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In lithium–polymer batteries, the electrolyte is an essential component that plays a crucial role in ion transport and has a substantial impact on the battery's overall performance, stability, and efficiency. This article presents a detailed study on developing nanostructured composite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs), prepared using the solvent casting technique. The materials selected for this investigation include poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the host polymer, lithium bromide (LiBr) as the salt, and silica (SiO2) as the nanofiller. The addition of nano-SiO2 dramatically enhanced the ionic conductivity of the electrolytes, with the highest value of 6.2 × 10−5 Scm−1 observed for the sample containing 7.5 wt% nano-SiO2. This improvement is attributed to an increased amorphicity resulting from the interactions between the polymer, salt, and filler components. A structural analysis of the prepared NCPEs using X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of both crystalline and amorphous phases, further validating the enhanced ionic transport. Additionally, the thermal stability of the NCPEs was found to be excellent, withstanding temperatures up to 334 °C, thereby reinforcing their potential application in lithium–polymer batteries. This work explores the electrochemical performance of a fabricated lithium-ion-conducting primary electrochemical cell (Zn + ZnSO4·7H2O|PVC: LiBr: SiO2|PbO2 + V2O5), which demonstrated an open circuit voltage of 2.15 V. The discharge characteristics of the fabricated cell were thoroughly studied, showcasing the promising potential of these NCPEs. With the support of superior morphological and electrical properties, as-prepared electrolytes offer an effective pathway for future advancements in lithium–polymer battery technology, making them a highly viable candidate for enhanced energy storage solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was graft functionalized with two different mercaptoesters in an inert atmosphere at 160°C under different experimental conditions by thermolysis method. The order of functionalization, crosslinking, and C=C formation reactions were determined from the relative intensities of carbonyl stretching vibration and C--H bending vibrations. FTIR, DSC, and TGA analytical tools were used to characterize mercaptoester-functionalized HDPE. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed here to explain the experimental results obtained. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:474-483, 2010. [C]2009 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION Polyethylene (PE), an important engineering material, is used in day to day life in many ways as plastic carry bags, toys, and other usable things. Unfortunately, because of the [...]

Potassium ion conducting nanocomposite polymer electrolytes was prepared by employing the solvent casting technique. Poly ethyl methacrylate (PEMA), potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and nano-strontium titanate (SrTiO3) (<100 nm) was used as a polymer host, an electrolyte and a filler, respectively. The complex formation between PEMA, KSCN and SrTiO3 was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. This system exhibited two ionic conductivity maxima, but the sample, PEMA/KSCN/4 wt% SrTiO3 delivered a maximum ionic conductivity of 3.07 × 10−5 Scm−1 at room temperature, which was 102 times greater than that of PEMA/KSCN system. Truckhan model was employed to determine the diffusion coefficient, mobility and mobile ion concentration of the system. The remarkable change in surface morphology of the sample was observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrograph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodegradable solid polymer electrolytes based on PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and amino acid (proline) with different molar mass percentages of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) were prepared by solution-casting technique using distilled water as solvent. Their structural, thermal, vibrational, and electrical properties were studied. XRD analysis confirms the amorphous nature of the polymer electrolytes. DSC measurements show a decrease in Tg with increasing salt concentration. The FTIR analysis reveals the complex formation between the PVA, proline, and ammonium chloride. Transference numbers for the proton-conducting polymer electrolytes have been measured. The maximum ionic conductivity has been found to be 7.01 × 10−4 S/cm at ambient temperature for 75 Mwt% PVA;25 Mwt% proline:0.3 (m.m.%) of NH4Cl polymer electrolyte using AC impedance analyzer. The temperature-dependent conductivity of the polymer membranes obeys Arrhenius behavior. The highest ionic conductivity polymer electrolyte has low activation energy of 0.07 eV among the prepared polymer electrolytes. An electrochemical stability window of 3.10 V has been measured using linear sweep voltammetry for the highest ionic conducting membrane. The highest conductivity polymer electrolyte 75 Mwt% PVA:25 Mwt% proline:0.3 (m.m.%) NH4Cl has been used to construct a primary proton battery and fuel cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabrication of nanocomposite polymer-blend electrolytes comprising polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl chloride, lithium perchlorate and titanium dioxide (TiO2) (27.03 nm) has been demonstrated using the famous solvent casting technique. AC impedance measurements were carried out in the frequency range of 1 Hz–10 MHz. The effect of filler on the ionic conductivity is explained on the basis of distribution of TiO2, Lewis acid–base interaction, polymer segment-ion coupling and aggloramation of TiO2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra showed the occurrence of complexation and interaction among the components. The crystalline and amorphous phases of the complex were identified through X-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscope pictures of the samples confirmed the plasticizing action of nano TiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]