non-BMP group (p<.001). Subgroup analysis was conducted, revealing no significant associations between time-to-fusion and factors known to influence the fusion process, including age, gender, medical history, smoking and alcohol use, and medication history, except for rh-BMP2 use and bone density., Conclusions: RhBMP-2 usage significantly reduced time-to-fusion in single-level TLIF, especially in patients with osteoporosis., Level of Evidence: Level III., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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38. Style harmonization of panoramic radiography using deep learning.
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Kim HS, Seol J, Lee JY, Han SS, Yoo J, and Lee C
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Objectives: This study aimed to harmonize panoramic radiograph images from different equipment in a single institution to display similar styles., Methods: A total of 15,624 panoramic images were acquired using two different equipment: 8079 images from Rayscan Alpha Plus (R-unit) and 7545 images from Pax-i plus (P-unit). Among these, 222 image pairs (444 images) from the same patients comprised the test dataset to harmonize the P-unit images with the R-unit image style using CycleGAN. Objective evaluations included Frechet Inception Distance (FID) and Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity (LPIPS) assessments. Additionally, expert evaluation was conducted by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists on transformed P-unit and R-unit images. The statistical analysis of LPIPS employed a Student's t-test., Results: The FID and mean LPIPS values of the transformed P-unit images (7.362, 0.488) were lower than those of the original P-unit images (8.380, 0.519), with a significant difference in LPIPS (p < 0.05). The experts evaluated 43.3-46.7% of the transformed P-unit images as R-unit images, 20.0-28.3% as P-units, and 28.3-33.3% as undetermined images., Conclusions: CycleGAN has the potential to harmonize panoramic radiograph image styles. Enhancement of the model is anticipated for the application of images produced by additional units., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japanese Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.)
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- 2024
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39. Efficacy, Safety, and Economic Feasibility of Dokhwalgisaeng-Tang for Degenerative Knee Osteoarthritis: Protocol for a Multicenter, Randomized, Assessor Blinded, Controlled Trial.
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Kim W, Park YC, Goo B, Kim JH, Nam D, Kim E, Lee HJ, Pyun DH, Suh HS, Lee Y, Kim MS, Seo BK, and Baek YH
- Abstract
Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases worldwide. The herbal decoction, Dokhwalgisaeng-tang (DHGST), has been commonly used in East Asia to treat osteoarthritis. However, there is insufficient evidence to draw clear conclusions concerning its effectiveness and safety for patients with KOA. We aim to determine the efficacy, safety, and economic feasibility of DHGST compared with Celecoxib, an oral COX-2 inhibitor, for patients with degenerative KOA., Trial Design and Methods: This multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial, involving 160 participants who will be randomized using block randomization with 1:1 allocation, will compare DHGST and Celecoxib. The total trial period is 24 weeks after random allocation, comprising 12 weeks of treatment and 12 weeks of follow-up. Participants with KOA will be administered 200 mg of DHGST (treatment group) or Celecoxib capsules (control group) for 12 weeks. Efficacy and safety evaluations will be conducted at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, and 24. The primary outcome measurement is the Korean Western Ontario McMaster score at week 12. Changes in pain intensity using a 100 mm visual analog scale, changes in quality of life using a EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level self-report survey, and patient satisfaction will also be measured to evaluate effectiveness between the two groups. A trial-based economic feasibility evaluation will be conducted to analyze treatment cost-effectiveness from societal and healthcare system perspectives. Drug safety will be assessed through adverse reactions and laboratory test findings., Discussion: This trial protocol has the following limitations. Applying a double-dummy design is not possible, as the tablet and granule forms can easily be distinguished visually, and achieving participant blinding is challenging. The trial findings are intended to inform participants, physicians, and other stakeholders in determining whether DHGST could be used as an alternative therapeutic option for KOA., Trial Registration Number: KCT0008424 (Clinical Research Information Service of the Republic of Korea), registered on 12 May 2023., Competing Interests: The author(s) report no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2024 Kim et al.)
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- 2024
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40. Author Correction: Intracellular spatial transcriptomic analysis toolkit (InSTAnT).
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Kumar A, Schrader AW, Aggarwal B, Boroojeny AE, Asadian M, Lee J, Song YJ, Zhao SD, Han HS, and Sinha S
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- 2024
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41. Imminent risk of the first and second recurrent osteoporotic fractures in South Korea.
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Kim M, Han HJ, Pyun D, Wang E, Kim MJ, and Suh HS
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Background: A history of fractures increases the likelihood of experiencing subsequent and secondary fractures. To prevent further fractures, global guidelines recommend aggressive proactive treatment with medication for patients at an imminent risk of osteoporotic fracture (OF), which is defined as a high likelihood of experiencing subsequent fractures in the near future. However, there is a lack of research focusing on patients with imminent risk of OFs in South Korea. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the imminent risk of the first and second recurrent OFs among patients with OF in South Korea., Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using the comprehensive Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, which encompasses the entire population of Korea from 2012 to 2017. The study focused on eligible patients aged 55 years and older who experienced an OF in 2013, including fractures in the hip/femur, vertebral, humerus, radius, tibia/fibula, and ankle regions. The first OF occurring in 2013 was considered the index OF. To ensure that the index fracture was the index OFs, we excluded patients who had any OF within 1 year before their index OF. We assessed the incidence of the first recurrent OF within 2 years after the index OF, and the second recurrent OF within 2 years after the occurrence of the first recurrent OF. Additionally, we estimated the risks of experiencing the first and second recurrent OFs according to age and sex using multi-variable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis., Results: Approximately 17 % of patients with an index OF had the first recurrent OF within 2 years after the index OF. Of those with a first recurrent OF, 28 % experienced a second recurrent OF within 2 years after the first recurrent OF. The two-year incidence rate of the first recurrent OF was 9.6 per 100 person-years (95 % confidence interval [CI], 9.6-9.7). The two-year incidence rate of the second recurrent OF was 22.0 per 100 person-years (95 % CI, 21.6-22.4), which is higher than that of the first recurrent OF. Females had a 31 % higher risk of the first recurrent OF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.31; 95 % CI, 1.20-1.43) and a 43 % higher risk of the second recurrent OF than males (HR = 1.43; 95 % CI, 1.35-1.51)., Conclusions: In Korea, the imminent risk of a second recurrent OF was higher than that of a first recurrent OF. Consequently, given the elevated risk of subsequent fractures with the number of OFs experienced, a more targeted approach to treatment is recommended for patients with a first recurrent OF considering the risk of subsequent OF., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest MK, HH, and DP declare no conflicts of interest. HSS reports grants from pharmaceutical company Amgen. EW and MJK are employees of Amgen, republic of Korea., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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42. Effectiveness of Periarticular Pin Tracker Placement Through a Single Main Incision in Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: Technical Note and Short-Term Results.
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Baek JH, Lee SC, Kim T, Heo J, Lee DN, Ahn HS, and Nam CH
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- Humans, Female, Male, Aged, Middle Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Treatment Outcome, Bone Nails, Femur surgery, Retrospective Studies, Tibia surgery, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee methods, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee instrumentation, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee adverse effects, Robotic Surgical Procedures methods
- Abstract
Background and Objectives : Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is gaining popularity worldwide, leading to a potential increase in the number of pin tracker-related complications. This study determined the effectiveness of periarticular pin tracker placement in the distal femur and proximal tibia through a single main incision during robotic-assisted TKA over a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. Materials and Methods: A consecutive series of 149 TKAs was performed in 108 patients using the triathlon posterior-stabilized total knee prosthesis with a robotic-assisted system at our hospital from December 2023 to February 2024. Clinical outcomes and complications associated with pin tracker sites, including pin-site infection, neurovascular injury, hematoma, soft-tissue morbidity, and pin-site fracture, were assessed. Results: The mean Knee Society knee score improved from 42.5 preoperatively to 76.3 points at the final follow-up, whereas the mean Knee Society function score improved from 43.1 preoperatively to 78.1 points at the final follow-up (both p < 0.05). No patient experienced any minor or major complications related to the use of pin trackers in the distal femur and proximal tibia. Conclusions: This periarticular technique that uses pin trackers in the distal femur and proximal tibia through a single main incision could be a useful option for orthopedic surgeons while performing robotic-assisted TKA.
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- 2024
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43. Representations of stimulus meaning in the hippocampus.
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Biane JS, Ladow MA, Fan A, Choi HS, Zhou LZ, Hassan S, Apodaca-Montano DL, Kwon AO, Bratsch-Prince JX, and Kheirbek MA
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The ability to discriminate and categorize the meaning of environmental stimuli and respond accordingly is essential for survival. The ventral hippocampus (vHPC) controls emotional and motivated behaviors in response to environmental cues and is hypothesized to do so in part by deciphering the positive or negative quality of these cues. Yet, what features of the environment are represented in the activity patterns of vCA1 neurons, and whether the positive or negative meaning of a stimulus is present at this stage, remains unclear. Here, using 2-photon calcium imaging across six different experimental paradigms, we consistently found that vCA1 ensembles encode the identity, sensory features, and intensity of learned and innately salient stimuli, but not their overall valence. These results offer a reappraisal of vCA1 function, wherein information corresponding to individual stimulus features and their behavioral saliency predominates, while valence-related information is attached elsewhere., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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- 2024
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44. Baseline characteristics and associated factors for hypertension in children with chronic kidney disease: results from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease study.
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Song JY, Lee KH, Shin JI, Kang HG, Ahn YH, Baek HS, Cho MH, Jung J, Lee JH, Cho H, Han KH, Park E, Yang EM, and Kim SH
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Background: Hypertension is one of the most important complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as it exacerbates disease progression in children. The aim of this study is to identify characteristics and factors associated with hypertension in children with CKD., Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the 10-year ongoing cohort study named KNOW-PedCKD (Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease). We enrolled finally 378 patients aged <18 years at seven major pediatric nephrology centers in Republic of Korea. Blood pressure was measured and samples and clinical data were collected during the patients' annual hospital visits., Results: We found that 30.7% of the patients had hypertension (n = 116); specifically, 16.4% (n = 62) had systolic hypertension, and 22.8% (n = 86) had diastolic hypertension. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; p < 0.001), female sex (OR, 2.32; p = 0.002), a high left ventricular mass index (OR, 1.05; p < 0.001), and a high urine protein/creatinine ratio (OR, 1.12; p = 0.02) were significant associated factors for systolic or diastolic hypertension., Conclusion: This study analyzed the associated factors for hypertension in children with CKD. Hypertension is associated with various factors, including age, sex, heart status, and proteinuria. Therefore, clinicians should consider these factors during patient evaluations to improve health outcomes.
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- 2024
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45. Neuropeptide signalling orchestrates T cell differentiation.
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Hou Y, Sun L, LaFleur MW, Huang L, Lambden C, Thakore PI, Geiger-Schuller K, Kimura K, Yan L, Zang Y, Tang R, Shi J, Barilla R, Deng L, Subramanian A, Wallrapp A, Choi HS, Kye YC, Ashenberg O, Schiebinger G, Doench JG, Chiu IM, Regev A, Sharpe AH, and Kuchroo VK
- Abstract
The balance between T helper type 1 (T
H 1) cells and other TH cells is critical for antiviral and anti-tumour responses1-3 , but how this balance is achieved remains poorly understood. Here we dissected the dynamic regulation of TH 1 cell differentiation during in vitro polarization, and during in vivo differentiation after acute viral infection. We identified regulators modulating T helper cell differentiation using a unique TH 1-TH 2 cell dichotomous culture system and systematically validated their regulatory functions through multiple in vitro and in vivo CRISPR screens. We found that RAMP3, a component of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide), has a cell-intrinsic role in TH 1 cell fate determination. Extracellular CGRP signalling through the receptor RAMP3-CALCRL restricted the differentiation of TH 2 cells, but promoted TH 1 cell differentiation through the activation of downstream cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). ATF3 promoted TH 1 cell differentiation by inducing the expression of Stat1, a key regulator of TH 1 cell differentiation. After viral infection, an interaction between CGRP produced by neurons and RAMP3 expressed on T cells enhanced the anti-viral IFNγ-producing TH 1 and CD8+ T cell response, and timely control of acute viral infection. Our research identifies a neuroimmune circuit in which neurons participate in T cell fate determination by producing the neuropeptide CGRP during acute viral infection, which acts on RAMP3-expressing T cells to induce an effective anti-viral TH 1 cell response., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2024
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46. Trajectories of triglyceride-glucose index changes and their association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a competing risk analysis.
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Lee JH, Jeon S, Lee HS, and Lee JW
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- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Republic of Korea epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Aged, Adult, Time Factors, Prognosis, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Young Adult, Risk Factors, Databases, Factual, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Triglycerides blood, Blood Glucose metabolism, Insulin Resistance, Cause of Death, Biomarkers blood
- Abstract
Background: The association between changes in insulin resistance, reflected by the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and mortality remains unclear. This study investigated whether longitudinal trajectories of TyG index changes are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality., Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 233,546 adults aged ≥ 19 years from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Participants were categorized as having increasing, stable, or decreasing TyG index changes during a 4-year exposure period (2009-2014). Mortality outcomes were assessed during an 8.13-year follow-up period (2015-2021). Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risk analysis were used to evaluate all-cause and CVD mortality., Results: A total of 7918 mortality events, including 651 CVD deaths, were recorded. Compared with the stable group, adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.09 (95% CI 1.03-1.15) in the increasing group and 1.23 (95% CI 1.01-1.50) for CVD mortality. An increased TyG index was significantly associated with all-cause mortality in individuals aged < 50 years; men; and individuals with obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and/or dyslipidemia. For CVD mortality, significant associations were found in individuals aged 50-69 years, with obesity, with diabetes, or without dyslipidemia., Conclusion: An increasing TyG index from baseline during follow-up was independently associated with higher risks of all-cause and CVD mortality. Serial monitoring of TyG index changes could enhance risk stratification and inform targeted interventions to reduce insulin resistance, and ultimately lower mortality risk., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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47. A rare case of a large solid pseudopapillary neoplasm with extensive liver metastasis.
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Kim JH, Kim HS, Lee JM, Nahm JH, and Park JS
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Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) are uncommon pancreatic tumors that primarily affect young females. We report a case of a 24-year-old female diagnosed with SPN and liver metastasis during a routine examination. Imaging revealed an 8-cm pancreatic mass with multiple liver metastases. Histopathology confirmed SPN. Subsequent next-generation sequencing revealed a CTNNB1 mutation. The patient underwent a total pancreatectomy with splenectomy, right hemihepatectomy, and intraoperative radiofrequency ablation. Two years after the surgery, she remained complication-free. She is under regular surveillance. This case underscores the importance of early detection and comprehensive management of SPN.
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- 2024
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48. Multisystem diseases in the abdomen and pelvis: imaging manifestations and diagnostic roles of cross-sectional imaging.
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Yu MH, Kim YJ, Park S, Park HS, and Jung SI
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Systemic diseases, such as IgG4-related disease, sarcoidosis, and amyloidosis, usually involve multiple systems or organs simultaneously or sequentially. The gastrointestinal tract, hepatobiliary system, and genitourinary tract are commonly involved in many multisystem diseases and can also be the first sites with disease involvement. Cross-sectional imaging, such as CT and MR, plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of multisystem diseases by aiding in the evaluation of multiorgan involvement. Here, common imaging features of frequently affected organs are reviewed in multisystem diseases that we often encounter in the abdomen and pelvis, and the diagnostic roles of cross-sectional imaging for these diseases are also discussed., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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49. Healthcare resource utilisation and costs in infants with confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infections: a national population cohort study.
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Han HJ, Ryu D, Kim JY, Jang S, and Suh HS
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- Humans, Infant, Female, Retrospective Studies, Male, Infant, Newborn, Republic of Korea epidemiology, Infant, Premature, Hospitalization economics, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Gestational Age, Health Resources economics, Health Resources statistics & numerical data, Cohort Studies, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections economics, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections therapy, Health Care Costs statistics & numerical data, Patient Acceptance of Health Care statistics & numerical data
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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of severe respiratory infections in infants worldwide, significantly affecting their health and contributing to the global healthcare burden. We aimed to examine healthcare resource utilisation patterns and costs for infants under one year old with confirmed RSV infection across subgroups of different gestational ages and health conditions and the cost implications of RSV infections over time, thereby demonstrating the economic burden of the disease., Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilised nationwide claims data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service for infants under one year of age with confirmed RSV infection in the first year of life from January 2017 to April 2022. The infants were stratified into three subgroups based on their gestational age and health status: unhealthy preterm, healthy preterm, and full-term infants. A descriptive analysis was conducted to estimate healthcare utilization by type of resource and costs related to the treatment of RSV., Results: Out of 93,585 RSV infections identified, 31,206 patients met the inclusion criteria; these included 963 unhealthy preterm, 1,768 healthy preterm and 28,475 full-term infants. In our study, 76.3% of the infants with confirmed RSV infection required intensive care, including hospitalisation and more critical interventions such as intensive care unit (ICU) or mechanical ventilation (MV). The total average cost of RSV management was notably higher for unhealthy preterm infants ($ 6,325; 95% confidence interval (CI): $ 5,484-7,165) than for healthy preterm ($ 1,134; 95% CI: $ 1,006 - 1,261) and full-term infants ($ 606; 95% CI: 583-630). Our findings confirmed a significant epidemiological and economic burden, with infants at greater risk-shorter gestational age and poorer health conditions. Furthermore, we observed a marked increase in the total average cost of RSV management during COVID-19, reflecting the complex interplay between RSV and pandemic-related healthcare dynamics., Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for the significant economic burden of RSV infection among infants, with considerable disparities based on gestational age and health status subgroups. However, RSV prevention policies should also recognise that healthy preterm or full-term infants who receive intensive care face a significant disease burden., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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50. 3D Scaffold-Based Culture System Enhances Preclinical Evaluation of Natural Killer Cell Therapy in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.
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Han EH, Cho SH, Lee SN, Cho MY, Lee H, Lee SY, Ngoc Thi Tran C, Park HS, Min JY, Kim HM, Park MS, Kim TD, Lim YT, and Hong KS
- Abstract
Cell-based immunotherapies have emerged as promising cancer treatment modalities, demonstrating remarkable clinical efficacy. As interest in applying immune cell-based therapies to solid tumors has gained momentum, experimental models that enable long-term monitoring and mimic clinical administration are increasingly necessary. This study explores the potential of scaffold-based cell culture technologies, specifically three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix (ECM)-like frameworks, as promising solutions. These frameworks facilitate unhindered immune cell growth and enable continuous cancer cell culture. The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model was developed using tailored scaffolds for natural killer (NK) cell culture. Within this framework, A549 lung cancer cells were cocultured with NK cells, allowing real-time monitoring for up to 28 days. The expression of critical markers associated with anticancer drug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was evaluated in cancer cells within this 3D culture context. Compared to conventional 2D monolayer cultures, this 3D scaffold-based culture revealed that solid tumor cells, specifically A549 cells, exhibited heightened resistance to anticancer drugs. Additionally, the 3D culture environment upregulated the expression of EMT markers namely vimentin, N-cadherin, and fibronectin, while NK and zEGFR-CAR-NK cells displayed anticancer effects. In the two-dimensional (2D) coculture, only zEGFR-CAR-NK cells exhibited such effects in the 3D coculture system, highlighting an intriguing inconsistency with the 2D culture model, further confirmed by in vivo experiments. This in vitro 3D cell culture model reliably predicts outcomes in NK immunotherapy experiments. Thus, it represents a valuable tool for investigating drug resistance mechanisms and assessing the efficacy of immune cell-based therapies. By bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo investigations, this model effectively translates potential treatments into animal models and facilitates rigorous preclinical evaluations.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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