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2. Prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog in people with long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Feltz-Cornelis, CVD, Turk, F, Sweetman, J, Khunti, K, Gabbay, M, Shepherd, J, Montgomery, H, Strain, WD, Lip, GYH, Wootton, D, Watkins, CL, Cuthbertson, DJ, Williams, N, Banerjee, A, Feltz-Cornelis, CVD, Turk, F, Sweetman, J, Khunti, K, Gabbay, M, Shepherd, J, Montgomery, H, Strain, WD, Lip, GYH, Wootton, D, Watkins, CL, Cuthbertson, DJ, Williams, N, and Banerjee, A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Long COVID can include impaired cognition ('brain fog'; a term encompassing multiple symptoms) and mental health conditions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate their prevalence and to explore relevant factors associated with the incidence of impaired cognition and mental health conditions. METHODS: Searches were conducted in Medline and PsycINFO to cover the start of the pandemic until August 2023. Included studies reported prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog in adults with long COVID after clinically-diagnosed or PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. FINDINGS: 17 studies were included, reporting 41,249 long COVID patients. Across all timepoints (3-24 months), the combined prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog was 20·4% (95% CI 11·1%-34·4%), being lower among those previously hospitalised than in community-managed patients(19·5 vs 29·7% respectively; p = 0·047). The odds of mental health conditions and brain fog increased over time and when validated instruments were used. Odds of brain fog significantly decreased with increasing vaccination rates (p = ·000). CONCLUSIONS: Given the increasing prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog over time, preventive interventions and treatments are needed. Research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms that could inform further research in development of effective treatments. The reduced risk of brain fog associated with vaccination emphasizes the need for ongoing vaccination programs.

Published
2024

9. STIMULATE-ICP-Delphi (Symptoms, Trajectory, Inequalities and Management: Understanding Long-COVID to Address and Transform Existing Integrated Care Pathways Delphi): Study protocol

Author

Delanerolle, G, van der Feltz-Cornelis, CM, Sweetman, J, Allsopp, G, Attree, E, Crooks, MG, Cuthbertson, DJ, Forshaw, D, Gabbay, M, Green, A, Heightman, M, Hillman, T, Hishmeh, L, Khunti, K, Lip, GYH, Lorgelly, P, Montgomery, H, Strain, WD, Wall, E, Watkins, C, Williams, N, Wootton, DG, Banerjee, A, STIMULATE-ICP, C, Delanerolle, G, van der Feltz-Cornelis, CM, Sweetman, J, Allsopp, G, Attree, E, Crooks, MG, Cuthbertson, DJ, Forshaw, D, Gabbay, M, Green, A, Heightman, M, Hillman, T, Hishmeh, L, Khunti, K, Lip, GYH, Lorgelly, P, Montgomery, H, Strain, WD, Wall, E, Watkins, C, Williams, N, Wootton, DG, Banerjee, A, and STIMULATE-ICP, C

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: As mortality rates from COVID-19 disease fall, the high prevalence of long-term sequelae (Long COVID) is becoming increasingly widespread, challenging healthcare systems globally. Traditional pathways of care for Long Term Conditions (LTCs) have tended to be managed by disease-specific specialties, an approach that has been ineffective in delivering care for patients with multi-morbidity. The multi-system nature of Long COVID and its impact on physical and psychological health demands a more effective model of holistic, integrated care. The evolution of integrated care systems (ICSs) in the UK presents an important opportunity to explore areas of mutual benefit to LTC, multi-morbidity and Long COVID care. There may be benefits in comparing and contrasting ICPs for Long COVID with ICPs for other LTCs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study aims to evaluate health services requirements for ICPs for Long COVID and their applicability to other LTCs including multi-morbidity and the overlap with medically not yet explained symptoms (MNYES). The study will follow a Delphi design and involve an expert panel of stakeholders including people with lived experience, as well as clinicians with expertise in Long COVID and other LTCs. Study processes will include expert panel and moderator panel meetings, surveys, and interviews. The Delphi process is part of the overall STIMULATE-ICP programme, aimed at improving integrated care for people with Long COVID. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval for this Delphi study has been obtained (Research Governance Board of the University of York) as have approvals for the other STIMULATE-ICP studies. Study outcomes are likely to inform policy for ICPs across LTCs. Results will be disseminated through scientific publication, conference presentation and communications with patients and stakeholders involved in care of other LTCs and Long COVID. REGISTRATION: Researchregistry: https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#

Published
2022

13. Deploying anin vitrogut model to assay the impact of a mannan-oligosaccharide prebiotic, Bio-Mos® on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) gut microbiome

Author

Kazlauskaite, R., primary, Cheaib, B., additional, Humble, J., additional, Heys, C., additional, Ijaz, U. Z., additional, Connelly, S., additional, Sloan, W.T., additional, Russell, J., additional, Martinez-Rubio, L., additional, Sweetman, J., additional, Kitts, A., additional, McGinnity, P., additional, Lyons, P., additional, and Llewellyn, M.S., additional

Published
2021
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15. Dietary mannan oligosaccharide supplementation modulates intestinal microbial ecology and improves gut morphology of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Author

Dimitroglou, A., Merrifield, D.L., Moate, R., Davies, S.J., Spring, P., Sweetman, J., and Bradley, G.

Subjects
Dietary supplements -- Health aspects, Rainbow trout -- Food and nutrition, Rainbow trout -- Physiological aspects, Animal feeding and feeds -- Health aspects, Mannan-binding lectin -- Health aspects, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on the gut microbiota and intestinal morphology of rainbow trout under commercial fanning conditions. Juvenile (mean initial BW 38.2 [+ or -] 1.7 g) and subadult (111.7 [+ or -] 11.6 g) trout were fed 2 dietary treatments for 111 and 58 d, respectively. The control treatment consisted of a standard commercial diet, and the MOS treatment consisted of the control diet supplemented with 0.2% MOS. Morphology of tim anterior and the posterior intestine was examined with light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy demonstrated increased gut absorptive sm'face area in the subadult MOS group. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed an increase in microvilli length and density in the subadult MOS group compared with the control (P < 0.05). However, no significant improvements were detected in the juvenile group. Culture-based evaluation of the intestinal microbiota showed that MOS significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the viable intestinal bacterial populations (by approximately 2 log scales in all cases). Levels of Aeromonas/Vibrio spp. were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the juvenile MOS group (9% of the total microbiota) compared with the juvenile control group (37%). Additionally, analysis of nficrobial communities was conducted using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting revealed an alteration of bacterial populations; analysis of similarity, similarity percentages, and nonmetric multidimensional scab ing analysis showed that MOS reduced species richness and increased similarity of bacterial populations found within the subadult and juvenile groups. The current study shows that MOS modulates intestinal microbial communities, which subsequently improve gut morphology and epithelial brush border. Key words: histology, mannan oligosaccharide, microbiota, prebiotic, rainbow trout

Published
2009

16. Improving greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) defenses against monogenean parasite Neobenedenia girellae infection through functional dietary additives

Author

Fernández-Montero, Á., primary, Torrecillas, S., additional, Acosta, F., additional, Kalinowski, T., additional, Bravo, J., additional, Sweetman, J., additional, Roo, J., additional, Makol, A., additional, Docando, J., additional, Carvalho, M., additional, Izquierdo, M.S., additional, and Montero, D., additional

Published
2021
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18. Subjective status and perceived legitimacy across countries

Author

Brandt, MJ, Kuppens, T, Spears, R, Andrighetto, L, Autin, F, Babincak, P, Badea, C, Bae, J, Batruch, A, Becker, JC, Bocian, K, Bodroza, B, Bourguignon, D, Bukowski, M, Butera, F, Butler, SE, Chryssochoou, X, Conway, P, Crawford, JT, Croizet, J-C, de Lemus, S, Degner, J, Dragon, P, Durante, F, Easterbrook, MJ, Essien, I, Forgas, JP, Gonzalez, R, Graf, S, Halama, P, Han, G, Hong, RY, Houdek, P, Igou, ER, Inbar, Y, Jetten, J, Jimenez Leal, W, Jimenez-Moya, G, Karunagharan, JK, Kende, A, Korzh, M, Laham, SM, Lammers, J, Lim, L, Manstead, ASR, Mededovic, J, Melton, ZJ, Motyl, M, Ntani, S, Owuamalam, CK, Peker, M, Platow, MJ, Prims, JP, Reyna, C, Rubin, M, Saab, R, Sankaran, S, Shepherd, L, Sibley, CG, Sobkow, A, Spruyt, B, Stroebaek, P, Suemer, N, Sweetman, J, Teixeira, CP, Toma, C, Ujhelyi, A, van der Toorn, J, van Hiel, A, Vasquez-Echeverria, A, Vazquez, A, Vianello, M, Vranka, M, Yzerbyt, V, Zimmerman, JL, Brandt, MJ, Kuppens, T, Spears, R, Andrighetto, L, Autin, F, Babincak, P, Badea, C, Bae, J, Batruch, A, Becker, JC, Bocian, K, Bodroza, B, Bourguignon, D, Bukowski, M, Butera, F, Butler, SE, Chryssochoou, X, Conway, P, Crawford, JT, Croizet, J-C, de Lemus, S, Degner, J, Dragon, P, Durante, F, Easterbrook, MJ, Essien, I, Forgas, JP, Gonzalez, R, Graf, S, Halama, P, Han, G, Hong, RY, Houdek, P, Igou, ER, Inbar, Y, Jetten, J, Jimenez Leal, W, Jimenez-Moya, G, Karunagharan, JK, Kende, A, Korzh, M, Laham, SM, Lammers, J, Lim, L, Manstead, ASR, Mededovic, J, Melton, ZJ, Motyl, M, Ntani, S, Owuamalam, CK, Peker, M, Platow, MJ, Prims, JP, Reyna, C, Rubin, M, Saab, R, Sankaran, S, Shepherd, L, Sibley, CG, Sobkow, A, Spruyt, B, Stroebaek, P, Suemer, N, Sweetman, J, Teixeira, CP, Toma, C, Ujhelyi, A, van der Toorn, J, van Hiel, A, Vasquez-Echeverria, A, Vazquez, A, Vianello, M, Vranka, M, Yzerbyt, V, and Zimmerman, JL

Abstract

The relationships between subjective status and perceived legitimacy are important for understanding the extent to which people with low status are complicit in their oppression. We use novel data from 66 samples and 30 countries (N = 12,788) and find that people with higher status see the social system as more legitimate than those with lower status, but there is variation across people and countries. The association between subjective status and perceived legitimacy was never negative at any levels of eight moderator variables, although the positive association was sometimes reduced. Although not always consistent with hypotheses, group identification, self-esteem, and beliefs in social mobility were all associated with perceived legitimacy among people who have low subjective status. These findings enrich our understanding of the relationship between social status and legitimacy.

Published
2020

19. Subjective Status and Perceived Legitimacy across Countries

Author

Brandt, M, Kuppens, T, Spears, R, Andrighetto, L, Autin, F, Babincak, P, Badea, C, Bae, J, Batruch, A, Becker, J, Bocian, K, Bodroža, B, Bourguignon, D, Bukowski, M, Butera, F, Butler, S, Chryssochoou, X, Conway, P, Crawford, J, Croizet, J, de Lemus, S, Degner, J, Dragon, P, Durante, F, Easterbrook, M, Essien, I, Forgas, J, González, R, Graf, S, Halama, P, Han, G, Hong, R, Houdek, P, Igou, E, Inbar, Y, Jetten, J, Jimenez Leal, W, Jiménez‐moya, G, Kumar Karunagharan, J, Kende, A, Korzh, M, Laham, S, Lammers, J, Lim, L, Manstead, A, Međedović, J, Melton, Z, Motyl, M, Ntani, S, Kevin Owuamalam, C, Peker, M, Platow, M, Prims, J, Reyna, C, Rubin, M, Saab, R, Sankaran, S, Shepherd, L, Sibley, C, Sobkow, A, Spruyt, B, Stroebaek, P, Sümer, N, Sweetman, J, Teixeira, C, Toma, C, Ujhelyi, A, van der Toorn, J, van Hiel, A, Vásquez‐ Echeverría, A, Vazquez, A, Vianello, M, Vranka, M, Yzerbyt, V, Zimmerman, J, Brandt, Mark J., Kuppens, Toon, Spears, Russell, Andrighetto, Luca, Autin, Frederique, Babincak, Peter, Badea, Constantina, Bae, Jaechang, Batruch, Anatolia, Becker, Julia C., Bocian, Konrad, Bodroža, Bojana, Bourguignon, David, Bukowski, Marcin, Butera, Fabrizio, Butler, Sarah E., Chryssochoou, Xenia, Conway, Paul, Crawford, Jarret T., Croizet, Jean‐Claude, de Lemus, Soledad, Degner, Juliane, Dragon, Piotr, Durante, Federica, Easterbrook, Matthew J., Essien, Iniobong, Forgas, Joseph P., González, Roberto, Graf, Sylvie, Halama, Peter, Han, Gyuseog, Hong, Ryan Y, Houdek, Petr, Igou, Eric R., Inbar, Yoel, Jetten, Jolanda, Jimenez Leal, William, Jiménez‐Moya, Gloria, Kumar Karunagharan, Jaya, Kende, Anna, Korzh, Maria, Laham, Simon M., Lammers, Joris, Lim, Li, Manstead, Antony S. R., Međedović, Janko, Melton, Zachary J., Motyl, Matt, Ntani, Spyridoula, Kevin Owuamalam, Chuma, Peker, Müjde, Platow, Michael J., Prims, JP, Reyna, Christine, Rubin, Mark, Saab, Rim, Sankaran, Sindhuja, Shepherd, Lee, Sibley, Chris G., Sobkow, Agata, Spruyt, Bram, Stroebaek, Pernille, Sümer, Nebi, Sweetman, Joseph, Teixeira, Catia, Toma, Claudia, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, van der Toorn, Jojanneke, van Hiel, Alain, Vásquez‐ Echeverría, Alejandro, Vazquez, Alexandra, Vianello, Michelangelo, Vranka, Marek, Yzerbyt, Vincent, Zimmerman, Jennifer L., Brandt, M, Kuppens, T, Spears, R, Andrighetto, L, Autin, F, Babincak, P, Badea, C, Bae, J, Batruch, A, Becker, J, Bocian, K, Bodroža, B, Bourguignon, D, Bukowski, M, Butera, F, Butler, S, Chryssochoou, X, Conway, P, Crawford, J, Croizet, J, de Lemus, S, Degner, J, Dragon, P, Durante, F, Easterbrook, M, Essien, I, Forgas, J, González, R, Graf, S, Halama, P, Han, G, Hong, R, Houdek, P, Igou, E, Inbar, Y, Jetten, J, Jimenez Leal, W, Jiménez‐moya, G, Kumar Karunagharan, J, Kende, A, Korzh, M, Laham, S, Lammers, J, Lim, L, Manstead, A, Međedović, J, Melton, Z, Motyl, M, Ntani, S, Kevin Owuamalam, C, Peker, M, Platow, M, Prims, J, Reyna, C, Rubin, M, Saab, R, Sankaran, S, Shepherd, L, Sibley, C, Sobkow, A, Spruyt, B, Stroebaek, P, Sümer, N, Sweetman, J, Teixeira, C, Toma, C, Ujhelyi, A, van der Toorn, J, van Hiel, A, Vásquez‐ Echeverría, A, Vazquez, A, Vianello, M, Vranka, M, Yzerbyt, V, Zimmerman, J, Brandt, Mark J., Kuppens, Toon, Spears, Russell, Andrighetto, Luca, Autin, Frederique, Babincak, Peter, Badea, Constantina, Bae, Jaechang, Batruch, Anatolia, Becker, Julia C., Bocian, Konrad, Bodroža, Bojana, Bourguignon, David, Bukowski, Marcin, Butera, Fabrizio, Butler, Sarah E., Chryssochoou, Xenia, Conway, Paul, Crawford, Jarret T., Croizet, Jean‐Claude, de Lemus, Soledad, Degner, Juliane, Dragon, Piotr, Durante, Federica, Easterbrook, Matthew J., Essien, Iniobong, Forgas, Joseph P., González, Roberto, Graf, Sylvie, Halama, Peter, Han, Gyuseog, Hong, Ryan Y, Houdek, Petr, Igou, Eric R., Inbar, Yoel, Jetten, Jolanda, Jimenez Leal, William, Jiménez‐Moya, Gloria, Kumar Karunagharan, Jaya, Kende, Anna, Korzh, Maria, Laham, Simon M., Lammers, Joris, Lim, Li, Manstead, Antony S. R., Međedović, Janko, Melton, Zachary J., Motyl, Matt, Ntani, Spyridoula, Kevin Owuamalam, Chuma, Peker, Müjde, Platow, Michael J., Prims, JP, Reyna, Christine, Rubin, Mark, Saab, Rim, Sankaran, Sindhuja, Shepherd, Lee, Sibley, Chris G., Sobkow, Agata, Spruyt, Bram, Stroebaek, Pernille, Sümer, Nebi, Sweetman, Joseph, Teixeira, Catia, Toma, Claudia, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, van der Toorn, Jojanneke, van Hiel, Alain, Vásquez‐ Echeverría, Alejandro, Vazquez, Alexandra, Vianello, Michelangelo, Vranka, Marek, Yzerbyt, Vincent, and Zimmerman, Jennifer L.

Abstract

The relationships between subjective status and perceived legitimacy are important for understanding the extent to which people with low status are complicit in their oppression. We use novel data from 66 samples and 30 countries (N = 12,788) and find that people with higher status see the social system as more legitimate than those with lower status, but there is variation across people and countries. The association between subject status and perceived legitimacy was never negative at any levels of eight moderator variables, although the positive association was sometimes reduced. Although not always consistent with hypotheses, group identification, self‐esteem, and beliefs in social mobility were all associated with perceived legitimacy among people who have low subjective status. These findings enrich our understanding of the relationship between social status and legitimacy.

Published
2020

23. Deploying andin vitrogut model to assay the impact of a mannan-oligosaccharide prebiotic, Bio-MOS® on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) gut microbiome

Author

Kazlauskaite, R., primary, Cheaib, B., additional, Humble, J., additional, Heys, C., additional, Ijaz, U., additional, Connelly, S., additional, Sloan, W.T., additional, Russell, J., additional, Martinez-Rubio, L., additional, Sweetman, J., additional, Kitts, A., additional, McGinnity, P., additional, Lyons, P., additional, and Llewellyn, M., additional

Published
2020
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24. Development of a three-compartmentin vitrosimulator of the Atlantic Salmon GI tract and associated microbial communities: SalmoSim

Author

Kazlauskaite, R., primary, Cheaib, B., additional, Heys, C., additional, Ijaz, U., additional, Connelly, S., additional, Sloan, W.T., additional, Russell, J., additional, Martinez-Rubio, L., additional, Sweetman, J., additional, Kitts, A., additional, McGinnity, P., additional, Lyons, P., additional, and Llewellyn, M., additional

Published
2020
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26. Attitudes toward Arab ascendance : Israeli and global perspectives

Author

Pratto, F., Saguy, T., Stewart, A., Morselli, D., Foels, R., Aiello, A., Aranda, M., Cidam, A., Chryssochoou, X., Durrheim, K., Eicher, Véronique, Licata, L., Liu, J.H., Liu, L., Meyer, I., Muldoon, O., Papastamou, S., Petrovic, N., Prati, F., Prodomitis, G., Sweetman, J., Pratto, F., Saguy, T., Stewart, A., Morselli, D., Foels, R., Aiello, A., Aranda, M., Cidam, A., Chryssochoou, X., Durrheim, K., Eicher, Véronique, Licata, L., Liu, J.H., Liu, L., Meyer, I., Muldoon, O., Papastamou, S., Petrovic, N., Prati, F., Prodomitis, G., and Sweetman, J.

Published
2018

28. International support for the Arab Uprisings: Understanding sympathy protests using theories of social identity and social dominance

Author

Stewart, A.L., Pratto, F., Bou Zeineddine, F., Sweetman, J., Eicher, V., Licata, L., Morselli, D., Saab, R., Aiello, A., Chryssochoou, X., Cichocka, A., Cidam, A., Foels, R., Giguére, B., Li, L., Prati, F., van Stekelenburg, J., Sociology, and Social Change and Conflict (SCC)

Subjects
collective action, social dominance, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, ideology, social change, collective action, ideology, identity, social change, social dominance, identity
Abstract

Inspired by the popular Arab protests against oppressive regimes that began in 2010, people around the world protested in sympathy with the Arab peoples. The present research draws on two major theories of intergroup relations to develop an initial integrative model of sympathetic collective action. We incorporate social dominance theory’s (SDT) concept of (rejectionist) legitimizing myths with the solidarity and emotional mediation concept of the social identity model of collective action (SIMCA) to understand motivations for sympathetic collective action among bystanders. Using data from 12 nations (N = 1,480), we tested three models: (a) SIMCA (i.e., solidarity, anger, and efficacy), (b) a social dominance theory model of collective action (i.e., social dominance orientation and ideologies concerning Arab competence), and (c) an integrated model of sympathetic collective action combining both theories. Results find the greatest support for an integrated model of collective action. Discussion focuses on theoretical pluralism and suggestions for future research.

Published
2016

29. Voerselectie voor intensive recirculatie systemen

Author

Rutjes, G., Sweetman, J., Rutjes, G., and Sweetman, J.

Abstract

Geschikt voer speelt een belangrijke rol bij het verkrijgen van goede resultaten van viskweek in recirculatiesystemen. Dit artikel gaat in op de specifieke eisen die aan een dergelijk voer worden gesteld. Het artikel verscheen eerder in Fishfarming Expert, EAS special issue, 2016.

Published
2016

30. Erratum to Attitudes toward Arab ascendance: Israeli and global perspectives (Psychological Science, (2014), 25, (85-94)

Author

Pratto, F., Saguy, T., Stewart, A. L., Morsell, D., Foels, R., Aiello, Antonio, Aranda, M., Cidam, A., Chryssochoou, X., Durrheim, K., Eicher, V., Licata, L., Liu, J. H., Liu, L., Meyer, I., Muldoon, O., Papastamou, S., Petrovic, N., Prati, F., Prodomitis, G., and Sweetman, J.

Subjects
Social Dominance, social attitudes, Social Dominance, social attitudes, political psychology, political psychology
Published
2014

34. Arctic freshwater biodiversity monitoring plan

Author

Culp, J.M., Goedkoop, W., Lento, J., Christoffersen, Kirsten Seestern, Frenzel, S., Guðbergsson, G., Liljaniemi, P., Sandøy, S., Svoboda, M., Brittain, J., Hammar, J., Jacobsen, Dean, Jones, B., Juilet, C., Kahlert, M., Kidd, K., Luiker, E., Olafsson, J., Power, M., Rautio, M., Ritcey, A., Striegl, R., Svenning, M., Sweetman, J., and Whitman, M.

Published
2012

35. Biologie de reproduction chez Thaumatococcus Daniellii (benn.) Benth. et hook. (marantaceae) en Côte D’ivoire

Author

mangara, A, Gnagne, MY, Sweetman, B, and Sweetman, J

Abstract

Le processus de reproduction de Thaumatococcus daniellii a été étudié en vue d'une domestication à but économique. Ainsi, l'identification des animaux contribuant à la pollinisation a été réalisée à partir d'observations effectuées dans un dispositif expérimental réglementant l'accès différentiel des animaux aux parcelles. Une pollinisation manuelle suivie de l'analyse des fruits, par rapport à la teneur engraines, ont été effectuées. Les résultats ont révélé l'intervention d'agents extérieurs dans le processus de pollinisation, impliquant un phénomène d'allogamie chez cette plante. Ces agents extérieurs qui agissent en synergie sont Nectarinia olivacea (oiseau) et Aphis sp. (puceron). La prépondérance des fruits contenant une graine,l'échec élevé de l'autopollinisation et la prédominance d'une l'allopollinisation traduisent une incompatibilité génétique dans la régulation de la pollinisation des fleurs chez cette plante.

Published
2011

38. Characterization of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase and phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and their modulation by in vitro selenium exposure.

Author

University of Aberdeen, U.K., Pacitti D., Wang T., Page, Melissa, Martin, SA., Sweetman, J., Feldmann, J., Secombes, CJ., University of Aberdeen, U.K., Pacitti D., Wang T., Page, Melissa, Martin, SA., Sweetman, J., Feldmann, J., and Secombes, CJ.

Abstract

Selenium (Se) is an oligonutrient with both essential biological functions and recognized harmful effects. As the selenocysteine (SeCys) amino acid, selenium is integrated in several Se-containing proteins (selenoproteins), many of which are fundamental for cell homeostasis. Nevertheless, selenium may exert toxic effects at levels marginally above those required, mainly through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The selenium chemical speciation can strongly affect the bioavailability of this metal and its impact on metabolism, dictating the levels that can be beneficial or detrimental towards an organism. Glutathione peroxidase (GPxs) is the largest and the most studied selenoprotein family. Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGPx, GPx1) and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx, GPx4) are widely distributed throughout tissues, and play a pivotal role in regulating the oxidative status in the cell. In this study we have cloned GPx1 and GPx4 genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The constitutive mRNA expression of these GPx genes was examined in 18 trout tissues and their responsiveness to Se availability was analysed using a rainbow trout liver cell line (RTL). An inorganic (sodium selenite, Na2SeO3) and organic (selenocysteine, Cys-Se-Se-Cys) selenocompound have been used as Se sources. GPx1 activity was also tested to verify the impact of transcript changes on the enzymatic function of these molecules. To understand if the results obtained from the transcript expression analysis were due to Se bioavailability or generation of ROS, the cytoxicity of the two selenocompounds was tested by measuring the impact of Se on cell membrane integrity. Lastly, Se availability was quantified by mass spectrophotometry to determine the amount of Se in the cell culture media, the Se background due to the foetal calf serum supplement and the contribution from the two selenocompounds used in the treatments. Three isoforms of genes for both GPx

Published
2013

39. Social dominance in context and in individuals: contextual moderation of robust effects of social dominance orientation in 15 languages and 20 countries

Author

Pratto, F., Cidam, A., Stewart, E.L., Bou Zeinedinne, F., Aranda, M., Aiello, M., Chryssochoou, X., Cichocka, A., Cohrs, C., Durrheim, K., Eicher, V., Foels, R., Górska, P., Lee, I-C, Licata, L., Liu, L., Liu, J.H., Meyer, I., Morselli, D., Muldoon, O., Muluk, H., Petrovic, I., Petrovic, N., Prati, F., Papastamou, S., Prodromitis, G., Rubini, M., Saab, R., van Stekelenburg, J., Sweetman, J., Zheng, W., Henkel, K., Pratto, F., Cidam, A., Stewart, E.L., Bou Zeinedinne, F., Aranda, M., Aiello, M., Chryssochoou, X., Cichocka, A., Cohrs, C., Durrheim, K., Eicher, V., Foels, R., Górska, P., Lee, I-C, Licata, L., Liu, L., Liu, J.H., Meyer, I., Morselli, D., Muldoon, O., Muluk, H., Petrovic, I., Petrovic, N., Prati, F., Papastamou, S., Prodromitis, G., Rubini, M., Saab, R., van Stekelenburg, J., Sweetman, J., Zheng, W., and Henkel, K.

Abstract

We tested the internal reliability and predictive validity of a new 4-item Short Social Dominance Orientation (SSDO) scale among adults in 20 countries, using 15 languages (N = 2,130). Low scores indicate preferring group inclusion and equality to dominance. As expected, cross-nationally, the lower people were on SSDO, the more they endorsed more women in leadership positions, protecting minorities, and aid to the poor. Multilevel moderation models showed that each effect was stronger in nations where a relevant kind of group power differentiation was more salient. Distributions of SSDO were positively skewed, despite use of an extended response scale; results show rejecting group hierarchy is normative. The short scale is effective. Challenges regarding translations, use of short scales, and intersections between individual and collective levels in social dominance theory are discussed. © The Author(s) 2013.

Published
2013
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41. Combined effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides and total fish oil substitution by soybean oil on European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) juvenile diets.

Author

Torrecillas, S., Caballero, M.J., Montero, D., Sweetman, J., and Izquierdo, M.

Subjects
EUROPEAN seabass, FISH oil analysis, OLIGOSACCHARIDES, SOY oil, FISH growth
Abstract

This study evaluates the effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides ( MOS) on growth, tissue composition, fatty acid profiles and liver morphology of European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets containing either soybean oil ( SBO; SBOMOS) or fish oil ( FO; FOMOS) as unique oil source for 8 weeks. Results showed that MOS supplementation enhanced specific growth rate, regardless of the oil source used, and that dietary oil source reduced fish length, regardless of dietary MOS supplementation. Dietary MOS favoured lipid accumulation in muscle and anterior intestine when supplemented in FO-based diets compared to fish fed SBO diet and reduces it in liver in relation to lower hepatocyte area, particularly in fish fed SBOMOS diet. Dietary MOS favoured liver and not muscular ∑n-3 PUFA, DHA, EPA and ARA deposition, when combined with FO but not when included in SBO-based diets. Thus, MOS dietary supplementation favours fish performance and helps to minimize the side effects derived from high dietary SBO supplementation on liver lipid accumulation and hepatocyte vacuolization, which could be of especial interest on long-term feeding trials; however, the effects on favoured deposition ∑n-3 PUFA are limited to FO-based diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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