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To evaluate medium/long term outcomes and patient satisfaction through relief of symptoms and improved quality of life (QoL) after Jones tube conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (JT-CDCR) using the Naso Lacrimal Duct Obstruction symptom-score (NLDO-SS).We conducted a retrospective, non-comparative, multicentric study including patients with complete obstruction of the superior and inferior proximal lacrimal drainage system. All patients underwent JT-CDCR, and the patency of the tube was evaluated with saline irrigation and endoscopic examination. We assessed patient satisfaction and quality of life administering the NLDO-SS.We enrolled 16 patients, for a total of 21 eyes operated. The success rate for procedures was 81%. The success rate for single parameters was globally 95.9%; if considered separately, ocular symptoms and nasal symptoms were respectively 94.3% and 100%.JT-CDCR was a reliable procedure, able to solve symptoms in a majority of patients and guaranteed a good quality of life over a long period of time.L’applicazione di un questionario sui sintomi dopo congiuntivodacriocistorinostomia: risultati.Valutare gli esiti a lungo termine e la soddisfazione del paziente, attraverso la risoluzione della sintomatologia e il miglioramento della qualità della vita (QoL) dopo intervento di congiuntivodacriocistorinostomua e posizionamento di Tubo di Jones CDCR-JT, mediante l’utilizzo del questionario “Naso Lacrimal Duct Obstruction Symptoms-Score (NLDO-SS)”.Abbiamo condotto uno studio retrospettivo, non comparativo, multicentrico, includendo pazienti con ostruzione completa della lacrimale prossimale superiore e inferiore. Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti a JT-CDCR, la pervietà del tubo di Jones è stata valutata con irrigazione di soluzione fisiologia ed endoscopia trans-nasale. A ciascun paziente è stato poi somministrato il questionario NLDO-SS.Abbiamo arruolato 16 pazienti, per un totale di 21 occhi operati. Il tasso di successo delle procedure è stato dell’81%. Il tasso di successo per i singoli parametri è stato globalmente del 95,9%; se considerati separatamente, i sintomi oculari e quelli nasali erano rispettivamente del 94,3% e del 100%.L’intervento di JT-CDCR ha dimostrato di essere in grado di risolvere i sintomi nella maggior parte dei pazienti e di garantire una buona qualità di vita per un lungo periodo di tempo.

Compromised lung function is a common feature of COPD patients, but certain factors increase the rate of lung function decline in COPD patients. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of different clinically important factors responsible for rapid deterioration of lung function quantified as ≥ 60 ml decline in FEV1 over a period of one year. COPD patients recruited from the chest clinic of Penang hospital were followed-up for one year from August 2018 to August 2019. Rapid deterioration of lung function was defined as greater than 60 ml/year decline in force expiratory volume in one second. Among 367 included patients 73.84% were male, with mean age 65.26 (9.6) years and % predicted FEV1 51.07 (11.84). 30.27% patients showed mean decline of ≥ 60 ml in FEV1. The regression analysis showed that current smoking relative risk (RR) = 2.38 (1.78–3.07), p p p p p p p p p p

Introduction The presence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) might be linked with elevated cardiovascular risk. There is a lack of data showing the prevalence of LUTS in the population of patients with cardiovascular diseases. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of LUTS in patients hospitalized due to a cardiovascular disease. Material and methods Patients hospitalized in a tertiary cardiology department due to a primary diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (including coronary artery disease, heart failure and arrhythmia) were included in the study. All patients were screened for LUTS and assessed using the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS). Results From 166 patients (age 62.8 ±12.1 years), moderate to severe LUTS was diagnosed in 62 patients (37.3%). Patients with LUTS were significantly older, but there were no other factors associated with LUTS. When we divided patients according to LUTS severity, we saw an increasing prevalence of arterial hypertension (69.5% vs 72.9% vs 100%), diabetes mellitus (29.5% vs 33.3% vs 38.5%), coronary artery disease (68.6% vs 72.9% vs 92.3%), but the observations were not statistically significant. Patients with coronary artery disease had significantly higher severity of LUTS compared to patients with arrhythmia or heart failure (mean IPSS 8.88 vs 5.6 vs 5.5, p = 0.004). Conclusions The prevalence of LUTS in patients with cardiovascular diseases is high, affecting 37.3% of the studied population. Patients with coronary artery disease have significantly higher severity of LUTS compared to other cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of tacrolimus 0.03% ointment to olopatadine 0.2% eye drops in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Eye Department Combined Military Hospital Quetta, from Feb to Jul 2019. Methodology: A total of 69 patients with active vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) were included in this study.Thirty six (52.17%) patients were randomized in tacrolimus group and 33 (47.83%) in olopatadine group B.Baseline values of the subjective symptom score (SSS) and the objective sign score (OSS) were noted. Patientswere reviewed on weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 and the scores at each visit were summed. These scores were used forcomparison between groups. Results: At the start of the study, the mean subjective symptoms score and objective sign score of group A was 9.0 ± 2.04 and 3.93 ± 1.93 respectively, while that of group B was 8.88 ± 2.18 and 4.36 ± 1.90 respectively. At the end of 12-weeks, the mean subjective symptoms score and objective sign score of group A reduced to 0.11 ± 0.32 and 0.08 ± 0.28 respectively, while that of group B reduced to 1.70 ± 0.77 and 0.64 ± 0.55 respectively. Total improvement of scores (as a percentage of baselines) among tacrolimus group was 98.3% and olopatadine group was 83%. Conclusion: Although both 0.03% tacrolimus and 0.2% olopatadine were effective in improving the signs andsymptoms of VKC, 0.03% tacrolimus was significantly superior.

Background The aim of the study is to find the correlation between the prostate volume and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as measured by international prostate symptoms score and maximum urine flow rate among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The study was a prospective correlational study conducted between June 2016 and November 2017. A total of 290 patients who presented with LUTS suggestive of BPH and satisfied the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited. Clinical evaluation including digital rectal examination of the prostate was done. Symptoms severity was assessed using the self-administered international prostate symptoms score (IPSS) questionnaire. Prostate volume was determined by transrectal ultrasound scan, and the urine flow rate was measured using uroflowmeter. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and p value Results The mean age of the patients was 64.22 ± 9.04 years with a range of 40 to 95 years. Most of the patients had moderate symptoms (55%) on IPSS with the mean IPSS value of 16.41 ± 7.43. The mean Qmax value was 16.55 ± 7.41 ml/s, and the median prostate volume (IQR) was 45.05 (35, 59). There was a positive significant correlation between prostate volume and IPSS (r = 0.179, p = 0.002) and a negative significant correlation between prostate volume and Qmax (r = − 0.176, p = 0.003). Conclusion This study showed a significant correlation between the prostate volume and IPSS, and also between prostate volume and maximum flow rate (Qmax).

Nasya is the panchakarma to eliminate morbid doshas in head and neck. Vagbhatacharya opines that except for Vatika clinical conditions Nasya should be done for 7a days but as ekahanthara (alternate) that is with a gap of one day in between. As no previous studies were available on the efficacy and safety of ekahantara nasya, a comparative clinical study was conducted with anutaila in chronic sinusitis. 20 participants were divided by convenience sampling into group A (pratidina nasya) and group B (ekahantara nasya). The assessment was done by Scoring of symptoms, Haematological evaluation, Rhino sinusitis disability index, Event evaluation scale and Nasya samyak lakshana. Significant reduction in symptoms score was seen in both group A (psamyak yoga score was 82% in group A while in group B it was 95%. Asmyak yoga score in group A was 18% and 5% in group B and the difference was statistically significant (pekahantara practice of nasya with Anutaila was more safe and effective compared to pratidina practice of nasya in chronic sinusitis. Keywords: Ekahantara nasya, Pratidina nasya, Chronic sinusitis, Anutaila

OBJECTIVE To determine whether (1) initial baseline scores are significantly better for those who have valid (initial valid) versus invalid scores (initial invalid) on their concussion baseline testing, (2) retesting results in significantly improved baseline scores, and (3) there is a significant difference in scores between those who have valid scores on their initial attempt and those who retook baseline tests (retest valid). DESIGN Prospective, repeated-measures. SETTING Two years of collegiate preparticipation concussion baseline testing. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred forty-seven male and female Division I collegiate athletes (19.02 ± 1.31 years, female = 217). INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Participants were divided into initial valid and initial invalid. The retest group was further divided into their initial (initial invalid) and final valid attempt (retest valid). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data were analyzed to determine the relationship between the 3 groups and overall initial and final scores on 28 individual items: total symptoms score, coordination, near-point convergence, CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS), Senaptec Sensory Station, and Neurocom Sensory Organization Test (SOT). RESULTS The initial valid group scored significantly better than the initial invalid group on 8 CNSVS items and 5 Senaptec items (P < 0.002). The retest valid scores were significantly better compared with the initial invalid scores on 17 items (P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Retesting is recommended for individuals who score below acceptable ranges. This is important because athletes may experience a learning effect and are highly motivated during postinjury testing, so accurate baseline scores are imperative for athlete safety. Completion time for the coordination test may be a more informative option.

We established severity banding ranges, bother assessment and key item content in principal patient reported outcomes measures in men seeking therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms.Data for International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-MLUTS) were derived from a study evaluating 820 men at 26 United Kingdom hospitals. ROC curves were used to establish severity bandings.Classification tree showed that thresholds between mild-moderate and moderate-severe severity bands were 15 and 27 for I-PSS, 16 and 26 for ICIQ-MLUTS/severity, and 22 and 81 for ICIQ-MLUTS/bother, respectively. Highest area under the ROC curve and lowest Akaike's information criteria of univariate logistic regression indicated that ICIQ-MLUTS/bother was more related to global quality of life than were I-PSS and ICIQ-MLUTS/severity. The symptoms affecting I-PSS-quality of life (QoL) were only fully identified by ICIQ-MLUTS, because 2 key symptoms (urinary incontinence and post-micturition dribble) are not measured by I-PSS. ICIQ-MLUTS demonstrated that bother of some lower urinary tract symptoms is disproportionate to severity, and that persisting high bother levels following surgery are more likely due to storage (18% to 25%) and post-voiding (18% to 28%) lower urinary tract symptoms than voiding lower urinary tract symptoms (5% to 13%). Symptom improvement after surgery was uncertain if baseline I-PSS-QoL score was less than 3.The severity threshold scores were measured for the 2 key lower urinary tract symptoms patient reported outcomes measures, and the results indicate suitable categories of symptom severity for use in men referred for urological care. The ICIQ-MLUTS measures all the lower urinary tract symptoms affecting quality of life and includes individual symptom bother scores.

Reinforced prosthetic crural repair is particularly indicated for giant hiatal hernias. The rationale is to reduce the recurrence rate in the long term. The aim of our study is to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic giant hiatal hernia repair using a biosynthetic mesh. We retrospectively analyzed 44 patients who underwent laparoscopic mesh-reinforced hiatal closure and fundoplication using a biosynthetic material. Inclusion criterion was large hiatal defects (> 5 cm). Follow-up was scheduled at 6, 12 and 36 months after surgery. 44 patients (29F) with a mean age of 62 years (range 14–85) and mean of BMI 24.5 kg/m2 (range 21–29) underwent successful laparoscopic repair. Twenty-six (59.1%) patients had Nissen–Rossetti fundoplication, whereas 18 (40.9%) had Toupet fundoplication. Six-month questionnaire for the evaluation of symptoms was available for 43 patients (97.7%) and for 40 (90.9%) patients at 12 and 36 months. Mean preoperative symptoms score analysis was 1.68 ± 0.73. Mean scores at each follow-up time were significantly improved compared to baseline (p > 0.05). Barium swallow was available in 37 patients (84.1%) at 1 year after surgery. Radiologic recurrence was observed in two patients (4.5%). No patient had symptoms attributable to recurrence or required revisional surgery. There were no mesh-related complications at 3 years follow-up. The use of biosynthetic mesh for crural reinforcement is associated with a low incidence of mesh-related complications and with a reasonably low recurrence rate (4.5%) at 36 months. However, additional data with longer follow-up are needed to determine long-term safety and efficacy.

Pegvaliase is approved to reduce phenylalanine (Phe) levels for people with phenylketonuria (PKU). PRISM-1 (NCT01819727) and PRISM-2 (NCT01889862) data were analyzed to evaluate the relationship between Phe and inattention in adult participants with PKU. In the modified-intent-to-treat population (N = 156), baseline mean (SE) plasma Phe was 1263 (29) μmol/L and the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-IV Inattentive (IA) symptoms score was 9.8 (0.5). Mean (SE) IA scores fell 9.0 (1.1) in Quartile 1 (Phe reduction between 1166 and 2229 μmol/L) versus 4.3 (0.7) in Quartile 4 (Phe reduction of 139 μmol/L to increase of 934 μmol/L), p = 0.004. Least squares mean (SE) change from baseline IA score was -7.9 (0.7) for participants with final Phe ≤ 360 μmol/L and -4.5 (0.7) for final Phe > 360 μmol/L, p < 0.001. In the inattention subgroup, IA scores fell 13.3 (1.5) in Quartile 1 (Phe reduction between 1288 and 2229 μmol/L) versus 6.2 (1.3) in Quartile 4 (Phe reduction of 247 to increase of 934 μmol/L), p = 0.009. Inattention symptoms improved among those whose Phe levels decreased, particularly those with high baseline IA scores. IA improvements were larger among participants with the greatest plasma Phe reductions, supporting this value as a therapeutic goal.

The International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) is an important tool for evaluation and research in benign prostatic hyperplasia related lower urinary tract symptoms in men. It has also been validated in many languages. This article discusses issues observed in the symptoms domains, as well as issues related to the intensity of the numeracy in the scoring parameters. The objectives of this article are to analyse what could be improved on the IPSS questionnaire and to discuss a proposal for amendments. Such amendments include putting nocturia as the first question, modifying other questions, allowing maximum subjectivity for the patient, modifying the scoring system to reduce intense numeracy for the patient and adding a new section on fluid intake and medication. This would hopefully simplify the questionnaire for patients, improve its quality as well as improve communication between patients, family physicians and urologists. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of 0.03% dermatological tacrolimus ointment in patients with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis Study Design: Quasi-experimental study Study Place and Duration: Eye Department, DHQ-Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan from April 2018 to March 2019 Material and Methods: After approval from hospital ethical committee and obtaining written informed consent from each patient/guardian, patients of either gender between 4-16 years of age with VKC not responding to conventional treatment for more than 8 weeks or having steroid-induced complications were included in this study. Dermatological tacrolimus ointment 0.03% started to be placed in inferior fornix in BD frequency along with topical lubricants. Patients were followed up on a regular schedule. Individual symptoms score was assessed from the questionnaire and signs score from observer’s clinical assessment. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23.0. P-value

Background: Comfortable working at near and intermediate tasks depend on the efficiency as well as coordination of accommodation and vergence systems. At present, the need for near and intermediate visual tasks has been dramatically increased, requiring prolonged computer- and gazette-related works. It demands excessive working of the extraocular and ciliary muscles. It may cause eye fatigue and other associated asthenopic symptoms. Globally, eye fatigue is one of the most commonly reported conditions in nonpresbyopic population with asthenopic symptoms. It is necessary to get relief from eye fatigue for better near and intermediate tasks. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two undergraduate optometry students who were symptomatic based on a validated eye fatigue questionnaire were included after a baseline comprehensive eye examination. Based on the eye fatigue symptoms score, they were equally assigned to a control group and an exercise group with sixteen participants in each. The exercise group performed yoga ocular exercises for up to 6 weeks after which the eye fatigue symptoms were reassessed in both groups. Results: In the exercise group, there was a statistically significant reduction in eye fatigue scores (P = 0.003), whereas the eye fatigue scores showed significant increment in the control group after 6 weeks (P = 0.044). Conclusions: Yoga ocular exercises reduce the eye fatigue symptoms score by increasing the efficiency of extraocular muscles. Hence, it could be considered as a therapeutic and nonpharmacologic intervention for reducing the eye fatigue and associated asthenopic symptoms.

Objective : This study looked at the incidence of overactive bladder (OAB) in KIA poly patients at Pauh Health Center in Padang City using Overactive Bladder Symptomps Score (OABSS). Method : This research is descriptive. The sampling technique was purposive sampling by considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were women of ideal reproductive age (20-35 years) who had given birth spontaneously, were not pregnant, did not suffer from neurological disorders, diabetes, post bladder surgery and or urinary tract infections and were not treated with Overactive Bladder (OAB), while the exclusion criteria are not willing to take part in the study. The study was carried out at the KIA Poly of Pauh City Health Center in Padang during January 2019. The variable in this study was Overactive Bladder (OAB). Result : In this study, 97.22% of respondents experienced complaints of overactive bladder (OAB), (97.14%) experienced an urgent complaint, and only a small percentage (2.86%) of respondents experienced urinary incontinence. The results of this study indicate that respondents who did not experience complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) were respondents with the smallest parity (parity 1). Conclusion : Most respondents experienced complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) and urgency, and only a small proportion of respondents experienced urinary incontinence. The results of this study indicate that respondents who did not experience complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) were respondents with the smallest parity (parity 1). Keywords: overactive bladder (OAB), Urgensi,inkontinensia urin, Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS)

Infantile colic is a common benign disease occurring in early infancy that may have a great impact on family life. In the present study, the effectiveness and safety of the complex homeopathic medicine Enterokind was compared with Simethicone for treating infantile colic.Current data were drawn from a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial that was conducted in 2009 in 3 Russian outpatient clinics. Children received either Enterokind (Chamomilla D6, Cina D6, Colocynthis D6, Lac defloratum D6 and Magnesium chloratum D6) or Simethicone. Data from infants ≤ 6 months with infantile colic are presented here.The main outcomes assessments were the change of total complaints score (maximum 17 points) and total objective symptoms score (maximum 22 points) after 10 days of treatment.Data from 125 infants ≤ 6 months with infantile colic were analyzed. The differences in total complaints and objective symptoms scores between baseline and day 10, estimated from the ANCOVA model, were found to be highly significant (p 0.0001; ITT) in favor of Enterokind, both for complaints (Δ=-2.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): [-2.87; -1.89]) and for objective symptoms (Δ=-2.07; 95% CI: [-2.65; -1.49]). 1 adverse event (AE), vomiting, occurred under Enterokind and was rated to be unlikely related to it; 4 AEs occurred under Simethicone. All AEs were non-serious.The current study indicates that Enterokind is an effective and safe homeopathic treatment for functional intestinal colic in infants ≤ 6 months.

Objective: To validate an Arabic version of the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) questionnaire. Patients and methods: In all, 301 patients were evaluated using the Arabic-translated OABSS. They were divided into four groups: 112 patients with OAB symptoms, 115 healthy individuals with no OAB symptoms, 38 with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) associated with storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and 36 with BOO without storage LUTS. The reliability of the Arabic version was evaluated for internal consistency using Cronbach’s α test. Interdomain associations were examined using Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r). The discrimination validity was evaluated using the Mann–Whitney test. Results: Higher internal consistency was found for all OABSS domains in the OAB and BOO groups. There were strong correlations between all domains in the OAB group (P

Ali Abusharha, Ali Alsaqar, Raied Fagehi, Mohammad Alobaid, Ali Almayouf, Sulaiman Alajlan, Mossab Omair, Essa Alahmad, Ali Masmali Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ali AbusharhaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi ArabiaEmail aabusharha@ksu.edu.saPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to determine the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on tear osmolarity using a TearLab Osmolarity system. Moreover, the relationship between tear film osmolarity and ocular surface discomfort in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients was assessed.Materials and Methods: This study included 20 male type 2 diabetic patients aged 20 to 70 years (mean ± SD 49± 12). A control group (18– 43 years; 32.2 ± 6.5 years) consisting of 40 male subjects was also enrolled for comparison. The tear osmolarity was measured using the TearLab Osmolarity System. The ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI) was used to assess ocular discomfort symptoms.Results: The mean tear osmolarity was 297 ± 8.00 and 296 ± 11 mOsm/L for controlled and uncontrolled diabetic subjects, respectively, while the average osmolarity in the control group was 299 ± 8.00 mOsm/L. No significant differences were detected in tear osmolarity between the control and diabetes groups. The ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI) score was significantly higher in the diabetic patient group. No significant correlation was found between tear osmolarity and OSDI scores.Conclusion: The ocular discomfort symptoms score in diabetic patients was significantly higher compared to normal eye subjects. Tear osmolarity was not significantly different in diabetic patients. This finding may be explained by a lack of relationship between tear film parameters and diabetic severity; tear film parameters may correlate more with diabetic duration rather than severity. Therefore, studies focused on diabetes duration and tear film parameters are recommended.Keywords: diabetes, dry eye, tear film osmolarity

To examine the Manukau Salivary Symptom Score (MSSS) questionnaire as a validated tool to assess obstructive sialadenitis-specific symptoms to both indicate disease severity and assess the outcome after sialendoscopic procedures.A prospective observational study was performed from 2010 to 2019 comprising 164 patients undergoing sialendoscopy for nonneoplastic chronic obstructive salivary gland disease (COSGD).Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the Manukau Surgical Centre, Auckland, New Zealand, between June 2010 and September 2019.A prospective observational study was performed from 2010 to 2019 comprising 164 patients undergoing sialendoscopy for nonneoplastic COSGD. Patients completed the MSSS preoperatively and at postoperative follow-up. Statistical tests were used to compare pre- and postoperative answers. Cronbach's α was used to measure internal consistency. Finally, construct validity was determined by comparing the 5-question MSSS questionnaire to the preexisting 20-question Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire.Postoperatively, patients had significant improvements in pain, eating, talking, swelling, and quality of life (The MSSS questionnaire is a simple, validated questionnaire that is useful for assessing the impact of sialendoscopy in patients with COSGD.

Objective: To establish normative reference values for the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5th Edition (SCAT5) for the new National Rugby League Women's Premiership.Methods: Preseason SCAT5 baseline testing was administered individually to all National Rugby League Women's Premiership players (N = 117). Testing was completed by the medical staff. Normative reference values were calculated for the components of the SCAT5, including the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, modified Balance Error Scoring System, and the Symptom Scale. A small case series of players who sustained concussions were included to illustrate the use of the new normative data.Results: The median Standardized Assessment of Concussion total score was 27.0 (M = 26.9, SD = 2.1). The median modified Balance Error Scoring System score was 2.0 (M = 2.4, SD = 2.2). The median number of symptoms score was 1.0 (M = 3.2, SD = 4.7) and the median symptom severity score was 2.0 (M = 5.4, SD = 8.2). The most common baseline symptom was fatigue or low energy (33%), followed by trouble sleeping (24%), headache (23%), neck pain (22%), and difficulty remembering (21%). In the total sample, 41% reported no symptoms. The clinical interpretation of these new normative data to a case series of women with concussions is provided.Conclusions: Normative reference values are provided for the SCAT5 for women who are professional rugby league players. Using these normative data will improve clinical interpretation of SCAT5 scores following a concussion.

Objective: To value the correlation of Prostate Volume with Uroflowmetry and IPSS on patients with BPHwithout urinary retention that would be conducted at Dr. Soetomo 2015-2017. Method: This research usedretrospective descriptive study using secondary data from medical records to determine the relationshipbetween Prostate Volume (PV) and Uroflowmetry and the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS)of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) patients without urinary retention. Uroflowmetry basic parametersis Qmax, Vvoid, and PVR. The sampling technique used the total sampling method that used all existingdata in a certain period. Result: 86 medical records of BPH patients, the age range 45-64 years: 52 patients(60.46%), and the age range> 65 years: 34 patients (39.54%). PV statistical test with Qmax (r = 0.012;p = 0.913), the correlation was not significant. PV with Vvoid (r = 0.112; p = 0.305), the correlation wasnot significant. PV with PVR (r = -0.015; p = 0.892), the correlation was not significant. PV with IPSS (r= 0.048; p = 0.660), the correlation was not significant. Conclusion: There is no correlation on ProstateVolume with Uroflowmetry and IPSS on patient with BPH without urinary retention.

Background Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is a potential treatment option for allergic rhinitis (AR). We aimed to determine the efficacy (primary outcomes) and safety (secondary outcomes) of ILIT in treating patients with AR. Methods An electronic literature search was performed using MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL (from their inception to December 2020). A random‐effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019126271). Results We retrieved a total of 285 articles, of which 11 satisfied our inclusion criteria. There were 452 participants with age ranged from 15 to 58 years old. Intralymphatic immunotherapy was given in three doses with intervals of four weeks between doses in 10 trials. One trial gave three and six doses with an interval of two weeks. Both primary and secondary outcomes showed no difference between ILIT and placebo for all trials. There was no difference in the combined symptoms and medication score (SMD ‐0.51, 95% CI −1.31 to 0.28), symptoms score (SMD −0.27, 95% CI −0.91 to 0.38), medication score (SMD −6.56, 95% CI −21.48 to 8.37), rescue medication (RR 12.32, 95% CI 0.72–211.79) and the overall improvement score (MD −0.07, 95% CI −2.28 to 2.14) between ILIT and placebo. No major adverse events noted. Conclusions Intralymphatic immunotherapy possibly has a role in the treatment of AR patients. This review found it is safe but not effective, which could be contributed by the high variation amongst the trials. Future trials should involve larger numbers of participants and report standardized administration of ILIT and outcome measures.

Background Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease; causing various ocular symptoms with potential damage to the ocular surface. Applying hypotensive eye drops are presumed to initiate or exacerbate existing dry eye disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of signs and symptoms and severity of dry eye disease among glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications and controls. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study, involving 320 glaucoma patients and controls. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) symptoms score and Schirmer, tear breakup time and corneal staining tests were used to assess dry eye disease. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software; p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Among the 160 study glaucoma patients, the mean duration of topical hypotensive medication use was 5.2 ± 5.21 years (range, 4 months - 32 years). Mild to severe level of OSDI score was found in 122 (76%) glaucoma patients and in 137 (86%) controls (p = 0.033). Mild to sever abnormal clinical tests in the glaucoma patients and control, respectively, were 106 (66%) vs 80 (50%) corneal staining (p = 0.045), 79 (49%) vs 72 (45%) TBUT (p = 0.021), and 91 (57%) vs 83 (52%) Schirmer test (p = 0.242). Test results at the level of sever: 2 (1%) vs 0 (0%) corneal staining, 50 (31%) vs 39 (24%) TBUT and 65 (41%) vs 60 (38%) Schirmer test in the glaucoma patents and controls, respectively. Corneal staining and TBUT had correlation with the number of drugs (p = 0.004 and 0.031, respectively), and more relationship of the two tests with total number of drops applied per day (p = 0.01 and p p = 0.011 and p p = 0.04 and 0.012), respectively]. Conclusions The study has identified glaucoma patients to be more affected by dry eye disease than non-glaucoma patients, and presence of significantly lower TBUT and higher corneal staining in the glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose per day. We recommend consideration of evaluation and management of DED for glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose hypotensive medications.

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, including Japan. However, little is known about the clinical symptoms which discriminate between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 among outpatients in general practitioner clinics, which is important for efficient case detection. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical symptoms to discriminate between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases among outpatients in general practitioner clinics during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan in August 2020. Methods: The records of 360 patients who visited a clinic with suspicion of infectious disease and underwent COVID-19 PCR test between 1 and 14 August 2020 were used. The patients filled out a questionnaire on possible clinical symptoms and transmission routes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between clinical symptoms and COVID-19 status. Results: COVID-19-positive patients were 17 (4.7%). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that anosmia (odds ratio (OR), 25.94 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.15–94.14, p &lt, 0.001), headache (OR, 3.31 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–11.20, p = 0.054), sputum production (OR, 3.32 CI, 1.01–10.90, p = 0.048) and history of visiting an izakaya or bar (OR, 4.23 CI, 0.99–18.03, p = 0.051) were marginally significantly associated withbeing COVID-19 positive. This model showed moderate predictive power (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.870 CI, 0.761 to 0.971). Conclusions: We found that anosmia, headache, sputum production, history of visiting an izakaya or bar were associated with COVID-19, which can be used to detect patients with COVID-19 in out-patient clinics in Japan. The findings of this study need to be verified in other clinics and hospitals in Japan and other countries with universal healthcare coverages.

We aimed to investigate clinical features potentially useful in primary bladder neck obstruction (PBNO) diagnosis in men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Data from 1229 men presenting for LUTS as their primary complaint at a single centre were retrospectively analysed. All patients underwent a comprehensive medical and physical assessment, and completed the International Prostate Symptoms Score. All patients were investigated with uroflowmetry, and trans-rectal ultrasound imaging to define prostate volume. Urodynamic evaluation was performed when the diagnosis of benign prostatic enlargement was not confirmed and the patient presented a significant chance of detrusor overactivity or underactivity. As per our internal protocol, patients 60 years with a prostate volume (PV) p p p = 0.004) and lower PSA values (p p = 0.01) and lower PV values (p p = 0.003) and higher IPSS scores (OR 1.12; p = 0.01) were more likely to be associated with this subset of patients, after accounting for other clinical variables. One out of ten young/middle-aged men presenting for LUTS may be affected from PBNO. Younger patients with more severe LUTS systematically deserve an extensive assessment to rule out PBNO, thus including urethrocystoscopy and urodynamics with voiding-cysto-urethrogram.

The effect of mental and physical health on the feelings of subject welfare is known as health-related quality of life. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common respiratory diseases. Assessment of health-related quality of life is considered important in such chronic disease. The objective of the current study was to measure health-related quality of life in a sample of chronic obstructive pulmonary patients in AL- Diwanyia city/Iraq. This study was carried out on 150 already diagnosed COPD patients who attended to the Center of Respiratory Diseases/AL-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital during September 2019 to January 2020. The Arabic version of St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire was used to assess the health-related quality of life. The mean symptoms score was 48.65 ±7.17, the mean activity score was 62.39 ±5.81, the mean impact score was 42.83 ±7.90 and the total score 49.58 ±4.82. Symptom score is predicted by disease duration (negatively) and hospital admission (positively), activity score and impact score cannot be predicted by any of independent variables and total score is predicted by forced expiratory volume in the first second (negatively) and hospital admission (positively).

Objective Research into cognitive performance during a hangover has produced equivocal findings. This study investigated the reliability of inducing hangover symptoms and effects on cognitive performance (including applied tasks) under standardised conditions. Method Twenty-one participants (13 M; 24 ± 3 years) completed two identical trials, involving alcohol consumption and an overnight laboratory stay. Outcome measures included: hangover severity (a single-item 'Hangover' rating, and a sum of hangover symptoms [Overall Symptoms Score (OSS)]), cognitive function (trail making test), simulated driving (standard deviation of lateral position; lane crossings), and typing performance. Spearman's correlations were used to assess reliability between trials for all participants, and when ratings of 'Hangover' were consistent. Results Participants demonstrated reliable 'Hangover' rating change from baseline (Trial A: 2.0 [2.0]; Trial B: 2.0 [2.0], rho = 0.680, p = 0.001), but not for OSS (Trial A: 8.0 [12.0]; Trial B: 5.0 [9.0], rho = 0.309, p = 0.173). Performance in cognitive/applied tasks (range rho = 0.447-0771) was consistent, except simulated driving (range rho = 0.035-0.272), however the impairment was trivial. The subgroup analysis did not reveal substantial changes in reliability. Conclusion A single 'Hangover' rating was a reliable way of determining 'mild' to 'moderate' hangover severity. The present data could be used to assist the methodological design of future hangover research.

Background: The herbal medicine combination (HMC) containing 2% Asiaticoside and 1% Acemannan, in a Beeswax encapsulation of 2% Acetylsalicylic acid base, was developed as a topical treatment option for mild-to-moderate chronic venous disease (CVD). For control (C), Beeswax encapsulation of 2% Acetylsalicylic acid base was used. Methods: A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial comparing HMC with C was investigated among 42 CVD patients; 21 patients was allocated to receive either HMC or C, for a continuous 12-week treatment. To assess the efficacy, the following were employed: (i) Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), (ii) Patients Self-Rating Symptoms Score (PSSS), and (iii) Short-form health-related quality of life score based on a Medical Outcomes Study 14-item Chronic Venous Disease (MOS CIVIQ14). The short-term safety was assessed by the patients' self-reported adverse events. The primary endpoint was a responder rate defined by a 50% reduction of the VCSS from baseline after 4 weeks of treatment. The secondary endpoints were assessed by improvement of overall disability after employing VCSS, PSSS, and MOS CIVIQ14, accordingly. Results: CVD Thai patients (N=42), regardless of clinical severity of CEAP class (CEAP1/CEAP2)or co-morbidity, responded 57.14% to HMC (N=21) as compared with 9.52% to C (N=21) the responder rate was significantly dependent on intervention (p=0.003 and p=0.003, respectively). HMC reduced VCSS markedly better than C, over the 4 weeks: 11.9048 (6.4908) vs. 22.4702 (7.9438), p

Aim: To evaluate tolerability and efficacy of Parietaria judaica subcutaneous immunotherapy on patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Patients & methods: 51 patients were assigned to build-up scheme (six increasing doses) of P. judaica depot native extract, plus three maintenance monthly administrations. Results: Out of 470 administered doses, only 3.8% elicited systemic reactions (1.5% nonspecific and 2.3% grade I). Concerning the exploratory efficacy parameters: cutaneous reactivity at the final visit versus baseline was significantly decreased; specific titers of IgG and IgG4 increased significantly and patients showed a significant decrease in the rhinitis symptoms score. Conclusion: P. judaica subcutaneous immunotherapy (Allergovac® depot ROXALL Medicina España S.A., Zamudio, Spain) with an abbreviated up-dosing scheme showed an adequate safety and tolerability profile and induced preliminary efficacy changes.

Female sexual function is Avery important and often neglected area of research. Therefore, the purpose og this study was to assess the relationship between overactive bladder syndrome and female sexual function. The study was conducted at Urological Outpatient clinic and Obstetrics and Gynecological clinic at Benha University Hospital. The design of this study was a descriptive research design. A purposive sample included 70 sexually active women diagnosed with overactive bladder syndrome were recruited in the study. Three instruments were utilized for data collection, interviewing questionnaire sheet, Female sexual function Index (FSFI) and Overactive Bladder Symptoms score (OABSS). The results of the study showed that there was highly statistical significant correlation between overactive bladder syndrome and female sexual function. Conclusion: highly statistical significant correlation was found between overactive bladder syndrome and female sexual function at 5% level of statisical significance. Therefore, it was recommended that this syudy should be conducted on alarge number of sample.

Background To investigate the relationship between time elapsed since completion of radiotherapy (RT) and quality of life (QOL) of patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 300 patients with breast cancer were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2013 and April 2016. Of these, 212 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on the time elapsed since completion of RT. The generic cancer questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-30, and the breast cancer-specific questionnaire, QLQ-BR23, were used to assess the QOL. Results Analysis of time elapsed since completion of RT and QOL revealed changes in the scores for role function with passage of time; the third year’s scores were the highest. Pain symptoms during the 3rd and 4th years after RT were lower than those during the 1st and 2nd years after RT; scores for financial difficulties fluctuated with passage of time; perception of own body scores improved within first 3 years; sexual activity and enjoyment of sexual activity showed a significant decrease during the 2nd to 4th year post RT. Scores pertaining to concerns about future state of health showed a significant increase during the 2nd to 4th year after RT, while breast symptoms score showed fluctuations with passage of time. Conclusions Social function, pain symptoms, and concerns about future state of health tended to improve with passage of time after RT. Other scales showed no correlation with time elapsed since completion of RT.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic properties of 3 different scoring systems (Dysfunctional Voiding Symptom Score [DVSS], Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptoms Score [DVISS], Incontinence Symptom Index-Pediatric [ISI-P, for children older than 11 years]) that are used to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms in pediatric population. Materials and Methods Eighty-four participants were evaluated by detailed history, physical examination, 3 different scoring systems (DVSS, DVISS, ISI-P), ultrasonography, and uroflowmetry. Depending on the tests, cases were stratified as healthy or lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) by 2 urologists who were blinded to the questionnaires. Patients were reevaluated by the same tests and questionnaires 3 months after treatment. Diagnostic properties of questionnaires were calculated. Additionally, parents were asked to scale the improvement of symptoms subjectively from 0% to 100% to correlate to each of the three scoring systems. Results The mean ages of the normal and the LUTS groups were 9.1 ± 2.6 years and 10.1 ± 2.8 years, respectively ( P = .301). Gender (male:female) distribution was 21:21 in the LUTS group and 25:17 in the control group ( P = .381). In terms of diagnosis, DVISS has the highest accuracy (sensitivity: 81%, specificity: 97.6%, accuracy: 89%) followed by ISI-P (sensitivity: 55.6%, specificity: 100%, accuracy: 82%) and DVSS (sensitivity: 54.8%, specificity: 97.6%, accuracy: 76%). The similar order was valid for the 23 patients older than 11 years (accuracy for DVISS: 87%, for ISI-P: 82%, and for DVSS: 78%). In terms of response to treatment, all 3 tests showed good correlation with parents' ratings (DVSS: P P = .005, ISI-P: P = .042). Conclusion Although DVISS had the highest accuracy in distinguishing the patients from healthy controls, all 3 questionnaires seem to be equivalent for the evaluation of response to treatment.

Background: Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is escalating in Asia. The present study aimed toinvestigate the prevalence of GERD symptoms as well as potential risk factors associated with GERD in residents in a rural area in Jakarta. Method: The study population consisted of subjects who aged 20 years or more and lived in rural area Kebon Bawang-Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. A self-administered questionnaire based on earlier validated questionnaire (GERDQ) was given. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristic, self and environment sanitary, social and past illness history, and the symptoms score for GERD. Total score for GERD’s symptoms score was 18, with a score of at least 8 was considered to have symptomatic GERD.Results: The questionnaire was completed in 90 subjects. Of the 90 subjects, 12 (13.3%) had GERDQ score ≥ 8 which was the cut-off for definingpresence of GERD. On both univariate and multivariate analysis, age 50 years old (OR = 6.33; 95% CI 1.1-35.6), handwashing habit before eating (OR = 6.93; 95% CI 1.1-43.8), and raw/tap water (OR = 10.28; 95% CI 0.8-130) were significantly associated with the presence of GERD.Conclusion: Prevalence of GERD was high (13.3%) in rural area in Jakarta. Age 50 years old, handwashing habit before eating, and raw/tap waterwere risk factors for GERD in this population.

Introduction: The outcome of patients (pts) with myelofibrosis (MF) who discontinue ruxolitinib (RUX) is poor with scarce therapeutic possibilities (Palandri et al, 2020). However, some evidences suggest that pts may respond to a rechallenge of RUX after drug stop (Gerds et al, 2018). Aims: To investigate in a real-world context: 1) frequency and reasons for rechallenge; 2) therapeutic effects of rechallenge; 3) impact of rechallenge on overall survival (OS) Methods: After IRB approval, a clinical database was created in 20 European Hematology Centers including now retrospective data of 703 MF pts who started RUX from Jan 2011 to Nov 2019. Only chronic phase (CP) pts who stopped RUX for ≥14 days and survived ≥30 days after discontinuation were included. A specific survey collected clinical/laboratory data at RUX stop and at rechallenge, reasons for discontinuation and treatments before rechallenge. OS was estimated from the date of the first/only RUX discontinuation to last contact (log-rank test). Results: A total of 219 CP pts was evaluable for this study. In 60 (27.4%) pts, RUX was re-challenged for ≥14 days after the first discontinuation (RUX-again), while 159 (72.6%) pts discontinued RUX permanently (RUX-stop). The median time from RUX start to stop was of 16.5 and 12.3 mos for RUX-again and RUX-stop pts, respectively (p=0.41). At RUX start, characteristics of RUX-again were: median age 67y (24-88); males 61.7%; PMF 53.3%; median Hb 10.2 g/dl; median PLT/WBC: 249/12.6 x109/l; median RUX starting dose: 15mg BID. Baseline characteristics of RUX-again and RUX-stop pts were comparable. In the 60 RUX-again pts, reasons for discontinuation included loss of/inadequate response (18 pts, 30%) and toxicity (42 pts, 70%). Toxicity included G3-4 thrombocytopenia (38.1%), anemia (26.2%), infections (21.4%), other (14.3%). Conversely, RUX-stop pts discontinued RUX mainly due to loss of/inadequate response (75 pts, 47.2%), while intolerable toxicity occurred in 69 pts (43.4%) (p=0.004) and other causes in 9.4%. At first RUX discontinuation, 35.7% of RUX-again pts presented with large (>10 cm) splenomegaly; median Total Symptoms Score (TSS) was 10 (TSS>20 in 30.4% of pts). The median duration of temporary RUX discontinuation was 2 mos (range 0.5-71.1). During RUX stop, 65% of RUX-again pts did not receive any therapy, 15% received only palliation (steroids, hydroxyurea), while 11.7% switched to investigational agents, 3.3% underwent splenectomy and 5% allogeneic transplantation. Compared to disease status at first RUX stop, at RUX restart there was a significant increase of pts with large splenomegaly and high TSS, while the PLT count was higher and RUX dose significantly lower (Table 1). The median duration of RUX rechallenge was 7.5 mos (0.5-72.7). During the rechallenge, 44.6% and 48.3% pts improved spleen and symptoms, and there was a significant increase in pts with TSS reduction (p=0.01); 8 pts (13.3%) continued RUX with stable/worsening spleen size and improvement in TSS. Conversely, 26.8% and 20% of pts had increase in spleen size and in symptoms, respectively. While Hb levels remained stable, PLT count significantly decreased during rechallenge (p The reasons for temporary discontinuation had no impact on the reduction of spleen/symptoms during rechallenge and on OS. However, comparing RUX-again and RUX-stop pts, RUX-again pts showed a better OS, with a median survival of 41.1 mos and 23.7, respectively in the 2 cohorts (Fig. 1). Conclusions: This real-world study highlights that RUX rechallenge is quite common in CP-MF pts, involving almost 30% of treated pts, particularly when the discontinuation is due to toxicity. The temporary discontinuation, while improving PLT count, generally caused a significant increase in disease burden. After rechallenge, almost 50% of pts achieved clinical responses regardless of reason of first discontinuation. This residual disease control activity, that correlated with improved OS, should be weighed up also given the new therapeutic possibilities available in these pts. Disclosures Palandri: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria. Breccia:Abbvie: Consultancy; Bristol-Myers Squibb/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria. Benevolo:Amgen: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria. Cavazzini:Incyte: Honoraria; Pfize: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria. Crugnola:Janssen: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria. Heidel:CTI: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding. Pane:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: travel expenses, Speakers Bureau; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Other: Travel Expenses; Novartis pharma SAS: Consultancy, Other: Travel Expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Other: Travel Expenses; Bristol Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Travel Expenses, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Other: Travel Expenses, Speakers Bureau. Cuneo:janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Krampera:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Semenzato:Takeda: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria. Lemoli:AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Servier: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Research Funding; BerGenBio ASA: Research Funding. Cavo:Jannsen, BMS, Celgene, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Takeda, Amgen, Oncopeptides, AbbVie, Karyopharm, Adaptive: Consultancy, Honoraria. Palumbo:Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.

The present study investigated the efficacy of 6 months of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on chronic pain syndrome in late-onset hypogonadal (LOH) men. Sixty hypogonadal patients with chronic pain syndrome (31 patients in TRT group and 29 controls) were extracted from a previous randomised controlled study in Japan. Chronic pain was evaluated based on bodily pain (BP) subscale of Short-form (36) Health Survey (SF-36), and patients with a score of 50.0 or less were defined as suffering from chronic pain. SF-36 scores, Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) scale, international prostatic symptoms score (IPSS) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at baseline and a 6-month visit for the two groups were collected and compared. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline backgrounds between the two groups. Six-month TRT could contribute to significant improvements in BP, mental health of SF-36 and sleep disturbance (AMS question 4). Though the PSA level in the TRT group also significantly elevated at 6 months, the increase was not clinically significant. No significant improvements were evident in any characteristics in the controls. In conclusion, 6-month TRT can improve pain and some aspects of quality of life in LOH men with chronic pain.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting 6-month smoking cessation in Korean adult smokers. This descriptive correlation study assessed levels of urine cotinine, serum cotinine, serum serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; tobacco withdrawal symptoms; and resilience among 164 Korean adult smokers. Serum cotinine levels were negatively related to resilience at six months (r = −.42, p = .019), but were positively related to the amount of smoking (r = .32, p = .008) and with the Week 6 tobacco withdrawal symptoms score (r = .48, p = .001, n = 41). Higher resilience was associated with a higher 5-HIAA concentration. Greater therapy attendance, resilience, and withdrawal symptoms explained 35.3% of the variance in 6-month smoking cessation (Nagelkerke R2 = .35, p

To prospectively evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of the semiquantitative measurement of the unenhanced area of the prostate by trans-abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) performed immediately after prostate artery embolization (PAE) as a prognostic factor of success.Thirty-nine patients with PAE were prospectively included. They all underwent pre- and post-PAE trans-abdominal prostate CEUS. Two readers independently evaluated the pre- and post-PAE unenhanced area using a semiquantitative method: unenhanced areas were measured on 3 different slices (basis, middle, and apex) and reported to the whole prostate area. The mean of the three measures was reported semiquantitatively in classes of ten percent and quartiles. We evaluated correlation with clinical success, at 3 months after PAE, defined as a 25% reduction in the International Prostatic Symptoms Score and a Quality of life 3.Twenty-three patients who had bilateral PAE were analyzed. Pre-PAE trans-abdominal prostate CEUS showed visible early and marked enhancement of the entire prostate in all patients. After PAE, all patients had a semiquantitatively measured unenhanced area 25%. The semiquantitative measurement was found to be highly reproducible, with an interclass correlation 0.8. No correlation was found between the area of unenhanced tissue and clinical success evaluated at 3 months.Trans-abdominal prostate CEUS performed early after PAE provides reproducible results and is a valuable tool to evaluate unenhanced areas of the prostate.3, local non random sample.

© 2020 European College of Sport Science, Objective: Analyse the relationship between different levels of physical activity (PA) and depression symptoms in a representative sample of European older adults. Methods: Data on PA, depression symptoms and sociodemographic variables from 64688 (28015 men) older adults participating in SHARE wave 6 was collected through a face-to-face interview. The EURO-D 12-item scale was administered for depression symptoms. Participants reported the frequency they engaged in moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA). Results: Men and women engaging in MPA and VPA once or more than once a week had less depression symptoms than those who engage less than once a week. MPA and VPA once or more than once a week were inversely associated with the depression symptoms score. Furthermore, engaging in MPA and VPA decreased the odds of depression (cut-off point of ≥4 depression symptoms) compared to engaging in PA less than once a week. Conclusions: Policies for promoting mental health should include PA for the prevention or treatment of depression symptoms. PA presents physical and psychological benefits and can be used as an overall health-promoting strategy, facing numerous problems at a time., The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°211909, SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822, SHARE M4: GA N° 261982) and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N° 676536, SERISS: GA N°654221) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the U.S. National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, HHSN271201300071C) and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged (see www. share-project.org).