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Monika Szewc,1,* Piotr Gawlik,2,* Remigiusz Å»ebrowski,2 Robert Sitarz1,2 1Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Department of Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Robert SitarzDepartment of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Str. 4, 20-091, Lublin, PolandTel +48 81 454 1131Fax +48 81 532 23 95Email r.sitarz@umlub.plAbstract: Lipoma belongs to a group of benign mesenchymal tumors. It is in the form of soft masses of adipose tissue encapsulated by a thin layer of fibrous tissue and usually localized subcutaneously. The tumor most often appears in the upper part of the body. Lipomas tend to grow slowly and are small (less than 5cm) lesions. Larger tumors are rare. In this article, we present the case of a patient with a giant head lipoma in the fronto-temporo-parietal region. Both tumor size and location are unique and no such case has been described in the literature so far.Keywords: giant head lipoma, benign tumor

Sebastian Radej,1 Paweł Płaza,2 Alina Olender,3 Monika Szewc,1 Krzysztof Bar,2 Ryszard Maciejewski1 1Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Urology and Urological Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 3Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, PolandCorrespondence: Sebastian RadejDepartment of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, PolandTel/Fax +4881448 6020Email sebastian.radej@umlub.plPurpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate prostate cell infiltration by CD4(+)IL-17(+) and Treg cells in BPH and PCa patients depending on P. acnes infection in the prostate gland.Patients and Methods: Prostate fragments were collected from 54 patients with PCa and 34 patients with BPH. Rapid ID 32 was used to identify the bacteria. Cells were analyzed by flow cytometry BD FACSCanto II. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 7 software (TIBCO Software Inc, USA).Results: P. acnes was detected in 35% of patients with PCa and 41% of individuals with BPH. The infiltration of CD4(+)IL-17(+) and Treg cells was statistically significantly higher (P = 0.001) in patients with BPH and positive for P. acnes. A statistically considerably higher (P = 0.001) infiltration of Treg cells in treated for PCa with P.acnes infection was also demonstrated.Conclusion: Prostatitis caused by P. acnes may contribute to the development of BPH and PCa.Keywords: P. acnes, Treg cells, Th17 cells, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer

Monika Szewc,1 Robert Sitarz,1–3 Nina Moroz,2 Ryszard Maciejewski,1,* Ryszard Wierzbicki2,4,* 1Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Department of Surgery with Trauma, Orthopaedic and Urological Subunit, Independent Public Health Care Center of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 3Department of Surgery, St John’s Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland; 4Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Madelung’s disease is a rare disorder described for the first time in the year 1846 by Brodie. It is characterized by the occurrence of progressive, excessive, and symmetrical deposits of adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer. Most often, these changes concern the neck, the nape of the neck, arms, and upper back, giving the patients a specific, pseudoathletic appearance. Madelung’s disease is also known as multiple symmetrical lipomatosis, benign symmetrical lipomatosis, and Launois-Bensaude syndrome. The most commonly affected ones are men who drink alcohol in excessive amounts. The fat masses emerging in the course of the disease are painless but can lead to adverse repercussions. Patients may experience dysphagia, dysphonia, difficulty in breathing, and limited mobility of the neck. The reasons for the willingness to take up treatment are also often esthetic reasons. The disease is usually accompanied by numerous metabolic disorders. The etiology of the disease has not been sufficiently explained so far, which creates diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Currently used treatment is limited to surgical resection of the resulting lesions or liposuction. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these activities is limited. Most patients experience recurrence after treatment. This paper discusses the essence of Madelung’s disease, numerous aspects of etiology, the manner of diagnosis, and treatment based on current literature data. Keywords: Madelung’s disease, lipomatosis, multiple symmetrical