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Surgical wounds and periwound skin require protection to prevent complications, which affect clinical outcomes and patient quality of life. This study surveyed 45 health professionals treating 394 patients to elicit their experiences of the performance, quality, ease of application and usability of the sterile surgical wound dressing Curapor under routine conditions. Most (90%) wounds were acute, including postoperative wounds, lacerations, cuts and abrasions. The average wear time per dressing was 2.08 days; 94% of patients experienced no dressing slippage and 98% experienced no tape blisters. Curapor was rated good at absorbing exudate. All health professionals reported that their patients thought the dressing was soft or very soft and 98% said that patients found its comfort to be good or very good. The results of the study suggest that Curapor meets the performance requirements for a post-surgical dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibacterial dressings play an important role in wound management, especially in chronic wounds. Due to the excellent water retention, antibacterial hydrogel has become an ideal wound dressing. In this paper, the effective antibacterial dressing was constructed with the poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) hydrogel and graphene oxide loading nanosilver particles (GO-Ag) by the in situ chemical crosslinking method. The molecular structure, viscosity and mechanical properties, antibacterial agent content, antibacterial performance, temperature-sensitive antibacterial relationship and biocompatibility of PNIPAM-based GO-Ag composite hydrogel (PNIPAM/GO-Ag) were systematically characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), plate counting and other methods. The results showed that the introduction of GO-Ag increased the pore structure of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel and provided more active sites for the release of silver nanoparticles, wherein the content of nanosilver in PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel was only 0.01%, meeting the requirements of application as antibacterial dressings. Moreover, when the hydrogel was subjected to heat contraction, silver nanoparticles could release more quickly and efficiently. The antibacterial rates of the PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel against E. coli and S. aureus were 99.8 and 99% at 37 °C, respectively, higher than those at 25 °C (92, 95%). Compared with the pure PNIPAM hydrogel (1423.0%), the swelling rate of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel could reach 2024.6%, certifying its ability to absorb exudate of wound site. When the deformation was less than 80%, the hydrogel could maintain excellent elastic deformation recovery ability, and the viscosity of hydrogel at human body temperature was 38 Pa·s. These prove that it had a good fit with the skin, could dissipate more energy and restore shape. The hemolysis rate of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel was less than 5%, showing good bio-safety. These all demonstrated the PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel can be used as a potential application for the skin wound dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

StopBac is an innovative silver‐impregnated antimicrobial dressing specifically designed to reduce surgical site infections and enhance healing. The primary objective of this study was to compare infection healing rate at 30 days after surgery between primarily closed surgical wounds covered with StopBac and those covered with Cosmorpor, a standard surgical dressing. Between 1.3.2023 and 30.4.2023, we conducted a prospective screening of all patients undergoing surgical operations within a single surgical department. Patients were randomised into either the Cosmopor group or the StopBac group. Outcome measures were superficial and deep surgical site infections and healed wounds. Data concerning patient and surgical factors were prospectively collected and analysed. The analysis comprised 275 patients, divided into two groups: 140 patients in the StopBac group and 135 in the Cosmopor group. The StopBac dressing was associated with a reduced rate of infection, with an odds ratio of 0.288 (p < 0.001), and an increased likelihood of wound healing at 30 days after surgery. The odds ratio for healing at 30 days was 4.661 (p < 0.001). StopBac was associated with a lower incidence of surgical wound infections and a higher probability of healing at 30 days after surgery, when compared with standard dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) after lower extremity (LE) bypass surgery is associated with longer length of stay, higher hospital cost, increased morbidity, and even graft loss. Silver impregnated dressings have been used by other surgical subspecialties to decrease SSI with reported success. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) published a national expected rate of 7.9% for SSI after open LE bypass surgery in 2018. Our institutional SSI rate in 2018 was 12.8%. In order to reduce this rate, we transitioned to silver impregnated dressings for all LE bypass procedures and studied any subsequent changes in rates of SSI., Methods: We used NSQIP data to retrospectively study two consecutive cohorts of vascular surgery patients at a single institution who underwent LE bypasses. Inclusion criteria were open infrainguinal LE bypass patients who were selected via Current Procedural Terminology codes. Patients in 2019 who underwent LE bypass received dry sterile dressing (DSD) postoperatively. Patients in 2020 who underwent LE bypass were treated with silver impregnated dressings postoperatively. NSQIP criteria were used to determine if patients in both cohorts developed SSIs within 30 d of surgery. Fischer's exact and Χ2 test were used to compare groups before and after the intervention. Placement of silver dressings in the intervention cohort was confirmed using review of the medical chart and operative billing reports., Results: A total of 282 patients who underwent LE bypass in 2019 and 2020 met inclusion criteria. The standard of care cohort had 168 patients with DSD, while the cohort after intervention had 114 patients with silver impregnated dressings. The groups were similar in terms of demographics and comorbidities (Table 1). There was a statistically significant reduction in superficial SSI in the silver dressing group compared to the DSD group (9.6% versus 20.8%, P = 0.014, Table 2). There was a 63% compliance with silver dressing placement in the intervention group. This subset of patients with confirmed dressing placement was similar in terms of demographics and comorbidities (Table 3). Superficial SSI in this patient cohort was decreased from 20.8 to 12.5% (P = 0.15, Table 4). There was no observed difference in deep or organ space infections, wound dehiscence, readmission, and return to operating room between both groups., Conclusions: This study demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the rate of superficial SSI in patients undergoing open LE bypass with the use of a silver impregnated dressing when compared to a sterile gauze dressing. Although our study does not demonstrate a causal relationship, this relatively inexpensive and low-risk intervention's association with a significant decrease in an otherwise very serious postoperative complication argues for a change in clinical practice or prospective confirmatory studies to optimize patient outcomes after LE bypass., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Materials that combine the functionalities of both of proteins and graphene are of great interest for the engineering of biosensing, drug delivery, and regenerative devices. Graphene oxide (GO) offers an opportunity to design GO‐protein interactions but the need for harsh reduction processes to enable GO photoexcitation remains a limitation. A disinfector‐assisted low temperature method to reduce GO‐protein materials and fabricate surgical dressings with tuneable photothermal efficiency and bioactive properties for the postoperative treatment of melanoma is reported. The approach harnesses the capacity of 70% ethanol to penetrate the protein shell of microorganisms to infiltrate GO‐protein complexes and reduce GO at low temperature (85 °C) while maintaining the material structure and bioactivity. Both experiments and coarse‐grained simulations are used to describe the reduction process and assess the material properties. In vitro and in vivo validation revealed the capacity of the dressings to prevent tumor recurrence and promote healing after tumor resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Burns are one of the most common injuries among children. Despite the scale of the problem, there is no generally accepted algorithm for dealing with burn wounds in children in Poland. Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate our treatment scheme as well as the long-term effects of burn treatment in our department. Material and methods: We conducted a telephone survey with the parents of patients treated at our ward in 01.01.2016-01.01.2021 due to thermal burns. To assess the cosmetic effect of treatment, the modified Vancouver Scar Scale (mVSS) was used, as well as the evaluation of parents' satisfaction with the treatment of patients on a scale from 1 to 10. Criteria to be included were the thermal burn of the skin to at least a 2b degree and/or burns with not less than 8% of the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA), as well as answering all the questions included in the questionnaire. The inclusion criteria were met by 38 out of 97 hospitalized patients. Results: 26.32% of patients achieved 0 points on the mVSS, 21.05% achieved 1 point, 15.79% achieved 2 points, 15.79% achieved 3 points, 2.63% patients received 4 points, 5.26% patients received 5 points, 5.26% patients received 7 points, 2.63% patients received 8 points, 2.63% patients received 9 points, 2.63% of patients received 10 points, none of the patients received 6 and 11 points higher. 3% of parents rated their satisfaction at 5 points, 3% of caretakers as 7 points, 8% as 8 points, 8% as 9 points, and 89% as 10 points. Discussion: Our treatment algorithm brings good therapeutic effects and is also very well received by the patients' parents. In order to carry out a nationwide standardization of the treatment of childhood burn wounds, it would be necessary to conduct a similarly constructed study in a multicenter setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ideal dressings of surgical wounds should provide moist, semi‐permeable, and antiseptic environments for optimal wound healing. To maximise patient comfort, surgical dressings must be hypoallergenic, not restrict movement, and allow patients to manage their personal hygiene. From the aspect of health care personnel, dressings should enable visual monitoring of the wound without the need for removing them, thus reducing the number of dressing changes. The active antimicrobial effect of silver cations has been demonstrated by many studies. StopBac is a unique surgical dressing based on the sol‐gel process. Silver cations are bound in a colloidal solution in an organic‐inorganic hybrid organosilicate oligomer. This gel is deposited on a pad using spray atomisation. The result is a polymer nanolayer matrix with prolonged and controlled release of silver ions. This pad forms part of a waterproof hypoallergenic transparent adhesive bandage. The goal of this study was to prospectively evaluate the ability of StopBac to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients after abdominal surgery. The secondary goal was to compare costs and determine the properties of this new material. A total of 32 patients were included in the study. The patients were followed up until their surgical wounds healed completely. An SSI occurred only in one patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many surgical dressings claim to be waterproof and safe for bathing postoperatively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of commonly used dressings' ability to prevent water penetration while bathing. Additionally, a survey was used to determine satisfaction and cost analysis performed.Methods: Four different dressings were applied to 17 subjects' knees: Aquacel, Opsite, Acticoat, and Tegaderm. A folded Medline Gauze Sponge was weighed and placed under each dressing before and after showering and bathing (submergence under water) in order to measure water penetration (change in weight of sponge in grams). A failure was defined as any dressing that allowed a sponge weight change greater than 1 standard deviation, or 3.9 g. All participants were additionally asked to complete a short survey after testing about the dressings.Results: Tegaderm was found to have significantly less water penetration than all other dressings except Aquacel and demonstrated no failures with showering, significantly less than all other dressings. Tegaderm was also found to have significantly less water penetration than all other dressings except Acticoat with bathing and had significantly less failures than all other dressings. Furthermore, Tegaderm was found to be the most comfortable and lowest cost per dressing.Conclusion: Tegaderm was overall the most effective at preventing water penetration, most comfortable, and most cost-effective. Aquacel was found to be equally as effective at preventing water penetration while showering but overall had more water penetration, had more failures, caused more discomfort, and was more expensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different surgical dressings in reducing surgical site infection (SSI) and identify the optimal dressings.Methods: Randomized controlled trials investigating the application of surgical dressings were retrieved from electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The odds ratios (ORs) of the SSI rate were compared by direct meta-analysis, and the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve values were calculated based on the Bayesian theorem. A node-splitting model was applied to analyse the consistency of the comprehensive comparison results.Results: Twenty-two studies containing 5487 participants were pooled for the comprehensive comparison. Among all the studies included, 9 types of surgical dressings were identified for comparison. The results of the direct meta-analysis revealed that novel dressings significantly reduced the overall SSI rate with an OR of 1.026 (95% CI: 1.013-1.040, p < 0.001), which was determined to have low heterogeneity (I2 = 32.1%). Specifically, 3 types of dressings presented significant effects in reducing SSI, namely, mupirocin-containing (OR = 1.076, 95% CI: 1.014-1.142, p = 0.015), dialkylcarbamoyl-chloride-containing (OR = 1.047, 95% CI: 1.012-1.083, p = 0.008) and vitamin E (VE)-silicone-containing (OR = 1.129, 95% CI: 1.016-1.255, p = 0.025) dressings. Network meta-analysis demonstrated that the VE-silicone dressing (SUCRA = 0.37) was the optimal dressing, followed by the mupirocin dressing, with a SUCRA of 0.31.Conclusion: The present network meta-analysis identified the superiority of VE-silicone and mupirocin dressings in preventing SSI. The evidence-based results provide suggestions and directions for future investigations on surgical dressings. More large-scale trials with rigorous designs are warranted to clarify the clinical value of novel dressings in surgical incision management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertrophic scar formation because of surgical procedures is associated with higher levels of pain, a lower quality of life, and poor cosmetic outcome and requires more resources in follow‐up management. An octenidine‐based hydrogel has been shown to modulate immunological function in an in vitro wound model, suggesting an improved scar formation. In this prospective, randomised, observer‐blinded, and intra‐patient‐controlled study, 45 patients who underwent abdominoplasty or mastectomy with transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap reconstruction were given both a standard postoperative wound dressing on one wound side and an octenidine‐based hydrogel with transparent film dressing, covered with standard postoperative dressing on the other side. Four instances of hypertrophia were reported in the gel side versus 12 in the standard dressing side. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores taken during postoperative dressing changes showed reduced scores on the gel side at all time points. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores showed improvement in the gel side at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Skin distensibility measured using a cutometer showed significantly improved measures in gel‐treated wounds, similar to measures of healthy skin. Trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL), measured using a tewameter, showed improved values on the gel side soon after surgery, with both the control and the gel side normalising after approximately 6 months. The octenidine‐based wound dressing demonstrates improved wound healing associated with a lower incidence of hypertrophic scar formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that involves modifying the wound environment depending on the patient's health status. Scar formation depends on many factors that influence wound healing, are important to bear in mind because most of the negative factors involved can be stopped by implementing an adequate treatment. The consensus in wound therapy recommends dressings that should keep a moist and alkaline environment thus creating a protective barrier against mechanical stress and secondary infections, in view of promoting granulation. In the current paper, we aimed to synthesize a polymer-based sponge containing chitosan-sodium hyaluronate-resveratrol (CHR) and to evaluate its regenerative potential. The process of synthesizing the CHR polymer was described before microtomography analysis was conducted and the density and porosity of the obtained sponges was assessed. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro . By undertaking the in vivo testing of the CHR polymer, we aimed to determine the CHR sponge’s potential to stimulate tissue regeneration after inflicting a controlled, reproducible and measurable skin wound in an animal model. Skin punch biopsies were harvested from the healed area and were subjected to histopathological evaluation. The results obtained in this study confirmed that this polymer accelerates the formation of granulation facilitating wound healing, while also achieving a bacteriostatic outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of negative pressure wound therapy (vacuum dressings) is increasing in surgical incisions where there is a high risk of dehiscence, seroma, and other wound healing complications. In response to the growing use of various vacuum dressings in the prophylactic treatment of surgical incisions, a product evaluation of three products was undertaken in a hospital in Queensland, Australia. In this evaluation, the three aspects of product usability were considered in a specified context of use: 1) effectiveness; 2) efficiency; and 3) satisfaction. The perspectives of the treating medical officers, nursing staff and patients were elicited. Prior to the commencement, a two-week product-specific education program was implemented. Fifteen patients were recruited, with five patients for each dressing product. The evaluation was completed in its entirety for 13/15 (86.6%) of the dressing products. The majority of surgeons and ward nurses, who used the negative pressure dressing products, recommended them. Overall, surgeons preferred the Prevena™ while nurses and patients preferenced the PICO™ product. The products evaluated here have individual features that make them appropriate to be used for certain incisional wounds. Product selection should be based on the type of surgery, the amount of wound ooze anticipated, and the level of risk associated with the incision. However, in the current economic climate, product cost will ultimately dictate product use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of early dressing removal of clean wounds following thoracotomy. Subjects and Methods: A total of 230 patients (127 males, mean age 55.6 ± 16.7 years) were randomly divided into study and control groups. In the study group the cotton gauze dressing was removed 48 h after the surgery, whereas in the control group the dressing was kept on for 7-8 days until the removal of skin sutures. The infection and healing of the wounds were examined, and patients were followed up for 30 days. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, smoking rates, concurrent illnesses and operational characteristics between the study and control groups (p > 0.05). The wound infection rate in the study and control groups was 6 (5.2%) and 7 patients (6.1%), respectively (p = 0.775). Two patients (1.7%) from the study group and 1 (0.9%, p = 0.561) from the control group had partial wound approximation by day 7. Surrounding skin integrity was normal in 106 (92.2%) of the study group and 107 (93.0%) of the control group patients by postoperative day 7 (p = 0.801). Conclusion: Removal of wound dressing 48 h after thoracic surgery was not associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection. Hence the early removal of wound dressing did not appear to have an adverse impact on wound healing. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Hypospadias repair is a common pediatric operation. Several kinds of dressings are currently available, with their benefits and side effects. Aim: The aim of our study was to introduce a new method of dressing, by pouring several layers of cyanoacrylate (CA) glue as the dressing, in hypospadias surgery. Materials and Methods: Twenty out of the 61 patients with hypospadias, with a mean age of 13.5 months, were enrolled in this study. Forty-one had conventional dressing (pressure wrap dressing), while CA glue was used in 20 patients. CA glue was applied around the penis and its base four times and each time it took one minute to dry. All patients were followed postoperatively for two weeks and six to twelve months, for early and late complications, respectively. Results: One out of 20 developed wound hematoma, one had skin necrosis with infection, and edema was present in all. All these were easily diagnosed and managed rapidly. In the group treated with conventional methods, there were five infections, seven hematomas, all the patients in the group had edema and painful removal of the dressing, and 10 needed repeat dressing. Conclusions: CA glue is impermeable to urine and stool, and prevents edema and hematoma. Used in several layers, it is a good alternative dressing in hypospadias surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an unusual case of a foreign body removed from the urinary bladder of an 11-year-old boy, which had mimicked a recurrent bladder stone. The diagnosis was suspected by ultrasound. As the clinical presentation appeared typical, no other examination was performed. Open surgery revealed that this foreign body was a surgical dressing forgotten during the first surgery eight years earlier. The absence of clinical evidence or infectious complications related to this foreign body over such a long period was surprising.

Background: Surgical site complications (SSCs) are the most common cause for readmission after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), increasing costs while predisposing to inferior long-term outcomes. Prophylactic use of closed-incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) may lower the risk of these complications, especially in high-risk populations, but appropriate-use guidelines are lacking for patients undergoing primary TJA. We sought to develop a risk-stratification algorithm to guide use of ciNPT dressings and test its use in normalizing the rate of superficial SSCs among high-risk groups., Methods: We reviewed 323 consecutive primary TJAs, where 38% of those patients considered at elevated risk were risk-stratified to receive ciNPT dressings. An individual risk score was developed, assigning points based on patient-specific risk factors. We identified a historical control population of 643 patients who all received the same postoperative dressing to test the impact of this risk score., Results: Compared with historical controls, we observed a modest but significant improvement in superficial SSCs after implementation of risk-stratification (12.0% vs 6.8%; P  = .013). Among high-risk patients, there was a marked improvement in SSCs when treated prophylactically with ciNPT dressings as compared with historical controls (26.2% vs 7.3%; P < .001). Low-risk patients, who continued to be treated with standard postoperative dressings, demonstrated no significant improvement (8.6% vs 6.5%; P  = .344)., Conclusions: ciNPT dressings are effective at reducing and normalizing risks of superficial SSCs among high-risk primary arthroplasty patients. The proposed risk-stratification algorithm may help identify those patients who benefit most from these dressings.