1. Impacts on greenhouse gas balance and rural economy after agroecology development in Itasy Madagascar
- Author
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Alain Albrecht, Mamonjiniaina Andriamirajo Ramarofidy, Tantely M. Razafimbelo, Sylvain Deffontaines, Tiphaine Chevallier, Cargele Masso, Adrien Lepage, Syndhia Mathé, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy, Narindra H. Rakotovao, Tsifera Henintsoa Rakotoniamonjy, Laboratoire des Radio-Isotopes (LRI), Université d'Antananarivo, Université d'Antananarivo, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LMI IESOL Intensification Ecologique des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de l’Ouest [Dakar] (IESOL), Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD [Sénégal]), Agrisud International [Madagascar], Agrisud International, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Cameroon), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture [Nigeria] (IITA), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), BNP Paribas through SoCa’s project 'Soil carbon for tropical subsistence farming'., Mahavotra project (2001–2016) 'Agroecology and forestry in Itasy Region, Madagascar', funded by the Agence Française de Développement (AFD), Aquitaine Region (France), and International Foundation for Science Grant N° I-1-D-5594-2
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Économie rurale ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Strategy and Management ,agroécologie ,02 engineering and technology ,Agroforesterie ,System of Rice Intensification ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Agricultural economics ,Sustainable agriculture ,Agriculture durable ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Environmental Science ,2. Zero hunger ,[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,05 social sciences ,1. No poverty ,Compost ,Profitability index ,Gaz à effet de serre ,System of rice intensification ,020209 energy ,12. Responsible consumption ,systèmes agroforestiers ,impacts socio-économiques ,Agroforestry ,Agroecology ,Productivity ,E10 - Économie et politique agricoles ,0505 law ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Impact sur l'environnement ,Emission Sink ,Analyse économique ,15. Life on land ,Carbon footprint ,Climate change mitigation ,13. Climate action ,Agriculture ,Greenhouse gas ,050501 criminology ,business - Abstract
International audience; Rural development projects to develop sustainable agriculture need to be assessed before engaging smallholder farmers at large scale. Data on agricultural systems to produce food, provide income for smallholders and reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Here, we assessed the potential of agroecological practices (AP) on economic benefits to farmers, GHG balance derived from agricultural activities, and efficiency of economic investments to mitigate GHG. The study was based on a NGO rural development project, which promoted AP: agroforestry, compost, and System of Rice Intensification. The economic and GHG mitigation benefits were projected over a period of 20 years on three scenarios. Two scenarios, differing by two expected levels of AP adoption, were compared to a reference one, in which there was no NGO intervention. Socio-economic, yield and soil data were gathered on 192 farms during five growing seasons (2013–2018). The GHG balance was estimated with TropiC Farm Tool and EX-ACT. The GHG emissions were reduced in both scenarios compared to the reference one: −5.2 to −13.6 tCO2eq farm−1 yr−1 for scenario 1 and 2 respectively. At the regional scale, the projected amount of C saved per euro invested was estimated at −0.25 tCO2eq euro−1 and -0.41 tCO2eq Euro−1 (or € 4 to 2.5 tCO2eq−1) under scenario 1 and scenario 2. The annual cash flow of farmers increased over the 20 years. Our study highlighted the potential of AP for increasing productivity and profitability of smallholder agricultural systems for the Malagasy farmers, while simultaneously contributing to climate change mitigation.
- Published
- 2021
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