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Objectives: Root surface caries experience tends to increase with age. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the relationship between aspects of dietary intake, including milk and sucrose in coffee or tea (SCT), and root surface caries in older Japanese individuals. Methods: 303 community‐dwelling older individuals (age 75 years) were enrolled for analysis. All participants underwent a dental examination at baseline and then annually from 2003 to 2008 (ie six times over a 5‐year period). A disease event was considered to have occurred when root surface caries was detected on a previously sound or nonexposed root surface. Over the observation period, disease events in each year were counted. Dietary habits during the preceding month were evaluated using a brief self‐administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) in 2003 and 2008. Poisson regression analysis performed crude and adjusted increment‐rate ratios (IRRs) for root surface caries and the intake of milk and SCT. Results: The adjusted increment‐rate ratio (IRR) of the increment of root surface caries for participants in the highest SCT tertile was 1.72 (95%CI: 1.40‐2.14) compared with the referent group. In addition, for the amount of milk intake, the adjusted IRR in the highest tertile was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.51‐0.78) compared with the referent group. Conclusions: Much SCT and low milk intake were associated with the increment of root surface caries in community‐dwelling older people in Japan. These findings suggest that to help prevent root surface caries, community‐dwelling older people in Japan should consume adequate amounts of milk daily and limit their intake of SCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Weight loss is a critical health issue among the older population. This study aimed to explore the association between weight loss and oral health in older adults.We used cross‐sectional data from the Uonuma Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort Study. The binary logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the relationship between weight loss and independent variables including the number of teeth present.The participants included 1656 females and 1625 males. There were 1217 females (73.4%) and 1236 males (76.0%) with normal BMI (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) in the previous year. Weight loss was determined over a 12‐month period. Individuals with normal BMI in previous year, and those with weight loss (≥ 5%) or those whom maintained a stable weight were further analysed. The regression analysis (model 3, fully adjusted) showed that females with 0 and 1–10 teeth present had a higher likelihood of losing weight (OR = 4.07; 95% CI = 1.85–8.93, OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.24–4.39) compared with those with 20 or more teeth. Current smokers had a higher likelihood of losing weight (OR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.01–9.76) than lifelong abstainers. Among males, both current and previous smokers showed a higher likelihood of losing weight (OR = 4.94; 95%CI = 1.76–13.8, OR = 3.35; 95% CI = 1.29–8.68) than those who never smoked.This study indicates that the number of teeth and smoking are both linked to weight loss in females. However, in males, the association between the number of teeth and weight loss may be compromised due to the high prevalence of smoking in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the association of low renal function and overweight with poor periodontal condition in community-dwelling older Japanese women., Materials and Methods: In total, 359 older women (age range: 55-74 years) participated in this study. Two periodontal parameters - the number of teeth with a probing pocket depth (PPD) or clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 4 mm - were used as the dependent variables. The principal independent variables were low renal function as defined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and overweight as defined by the body mass index. Poisson regression analysis was used to calculate the ratio of means (RM)., Results: The RMs of the number of teeth with a PPD or CAL ≥ 4 mm in an adjusted model without an interaction term were 1.21- or 1.27-fold higher among those with an eGFR < 60, while those among the participants with an eGFR < 60 in the adjusted model with interaction terms for the number of teeth with a PPD or CAL ≥ 4 mm were 1.43- or 1.36-fold higher. In addition, increments of periodontal risk with low renal function and overweight showed a slightly smaller to negative trend., Conclusion: The present findings suggest a connection between unfavourable periodontal health and both renal function and being overweight among older Japanese women. A weak negative interaction was also found between poor renal condition and overweight in relation to periodontal condition.

Purpose: To investigate the association between plasma antibody levels against Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) and atrial fibrillation (AF) history in community-dwelling older individuals in Japan., Materials and Methods: This study was a subset of the Uonuma cohort study, including 3091 participants aged 60-79 years. Data were collected, including AF history as a dependent variable, plasma immunoglobulin G antibody levels against PG as an independent variable, and previously reported AF risk factors and demographic information as covariates., Results: The median age of the participants was 69 years. Of the 3091 participants, 1411 (45.6%) were men, and 56 (1.8%) had an AF history. AF prevalence was significantly higher in participants with higher antibody levels against PG than in those with lower antibody levels (3.0% vs 1.4%; p = 0.005). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that participants with higher antibody levels against PG had twofold higher odds of having AF (odds ratio = 2.13; 95% confidence interval = 1.23-3.69). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between antibody levels against PG and AF history., Conclusion: Plasma antibody levels against PG were associated with AF history in community-dwelling older individuals in Japan.