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1. Pratiques d’élevage et indicateurs morphométriques de performance laitière chez les éleveurs de bovins Kouri au Niger

Author

Ibrahim Adamou Karimou, Moumouni Issa, Harouna Abdou, Souleymane Malam Bako, and Hamani Marichatou

Subjects
bovin Kouri, vache laitière, aptitude laitière, système d’exploitation, comportement culturel, Niger, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Dans la région de Diffa au Niger, une enquête a été conduite dans 140 exploi­tations, afin d’analyser les pratiques d’élevage et les performances laitières des bovins de race Kouri. Par ailleurs, les traits morphométriques indicateurs de per­formance laitière chez les éleveurs ont été documentés. Les éleveurs étaient des sédentaires et les troupeaux de taille moyenne pour la majorité (36 ± 30 têtes par exploitation). Chez les vaches ayant eu les plus récentes lactations com­plètes, la production laitière par vache a été en moyenne de 2,7 ± 1,4 litres par jour pour une durée moyenne de lactation de 7,2 ± 2,8 mois. Chez les vaches considérées comme les meilleures laitières, la production de lait par vache a été de 4,2 ± 1,5 litres par jour pour une durée moyenne de lactation de 8,9 ± 2,7 mois. Bien que les pratiques d’élevage aient été similaires pour de nombreux aspects parmi les différents groupes ethniques, les critères morphométriques de sélection des vaches laitières de race Kouri ont varié selon l’appartenance eth­nique. Les caractéristiques phénotypiques ainsi associées à la race Kouri dans les groupes ethniques identifiés étaient principalement la longueur du bassin, la largeur du poitrail, la longueur des trayons, la hauteur au garrot et la longueur de la queue. Il est important de tenir compte du savoir endogène en matière d’amélioration génétique, car les paramètres morphométriques identifiés dans cette étude comme indicateurs de performance ne faisaient pas l’unanimité au sein des groupes ethniques.

Published
2017
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2. Chapitre 5. La faune et la céramique

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

5.1 La faune Le comblement des structures d’extraction du silex a livré un mobilier archéologique composé, outre des outils en bois de cervidé précédemment étudiés, de céramique, de faune et de vestiges lithiques. Comme on pouvait s’y attendre sur un site minier, les quantités respectives de ces trois catégories de vestiges ne sont absolument pas comparables : les deux premières, très indigentes, feront l’objet des deux courts paragraphes qui vont suivre ; quant à l’industrie lithique, prélev...

Published
2022

3. Introduction

Author

Tarrête, Jacques

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

Sauvetages archéologiques et grands travaux : voilà qui évoque immédiatement les fouilles conduites au cœur des villes ou à leur périphérie à l’occasion des divers chantiers de rénovations, modernisations ou extensions urbaines. L’intérêt que les habitants et leurs élus portent au passé de leur cité facilite alors la réalisation, généralement dans des conditions satisfaisantes, des observations archéologiques indispensables préalablement aux travaux. Mais lorsque l’aménagement du territoire t...

Published
2022

4. Chapitre 7. Synthèse générale

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

7.1 Jablines et les autres sites d’extraction du silex : comparaisons 7.1.1 Les structures d’extraction La minière de Jablines se caractérise par une diversité morphologique des structures d’extraction reconnues (fig. 212) : le même banc de silex est en effet exploité par de simples fosses d’extraction à ciel ouvert de 1,50 m de profondeur, et à 500 m de distance, par de vastes galeries accessibles par un puits vertical de 7,50 m de profondeur. Cette variabilité frappe d’autant plus que, sur ...

Published
2022

5. Chapitre 4. Les systèmes d’extraction du silex

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

4.1 Typologie des structures d’extraction 4.1.1 Terminologie La description de structures d’extraction du silex et les comparaisons nécessaires avec d’autres sites miniers impliquent d’utiliser une terminologie rigoureuse mais en même temps la plus souple possible, dans la mesure où il n’existe malheureusement pas de codification descriptive commune à ce type de site. Aussi, il importe de définir au préalable les termes qui seront employés dans ce volume. Les cinquante‑huit structures d’extra...

Published
2022

6. Jablines Le Haut Château (Seine-et-Marne)

Author

Blaizot, Frédérique, Blanchet, Jean‑Claude, Guy, Hervé, Laporte, Luc, Pazdur, Mieczyslaw F., Talon, Marc, Tarrête, Jacques, Bostyn, Françoise, and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

Ce volume est le premier de la série « Archéologie et grands travaux », créée au sein des DAF afin d’accueillir les publications des opérations de sauvetage de grande ampleur, et en majeure partie financée par les responsables de ces aménagements en milieu rural et urbain. Découvert à l’occasion des fouilles effectuées préalablement à la construction de la ligne d’interconnexion des TGV, le site de Jablines a révélé une mine néolithique de silex qui a fait l’objet, pour la première fois en France, d’une fouille extensive. Plus de 1 000 structures ont ainsi été repérées et 58 puits intégralement explorés. Les résultats des études conduites par une équipe pluridisciplinaire sont ici présentés en détail. Enfin, le site est replacé dans son environnement régional et comparé à des sites du même type en France et dans le reste de l’Europe. This volume is the first of the series “Archéologie et grands travaux”, created within the DAF series to welcome the publication of large scale rescue excavations, and in part financed by developers of projects in rural or urban situations. Discovered during excavations carried out before construction work on the northern TGV line, the site of jablines uncovered a neolithic flint mine which became the object, for the first time in France, of large scale excavation. More than 1 000 features had been located and 58 shafts completly explored. The results of these studies conducted by a pluridisplinary team are presented here in detail. Finally, the site is placed within its regional environment and compared to sites of the same type in France and the rest of Europe.

Published
2022

7. Chapitre 2. Définition des problématiques

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

2.1 L’étude des minières de silex et les questions soulevées L’étude de mines préhistoriques soulève de multiples questions qui peuvent être hiérarchisées en plusieurs niveaux d’analyse, souvent présentés comme contradictoires (l’étude très fine d’un unique puits/l’analyse spatiale d’une minière dans son ensemble). Ces oppositions résultent en réalité des conditions d’étude de tels sites (sauvetages/fouilles programmées) qui imposent des choix drastiques et impliquent de privilégier un ou plu...

Published
2022

8. Chapitre 1. Présentation générale

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

1.1 Localisation géographique et géologique A une cinquantaine de kilomètres à l’est de l’agglomération parisienne, dans le nord du département de Seine‑et‑Marne, la Marne décrit une succession de larges méandres, encaissés de 50 m à 100 m dans les dépôts sédimentaires tertiaires du Bassin parisien (fig. 1). Entre les villes de Meaux et de Lagny, la rivière a tracé un très large et double méandre, à l’intérieur duquel se localise le petit village de Jablines. Au rétrécissement maximum du méan...

Published
2022

9. Chapitre 3. Le cadre naturel

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

3.1 Données géologiques 3.1.1 Données générales Le petit plateau du Haut‑Château représente un des affleurements les plus méridionaux du marno‑calcaire de Saint‑Ouen. Cette formation laguno‑lacustre tertiaire (Eocène, Bartonien moyen = Marinésien), mise en place il y a environ 40 millions d’années, disparaît en effet au sud sous le plateau briard, alors qu’elle constitue une surface structurale bien développée au nord de l’agglomération parisienne (Plaine de France, nord‑est du Vexin français...

Published
2022

10. Générique de l’opération

Author

Bostyn, Françoise and Lanchon, Yves

Subjects
HD, sauvetage, Néolithique, silex tertiaire, bois de cerf, atelier de débitage, Archaeology, chaîne opératoire, structure d’extraction, système d’exploitation, minière, SOC003000, analyse spatiale, hache taillée
Abstract

Montage du dossier et suivi administratif :Alain Bulard (direction des Antiquités préhistoriques d’ile‑de‑France) Chargé de la coordination générale :Jean‑Claude Blanchet Chargé de la coordination de terrain :Marc Talon Coordinateur SNCF :Luc Rouvillain Phase de fouille : (1er août 1989 ‑30 septembre 1990) Responsables du sauvetage :Françoise Bostyn et Yves Lanchon Encadrement :Gabriel Jacobieski Encadrement et gestion :Catherine Frugier Intendance :Marc Bodu Fouilleurs salariés :Raymond Bonn...

Published
2022

11. TEMPS ET ACTIVITÉ SELON UNIX.

Author

MÊLÉS, Baptiste

Abstract

Copyright of Réseaux (07517971) is the property of Editions La Decouverte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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12. Cacol: A zero overhead and non-intrusive double caching mitigation system

Author

Grégoire Todeschi, Alain Tchana, Boris Teabe, Daniel Hagimont, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Côte d'Azur (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Double caching, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Overhead (computing), Page cache, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Hypervisor, Resource (Windows), Systèmes embarqués, Zero (linguistics), Hardware and Architecture, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; In a virtualized server, a page cache (which caches I/O data) is managed in both the hypervisor and the guest Operating System (OS). This leads to a well-known issue called double caching. Double caching is the presence of the same data in both the hypervisor page cache and guest OS page caches. Some experiments we performed show that almost 64% of the hypervisor page cache content is also present in guest page caches.Therefore, double caching is a huge source of memory waste in virtualized servers, particularly when I/O disk-intensive workloads are executed (which is common in today’s data centers). Knowing that memory is the limiting resource for workload consolidation, double caching is a critical issue.This paper presents a novel solution (called Cacol) to avoid double caching. Unlike existing solutions, Cacol is not intrusive as it does not require guest OS modification and induces very little performance overhead for user applications. We implemented Cacol in KVM hypervisor, a very popular virtualization system. We evaluated Cacol and compared it with Linux default solutions. The results confirm the advantages (no guest modification and no overhead) of Cacol against existing solutions.

Published
2020

13. Elderly monitoring system in a smart city environment using LoRa and MQTT

Author

Abdennaceur Kachouri, Thierry Val, Abdelfatteh Lachtar, Laboratoire d'électronique et des technologies de l'Information [Sfax] (LETI), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), and Université de Sfax (TUNISIA)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Walking stick, Computer science, Internet of Things, Interoperability, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Smart city, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Telemetry, Open systems, Middleware, Patient monitoring, MQTT, business.industry, Node (networking), 010401 analytical chemistry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, 0104 chemical sciences, Machine to machine, Queueing theory, Geriatrics, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Message queue, Protocols, Smart cities, Computer network
Abstract

International audience; With the rapid surge of M-Health and smart city systems, the need to accommodate sensors and actuators to achieve effective automation turns out to be imposed, for an efficient machine-to-machine communication to be maintained. In this regard, the key elements necessary for a successful M-Health system to take place are discovered to be the power consumption and interoperability maintaining factors. In this context, the present study is conducted to devise a special elderly tracking and monitoring system, closely connected to a walking stick device. The proposed design involves a cane cased transmitter node, enabling to send data related to the position and the state of the elderly to a base station, through implementation of the LoRa technology. The latter would then apply the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol to interact with the environment once a fall proves to take place. For the purpose of evaluating the advanced design associated coverage range and power consumption rate, as enhanced via LoRa network, several experimental tests have been administered. The achieved results appear to reveal that the suggested architecture recorded average covered area turns out to be of the rate of 6 km2.

Published
2020

14. Performances Analysis of a System of Localization by Angle of Arrival UWB Radio

Author

Salick Diagne, Abdou Karim Farota, Thierry Val, Ognadon Assogba, Bouya Diop, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis - UGB (SENEGAL), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal (UGB), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Signal, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], UWB, Architectures Matérielles, Angle of arrival, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, PDoA, 021103 operations research, Observational error, Bandwidth (signal processing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Angle of Arrival (AoA), Localization, Temporal resolution, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Actuator
Abstract

International audience; The increasingly widespread use of sensor and actuator networks and in general of the Internet of Things (IoT) in several areas of precision, imposes upon localization systems that can often equip them with a robust and more precise localization. It is in this sense that UWB technology has proved to be one of the most powerful communication technologies for these localization systems; thanks, in particular to the bandwidth occupied instantaneously by the signal allowing a very fine temporal resolution. Constructors have set up localization kits based on various technologies. These kits facilitate in a way the work of localization of users. In this paper, we present results on the performance study of the Decawave PDoA Kit. This Kit uses the PDoA (Phase Difference of Arrival) to determine the Angle of Arrival (AoA) parameter with UWB technology. This study is in context of localization by AoA for an application to protect agricultural crops against grain-eating birds. The results of the study show overall AoA measurement errors around 10 degrees in an ideal environment.

Published
2020

15. Operating system dedicated to NVRAM-based low power embedded systems

Author

Gautier Berthou, CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Software and Cognitive radio for telecommunications (SOCRATE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Lyon, Kevin Marquet, Tanguy Risset, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon, Insa Lyon, Université lyon 1, Tanguy Risset(tanguy.risset@insa-lyon.fr), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and STAR, ABES

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Energy needs, Operating Systems, Exécution des applications, Système d'exploitation, Power Supply, Intermittent supply, Besoin énergétique, Systèmes d’exploitation, Energy Harvesting, Running applications, Alimentation intermittente, Consommation énergétique, Alimentation électrique, Récolte d’énergie, Informatique, NVRAM, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-ES] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Energy consumption, Mémoire à accès aléatoire non volatile - NVRAM, Operating system, Non-Volatile random-Access memory - NVRAM, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Consommation d’énergie
Abstract

Some electronic devices cannot embed any battery because of space- or cost-related concerns. Notably, small devices harvest energy from their environment to gap the absence of battery. Medical sensors and crop probes are examples of such devices. These devices are likely to consume energy faster than they can harvest, when considering non-solar energy or small harvesters for instance. They are thus exposed to frequent power outages and must cope with an intermittent supply and are referred to as transiently-powered systems. Instead of restarting the application from the very beginning on every boot, it is possible to resume the application where it stopped. Non-volatile memories keep their data across power outages and their usage enable persistent data storage. Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) and traditional volatile RAM have similar access latencies, which makes NVRAM technologies good candidates for persistent storage of energy-constrained devices. This work highlights the benefits of using NVRAM for the purpose of enabling the execution of long-running application despite power outages. This study proposes to solve issues related to intermittent supply at operating system level, which role is to manage application progress persistence and maintain consistency between memories and peripherals. This work also proposes a model for transiently-powered systems to lay the ground for energy consumption estimation of code involving peripherals. A new checkpointing mechanism, based on a hardware MPU, is proposed as a checkpointing optimization. Finally, this work proposes an introduction to proof of correctness at operating system level for transiently-powered systems., Certains objets électroniques ne peuvent embarquer de pile ou de batterie, pour des raisons de place ou de coût. C'est le cas de petits objets, récoltant de l'énergie depuis leur environnement, afin de pallier l'absence de batterie. Capteurs médicaux et sondes agronomiques en sont des exemples. En général, ces objets consomment de l'énergie plus rapidement qu'ils n'en récoltent, notamment pour les appareils non équipés de cellules photovoltaïques. En résultent de fréquentes coupures de courant lors de l'exécution de l'application, on parle alors d'alimentation intermittente. Plutôt que de recommencer l'application du début à chaque redémarrage, il est possible de développer des mécanismes afin de reprendre l'exécution à l'endroit où elle s'était arrêtée. L'utilisation de mémoires non-volatiles, qui ne perdent pas leurs données lorsque la plate-forme est éteinte, permet le stockage de données en dépit des coupures de courant. En particulier, les RAM non-volatiles (NVRAM) ont des temps d'accès voisins des RAM volatiles, ce qui permet de les utiliser comme des mémoires courantes, à l'opposé des mémoires type Flash dont le temps et l'énergie d'écriture sont trop élevés. Ce travail met en exergue l'utilisation de NVRAM afin d'exécuter une application longue en dépit des coupures de courant. Il s'articule autour du développement d'un système d'exploitation visant ce type d'objet, assurant une cohérence entre les mémoires et l'état des périphériques à chaque instant. En outre, il propose un modèle de systèmes à alimentation intermittente, servant de base pour l'évaluation des coûts énergétiques de portions de code impliquant des opérations sur les péripheriques. Un nouveau mécanisme de sauvegarde basé sur une MPU matérielle est proposé pour optimiser la sauvegarde de données. Enfin, ce travail propose une introduction à la preuve formelle d’exécution correcte pour systèmes à alimentation intermittente.

Published
2021

16. Preventing the propagation of a new kind of illegitimate apps

Author

Alain Tchana, Giang Son Tran, Lavoisier Wapet, Daniel Hagimont, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), and Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Focus (computing), Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Mobile apps, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Detection, Architectures Matérielles, Fake apps, Hardware and Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; A significant amount of apps submitted to mobile market places (MMP) are illegitimate, resulting in a negative publicity for these MMPs. To our knowledge, all scanning solutions in this domain only focus on the detection of illegitimate apps which mimic existing ones. However, recent attack analysis reveal the appearance of a new category of victims: enterprises which did not yet publish their app on the MMP. Thereby, an attacker may be one step ahead and publish a malicious app using the graphic identity of a trusted enterprise. Famous enterprises such as Blackberry, Netflix, and Niantic (Pokemon Go) have been subject of such attacks. We designed and implemented a security check system called IMAD (IllegitimateMobile App Detector) which is able to limit aforementioned attacks. The evaluation results show that IMAD can protect companies from such attacks with an acceptable error rate and at a low cost for MMPs.

Published
2019

17. On a unifying product form framework for redundancy models

Author

Ina Maria Verloop, Tejas Bodas, Urtzi Ayesta, Basque Foundation for Science ( Ikerbasque ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés ( LAAS-SARA ), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes [Toulouse] ( LAAS ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universidad del País Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)

Subjects
Exponential distribution, Redundancy-d, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Generalization, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, 010104 statistics & probability, Redundancy (information theory), Architectures Matérielles, Server, Cancel-on-start, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 0101 mathematics, Queue, [ INFO.INFO-RO ] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Mathematics, 020203 distributed computing, 021103 operations research, Stationary distribution, business.industry, Product-form distribution, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Queueing system, Systèmes embarqués, [ INFO.INFO-PF ] Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Hardware and Architecture, Independence assumption, Modeling and Simulation, Product (mathematics), Closed-form expression, business, [ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Software, Computer network
Abstract

In this paper, we present a unifying analysis for redundancy systems with cancel-on-start ( c . o . s . ) and cancel-on-complete ( c . o . c . ) with exponentially distributed service requirements. With c . o . s . ( c . o . c . ) all redundant copies are removed as soon as one of the copies starts (completes) service. As a consequence, c . o . s . does not waste any computing resources, as opposed to c . o . c . We show that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to a queueing system with multi-type jobs and servers, which was analyzed in Visschers et al., (2012), and show that c . o . c . (under the assumption of i.i.d. copies) can be analyzed by a generalization of Visschers et al., (2012) where state-dependent departure rates are permitted. This allows us to show that the stationary distribution for both the c . o . c . and c . o . s . models has a product form. We give a detailed first-time analysis for c . o . s and derive a closed form expression for important metrics like mean number of jobs in the system, and probability of waiting. We also note that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to Join-Shortest-Work queue with power of d (JSW( d )). In the latter, an incoming job is dispatched to the server with smallest workload among d randomly chosen ones. Thus, all our results apply mutatis-mutandis to JSW( d ). Comparing the performance of c . o . s . with that of c . o . c . with i.i.d. copies gives the unexpected conclusion (since c . o . s . does not waste any resources) that c . o . s . is worse in terms of mean number of jobs. As part of ancillary results, we illustrate that this is primarily due to the assumption of i.i.d. copies in case of c . o . c . (together with exponentially distributed requirements) and that such assumptions might lead to conclusions that are qualitatively different from that observed in practice.

Published
2018

18. DV-Hop Localization With Protocol Sequence Based Access

Author

Feng Shu, Huang Xinyu, Fu Xiao, Wei Jun, Yijin Zhang, Linqing Gui, Thierry Val, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Nanjing University of Science and Technology - NUST (CHINA), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications - NJUPT (CHINA), Southeast University - SEU (CHINA), National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory - NCRL (Nanjing, Chine), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory [Jiangsu], Southeast University [Jiangsu], Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Protocol sequence, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Time division multiple access, Réseaux et télécommunications, Aerospace Engineering, Access control, 02 engineering and technology, Broadcasting, Distance Vector Hop (DV-Hop), Hop (networking), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0203 mechanical engineering, Architectures Matérielles, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business.industry, Network packet, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, 020302 automobile design & engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Range-free, Localization, Automotive Engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Wireless sensor network, Computer network
Abstract

International audience; Among typical range-free localization schemes for sensor networks, DV-Hop has its distinguishing advantage of the capability to localize unknown nodes, which have less than three or even no neighbor anchors. However, existing DV-Hop based localization methods have not considered the problem of packet collisions, which can frequently happen during the throughout-whole-network broadcast of numerous data packets at the first two steps of DV-Hop. In order to effectively improve the success rate of packet transmission between nodes, this paper proposes a medium access control (MAC) method based on Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) protocol sequence for DV-Hop localization. First, a broadcasting strategy is designed for the proposed MAC method. Then, dedicated procedures for both anchor nodes and unknown nodes are presented to implement the designed MAC method in DV-Hop localization. Through simulation and evaluation, the performance of DV-Hop localization with the proposed MAC method is thoroughly investigated. Simulation results show that when the number of protocol sequences is larger than a certain number, the proposed MAC method can provide DV-Hop with better localization accuracy than E-CSMA/CA, while keeping similar localization time.

Published
2018

19. Modeling, classifying and generating large-scale Google-like workload

Author

Ines de Courchelle, Georges Da Costa, Léo Grange, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], General Computer Science, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Schema (psychology), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Reference implementation, Workload generation, Workload analysis, Large scale, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Workload, Classification, Google dataset, Systèmes embarqués, Reproducible experiments, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Data mining, computer
Abstract

International audience; One of the key elements needed to test most large-scale scheduling algorithms is a testing infrastructure. Large scale is of upmost importance as failures and complex behaviors are common occurrences only at such scale. In order to test the reaction of a system to failures or extreme behaviors, it is necessary to be able to create large scale environments. Such an infrastructure must be reproducible so that several studies are able to compare themselves but also capable of diversity as otherwise it would risk to limit them to particular subcases. In this article, we propose a generic adaptable and reusable model of large scale workload. The original schema comes from the Google Cluster Workload Traces which is a perfect representative of large scale production workload. The methodology to produce the model can be used at different precision levels and can classify the input level without human supervision. Contrary to most model analysis of such traces, we propose along with our model a reference implementation in order for other studies using our results to produce comparable experiments.

Published
2018

20. PCach: The Case for Pre-Caching your Mobile Data

Author

Gentian Jakllari, Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Smartphone application, Mobile data, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Pre-cache, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wi-Fi, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), SIMPLE (military communications protocol), business.industry, Mobile broadband, Cellular networks, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Cellular network, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Cache, business, Computer network
Abstract

We present PCach, a smartphone-based approach for relieving the congestion in cellular network resulting from the exponential growth in mobile data traffic. The basic idea underlying PCach is simple: use WiFi to proactively cache content on the smartphone's memory, which otherwise would have been delivered through the cellular network. However, it leads to several challenging questions, including how much mobile data actually flows through cellular networks, how much data can be pre-cached, and when and what to pre-cache. We address these questions progressively using a thorough analysis of user data collected from our purpose-built crowdsensing Android application, actively utilized by 45 users for periods dating back to July 2014. Our analysis shows that the median smartphone user transfers 15% of their data via the cellular network and that 80\% of it can be pre-cached via WiFi. To capitalize on these results, we draw on a careful analysis of the measurement data to introduce an algorithm that can run stand-alone on off-the-shelf smartphones and predict with good accuracy when and what to pre-cache., Comment: To appear as a 4p paper in the proceedings of the 43nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), Chicago, USA, October 1-4, 2018

Published
2020

21. Scheduling in a single-server with state-dependent service rates

Author

Balakrishna Prabhu, Rhonda Righter, Urtzi Ayesta, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), University of California - UC Berkeley (USA), University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU (SPAIN), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Holding cost, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Single server queue, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Management Science and Operations Research, Operations research, 01 natural sciences, Systèmes embarqués, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Scheduling (computing), 010104 statistics & probability, Idle, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Queueing theory, State dependent, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0101 mathematics, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Abstract

International audience; We consider single-server scheduling to minimize holding costs where the capacity, or rate of service, depends on the number of jobs in the system, and job sizes become known upon arrival. In general, this is a hard problem, and counter-intuitive behavior can occur. For example, even with linear holding costs the optimal policy may be something other than SRPT or LRPT, it may idle, and it may depend on the arrival rate. We first establish an equivalence between our problem of deciding which jobs to serve when completed jobs immediately leave, and a problem in which we have the option to hold on to completed jobs and can choose when to release them, and in which we always serve jobs according to SRPT. We thus reduce the problem to determining the release times of completed jobs. For the clearing, or transient system, where all jobs are present at time 0, we give a complete characterization of the optimal policy and show that it is fully determined by the cost-to-capacity ratio. With arrivals, the problem is much more complicated, and we can obtain only partial results. We show that if the cost-to-capacity ratio is linear, then all non-idling policies yield the same average cost. We further characterize the optimal policy in some special cases. For example, we show that as long as capacity is increasing in the number of jobs, LRPT stochastically minimizes the mean busy period.

Published
2020

22. Negotiation Game for Joint IT and Energy Management in Green Datacenters

Author

Minh-Thuyen Thi, Georges Da Costa, Jean-Marc Nicod, Patricia Stolf, Marwa Haddad, Jean-Marc Pierson, Gustavo Rostirolla, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté - UBFC (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), ANR-15-CE25-0012,DATAZERO,Datacenters robustes utilisant de l'énergie renouvelable(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Mathematical optimization, Renewable energy, Computer Networks and Communications, Energy management, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Stability (learning theory), Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Datacenter, 7. Clean energy, Multi-objective optimization, Negotiation, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Intermittent power, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Game theory, business.industry, Quality of service, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Power (physics), Term (time), Hardware and Architecture, Middleware, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Software
Abstract

Preprint; International audience; As the power demand of datacenters is increasing sharply, a promising solution is to power datacenters locally by renewable energies. However, one of the main challenges when operating such green datacenters is to conciliate the intermittent power supply and the power demand. To deal with this problem, we view the green datacenter as two sub-systems, namely, Information Technology (IT) sub-system which consumes energy, and electrical sub-system which supplies energy. The objective is to find an efficient trade-off between the power demand and power supply, respecting the operational requirements of both sub-systems (i.e., the requirements on utility, or monetary gain, which includes monetary revenue and monetary cost). First, we analyze the problem by a black-box approach. In this approach, the models of the two sub-systems are unknown to each other, and the two sub-systems negotiate by exchanging their power preferences. However, we found that the black-box approach cannot guarantee stable solutions in term of execution time and generational distance (which is the distance between a solution and the Pareto front). Then we introduce a semi black-box approach, in which the two sub-systems are modeled as the buyer and the supplier in a buyer–supplier negotiation game. We propose an algorithm that allows the buyer and supplier to negotiate, seeking for an efficient trade-off between the power demand and power supply. The analytical results show that the semi black-box algorithm converges to equilibrium, and these results are then confirmed by experimental results. We conduct the experiments by implementing a middleware of a datacenter powered by renewable energies. The experimental results show that the semi black-box algorithm improves significantly the stability, quality of service (QoS) and utility of the datacenter, compared to other algorithms. In term of stability, compared to the black-box algorithm, the semi black-box algorithm reduces the standard deviation of execution time and generational distance by 23 and 27 times, respectively. In term of QoS and utility, the semi black-box algorithm outperforms the algorithms that do not consider joint IT-energy management, as well as the algorithms that do not utilize a semi black-box design

Published
2020

23. Optimisation des caches de fichiers dans les environnements virtualisés

Author

Todeschi, Grégoire and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Machines virtuelles, Optimisation, Cache de fichiers, Cloud
Abstract

Les besoins en ressources de calcul sont en forte augmentation depuis plusieurs décennies, que ce soit pour des applications du domaine des réseaux sociaux, du calcul haute performance, ou du big data. Les entreprises se tournent alors vers des solutions d'externalisation de leurs services informatiques comme le Cloud Computing. Le Cloud Computing permet une mutalisation des ressources informatiques dans un datacenter et repose généralement sur la virtualisation. Cette dernière permet de décomposer une machine physique, appelée hôte, en plusieurs machines virtuelles (VM) invitées. La virtualisation engendre de nouveaux défis dans la conception des systèmes d'exploitation, en particulier pour la gestion de la mémoire. La mémoire est souvent utilisée pour accélérer les coûteux accès aux disques, en conservant ou préchargeant les données du disque dans le cache fichiers. Seulement la mémoire est une ressource limitée et limitante pour les environnements virtualisés, affectant ainsi les performances des applications utilisateurs. Il est alors nécessaire d'optimiser l'utilisation du cache de fichiers dans ces environnements. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons deux approches orthogonales pour améliorer les performances des applications à l'aide d'une meilleure utilisation du cache fichiers. Dans les environnements virtualisés, hôte et invités exécutent chacun leur propre système d'exploitation (OS) et ont donc chacun un cache de fichiers. Lors de la lecture d'un fichier, les données se retrouvent présentes dans les deux caches. Seulement, les deux OS exploitent la même mémoire physique. On parle de duplication des pages du cache. La première contribution vise à pallier ce problème avec Cacol, une politique d'éviction de cache s'exécutant dans l'hôte et non intrusive vis-à-vis de la VM. Cacol évite ces doublons de pages réduisant ainsi l'utilisation de la mémoire d'une machine physique. La seconde approche est d'étendre le cache fichiers des VM en exploitant de la mémoire disponible sur d'autres machines du datacenter. Cette seconde contribution, appelée Infinicache, s'appuie sur Infiniband, un réseau RDMA à haute vitesse, et exploite sa capacité à lire et à écrire sur de la mémoire à distance. Directement implémenté dans le cache invité, Infinicache stocke les pages évincées de son cache sur de la mémoire à distance. Les futurs accès à ces pages sont alors plus rapides que des accès aux disques de stockage, améliorant par conséquent les performances des applications. De plus, le taux d'utilisation de la mémoire à l'échelle du datacenter est augmenté, réduisant le gaspillage de manière globale.

Published
2020

24. Priority-based data collection for UAV-aided Mobile Sensor Network

Author

Riadh Dhaou, Tianyi Liu, Song Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Rahim Kacimi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Tongji University (CHINA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), CLESTHIA - Langage, systèmes, discours - EA 7345 (CLESTHIA), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Central China Normal University [Wuhan, China], Temps Réel dans les Réseaux et Systèmes (IRIT-T2RS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), and Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Dynamic network analysis, Computer science, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Network topology, lcsh:Chemical technology, Biochemistry, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Article, Analytical Chemistry, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Architectures Matérielles, Collision-free, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Mobile nodes, lcsh:TP1-1185, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Data collection, Data Collection, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Wireless sensor networks, Wireless sensor network, Multiple unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract

International audience; In this work, we study data collection in multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 1 aided mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The network topology is changing due to the 2 mobility of the UAVs and the sensor nodes, the design of efficient data collection protocols 3 is a major concern. We address such high dynamic network and propose two mechanisms: 4 prioritized-based contact-duration frame selection mechanism (called PCdFS mechanism), and 5 prioritized-based multiple contact-duration frame selection mechanism (called PMCdFS mechanism) 6 to build collision-free scheduling and balance the nodes between the multi-UAV respectively. Based 7 on the two mechanisms, we proposed a Balance algorithm to conduct the collision-free communication 8 between the mobile nodes and the multi-UAVs. Two key design ideas for Balance algorithm are: (a) 9 no need of higher priority for those nodes that have lower transmission rate between them and the 10 UAV and (b) improve the communication opportunity for those nodes that have shorter contact 11 duration with the UAVs. We demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithms through extensive 12 simulations, and real experiments. These experiments using 15 mobile nodes at a path with 10 13 intersections and 1 island, presents that the network fairness is efficiently enhanced. We also confirm 14 the applicability of proposed algorithms in a challenging and realistic scenario through numerous 15 experiments on a path in Tongji campus in Shanghai, China. 16

Published
2020

25. IoT networks 3D deployment using hybrid many-objective optimization algorithms

Author

Thierry Val, Nejah Nasri, Adrien van den Bossche, Malek Alrashidi, Sami Mnasri, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Analyse et Commande des Systèmes (LACS), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Laboratoire Toulousain de Technologie et d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (LATTIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), University of Tabuk (SAUDI ARABIA), and Université de Sfax (TUNISIA)

Subjects
Scheme (programming language), [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Experimental validation, Control and Optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Algorithme et structure de données, 3D indoor redeployment, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Many-objective optimization, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Artificial Intelligence, Convergence (routing), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Decomposition (computer science), Wireless, computer.programming_language, 021103 operations research, Ideal (set theory), Preference incorporation, business.industry, Dimensionality reduction, IoT collection networks, Systèmes embarqués, Software deployment, Mutation (genetic algorithm), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer, Software, Information Systems
Abstract

International audience; When resolving many-objective problems, multi-objective optimization algorithms encounter several difficulties degrading their performances. These difficulties may concern the exponential execution time, the effectiveness of the mutation and recombination operators or finding the tradeoff between diversity and convergence. In this paper, the issue of 3D redeploying in indoor the connected objects (or nodes) in the Internet of Things collection networks (formerly known as wireless sensor nodes) is investigated. The aim is to determine the ideal locations of the objects to be added to enhance an initial deployment while satisfying antagonist objectives and constraints. In this regard, a first proposed contribution aim to introduce an hybrid model that includes many-objective optimization algorithms relying on decomposition (MOEA/D, MOEA/DD) and reference points (Two_Arch2, NSGA-III) while using two strategies for introducing the preferences (PI-EMO-PC) and the dimensionality reduction (MVU-PCA). This hybridization aims to combine the algorithms advantages for resolving the many-objective issues. The second contribution concerns prototyping and deploying real connected objects which allows assessing the performance of the proposed hybrid scheme on a real world environment. The obtained experimental and numerical results show the efficiency of the suggested hybridization scheme against the original algorithms.

Published
2020

26. Effectiveness of neural networks for power modeling for Cloud and HPC: It's worth it!

Author

Jean-Marc Pierson, Leandro Fontoura-Cupertino, Georges da Costa, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and European Project: 288701,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-7,COOLEMALL(2011)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Pooling, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, Machine learning, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Analytical models, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Artificial neural network, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Power consumption, Power models, HPC, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Internet of Things, business, Cloud, Software, Information Systems
Abstract

Power consumption of servers and applications are of utmost importance as computers are becoming ubiquitous, from smart phones to IoT and full-fledged computers. To optimize their power consumption, knowledge is necessary during execution at different levels: for the Operating System to take decisions of scheduling, for users to choose between different applications. Several models exist to evaluate the power consumption of computers without relying on actual wattmeters: Indeed, these hardware are costly but also usually have limits on their pooling frequency (usually a one-second frequency is observed) except for dedicated professional hardware. The models link applications behavior with their power consumption, but up to now there is a 5% wall: Most models cannot reduce their error under this threshold and are usually linked to a particular hardware configuration. This article demonstrates how to break the 5% wall of power models. It shows that by using neural networks it is possible to create models with 1% to 2% error. It also quantifies the reachable precision obtainable with other classical methods such as analytical models.

Published
2020

27. Fast maximum coverage of system behavior from a performance and power point of view

Author

Jean-Marc Pierson, Georges Da Costa, Leandro Fontoura-Cupertino, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Theoretical Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Range (statistics), Quality (business), media_common, SIMPLE (military communications protocol), Performance counters, System coverage, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Computer Science Applications, Power (physics), Benchmarking, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Power, Key (cryptography), [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Performance indicator, Metric (unit), Data mining, computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; This article proposes a methodology for constructing and assessing the quality of benchmark-suites dedicated to understand server behavior. Applications are multiple:behavioral models creation, power capping, abnormal behavior detection, model validation. To reach all the operating points of one server, an automatic operating range detection is necessary. To get the knowledge of the operating range, an exhaustive search of possible reachable states must be conducted. While many works use for this purpose only simplistic benchmark-suites in their research, we show in this article that using simple assumptions (leading to simple models such as linear ones) introduces large bias. We identify the bias due to individual hardware components. The key for understanding and modeling of the system behavior (from performance and power consumption points of view) is to stress the system and its subsystems on a large set ofconfigurations, and to collect values spanningover a large spectrum.We define a coverage metric for evaluating the coverage of measured performance indicators and power values. We evaluate different benchmarks using that metric, and thoroughly analyze their impact on the collected values. Finally, we propose a benchmark-suite providing a large coverage, adapted to general cases.

Published
2020

28. A User-Centric Identity Management Framework based on the W3C Verifiable Credentials and the FIDO Universal Authentication Framework

Author

Samer Wazan, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Francois Barrere, Arnaud Oglaza, Romain Laborde, Rémi Venant, David W. Chadwick, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE), Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), University of Kent [Canterbury], Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), and Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Verifiable credentials, Réseaux et télécommunications, Federated Identity Management, 0102 computer and information sciences, Certification, Computer security, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Identity management, QA76, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050107 human factors, User-centered design, Password, Authentication, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Usability, Service provider, Systèmes embarqués, FIDO UAF, Digital identity, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Federated identity management, Verifiable secret sharing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer
Abstract

International audience; We present a user-centric and decentralized digital identity system that allows anyone to easily benefit from an enriched digital identity made of multi-purpose and multi-origin attributes. It increases usability by the elimination of user passwords. It also makes this digital identity highly trustworthy both for the user (in terms of privacy and sovereignty) and the service provider who requires highly certified information about the user being enrolled to and/or authenticated on its services. We built our system based on the Universal Authentication Framework specified by the FIDO Alliance and the data model proposed by the W3C Verifiable Credentials WG. The whole system has been implemented in a banking scenario.

Published
2020

29. Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem under Deadlines

Author

Paul Renaud-Goud, Patricia Stolf, Florent Dubois, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Capacitated, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Flooding, Vehicle routing problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Routing, 021103 operations research, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Resolution (logic), Solver, Systèmes embarqués, Deadlines, Constraint (information theory), Trajectory, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Heuristics
Abstract

International audience; Fast floods are usually not predictable and lead to lot of damages. In the context of a fast flood, the rescue teams need to elaborate the most efficient plan to save people in the impacted area, “as fast as possible”. Based on discussions with firefighters, the problem is formalized as a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem under Deadlines. We introduce tour planning which allows to plan vehicle trajectory for several travels through the rescue center to put casualties into safety. We model the “as fast as possible” requirement through two elements: (i) a deadline, i.e. the time before which someone has to get rescued, is associated with every demand, (ii) the objective function to minimize is the Flow-time, i.e. the sum over each victim of the period during which it was not into safety. We created a set of various graphs in order to evaluate our results varying size of the problem, temporal constraint parameter and capacity constraint parameter in order to observe the evolution of the model towards different kinds of problems. We express the problem as a MILP, which provides the optimal solution on reasonable instance size problems thanks to MILP solvers. Since finding the optimal solution in real-time will not be possible with MILP solver, we also propose and compare different heuristics algorithms. The results show that the heuristics results are close to the optimal solution given by the resolution using Linear programming formulation on small instances. The Best Flow-time Insertion algorithm shows better results than the other heuristics developed in this article for every problem size and it is the closest from optimal results for small size problems.

Published
2020

30. Know Your Customer: Opening a New Bank Account Online Using UAAF

Author

Francois Barrere, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Rémi Venant, Romain Laborde, Samer Wazan, David W. Chadwick, Arnaud Oglaza, Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), University of Kent [Canterbury], Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Privacy by Design, Know your customer, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Verifiable credentials, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), Federated Identity Management, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Authentication, QA76.76, Authorization, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, FIDO UAF, Digital identity, Identity (object-oriented programming), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Know Your Customer, computer
Abstract

International audience; Universal Authentication and Authorization Framework is a user-centric, privacy by design and decentralized system that allows anyone to easily benefit from a reliable digital identity made of multi-purpose and multi-origin attributes. In this article, we present the implementation of this framework in the context of online banking. We demonstrate how it can facilitate enforcing Know Your Customer when opening a new bank account online by allowing users to combine verifiable identity attributes issued by different organizations.

Published
2020

32. Improved Identity Management with Verifiable Credentials and FIDO

Author

Rémi Venant, Samer Wazan, Romain Laborde, David W. Chadwick, Arnaud Oglaza, Manreet Nijjar, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE), Zayed University - ZU (UNITED ARAB EMIRATES), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), University of Kent [Canterbury], Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), Zayed University, and Barts Health NHS Trust [London, UK]

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Decentralized control, Authorzation, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Fingerprint recognition, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Identity management, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, Management of Technology and Innovation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Strong authentication, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Protocol (object-oriented programming), Password, Patient monitoring, Authentication, QA76.76, Identity management systems, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, 3. Good health, Mobile handsets, Mobile phone, Medical devices, Verifiable secret sharing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], W3C, Law, computer, Biomedical monitoring
Abstract

International audience; We describe how FIDO and W3C VCs can overcome the problems of existing identity management systems. We describe our conceptual model and architecture, and the protocol we used by extending FIDO's UAF in order to provide both strong authentication and strong authorization. We built a pilot implementation for U.K. NHS patients to validate our implementation. Patients were able to use a mobile phone with a fingerprint reader to access restricted NHS sites in order to make and cancel appointments and order repeat prescription drugs. Our initial user trials with 10 U.K. NHS patients found the system to be easy to use, and fingerprints to be preferable to using usernames and passwords for authentication.

Published
2019

33. Leveraging utilization as performance metric for CDN enabled energy efficient internet of things

Author

Saiful Islam, Mohsen Guizani, Hasan Ali Khattak, Jean-Marc Pierson, Ikram Ud Din, Mansour Zuair, Ahmad Almogren, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology - CIIT (PAKISTAN), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (PAKISTAN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), King Saud University - KSU (SAUDI ARABIA), Qatar University (QATAR), University of Haripur (PAKISTAN), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (Pakistan), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology [Islamabad] (CIIT), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), and Qatar University

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Dynamic energy, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, CDN utility, CDN utilization, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Authentication, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Condensed Matter Physics, Systèmes embarqués, 0104 chemical sciences, Content distribution, Metric (mathematics), CDN Security, Content Distribution Networks, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Internet of Things, Performance metric, Confidentiality, Efficient energy use, Computer network
Abstract

The exponential increase in the Internet of Things (IoT) has drastically augmented the need for computing and storage resources. IoT devices generate massive data that requires to be efficiently stored and disseminated for further processing and decision making. Given this, Content Distribution Networks (CDN) play a vital role to store and serve contents through geographically distributed surrogate servers in an IoT environment. Thanks to the explosive rise in IoT devices, CDN installations are also significantly increasing, hence, consuming a substantial amount of energy. The dynamic energy consumption of CDN resources is proportional to their utilization. Therefore, it is very crucial to design and develop utilization aware policies and strategies for sustainable content distribution. In the literature, different approaches have been proposed to improve the CDN performance by improving CDN utility in terms of security, authentication, and confidentiality, etc. Whereas, these works largely neglect the efficient utilization of CDN resources. In this perspective, this paper investigates the fact that CDN utility does not reflect the utilization of CDN resources. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis is performed by comparing both metrics - CDN utility and CDN utilization, under various CDN scenarios. The results show that CDN utilization exhibits lower values even if the CDN utility is showing promising results. Hence, we recommend to consider utilization as a major metric to evaluate the performance of a CDN policy. - 2019 Elsevier Ltd The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research,King Saud University for funding through Vice Deanship of Scien-tific Research Chairs. Scopus

Published
2019

34. Network Lifetime Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

Author

Adrien van den Bossche, Thierry Val, Ahmed Zouinkhi, Mohamed Naceur Abdelkrim, Hayfa Ayadi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université de Gabès (TUNISIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Modélisation, Analyse et Commande de Systèmes - MACS (Gabès, Tunisie), Université de Gabès, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 03 medical and health sciences, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Auto-adaptation, IOT, Energy, business.industry, Node (networking), 802.15.4, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Energy consumption, Systèmes embarqués, WSN, 030104 developmental biology, Transmission (telecommunications), Duty cycle, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Wireless sensor network, Energy (signal processing), Computer network
Abstract

International audience; The energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) stills a very interesting challenge in both the industrial and the research field. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is an excellent result of the collaboration between these both fields in order to well managing the energy consumed in the node by controlling its duty cycle. It presents the most efficient standards for low energy consumption that is why it is considered as the main technology for the Internet of Thing (IoT). Our work consists mainly of validating through an experimental testbed the two methods proposed. The first approach proposed is about computing the energy consumed by the node in its different transmission states with more efficiency. Although, the second approach deals with computing its most convenable duty cycle basing on the remaining energy in the battery of the node which presents a very interesting issue for the energy consumption in wireless communication.

Published
2018

35. Dynamic security management driven by situations: An Exploratory analysis of logs for the identification of security situations

Author

Francois Barrere, Darine Rammal, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Arnaud Oglaza, Romain Laborde, Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Situation awareness, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Complex event processing, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Security policy, Task (project management), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], loC, Architectures Matérielles, Order (exchange), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Security management, Abstraction (linguistics), 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, CEP, Security situation, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Identification (information), APT, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, SoC, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, SIEM
Abstract

International audience; Situation awareness consists of "the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future". Being aware of the security situation is then mandatory to launch proper security reactions in response to cybersecurity attacks. Security Incident and Event Management solutions are deployed within Security Operation Centers. Some vendors propose machine learning based approaches to detect intrusions by analysing networks behaviours. But cyberattacks like Wannacry and NotPetya, which shut down hundreds of thousands of computers, demonstrated that networks monitoring and surveillance solutions remain insufficient. Detecting these complex attacks (a.k.a. Advanced Persistent Threats) requires security administrators to retain a large number of logs just in case problems are detected and involve the investigation of past security events. This approach generates massive data that have to be analysed at the right time in order to detect any accidental or caused incident. In the same time, security administrators are not yet seasoned to such a task and lack the desired skills in data science. As a consequence, a large amount of data is available and still remains unexplored which leaves number of indicators of compromise under the radar. Building on the concept of situation awareness, we developed a situation-driven framework, called dynSMAUG, for dynamic security management. This approach simplifies the security management of dynamic systems and allows the specification of security policies at a high-level of abstraction (close to security requirements). This invited paper aims at exposing real security situations elicitation, coming from networks security experts, and showing the results of exploratory analysis techniques using complex event processing techniques to identify and extract security situations from a large volume of logs. The results contributed to the extension of the dynSMAUG solution.

Published
2019

36. Comparing energy-aware vs. cost-aware data replication strategy

Author

Riad Mokadem, Morgan Seguela, Jean-Marc Pierson, Optimisation Dynamique de Requêtes Réparties à grande échelle (IRIT-PYRAMIDE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Profit (accounting), Computer science, Reliability (computer networking), Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Energy consumption, Systèmes embarqués, Risk analysis (engineering), Carbon footprint, Data Replication, Profit, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Cloud, Access time, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

International audience; The sharp increase of the overall data amount makes their access and processing harder. Data replication is a well known technique that helps to decrease access time and improve reliability. In the context of Cloud Databases, most of data replication strategies do not answer simultaneously to performance and provider's profit with an awareness on energy consumption. In this paper, we compare different data replication strategies. Some of them intend to reduce the overall energy consumption when others intend to maximize the profit. We highlight that very few data replication strategies Figure out simultaneously solutions for those issues even if there is a high demand from industries to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint. We finally analyse why and how the race for profit and energy savings should be researched together.

Published
2019

37. 3D Node Deployment Strategies Prediction in Wireless Sensors Network

Author

Nejah Nasri, Thierry Val, Sami Mnasri, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), Université de Sfax (TUNISIA), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Optimization, Node deployment, Coverage, Computer science, Distributed computing, Système d'exploitation, 02 engineering and technology, Design objective, Indoor Environments, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Focus (computing), Connectivity, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Ranging, 15. Life on land, Systèmes embarqués, Variety (cybernetics), Energy consumption, Software deployment, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Wireless Sensor Networks, business, Wireless sensor network
Abstract

International audience; 3D Deployment represents a fundamental role in setting up an efficient wireless sensor network (WSNs) and IoT network. In general, WSN are widely used in a variety of applications ranging from monitoring a smart house to monitoring forest fires with parachuted sensors. In this paper, we focus on planned 3D deployment, which the sensor nodes must be accurately positioned at predetermined locations to optimize one or more design objectives under some given constraints. The purpose of planned deployment is to determine the type, number, and locations of nodes to optimize coverage, connectivity and network lifetime. There have been a large number of studies, which proposed algorithms for solving the premeditated 3D deployment problem. The objective of this paper is twofold. The first one is to present the complexity of 3D deployment and then detail the types of sensors, objectives, applications and recent research that concerns the strategy used to solve this problem. The second one is to present a comparative survey between recent optimization approaches used to resolve the deployment problem in WSN. Based on our extensive review, we discuss the strengths and limitations of each proposed solutions and compare them in terms of the WSN design factors.

Published
2019

38. Advances in memory forensics

Author

Pagani, Fabio, Pagani, Fabio, Eurecom [Sophia Antipolis], Sorbonne Université, and Davide Balzarotti

Subjects
Memory forensics, Forensique, [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Système d'exploitation, Memory dump, Sécurité, Dump de mémoire, Memory analysis, Analyse forensique de la mémoire
Abstract

The adoption of memory forensics - the art of extracting artifacts from the volatile memory of a compromised system - is spreading in cyber-security investigations. The main reason of this enthusiasm comes from the fact that many artifacts can not be found elsewhere. In this way, the forensics analysts can gain the big picture over a malicious behavior. Nevertheless, memory forensics is less than two decades old: many challenges are unsolved and many questions are unanswered. This thesis gives a new perspective over three of these problems. The first contribution studies the effects non-atomic acquisition methods. The root cause of this problem is quite straightforward to explain: while the memory is acquired, user and kernel processes are running and therefore modifying the content of the memory. For this reason, the resulting memory dump does not represent the state of the memory in a given point in time, but rather a mix of multiple points. The second contribution focus on automatically extracting a forensics profile from a memory dump. Having a valid profile is a strong requirement for memory analysis because without one any structured memory forensics technique can be applied. Therefore, this problem effectively prevents memory forensics to be applied in those scenarios where creating a profile is harder -- if not impossible. The third and last contribution of this thesis aims to change how forensics rules, better known as plugins, are created. Nowadays, these rules are manually written by kernel experts and forensics practitioners. Unfortunately, this manual approach does not have any guarantee on the quality or on the uniqueness of these rules.; L'adoption de la memory forensics - l'art d'extraire artefacts de la mémoire volatile d'un système compromis - est propagation dans les enquêtes de cybersécurité. De cette façon, les analystes en memory forensics peuvent gagner la grande image sur un comportement malveillant. Néanmoins, memory forensics a moins de deux décennies: de nombreux défis sont non résolus. Cette thèse donne une nouvelle perspective sur trois de ces problèmes. La première contribution étudie les effets non atomiques méthodes d'acquisition. La cause première de ce problème est que pendant la mémoire est acquise, l'utilisateur et les processus du noyau sont en cours d’exécution et modifient donc le contenu de la mémoire. Pour cette raison, la mémoire résultante le vidage ne représente pas l'état de la mémoire en un point donné dans le temps, mais plutôt un mélange de plusieurs points. La deuxième contribution se concentre sur l'extraction automatique d'un profil de forensics à partir d'un vidage de la mémoire. Avoir un profil valide est une exigence forte pour l'analyse de la mémoire, car sans aucun technique de forensics de la mémoire structurée peut être appliquée. Donc, ce problème empêche efficacement l'application de l'investigation judiciaire sur la mémoire dans les scénarios où la création d'un profil est plus difficile. La troisième et dernière contribution de cette thèse vise à changer la manière dont les règles de forensics, mieux connues sous le nom de plugins, sont créées. De nos jours, ces règles sont écrites manuellement par le noyau experts et praticiens de memory forensics. Malheureusement, cette approche n’a aucune garantie sur la qualité ni sur le l'unicité de ces règles.

Published
2019

39. Performance analysis of space-time priority queues

Author

Dieter Fiems, Urtzi Ayesta, C. Carballo-Lozano, Deusto Institute of Technology (DeustoTech), University of Deusto, Universidad de Deusto (DEUSTO), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing (TELIN/UGent), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universiteit Gent - UGENT (BELGIUM), Universidad de Deusto (SPAIN), University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU (SPAIN), and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Finite buffer, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Blocking (statistics), 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Priority queue, Modelling and Simulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Blocking probability, 0101 mathematics, Queue, Event (probability theory), Queueing theory, Network packet, business.industry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Performance analysis, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Hardware and Architecture, Modeling and Simulation, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Software, Degradation (telecommunications), Computer network
Abstract

International audience; Depending on the application level quality requirements, packets on the Internet can broadly be classified into two classes: Streaming (S) and Elastic (E). Streaming packets require low delays, but can tolerate packet losses without degrading the user level performance. Elastic traffic has less stringent delay demands, but its performance is very sensitive to packet losses, since the latter trigger costly packet recovery mechanisms. In this paper, we analyze a space–time priority queue (STPQ), a queueing discipline that can satisfy the performance criterion of both classes. Streaming packets get time priority, i.e., they are served with priority over elastic packets, while elastic packets get space priority, i.e., in the event the buffer is full, the arrival of an elastic packet will trigger, with probability , the push-out from the queue of a streaming packet. In our main analytical result, we have developed efficient algorithms to compute the steady-state probabilities and the mean delay of STPQ. We have also analyzed the queue in the light-traffic regime, which allows us to derive a closed-form approximation. Numerical results illustrate that the STPQ can provide a low delay to streaming packets without significant degradation of the blocking probability of elastic packets.

Published
2019

40. Traffic Monitoring on City Roads Using UAVs

Author

Hanen Idoudi, Mouna Elloumi, Riadh Dhaou, Leila Azouz Saidane, Benoit Escrig, Andrei Fer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique - ENSI (TUNISIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Military Technical Academy (ROMANIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)

Subjects
Computer science, Learning strategy, 010401 analytical chemistry, Real-time computing, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Energy consumption, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE, Systèmes embarqués, Traffic monitoring, 0104 chemical sciences, Traffic regulation, Architectures Matérielles, Range (aeronautics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Events detection process, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, Unmanned Areal Vehicles (UAVs), Road traffic, UAVs tra jectories
Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) based systems are a suitable solution for monitoring, more particularly for traffic monitoring. The mobility, the low cost, and the broad view range of UAVs make them an attractive solution for traffic monitoring of city roads. UAVs are used to collect and send information about vehicles and unusual events to a traffic processing center, for traffic regulation. Existing UAVs based systems use only one UAV with a fixed trajectory. In this paper, we are using multiple cooperative UAVs to monitor the road traffic. This approach is based on adaptive UAVs trajectories, adjusted by moving points in UAVs fields of views. We introduced a learning phase to search for events locations with a frequent occurrence and to place UAVs above those locations. Our approach allows the detection of a lot of events and permits the reduction of UAVs energy consumption.

Published
2019

41. Drowsy-DC: Data center power management system

Author

Daniel Hagimont, Willy Zwaenepoel, Grégoire Todeschi, Mathieu Bacou, Baptiste Lepers, Alain Tchana, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL (SWITZERLAND), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Long lived mostly idle, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Idle, low-power state, Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, long-lived mostly idle, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Overhead (computing), Power management system, business.industry, power consumption, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020207 software engineering, Energy consumption, virtualization, Systèmes embarqués, Low power state, Virtual machine, Power consumption, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Data center, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, consolidation, computer, Consolidation, Efficient energy use
Abstract

National audience; In a modern data center (DC), a large majority of costs arise from energy consumption. The most popular technique used to mitigate this issue is virtualization and more precisely virtual machine (VM) consolidation. Although consolidation may increase server usage by about 5-10%, it is difficult to actually witness server loads greater than 50%. By analyzing the traces from our cloud provider partner, confirmed by previous research work, we have identified that some VMs have sporadic moments of data computation followed by large periods of idleness. These VMs often hinder the consolidation system which cannot further increase the energy efficiency of the DC. In this paper we propose a novel DC power management system called Drowsy-DC, which is able to identify the aforementioned VMs which have matching patterns of idleness. These VMs can thus be colocated on the same server so that their idle periods are exploited to put the server to a low power mode (suspend to RAM) until some data computation is required. While introducing a negligible overhead, our system is able to significantly improve any VM consolidation system; evaluations showed improvements up to 81% and more when compared to OpenStack Neat.

Published
2019

42. Energy monitoring as an essential building block towards sustainable ultrascale systems

Author

Jorge G. Barbosa, Manuel F. Dolz, Marcos Dias De Assuncao, Helen D. Karatza, Ivona Brandic, Jean-Marc Pierson, Georges Da Costa, Francisco Almeida, Ilias Mavridis, Vicente Blanco, Ariel Oleksiak, Anne C. Elster, Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, Mateusz Jarus, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms (AVALON), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] (LIACC), Universidade do Porto, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Department of Electronic Systems [Trondheim] (IES NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Poznan University of Technology (PUT), Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems (MYRIADS), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE (IRISA-D1), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nesus European COST Action IC1305European Commission under contract 288701 through the project CoolEmAlFrench Fonds national pour la Societe Numerique (FSN) XLCloudGrid5000FWF through project Y 904 START-Program 2015, Grid5000, Avalon, Myriads, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Faculdade de Engenharia, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GREECE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes - INSA (FRANCE), Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (NORWAY), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Université de Bretagne Sud - UBS (FRANCE), Universität Wien (AUSTRIA), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid - UC3M (SPAIN), Universidad de La Laguna - ULL (SPAIN), Universidade do Porto - UP (PORTUGAL), Université de Rennes 1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires - IRISA (Rennes, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Universidad de La Laguna ( ULL ), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms ( AVALON ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] ( LIACC ), University of Porto, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] ( TU WIEN ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid], Department of Electronics and Telecommunications [Norwegian University of Science and Technology], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] ( NTNU ), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center ( PSNC ), Poznan University of Technology, Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems ( MYRIADS ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE ( IRISA_D1 ), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Ultra large-scale systems, Monitoring, General Computer Science, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020209 energy, energy-efficiency, Big data, Ultra-large-scale systems, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática [Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias], 02 engineering and technology, Bottleneck, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [ INFO.INFO-DC ] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Architectures Matérielles, Computer engineering, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, energy-awareness, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Simulation, Block (data storage), Energy-efficiency, business.industry, Information and Computer Science, Systèmes embarqués, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering [Engineering and technology], monitoring, Engenharia de computadores, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática, Risk analysis (engineering), Information technology management, Sustainability, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], business, Energy-awareness, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; An Ultrascale System (USS) joins parallel and distributed computing systems that will be two to three orders of magnitude larger than today's infrastructure regarding scale, performance, the number of components and their complexity. For such systems to become a reality, however, advances must be made in High Performance Computing (HPC), large-scale distributed systems, and big data solutions, also tackling challenges such as improving the energy efficiency of the IT infrastructure. Monitoring the power consumed by underlying IT resources is essential towards optimising the manner IT resources are used and hence improve the sustainability of such systems. Nevertheless, monitoring the energy consumed by USSs is a challenging endeavour as the system can comprise thousands of heterogeneous server resources spanning multiple data centres. Moreover, the amount of monitoring data, its gathering, and processing , should never become a bottleneck nor profoundly impact the energy efficiency of the overall system. This work surveys state of the art on energy monitoring of large-scale systems and methodologies for monitoring the power consumed by large systems and discusses some of the challenges to be addressed towards monitoring and improving the energy efficiency of USSs. Next, we present efforts made on designing monitoring solutions. Finally, we discuss potential gaps in existing solutions when tackling emerging large-scale monitoring scenarios and present some directions for future research on the topic.

Published
2018

43. Interactions and Influence of World Painters From the Reduced Google Matrix of Wikipedia Networks

Author

Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Dima L. Shepelyansky, Klaus M. Frahm, Samer El Zant, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Information et Chaos Quantiques (LPT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-13-CHR2-0002,MACACO,Mise en cache mobile s'adaptant au contexte pour la mise en réseau centrée sur le contenue(2013), ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, General Computer Science, Computer science, Big data, Système d'exploitation, FOS: Physical sciences, Réseaux et télécommunications, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Architectures Matérielles, 0103 physical sciences, Web page, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Structure (mathematical logic), Painting, Information retrieval, Markov chains, Google matrix, business.industry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SOC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Physics and Society [physics.soc-ph], General Engineering, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Systèmes embarqués, Encyclopedia, Electronic publishing, The Internet, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Wikipedia networks
Abstract

This study concentrates on extracting painting art history knowledge from the network structure of Wikipedia. Therefore, we construct theoretical networks of webpages representing the hyper-linked structure of articles of 7 Wikipedia language editions. These 7 networks are analyzed to extract the most influential painters in each edition using Google matrix theory. Importance of webpages of over 3000 painters are measured using PageRank algorithm. The most influential painters are enlisted and their ties are studied with the reduced Google matrix analysis. Reduced Google Matrix is a powerful method that captures both direct and hidden interactions between a subset of selected nodes taking into account the indirect links between these nodes via the remaining part of large global network. This method originates from the scattering theory of nuclear and mesoscopic physics and field of quantum chaos. From this study, we show that it is possible to extract from the components of the reduced Google matrix meaningful information on the ties between these painters. For instance, our analysis groups together painters that belong to the same painting movement and shows meaningful ties between painters of different movements. We also determine the influence of painters on world countries using link sensitivity between Wikipedia articles of painters and countries. The reduced Google matrix approach allows to obtain a balanced view of various cultural opinions of Wikipedia language editions. The world countries with the largest number of top painters of selected 7 Wikipedia editions are found to be Italy, France, Russia. We argue that this approach gives meaningful information about art and that it could be a part of extensive network analysis on human knowledge and cultures., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to IEEE Access

Published
2018

44. Comparative Analysis of Ranging Protocols for Localization by UWB in Outdoor

Author

Bouya Diop, Salick Diagne, Abdou Karim Farota, Thierry Val, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’atmosphère et des Océans (LSAO), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal (UGB), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis - UGB (SENEGAL), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, ToF, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Ultra-wideband, 02 engineering and technology, Field (computer science), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], UWB, Outdoor location, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, DecaWiNo, TWR, Ranging, business.industry, Process (computing), Skew, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Actuator, business, Wireless sensor network
Abstract

International audience; The rapid evolution of technology in the field of wireless telecommunications and micro components using MEMS technologies (Micro-electromechanical systems) has contributed to the expansion and rapid development of wireless sensor networks (WSN). This rapid development has contributed to the appearance of sensor and actuator networks (WSAN) or even to the Internet of Things with DL_IoT (Device Layer-Internet of Things). This rapid evolution of WSN is due to the enthusiasm generated by this last in industry and research. This new technology is used in several applications, particularly in the outdoor location of communicating nodes. The process of distance calculation between nodes (ranging) is a primordial phase for a precise location of these nodes. This paper presents the result of measurements do with three ranging protocols (TWR, TWR_Skew and SDS-TWR) implemented on DecaWiNo nodes. DecaWiNo nodes use the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) radio links, proposed by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard amendment of the year 2007, which provides a high performance ranging by ToF (Time of Flight). The results are very promising with precision errors of the order of 50 cm over 20 meters.

Published
2018

45. Breeding practices and morphometric indicators of the dairy performance of Kouri cattle according to farmers in Niger

Author

I. Adamou Karimou, M. Issa, H. Abdou, S. Malam Bako, and H. Marichatou

Subjects
bovin Kouri, vache laitière, food and beverages, système d’exploitation, comportement culturel, Niger, SF1-1100, aptitude laitière, Animal culture
Abstract

In the Diffa region of Niger, a survey was carried out in 140 farms to analyze the breeding practices and dairy perfor­mance of Kouri cattle. In addition, morphometric traits that were indicators of dairy performance according to the farmers were documented. Most of the herders were sedentary and the majority of herds were medium-sized (36 ± 30 head per farm). For cows with the most recent complete lactations, milk pro­duction per cow was on average 2.7 ± 1.4 liters per day for an average lactation duration of 7.2 ± 2.8 months. For cows considered as the best dairy cows, milk production per cow was 4.2 ± 1.5 liters per day for an average lactation duration of 8.9 ± 2.7 months. Although breeding practices were similar for many aspects in the different ethnic groups, morphomet­ric selection criteria for Kouri dairy cows varied according to the ethnic group. The phenotypic characteristics thus associ­ated with the Kouri breed in the identified ethnic groups were mainly the pelvic length, chest width, teat length, withers height, and tail length. It is important to consider endogenous knowledge of genetic improvement because the morphomet­ric parameters identified in this study as performance indica­tors were not unanimously accepted within the ethnic groups.

Published
2017

46. Multi-cultural Wikipedia mining of geopolitics interactions leveraging reduced Google matrix analysis

Author

Samer El Zant, Klaus M. Frahm, Dima L. Shepelyansky, Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Information et Chaos Quantiques (LPT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), CNRS MASTODONS project APLIGOOGLE 2016, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Physics - Physics and Society, Wikipedia network, Relation (database), media_common.quotation_subject, Système d'exploitation, FOS: Physical sciences, Réseaux et télécommunications, General Physics and Astronomy, World history, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Geopolitics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Politics, Architectures Matérielles, 0103 physical sciences, Web page, 010306 general physics, media_common, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), International relations, Physics, Markov chains, Google matrix, Geopolitical interactions of countries, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, geopolitical relations, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Systèmes embarqués, Data science, directed networks, Multiculturalism, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD), Wikipedia
Abstract

Geopolitics focuses on political power in relation to geographic space. Interactions among world countries have been widely studied at various scales, observing economic exchanges, world history or international politics among others. This work exhibits the potential of Wikipedia mining for such studies. Indeed, Wikipedia stores valuable fine-grained dependencies among countries by linking webpages together for diverse types of interactions (not only related to economical, political or historical facts). We mine herein the Wikipedia networks of several language editions using the recently proposed method of reduced Google matrix analysis. This approach allows to establish direct and hidden links between a subset of nodes that belong to a much larger directed network. Our study concentrates on 40 major countries chosen worldwide. Our aim is to offer a multicultural perspective on their interactions by comparing networks extracted from five different Wikipedia language editions, emphasizing English, Russian and Arabic ones. We demonstrate that this approach allows to recover meaningful direct and hidden links among the 40 countries of interest., Comment: 12 Pages, 6 figures, final version with slight modifications, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.01948

Published
2017

47. Spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling for homogeneous high-performance computing datacenters

Author

Patricia Stolf, Hongyang Sun, Jean-Marc Pierson, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Optimisation des ressources : modèles, algorithmes et ordonnancement (ROMA), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), European Project: 288701,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-7,COOLEMALL(2011), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - ENS de Lyon (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, 02 engineering and technology, Scheduling (computing), Spatio-temporal correlation, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Resource management, DVFS, Frequency scaling, HPC datacenters, 020203 distributed computing, Makespan, Job shop scheduling, Heuristic, Energy consumption, Thermal model, Supercomputer, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Homogeneous, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Software, Thermal-aware scheduling
Abstract

Datacenters have become an important part of todays computing infrastructure. Recent studies have shown the increasing importance of thermal considerations to achieve effective resource management. In this paper, we study thermal-aware scheduling for homogeneous high-performance computing (HPC) datacenters under a thermal model that captures both spatial and temporal correlations of the temperature evolution. We propose an online scheduling heuristic to minimize the makespan for a set of HPC applications subject to a thermal constraint. The heuristic leverages the novel notion of thermal-aware load to perform both job assignment and thermal management. To respect the temperature constraint, which is governed by a complex spatio-temporal thermal correlation, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is used to regulate the job executions during runtime while dynamically balancing the loads of the servers to improve makespan. Extensive simulations are conducted based on an experimentally validated datacenter configuration and realistic parameter settings. The results show improved performance of the proposed heuristic compared to existing solutions in the literature, and demonstrate the importance of both spatial and temporal considerations. In contrast to some scheduling problems, where DVFS introduces performanceenergy tradeoffs, our findings reveal the benefit of applying DVFS with both performance and energy gains in the context of spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling. Thermal model capturing both spatial and temporal temperature correlations in datacenters.Formulation of a spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling problem for HPC applications.Scheduling heuristic using thermal-aware load for job assignment and thermal management.Simulations to show the effectiveness of heuristic under a wide range of parameters.

Published
2017

48. Everything You Should Know About Intel SGX Performance on Virtualized Systems

Author

Alain Tchana, Stella Bitchebe, Bao Bui, Tu Dinh Ngoc, Daniel Hagimont, Valerio Schiavoni, Pascal Felber, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Université de Neuchâtel (SWITZERLAND)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Performance, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Cloud computing, Trusted hardware, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, 0103 physical sciences, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Intel SGX, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Block (data storage), 010302 applied physics, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; Intel SGX has attracted much attention from academia and is already powering commercial applications. Cloud providers have also started implementing SGX in their cloud offerings. Research efforts on Intel SGX so far have mainly concentrated on its security and programmability. However, no work has studied in detail the performance degradation caused by SGX in virtualized systems. Such settings are particularly important, considering that virtualization is the de facto building block of cloud infrastructure, yet often comes with a performance impact. This paper presents for the first time a detailed performance analysis of Intel SGX in a virtualized system in comparison with a bare-metal system. Based on our findings, we identify several optimization strategies that would improve the performance of Intel SGX on such systems.

Published
2019

49. Nested Virtualization Without the Nest

Author

Alain Tchana, Grégoire Todeschi, Daniel Hagimont, Mathieu Bacou, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Nested virtualization, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Network virtualization, Cloud computing, Network, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Container, 020203 distributed computing, Network packet, business.industry, Fragmentation (computing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Orchestrator, Systèmes embarqués, Software deployment, Virtual machine, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer
Abstract

International audience; With the increasing popularity of containers, managing them on top of virtual machines becomes a common practice, called nested virtualization. This paper presents BrFusion and Hostlo, two solutions that address each of two networking issues of nested virtualization: network virtualization duplication and virtual machine-bounded pod deployments. The first issue lengthens network packet paths while the second issue leads to resource fragmentation. For instance, in respect with the first issue, we measured a throughput degradation of about 68% and a latency increase of about 31% in comparison with a single networking layer. We prototype BrFusion and Hostlo in Linux KVM/QEMU, Docker and Kubernetes systems. The evaluation results show that BrFusion leads to the same performance as a single-layer virtualization deployment. Concerning Hostlo, the results show that more than 11% of cloud clients see their cloud utilization cost reduced by down to 40%.

Published
2019

50. A new multi-agent particle swarm algorithm based on birds accents for the 3D indoor deployment problem

Author

Nejah Nasri, Sami Mnasri, Adrien van den Bossche, Thierry Val, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), Université de Sfax (TUNISIA), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Analyse et Commande des Systèmes (LACS), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Evolutionary algorithm, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning, Many-objective optimization, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Local optimum, Architectures Matérielles, Stress (linguistics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Cluster Analysis, Instrumentation, Multi-agent, education.field_of_study, 3D indoor deployment, Behavior, Animal, Applied Mathematics, Particle swarm optimization, Systèmes embarqués, Computer Science Applications, Algorithms, Experimental validation, Population, Système d'exploitation, Context (language use), Machine learning, Birds, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Cluster (physics), Animals, Computer Simulation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, education, Ecosystem, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, DL-IoT collection networks, Reproducibility of Results, Informatique et langage, Models, Theoretical, Control and Systems Engineering, Software deployment, Artificial intelligence, Vocalization, Animal, business, computer, Accent based PSO, Software
Abstract

International audience; The 3D indoor deployment of sensor nodes is a complex real world problem, proven to be NP-hard and difficult to resolve using classical methods. In this context, we propose a hybrid approach relying on a novel bird's accent-based many objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (named acMaPSO) to resolve the problem of 3D indoor deployment on the Internet of Things collection networks. The new concept of bird's accent is presented to assess the search ability of particles in their local areas. To conserve the diversity of the population during searching, particles are separated into different accent groups by their regional habitation and are classified into different categories of birds/particles in each cluster according to their common manner of singing. A particle in an accent-group can select other particles as its neighbors from its group or from other groups (which sing differently) if the selected particles have the same expertise in singing or are less experienced compared to this particle. To allow the search escaping from local optima, the most expert particles (parents) ''die'' and are regularly replaced by a novice (newborn) randomly generated ones. Moreover, the hybridization of the proposed acMaPSO algorithm with multi-agent systems is suggested. The new variant (named acMaMaPSO) takes advantage of the distribution and interactivity of particle agents. Experimental, numerical and statistical found results show the effectiveness of the two proposed variants compared to different other recent state-of-the-art of many-objective evolutionary algorithms.

Published
2019

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