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Anemia is a prevalent global health issue that is characterized by a deficit in red blood cells or low levels of hemoglobin. This condition is influenced by various causes, including nutritional inadequacies, chronic diseases, and genetic predisposition. The incidence of the phenomenon exhibits variation across different geographical regions and demographic groups. This pioneering research investigates the identification and classification of anemia, potentially leading to transformative advancements in the discipline. The classification of anemia encompasses four distinct groups, namely Beta Thalassemia Trait, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Hemoglobin E, and Combination. This comprehensive categorization offers clinicians a more refined and detailed comprehension of the condition. The integration of deep learning and machine learning in the Multilayer Extremely Randomized Tree Learning Machine (MERTLM) model represents a departure from traditional approaches and a significant advancement in the field of medical categorization accuracy. The MERTLM approach integrates randomized tree with multilayer extreme learning machine (M-ELM) representation learning, hence emphasizing the possibility of interdisciplinary collaboration in the field of diagnostics. In addition to its impact on anemia, artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a significant role in revolutionizing medical diagnosis by emphasizing the integration of innovative methods. This study utilizes the combined capabilities of machine learning and deep learning to improve accuracy. Notably, recent developments have resulted in an exceptional accuracy rate of 99.67%, precision of 99.60%, sensitivity of 99.47%, and an amazing F1-Score of 99.53%. This study represents a significant advancement in the field of anemia research, providing valuable insights that may be applied to intricate medical issues and enhancing the quality of patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern digital era, social media platforms with travel reviews significantly influence the tourism industry by providing a wealth of information on consumer preferences and behaviors. However, these textual reviews' complex and varied nature poses analytical challenges. This research employs advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to process and analyze vast amounts of travel data efficiently, tackling the challenges posed by the diverse and detailed content in the tourism field. We have developed an innovative text clustering methodology that combines BERT's deep linguistic analysis capabilities (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) with the thematic organization strengths of LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). This hybrid model, further refined with the dimensionality reduction capabilities of ELMAE and the optimization precision of PPSO (Phasor Particle Swarm Optimization), yields concise, contextually enriched text representations. Such refined data representations enhance the accuracy of K-means clustering, facilitating nuanced topic identification within the complex domain of travel reviews. This approach streamlines feature extraction and ensures rapid training and minimal loss, underscoring the model's effectiveness in distilling and reconstructing textual features. Our application of this hybrid LDA-BERT model to analyze TripAdvisor reviews of Thailand's shopping destinations reveals meaningful insights, significantly aiding in understanding customer experiences. Despite its contributions, this study acknowledges limitations, including biases in usergenerated content and the intricacies of accurately interpreting sentiments and contexts within reviews. This research marks a significant step forward in utilizing NLP for tourism industry analysis, providing a pathway for future investigations to build upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dealing with imbalanced data is crucial and challenging when developing effective machine-learning models for data classification purposes. It significantly impacts the classification model's performance without proper data management, leading to suboptimal results. Many methods for managing imbalanced data have been studied and developed to improve data balance. In this paper, we conduct a comparative study to assess the influence of a ranking technique on the evaluation of the effectiveness of 66 traditional methods for addressing imbalanced data. The three classification models, i.e., Decision Tree, Random Forest, and XGBoost, act as classification models. The experimental settings have been divided into two segments. The first part evaluates the performance of various imbalanced dataset handling methods, while the second part compares the performance of the top 4 oversampling methods. The study encompasses 50 separate datasets: 20 retrieved from the UCI repository and 30 sourced from the OpenML repository. The evaluation is based on F-Measure and statistical methods, including the Kruskal-Wallis test and Borda Count, to rank the data imbalance handling capabilities of the 66 methods. The SMOTE technique is the benchmark for comparison due to its popularity in handling imbalanced data. Based on the experimental results, the MCT, Polynom-fit-SMOTE, and CBSO methods were identified as the top three performers, demonstrating superior effectiveness in managing imbalanced datasets. This research could be beneficial and serve as a practical guide for practitioners to apply suitable techniques for data management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) was a recently proposed. FOA has a number of advantages over other natureinspired algorithms such as its simple structure and ease of implementation. However, the FOA's search procedures present a problem. FOA has a low success rate search and a slow convergence when it has to deal with complex problems. This is because FOA generates a new position around its swarm location using a random uniform distribution. To eliminate this drawback, our paper presents an improved fruit fly algorithm called RO-FOA. The RO-FOA technique takes knowledge of a mutualistic relationship common in ecosystems and biological theory. Our strategy blends two popular algorithms, i.e., the random walk (RW) and the opposition-based learning (OBL) algorithms, to establish a two-characteristic swarm for searching procedures. RO-FOA's structure is very compact as the implementation uses only three fruit flies. Furthermore, the advantages of including a two-characteristic population and dynamic distribution adaptation in the evolving process can produce an algorithm with the necessary search efficiency to find an optimal solution. A comprehensive set of 34 benchmark functions, containing a wide range of dimensions were used to validate the capability of the proposed algorithm. The results show that RO-FOA outperformed the existing FOA, as well as seven comparatively well-known meta-heuristic algorithms. RO-FOA can efficiently train multi-layer perceptrons for 5-bit and 8-bit auto-encoder problems. These results demonstrate that the ROFOA can enhance the diversity of population distributions, solution quality and the convergence rate of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]