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This research aims to discover active compounds from the leaf extract from Cratoxylum glaucum using the bioassay-guided isolation method. The multistage extraction of C. glaucum leaves was conducted using n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. The LDH assay was employed to analyze antimalarial activity, and the Resazurin assay was used to measure cytotoxicity values. The structure of the active isolates was determined using spectroscopic techniques. The compound 1 was successfully isolated from the dichloromethane extract of C. glaucum leaves (Cg.FD) and confirmed as a prenylated xanthone namely cratoxyarborenone E. The in vitro antimalarial activity showed an IC50 value of 5.82 ± 0.04 μM, the cytotoxicity assay exhibited a CC50 value of 20.74 ± 0.04 µM, and the SI value was determined to be 3.56. Our research demonstrates that cratoxyarborenone E was first reported from Cg.FD and shows promise as a prospective candidate for new antimalarial drugs.

FCAW welding is an automated welding process that employs a wire roll electrode to melt metal, using flux or powder within the electrode's core for protection. A common issue with FCAW welding is the occurrence of angular distortion and alterations in the length and width dimensions, particularly in thin plate iron materials, due to residual stresses from the welding process. This research aims to assess the impact of static thermal tensioning, preheating, and their combination on angular distortion in SS400 steel corner joints during FCAW welding, considering heat input during welding. True experimental research methodology was employed, with variations in preheating temperatures of 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, static thermal tensioning at 150°C, 200°C, 250°C, transient thermal tensioning at 150°C, 200°C, 250°C, and a reference method with no treatment to determine the welding approach that minimizes angular distortion. The material used was 3mm thick SS400 steel. Data analysis was performed using Minitab 18 software and the One-Way Anova method. The research results indicate a significant influence of static thermal tensioning, preheating, and their combination on angular distortion. The optimal welding methods identified are preheating-static thermal tensioning at 89°55', preheating-transient thermal tensioning at 89°50', static thermal tensioning at 150°C at 89°45', transient thermal tensioning at 150°C at 89°40', and preheating at 200°C at 89°35'.

The study aimed to evaluate the potential of boiler ash from palm oil mills to improve the quality of acid mine drainage (AMD). The experiment was conducted using boiler ash with five doses of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 mg. Quicklime was used as a comparison material with doses of 0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.3 mg. Boiler ash and quicklime were added to each 500 mL AMD. The parameters of the AMD quality measured were pH, dissolved iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), and the precipitates of Fe and Mn. The results showed that the addition of boiler ash and quicklime into AMD increased the pH and decreased the concentration of dissolved Fe and Mn and increased the precipitate of Fe and Mn. The pH value of AMD increased with increasing doses of boiler ash and quicklime. An increase in the pH value was followed by a decrease in the dissolved Fe and Mn and anincrease in the Fe and Mn precipitate. The highest pH values, Fe and Mn precipitates, and the lowest dissolved Fe and Mn were obtained by the treatment of 15 mg/L boiler ash and 0.3 mg/L quicklime. The boiler ash showed promising potential as an alternative neutralizing reagent to improve AMD even though the amount of boiler ash needed to repair AMD was more than quicklime.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penyesuaian pasca perceraian pada wanita yang bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, subjek penelitian adalah wanita yang sudah bercerai dan masih bekerja. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Terdapat 6 dimensi post-divorce adjustment yaitu self-worth, disentanglement from relationship, anger, grief, social trust, serta social self-worth.

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are a composite material popular for thin-walled structure applications because of their advantages over other materials. In this study, numerical simulation analysis based on the finite-element method to identify the tensile behavior of CFRP woven material has been carried out. The method used has been verified and validated using a benchmarking procedure with the results of previous research. Errors in the simulation results are less than 10%, indicating a valid method that can be used for further research. The stress–strain distribution of each layer, the effect of ply orientation on tensile strength, the comparison of failure criteria used, and the comparison of several types of reinforcements often used have been investigated. The results showed that the characteristics of each inner layer received tensile loading visualized in the form of stress strains. Choosing the right layer angle on CFRP woven can affect the performance and strength of the material. Failure criteria that are appropriate to specific application conditions are important. Puck criteria can be used for simple applications, which require only the analysis of the main stresses in the material. Tsai–Hill and Tsai–Wu criteria can provide more accurate predictions and are better suited for loading conditions and more complex material types. Carbon fiber has better characteristics when compared to S-glass and E-glass.

Due to their poikilothermic nature, fish are very sensitive to changes in temperature. Due to climate change, the average global temperature has increased by 1.5°C in the last century, which may have caused an increase in farmed fish mortality recently. Predictions using the model estimate that a 1°C increase in temperature could cause 3%-4% and 4%-6% mortality due to infectious diseases in organisms living in warm and temperate waters, respectively. There is a need to determine whether there is a relationship between increasing environmental temperature and disease virulence. This review examines the influence and impact of increasing temperatures due to climate change on the physiology and pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae, which causes streptococcosis in tilapia and causes significant economic losses. Changes in the pathogenicity of S. agalactiae, especially its virulence properties due to increasing temperature, require changes in the composition design of the fish vaccine formula to provide better protection through the production of protective antibodies.

The research presented in this article consisted of analysis of the ship structural accidents at low temperatures and the effect of carbon percentage in various classifications of carbon steel, compared to the high tensile strength steel materials. The objective of this research was to fill the knowledge gap by expanding the understanding of the influence of low temperature, material, and structure on the axial compression test of tubes. The simulations as idealization of the compression test were conducted with variations in temperature, material carbon percentage, and geometry shape, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The results showed that at -100 °C, the material had the best ability to resist compression energy; high carbon steel had the highest strength at various carbon percentages, and the square geometry showed the best ability to absorb energy before failure.

Introduction. This research focuses on evaluation of digital library quality services using DigiQUAL method. This research provide evaluation results and knowledge regarding the quality of Pustabiblia application services to support further development. Data Collection Methods. This is quantitative research with descriptive analysis. Data was taken from a sample of 80 respondents. Data Analysis. Data analysis techniques used mean and grand mean with Microsoft Excel application to calculate the average service quality variable. The categorization criteria was conducted. Results and Discussion. The results showed that it was in the high or good category with a service quality index of 3.64. The lowest index in the research was the Resource Use with a value of 3.39. Conclusion. In general, the quality of the library application service is already in the “good” category but it can still be improved to be in the “very good” category. Further, there needs to be promotion and recommendations regarding the use of the library application so that students can access the library application more often, particularly to meet student information needs.

The laterite nickel deposit model provides information about the form of laterite nickel deposits below the surface, which can be used as one of the considerations in the implementation of mining activities. The purpose of conducting this research is to determine the distribution model of nickel laterite deposits in 3 dimensions (3D) and to determine the amount of nickel laterite reserves based on high-grade saprolite ore (HGSO) and low-grade saprolite ore (LGSO) values in the DH Block. In this research, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) is used to estimate nickel laterite resources, which are applied using mining software Surpac 6.3.2 to produce a model in 3D form. The data used are laterite nickel content data (assay), x, y, and z coordinate data (collar), survey data, and lithology data. Based on IDW estimation results with a Cut Off Grade (COG) value of 1.3 in the DH Block of PT Mitra Karya Agung Lestari, High-Grade Saprolite Ore (HGSO) values were obtained at Ni content 1.7 and Low-Grade Saprolite Ore (LGSO) at Ni content 1.3, with a tonnage value of 111.994 tons of HGSO and 371.044 tons of LGSO.

The Samin watershed which is located in the Mount Lawu area is vulnerable to flood disasters due to human activities. This research was carried out by inventorying parameter data to create a flood disaster vulnerability map using a GIS-based multi-criteria spatial approach. The seven parameters used in flood disaster analysis are Elevation, Slope, Distance from River, Drainage density, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Landuse, Rainfall, Type of Soil, Geology. The weight of each parameter is determined using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which has the driving factors for flood disasters. The flood hazard map was obtained using a weighted overlay method and grouped into five classes, namely very low, low, medium, high and very high. The results of the analysis show that 11.36% of the study area has a very low hazard, 27.10% has a low hazard, 39.57% has a medium hazard, 20.43% has a high hazard and 1.54% has a very high hazard.

Natural gas is the cleanest energy source compared to other fossil fuels. When the temperature is between −160 ºC to −164 ºC at atmospheric pressure, natural gas will be in liquid form, commonly called Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Currently, the demand for the availability of natural gas is increasing rapidly. However, not all countries have natural gas reserves. In this case, ships transport Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) between continents and oceans to meet global needs. Since the Northern Sea Route (NSR) was opened, the route has become an alternative route where ships can save fuel because the distance is closer than the standard route (through the Suez Canal). However, because this route is in the Arctic region, which has a harsh environment, the ship may experience a structural failure, resulting in an accident and possibly causing material, human or other casualties. This paper employed the finite element method to observe the materials used as raw materials for the structure of natural gas shipping vessels. High tensile steel grade AH 32 was tested for tensile using numerical analysis. The temperature varied from room to shallow temperature (−160 ºC). Besides that, the mesh sizes used were 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, and 10 mm to produce outcomes that are most similar to earlier research assessed via experimental testing. The result obtained was that the mechanical properties of AH 32 steel will change significantly at shallow temperatures, which can be observed from the engineering stress–strain graph. High tensile steel grade AH 32 becomes very brittle at −160 ºC. Besides that, the necking phenomenon, as in the experimental test, can also be observed through numerical analysis.

Self-efficacy influences students' beliefs to achieve the desired results. The social environment was vulnerable to the development of student self-efficacy because it functioned as a source of information that students perceived. This study aimed to analyze student self-efficacy in terms of parental involvement and teacher and peer support. These participants involved 400 SMK students in Pasuruan Regency, who were selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique. The research instrument used a self-efficacy scale with the test results producing a reliability coefficient of .780, parental involvement .785, teacher support .572, and peer support .834. Data analysis used PLS-SEM. Based on the probability value of F-statistics, the p-value was .000 < α (α = .05), meaning that there was an influence from the three predictor variables simultaneously on student self-efficacy. Partially, the t-statistical value of the three variables was also proven to be greater than the t-table (1.96), with parental involvement of 2.868, teacher support of 8,970, and peer support of 4,101. Thus, simultaneously, predictor variables had an effect on self-efficacy, and partially, teacher support had the most significant effect, followed by peer support, and parental involvement had the slightest effect.

Raising a child with cerebral palsy (CP) is a formidable challenge for parents that can lead to tension and reality denial. This qualitative study aims to explore the parenting experience and the acceptance process of parents towards children with CP. This study used a qualitative design with semi-structured in-depth interviews. Three mothers and two fathers of children with CP were involved as interviewees. Data analysis was carried out using deductive thematic analysis technique. Common themes such as post-diagnosis denial; a long and emotional acceptance process; spouse's involvement in parenting; spiritual implication; the need for community support, are experienced by parents. Parental acceptance towards a child with CP is a long, complex, and emotional process. In conclusion, families that are able to achieve acceptance more easily adapting to family changes and dealing with stress. The findings of this study became an important milestone for the development of studies in the fields of family, disability, and social work.

As climate change continues to cause more frequent weather shocks such as droughts and floods and increasingly erratic rainfall, people in developing regions are threatened by crop failures and hunger. In this study, the researchers describe how climate change influences food security in Central Java, seen from the frequency of floods, rainfall, and rainy days. This study also added another variable, i.e., economic growth, reviewed through GRDP and the amount of rice production. Using the Common effect model, the study results revealed that rainy days and population were the variables significantly influencing food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province. Meanwhile, two other variables, i.e., rainfall and GRDP, had no significant effect on food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on various sectors including small medium enterprise. One of the small medium enterprises affected by the COVID-19 pandemic is Batik Papringan in Banyumas Regency. The decline in income due to the pandemic caused batik to experience a decline in performance. The decline in performance also had an impact on the amount of batik and the income generated. Aims: to determine the factors related to the performance of Batik Papringan Workers in Banyumas Regency. Methods: The research was conducted with a sample of 48 batik workers. The instrument is questionnaire. The questionnaire in this research is a self-developed questionnaire which was developed from a validated and reliable questionnaire. The analysis was performed using chi-square to examine the relationship between the 2 variables and logistic regression to determine the factors most associated with performance. Result: The results showed that in the bivariate test, age and work satisfaction were factors related to performance, while in the multivariate test the most related factors were work satisfaction. The p value of the relationship between work satisfaction and performance is 0.049. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study work satisfaction is the factor most related to the performance of batik makers that needs to be improved. The solution that can be done is to apply strategies and tricks in marketing batik products to consumers so that consumers are more interested in buying batik. The more batik is sold, the more worker satisfaction increases.

Yogyakarta City is one of Indonesia's most popular tourist destinations. The tourism sector is the highest tax revenue for local government. Besides, tourism gives high revenue but also negatively impacts the citizens as hosts, such as congestion and pollution. This study was conducted to determine the importance level of each attribute on the quality of congestion and air pollution management services in Yogyakarta based on the citizen's perception by utilizing the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. This study also aimed to determine the Yogyakarta citizens' satisfaction level with managing congestion and air pollution using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. This study implemented a purposive sampling technique which was then obtained from the population sample of 100 respondents with 86 saturated samples. Based on the perception of the Yogyakarta citizens, The results showed that a high level of attributes included wide and comfortable pavements, trees that block the sunlight and have a cooling effect, motorists who obeyed traffic signs, and drivers who drive well. The Yogyakarta Citizens' satisfaction index result showed 60.54%, which has the category of "very poor".

The banks of the Gajahwong River in Yogyakarta City are part of the slum area based on a decree from the Mayor of Yogyakarta in 2016. Various Community-Based Environmental Empowerment Programs (PLPBK) have been implemented until 2022. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a qualitative evaluation of the success of its implementation in overcoming slums in a sustainable manner, including involvement the parties in it. The condition of the Warungboto Slum Area is a mild slum with an average sectoral slum of 23.7% in certain RTs. The existence of the Kotaku program with the handling of increasing settlements in terms of road infrastructure, drainage, infiltration wells has had an impact on the non-slum parameter score but the handling of house buildings and riverbank inspection roads is still problematic. Thus the involvement and commitment of all parties, the government, local communities as well as NGOs and universities need to be strengthened so that slum reduction can be optimally realized.

This research analyzes digital entrepreneurship strategies by tourism industry players in Tourism 4.0. The research method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Primary data sources come from the results of in-depth interviews with informants. In comparison, the secondary data sources are obtained from the search results of research results and statements of informants published in the media. The data that has been obtained is triangulated before being analyzed. The study results stated that digital entrepreneurship in the Indonesian tourism industry is multiplying. Several factors that support the growth of digital entrepreneurship include internet penetration, large population demographics, and digitization in the tourism industry. Digital entrepreneurship actors in the tourism industry are implementing several strategies to survive during and after the Covid-19 pandemic and entering the era of Tourism 4.0. This strategy successfully attracts tourists to continue to carry out tourism activities.

Introduction: Discrimination against women from Indigenous Peoples in various ways of life including in the formation of national laws. This is due to the presence of a patriarchal culture which is reflected in laws and regulations both at the national and regional levels, thus showing injustice and inequality between men and women. Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this writing is to explain the importance of the participation of indigenous and tribal women in the formation of national law. The importance of this participation will contribute to the thought of a legal substance that provides equality and justice Methods of the Research: This paper uses doctrinal research methods using a feminist legal theory approach. Results of the Research: The results and findings in this paper include, First, the voices and experiences of indigenous and tribal women are required in feminist legal theory to influence non-discriminatory legal norms in the formation of national law. Second, the participation of indigenous and tribal women as part of the Indonesian nation has a strategic position guaranteed by the constitution to carry out their role in forming national law. This is a prerequisite and a representation of the realization of democratic government and one of the other principles of good governance that is consistent and committed to prioritizing the interests of the nation and the State.

This study is conducted with the aim to understand the factors that encourage the revisit intention of visitors to a tourist place. We consider several aspects such as tourist satisfaction, tour guide performance, destination attachment, and digital payments adoption in tourist destinations. This study uses quantitative methods through a survey of 294 tourists which is chosen by incidental sampling, who visited tourist destinations in West Java Province, Indonesia. The data obtained were processed using the Structural Equation Model with the help of AMOS 7 software. This study indicate that tour guide performance, digital payments adoption, and destination attachments positively influence visitor satisfaction. We also proved that tour guide performance, destination attachment, and tourist satisfaction positively influence revisit intention. Tourist satisfaction mediates the relationship between tour guide performance, destination attachment, and revisit intention. This study justifies the factors that determine the high intention to visit tourist destinations in West Java Province, Indonesia. It sheds lights on tourism literature by identifying factors that influence tourist satisfaction, namely tour guide performance, digital payments adoption, and destination attachments.

Kabupaten Kebumen adalah kabupaten yang memiliki persentase jumlah penduduk terbesar di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2021. Permasalahan kemiskinan sangat erat hubungannya dengan ketimpangan dan juga menjadi pemicu utama terjadinya tekanan terhadap degradasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Kebumen dengan tujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan dan Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Kebumen tahun 2018–2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan alat analisis Indeks Williamson untuk mengukur ketimpangan pendapatan dan teknik uji korelasi pearson untuk melihat kekuatan hubungan antar variabel. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara variabel tingkat kemiskinan dan ketimpangan memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai -0.95 dan memiliki hubungan arah yang negatif. Begitu pula hasil uji korelasi variabel tingkat kemiskinan dengan variabel kualitas lingkungan hidup sebesar -0,94. Hubungan ini berarti terdapat hubungan negatif yang kuat antar dua variabel tersebut. Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan pemerintah dapat mengembangkan lagi kebijakan pengentasan kemiskinan yang berbasis dengan penjagaan kelestarian lingkungan serta kondisi alam dan juga mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan, yakni penggalakan program pendidikan non formal, meningkatkan program pemberdayaan fakir miskin, pengembangan UMKM, pengembangan lingkungan sehat, serta pengembangan kinerja pengelolaan air minum dan air limbah.

Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are heavy metals which are found in high concentration in highly weathered soils, especially in the tropics, resulting in high content of them in groundwater. These metals cause a distinctive odor, reddish brown, yellowish color, and high sediment. This condition could cause health problems when it is used as a source of drinking water. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of activated carbon from corn cobs in reducing the concentrations of Fe and Mn from groundwater adsorption. The adsorption process was performed by applying activated carbon with varying doses of 0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 1.5 g and 2 g into 100 ml groundwater. Variations of pH were pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, pH 5, pH 6, pH 7 and pH 8, and variations in contact time of 10, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The results showed that the optimum doses to reduce Fe and Mn concentration from groundwater were 1 g and 0.5 g with the adsorption efficiency of 70.14% and 41.60% respectively. The optimum pH for both Fe and Mn was pH 4 with an adsorption efficiency of 75.44% and 56.52% respectively, while the optimum contact times were 60 and 30 minutes with an adsorption efficiency of 75.44 dan 59.29% respectively.

By the mid 2019, the President of Republic of Indonesia Joko Widodo had stipulated Law No. 11/2019, concerning the National System of Science and Technology. This regulation served as an efforts from the Indonesian government to build the science and technology and innovation ecosystem lies in terms of strengthening innovation policies. The implication of this policy mandates that the National Research and Innovation Agency serves as the only research and innovation institution owned by the Government of Republic of Indonesia. Efforts in establishing the science and technology ecosystem and innovation have been initiated since the era of President Soekarno (1945-1965), which was further continued in the leadership of the next president. The aforementioned efforts are additionally described in this study from the perspective of policy history. A content analysis approach is employed to identify each stipulated regulation in Indonesia in the form of Laws, Government Regulations, Presidential Regulations, Presidential Decrees, and Presidential Instructions. There are 78 regulations in the field of science and technology and innovation that are analyzed. The results of the analysis are described based on the emergence of regulations and institutional implications generated as part of the ecosystem.

The General Evaluation Scale (GES) has been widely employed to assess attitudes toward outgroups, including ethnic and religious prejudice. However, validation within the Indonesian context has not been conducted. Using two studies (Study 1, religious prejudice; Study 2, ethnic prejudice), we provide evidence of psychometric properties of a six-item GES for measuring ethnic and religious prejudice based on factor structure, composite reliability, and convergent validity in Indonesia. The results demonstrate an acceptable model fit for a single-factor structure characterized by high internal consistency (McDonald’s Omega/ω = 0.93 in Study 1, ω = 0.94 in Study 2). Furthermore, the scale exhibits solid convergent validity, as evidenced by its correlations with the blatant and subtle prejudice scale (r = −0.44 in Study 1, r = −0.74 in Study 2) and the feeling thermometer scale (r = 0.60 in Study 1, r = 0.78 in Study 2). In summary, this research unequivocally establishes the GES as a valuable instrument for measuring religious and ethnic prejudice in the Indonesian context, underpinned by its robust psychometric properties. Nevertheless, it underscores the need for further investigations with diverse samples and varying social contexts to bolster the scale’s reliability and applicability.

The success of English language learners is determined by their capacity for effective English communication. The purposes of this study are firstly to examine what activities university teachers employ to enhance students' speaking skills during and post-COVID-19 pandemic and secondly investigate the differences in teaching speaking skills during and post-COVID pandemic. The researchers select seven English instructors as participants using a qualitative descriptive research design. All participants were English lecturers at a Yogyakarta private university. Participants include three female and four male teachers taken using purposive sampling method. Using an interview guide, the researchers conducted interviews with the participants to collect data. The findings show ten activities lecturers utilize to instruct speaking skills during and post-pandemic. The activities include giving speaking practices, making group work activities, retelling stories, or experiences, assigning role play and presentations, asking students to record activities, providing communicating exposures, practicing interviews, and producing a vlog. During and post the pandemic, the second set of findings highlights the differences in teaching speaking during and post pandemics, covering the nature of the activities in terms of flexibility, degree of control, and engagement.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face obstacles in their cognitive development. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the drum rhythm therapy model in stimulating cognitive abilities (attention, concentration, and short-term memory) in children with ASD. The experiment method was used with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Attention and concentration levels were measured both before and after therapy through a series of observations. A total of 14 children with ASD aged 4–12 participated in the study. All the participants were new students at Gilang Ramadhan Studio Band (GRSB), Surakarta, Indonesia. The drum rhythm therapy was employed with the participants for three months. Data analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon test analysis in SPSS Version 23. Results: The 14 participants showed an increase in attention, concentration and short-term memory scores following the therapy (Z = -2.533b, p = .011, p .05). The results of the study could support the use of the alternative therapy with ASD children to increase their attention, concentration and short-term memory.

A high per capita electricity consumption in developed countries is also correlated with high numbers on the human development index. Several studies show the relationship between the level of electricity consumption on economic growth and vice versa. This study aims to explore the relationship between electricity consumption, Human Development Index (HDI), and inflation to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita in ASEAN 5 countries. Using the simultaneous equation for the period 2012 to 2010 with the indirect least squares (ILS) analysis technique, it is found that electrical energy consumption has a positive effect on GDP per capita but HDI (Human Development Index) does not significantly affect GDP per Capita in ASEAN 5 countries. Meanwhile, the obtained inflation variable does not affect GDP per Capita. Then, we develop the second model and third model to test the impact on GDP per capita, electricity per capita, and HDI. The second model HDI as the dependent variable is influenced by the level of electricity consumption per capita and GDP per capita. This result proves that HDI is not influenced significantly by GDP per capita but is influenced by electricity consumption per capita. The third model shows empirical evidence that GDP per capita and HDI affect the level of electricity consumption. The policy implication is that electricity consumption will increase along with the increase in economic growth. The government must be able to increase supply to fulfill the rising electricity demand.

PLA filament has the characteristics of being biodegradable and environmentally friendly. The mechanical properties of PLA filaments have several drawbacks, so the application of PLA filaments is limited. Efforts to improve the mechanical properties are carried out by adding nanographite as reinforcement material so that it becomes a nanocomposite filament. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding nanographite to PLA filament on the mechanical properties and surface roughness of 3D printed products. The addition of 1.5 wt% nanographite was carried out by dissolving with chloroform and nanocomposite filaments produced from printing with a single extrusion machine. Product printing is done with the parameters print speed of 25 mm/s, print temperature of 205 °C, layer height of 0.2 mm, and infill line directions of 45°. Product characteristics in the form of tensile strength are tested by the tensile tester, filament morphology is observed by SEM, and product surface roughness is observed with a surface roughness tester. Data from the test results were analyzed using the t-test statistical analysis. The results of the study showed that the morphology of the PLA/nanographite nanocomposite filaments showed a rougher surface.

PLA-based filaments are often used as a basis for 3D printing, and efforts to improve the properties of PLA filaments are made into nanocomposite filaments. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding nanographite on the surface morphology, the geometry of the filament roundness, and the functional groups present in the PLA/nanographite nanocomposite. The method used experimental research with variations in the addition of nanographite to PLA of 0.5wt%, 1wt%, and 1.5wt%. Nanographite was added into PLA by dissolving using chloroform, while filaments were produced using a single screw extruder. The roundness geometry was observed with an optical camera. The functional groups were analyzed with FTIR, and the morphology of the filament surface was observed with SEM. The results show that the addition of nanographite to PLA results in changes in functional groups, which indicate changes in chemical bonds with changes in peaks in the wavenumber range of 1000 – 2000 cm-1. The addition of nanographite makes the filament's morphology rougher due to agglomeration, which is spread unevenly. Analysis of the roundness of the nanocomposite filament diameters showed a difference in the average filament. The best filament diameter was a 0.5% nanographite sample with a roundness value of 99.02%.

The global steel industry is pivotal, driven by substantial demand. In Indonesia, a leading steel manufacturing company, boasting significant production capacities for Hot Rolled Coil (HRC) and Cold Rolled Coil (CRC) products, with capacities of 2,400,000 and 850,000 tons per year. However, current production lags at 1,500,000 and 500,000 tons annually for HRC and CRC. Notably, the production process recorded defect ratios of 15.85%, 15.65%, and 15.56% from 2020 to 2022, with waste waiting accounting for a breakdown time and operating time ratio of ±40%. The study employs Lean Six Sigma to analyze and mitigate waste during HRC production, aiming to augment product value, production efficiency, and cost reduction. Through Value Stream Mapping and Process Activity Mapping, 44.93% of Necessary Not Value- Added Activities (NNVA). In the next stage, critical wastes including waste defects, overproduction, and waiting are selected using the Waste Assessment Model. The Analysis stage employs fishbone diagrams and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to determine root causes and assess risk. Proposed improvements include toolbox meetings, maintenance scheduling, check sheets, a work roll replacement algorithm, and sensor adjustments, projected to raise sigma values significantly for waste defects, overproduction, and waiting.

Sengon (Albizia chinensis) is a type of forest plant that grows quickly and is widely used to meet human needs. The large number of uses of Sengon wood causes sengon wood waste, such as sawdust, to increase. The study’s aim is to analyze the morphology and structure of sawdust waste after adding magnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The methods include collecting sawdust waste from wood (Sengon) was conducted by the crushing process to get smaller sawdust sizes. Alkalization was applied to sawdust and followed by a bleaching process. The powder is then immersed in a solution containing magnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles of 10wt%, and then dried. Sawdust composite powder the analyzed using X-ray diffraction and electron microscope instruments. The result indicates that magnetic nanoparticles deposit on sawdust powder and then make the powder become rougher. Higher content of magnetic nanoparticles causes higher agglomeration. The diffraction pattern with 2θ of 14, 16, and 22 indicates that the structure of sawdust is cellulose 1β. The degree of crystalline of sawdust powder reduces from 76.1% to 73.3% after adding magnetic nanoparticle. In the future, these composite powder results will develop as flocculants for wastewater treatment.

One of the prominent mining companies in Indonesia, PT Vale, have invested in vast corporate social responsibility programs in the fields of environment protection, social livelihood, employment, and economic resilience towards locals in mining areas. However, a common perception held among stakeholders have concluded that PT Vale could display greater care for its social programs, which would incorporate the interests of the community. Utilizing contemporary studies on stakeholder theory, this research provides insights of the mining industry, which have been expressed by vast stakeholders including government and Non-Government Organizations, in relation to aspects to consider before granting mining business licenses in the future. In doing so, it compares social programs between the current mining company (PT Vale) and the past (PT Inco), and determines what practices were favored by interest groups. After the distribution of questionnaires to four mine-affect areas in East Luwu Regency, Indonesia, government elites, community leaders, women figures, indigenous people, fishermen, local contractors and PT Vale employees perceived that in 2023, PT Vale have shown great progress in social, environmental management, and economic conditions compared to past mining companies. However, it founds that locals perceive a major deficiency, which is the low rate of local worker absorptions. This study contributes to the discourse of corporate social responsibility, and reveals community perceptions towards mining companies in affected areas.

Competitive state anxiety influences cognitive, emotional, and athlete behaviour while they have to perform perfectly in a competition. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of Mindfulness Sports Performance Enhancement (MSPE) training on competitive state anxiety of karate athletes in Surabaya. The research method used is quantitative with an experimental design. The sample in this study was 28 Karate athletes from Dojo Shiroite and INKAI in Surabaya. Those samples were selected using quota sampling. The intervention provided was an MSPE intervention adapted from Mindfulness Sports Performance Enhancement (MSPE). The data collection method was carried out using a competitive state anxiety scale adapted from The Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2 with 17 items. The data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSS 26. The result showed a significant decrease in the average competitive state anxiety by 9.25 points. This condition is supported by the decrease in cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety dimension by 7.76 and 3.86 points. The decrease was also followed by an increase in the self-confidence dimension by 8.21 points. The findings in this study show the importance of continuous mental mindfulness training to improve athlete performance by overcoming competitive state anxiety. This research can also be a reference for practitioners and researchers. MSPE training can be developed as an effort to improve or solve problems related to an athlete's condition.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan problem psikososial migran perkotaan atau biasa disebut perilaku “boro†(pergi ke wilayah lain untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup dengan bekerja) pada kalangan pedagang soto asal Lamongan di Surabaya yang mulai berdagang sejak tahun 2000-an dan cara mereka menyelesaikan problem tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan analisis tematik melalui studi kasus, hasil wawancara dan observasi menunjukkan bahwa problem psikososial migran perkotaan yang dihadapi pedagang soto Lamongan dapat dilihat dari profil sebagai perintis atau penerus usaha. Pada pedagang migran yang merintis, terdapat kesulitan pada proses awal menentukan tempat berdagang, sedangkan pada pedagang yang meneruskan usaha, cenderung tidak ada kesulitan. Dalam aktivitas berdagang, problem yang terjadi seperti: kurangnya rasa percaya diri dengan kapasitas atau sumber daya yang dimiliki sebagai seorang pendatang dan kecemasan akan kegagalan, terlebih pedagang migran perkotaan akan khawatir jika warungnya sepi pengunjung. Penyelesaiannya meliputi: (1) pembelajaran sosial, (2) adaptasi, (3) akulturasi budaya, (4) ketabahan, dan (5) kedisiplinan. Studi mengenai kajian model akulturasi di level psikologis perlu dikembangkan agar dapat memberi kontribusi bagi pemberdayaan masyarakat migran.

Ethnography has gained more popularity in psychological research in recent years. As one of the qualitative traditions, ethnography is best to describe the behaviour of group and group member deeply rooted in its culture and cultural values. This paper presents a literature review on the role, challenges, and opportunities in adopting ethnography in psychological research. Study examples are presented within which,types of ethnographical design to explore new psychological phenomena are discussed. Continous self-reflection for both researchers and participants and researcher’s flexibility of using data collection methods informed by researcher’s positionality and engagement are suggested to further advance rigour in the study findings.

Various programs were developed by the company to improve the capacity of women leaders. However, on the other hand, the factor of family support, especially the husband support, has so far been neglected in scientific research related to women leaders. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the role of husband support in the personal growth of women leaders. This study used a phenomenological qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews with 6 women leaders. The results show that what motivates women leaders in their personal growth initiative is wanting to get out of their comfort zone, being challenged to become useful people, and having a clear career path. Besides, forms of support such as not complaining a lot, providing real assistance, providing solutions or information, providing emotional support, and giving space for the women to be alone or free to do things are forms of support needed by women leaders in Indonesia. Moreover, jealous husbands and husbands who forbid and demand many things are felt to inhibit the personal growth initiative of women leaders. Furthermore, the husband's dominant role so far is to support the personal growth initiative process.

Pandemi Covid-19 memiliki dampak ekonomi yang sangat besar karena memaksa masyarakat untuk mengurangi aktivitas luar rumah secara signifikan sehingga mengubah banyak tatanan kehidupan. Keluarga dengan ketahanan yang baik menjadi elemen utama menghadapi guncangan ekonomi selama pandemi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis ketahanan keluarga menghadapi guncangan ekonomi selama pandemi. Metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa komitmen orang tua terhadap pendidikan serta peran spiritualitas meningkatkan keterampilan adaptasi keluarga terhadap tekanan sehingga mampu membentuk strategi ketahanan keluarga selama pandemi. Dinamika ketahanan keluarga yang seharusnya menjadi pertahanan utama ketika pandemi tidak berfungsi secara optimal karena keguncangan ekonomi sehingga berdampak besar pada aspek fisik, psikologis, dan sosial. Ketahanan aspek sosial melahirkan ketahanan pada aspek psikologis. Upaya meningkatkan ketahanan keluarga dengan mengoptimalkan fungsi dan peran keluarga serta perlunya sosialisasi ketahanan keluarga yang diadakan institusi atau komunitas. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya kebijakan dari pemerintah untuk menggalakkan penguatan ketahanan keluarga.

This study answers the question of the effect of the level of electricity consumption (LEC) on the level of human welfare both in the short and long term. Recently, many studies that investigated the impact of LEC to economic growth has been conducted. Most of them argued that electricity consumption have positive impact to economic growth. However, the study that analyzes LEC's impact on the Human Development Index (HDI) and Happiness Index (HI) still needs to be completed. The research data uses secondary data sourced from the worldbank from 2012-2019. The number of countries as sample of this study were 38 countries in Asia. We choose and analyze the countries that have complete data for all variables until 2019. The analysis tool used is the Panel Vector Error Correction Model (PVECM). We analyzed data using PVECM because we wanted to understand the impact of LEC on HDI and HI both in the short and long run. The results revealed the relation between LEC and human welfare indicators. Finally, we found in the long run, there are no variables that have a significant effect on electricity consumption. Meanwhile, based on the short-term equation, it was found that in model 1 with the LEC dependent variable, it was found that only the previous period's LEC variable was significant. In Model 2, with the HDI dependent variable, it is known that the previous period's HDI variable has a significant effect. These results are also similar to the HI and LAK variables. The HI and LAK variables are only influenced by HI and LAK variables in the previous time lag. The implication of this study is increasing of electricity consumption would not direct impact on human development index and happiness index.

Phytoestrogens are compounds from plants that have a structure and function similar to estrogen (17β-estradiol). Phytoestrogens can be found in Chrysophyllum cainito L., Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Lannea acida Rich., Marsilea crenata Presl., and Medicago sativa L. This systematic review aimed to prove that all of these five plants have phytoestrogens which were observed with several instruments, and to assess activities and bone forming mechanisms from these five plants in the female mice (Mus musculus) and female rats (Rattus norvegicus). This systematic review was done by identifying articles in several databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct). The process of selecting the articles used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to create a flowchart with inclusion and exclusion study criteria. Meta-synthesis was done to analyze, identify, and interpret all of the data in the articles systematically. 31 articles in total were obtained from the selection process, with 27 articles containing a discussion about chemical compound content and 4 articles describing research results for in vivo testing of the plants that were reviewed. The results showed that these five plants have phytoestrogens and by in vivo testing have the activity in increasing trabecular bone density in the experimental animals.

This study aims to determine the effect of individual characteristics, work placement and work environment on employee performance. There are three independent variables, namely individual characteristics, work placement and work environment to be tested for the effect on the dependent variable, namely employee performance. The population in this study were all employees of PT Post Energy Indonesia Jakarta Office, amounting to 114 people. In this study using simple random sampling and obtained data as many as 57 respondents. The research data used is primary data, which is obtained through the distribution of questionnaires. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that: There is a positive and significant influence between Individual Characteristics and Work Environment on Employee Performance, but there is no effect of Work Placement on Employee Performance with a significant value. The results of the coefficient of determination test show that the Adjusted R Square value of 40% of the dependent variable on employee performance can be explained by the independent variables, namely individual characteristics, work placement and work environment, while other factors of 60% are influenced by other variables outside the variables studied.

Elephant Riding (ER) in zoos has become a matter of public interest, raising debates among experts regarding animal ethics, elephants’ welfare, and human safety. Through the submission of the Middle Hypothesis that ER tends to enhance human knowledge about conservation, this study’s aim is to provide strategies to help zoo managements in their works based on the basic principles of wildlife conservation and protection, especially Sumatran elephants. The participants’ knowledge was measured using questionnaires distributed to two groups of respondents: people who have and people who have not utilized ER services. Meanwhile, the strategy was recommended through the Analytical Hierarchy Process of 17 expert respondents. According to the independent sample t-test performed with 95% confidence level, human knowledge of elephant conservation increased significantly through ER. Furthermore, experts with consistency ratios (CR) ≤ 0.1 selected a strategy where environmental quality was prioritized as a recommended strategy in ER management. This strategy is to put forward the principles guaranteeing the elephants’ welfare, which has a criterion weight of 0.40717. The other recommended strategies include conducting conservation education (0.23973), ensuring the safety of visitors (0.22972), and improving the welfare of the community around zoo (0.12338).

Lombok is one of the national priority tourism areas, which is the government's development target. One of the tourism developments in Lombok that will contribute to the community's welfare is economic development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the digital economy-based tourism development policy in Lombok's national tourism destination. The research method is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The method of determining the informants used purposive sampling. Test the validity and reliability of the data using data triangulation techniques. The results show that Lombok's digital economy-based tourism development policy is not yet optimal. This can be seen from the limited marketing and distribution of community products, especially for MSMEs. So, it can be concluded that there must be a policy from the government to develop digital economy-based tourism in Lombok so that the community's economy increases.

The Indonesian government realizes that developing alternative instruments for financing the state budget needs to continue—one of them with financing instruments based on sharia principles. This study examines the response of the Indonesian government in policy actions to seek financing for research and development infrastructure through Sukuk financing. This study uses a qualitative method with a narrative approach. This study uses three data collection techniques: regulatory survey, secondary data research, and Expert Elicitation with Experts' Judgments. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses content analysis, stakeholder analysis matrix, 're-analysis,' and digital discourse analysis. The results of this research reveal that the policy actions taken by the Indonesian government are through 1) regulatory in the form of policies related to the Sukuk financing policy in Indonesia, by issuing one regulation in the form of a law, one rule in the form of a Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia, and four rules at the level of ministerial regulations. On the other hand, the results of the mapping of stakeholders show that there are four clusters of actors, namely decision makers, project initiators, support partners, and civil society - media. 2) applicative action in the form of budget allocation related to infrastructure financing Sukuk in the research and development sector, during 2018-2022, financed 41 projects from 10 ministries/agencies. In the end, this research provides recommendations; namely, it is necessary to diversify the types of infrastructure that can be financed from Sukuk financing so that they follow the needs of Ministries/Agencies and Local Governments.

[Figure: see text]Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) topic has become one of the most debatable discourses in the international journals. In the Scopus database, 24,034 documents were recorded as the results when navigating the publications under the STI theme. However, this study limits the bibliometric analysis of the STI topics within the National Innovation System (NIS) framework. In addition, the limitation of the time period is from 1990 to 2020. This study utilizes the literature analysis sourced from the Scopus database and the visualization was performed by utilizing VOSviewer version 1.6.17. The results indicate that 1) STI within the NIS framework has presented a growing topic which becomes the concern to researchers worldwide since the 1990s (44 publications) increasing to 1.314 publications (total publications) until the end of 2020; 2) the United States is regarded as the country of origin for the author’s most published affiliation (171 articles); 3) the United Kingdom has demonstrated better paper quality, which is 50.22, based on total citations to total paper; 4) Universitetet i Oslo is recorded as the institution with the most publications; 5) approximately 2,324 authors, either individual or in group are recorded in publishing papers for the last three decades; 6) Wonglimpiyarat, J. of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Cambridge, United States, is regarded as the most productive author; 7) Research Policy has been referred as the journal publishing the most under this topic; and 8) approximately 44 publications are recorded in the 1990s, 345 are in the 2000s, and 925 are in the 2010s.

Students who memorize the Qur'an in carrying out their duties on campus and in Islamic boarding schools simultaneously make students inconsistent with the process of memorizing the Qur'an. It takes motivation and self-concept to minimize procrastination by knowing self-image through experiences from interactions with the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of self-concept, motivation, procrastination in students who memorized the Qur'an and the relationship between self-concept and procrastination, motivation and procrastination, as well as self-concept and motivation with delays in memorizing students. The method used is quantitative with a purposive sampling technique. The research sample amounted to 58 people. The scale used is CVR (Content Validity Ratio) and then analyzed using Pearson correlation calculations. The results showed a negative and significant relationship between self-concept and memorization procrastination. This is indicated by the correlation coefficient (rxy) of -0.536 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The higher the self-concept of students, the lower the procrastination of memorizing students. While the results of the study between memorization motivation and memorization procrastination showed a positive correlation. This is indicated by the correlation coefficient (rxy) of 0.461 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate no significant correlation between memorization motivation and memorization procrastination.

English language learning is a process that students must go through in order to reach the optimum level of proficiency in the language. International student exchange programs are activities that might assist students in practicing and improving their English. The purposes of this study were to investigate the benefits and to identify the challenges of participating in an international student exchange program while studying English at the English Language Education Department of an Islamic Private University in Yogyakarta. The research design for this study was a qualitative descriptive one. The data for this study were gathered through interviews. Three students from the English Language Education Department of a private Islamic university in Yogyakarta participated in this investigation. The first finding concerned the advantages of participating in an international student exchange program while studying English. It shown that participating in international student exchange programs aided students in making foreign friends, interacting with native English speakers, practicing, and improving their English abilities, and boosting their self-confidence. The second result concerned the challenges associated with participating in an international student exchange program to improve their English. It demonstrated that students who participated in an international student exchange program failed to engage with local people outside of school and experienced culture shock. All associated parties, including students, host universities, university senders, and the program's committee, should organize and execute the program's activities with care and attention, beginning with the program's planning, preparation, deployment, evaluations, and follow-up.

Penelitian studi kasus ini memiliki tujuan mendeskripsikan reaksi psikologis dan dampak sosial psikologis sistem zonasi penerimaan siswa baru di SMK, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh dari wawancara terhadap seorang siswa kelas X SMK di Surabaya (yang mengalami sistem zonasi saat penerimaan siswa baru), orang tua, guru dan tokoh masyarakat (ketua RT tempat siswa tinggal). Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian ini tidak setuju adanya sistem zonasi dalam penerimaan siswa baru dikarenakan dengan adanya sistem zonasi membatasi siswa-siswi yang berprestasi untuk masuk ke sekolah yang favorit atau yang diingankan, merasa kecewa karena dengan adanya zonasi beberapa pihak merasa dirugikan karena sudah meluangkan waktu untuk mengikuti les dan sudah mengeluarkan biaya supaya bisa masuk ke sekolah favorit dan itu berdampak untuk setiap individu yang terkena sistem zonasi. Kesimpulannya sistem zonasi memberikan efek psikologis pada individu karena membuat kecewa dan mengurangi keinginan untuk berprestasi setiap individu

Shopaholic merupakan istilah yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan perilaku seseorang yang tidak mampu menahan keinginan untuk berbelanja. Menggunakan pendekatan grounded theory, penelitian kualitatif ini menyoroti shopaholic yang dilakukan oleh partisipan yang berasal dari kalangan mahasiswa. Dengan prevalensi shopaholic yang besar di kalangan mahasiswa karena terkait gaya hidup dan tren antar sebayanya. Diperparah dengan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh perilaku ini berupa uang dan waktu yang tidak sedikit untuk memenuhi kebutuhan berbelanja menjadikan fenomena ini menarik untuk dibahas. Partisipan sebagai sumber data utama pada penelitian ini ditentukan menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria: mahasiswa perempuan, berusia 18-20 tahun, dan menunjukkan perilaku shopaholic. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinamika psikologis pada pelaku shopaholic dari kalangan mahasiswa adalah kecenderungan orangtua pelaku yang menerapkan pola pengasuhan permissive dilengkapi tersedianya dukungan finansial orangtua yang berkecukupan (uang bulanan yang berlebihan) membuat mahasiswa yang bersangkutan tidak merasa bersalah atau merasa perlu untuk mengontrol perilaku shopaholic mereka.