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Background: Cats are hosts and reservoirs for many haemopathogens such as piroplasms, Rickettsia, hemotropic Mycoplasma, Bartonella, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma, which are transmitted by various vector arthropods and some of which have a zoonotic concern. Although it is noteworthy that the rate of ownership of companion animals has increased in Türkiye in recent years and that cats account for a large proportion of these animals, there is limited research on the vector-borne infectious agents carried by them. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive molecular epidemiological data and molecular characterization of feline vector-borne haemopathogens (FVBHs), including piroplasms, anaplasmataceae, rickettsias, haemoplasmas, and Bartonella species in Türkiye. In total, 250 feline blood samples were collected from client-owned cats (n = 203) and shelter cats (n = 47) brought to the Small Animal Hospital of Selcuk University, Veterinary Faculty. Results: Overall, 40 (16%) cats were found to be infected with at least one of the investigated haemopathogens and piroplasm, Mycoplasma spp. and Bartonella spp. prevalence was 1.6%, 11.2%, and 4.8%, respectively. No Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. and Rickettsia spp. DNA was detected in the investigated feline samples. Sequence analysis revealed that all four piroplasms belonged to Babesia ovis with a 97.93–99.82% nucleotide sequence identity to 18S rRNA gene sequences from Spain and Türkiye, while some sequenced hemoplasmas were Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) and Mycoplasma wenyonii, and Bartonella spp. were Bartonella henselae and Bartonella koehlerae species. Co-infections with Mycoplasma spp. and Bartonella spp. were also detected in 4 cats (1.6%) in this study, where single infections were predominant. Conclusion: This study provides valuable information on zoonotically important feline vector-borne hemopathogens in Türkiye, some of which have received attention under the One Health perspective, and is the first molecular epidemiological study to demonstrate the presence of Babesia ovis, the causative agent of ovine babesiosis, and Mycoplasma wenyonii DNA, the causative agent of bovine haemotropic mycoplasmosis, in cats. Further studies on the roles of such pathogens detected in unspecific hosts and the host specificity of the vectors that transmit them will contribute to the elucidation of this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the world, there is a general increase in sea surface temperatures with higher values reaching in enclosed seas. Türkiye is surrounded by these enclosed seas, and sea surface temperatures have been measured since the 1940s. Since most of the stations contained missing data, only 23 stations were used in the study. First of all, the distribution of sea surface temperatures was determined, and then annual and monthly trends were revealed using Mann-Kendall series correlation analysis and Sen slope value. As a result of the study, it was seen that the annual average sea surface temperatures in Fethiye, Ordu, Finike, Çanakkale, Kuşadası, Sinop, Konak and Sarıyer stations have a significant increase trend. Monthly trends show different patterns depending on the seas, with increases in the Mediterranean during the beginning of summer, in the Aegean and Marmara seas during the winter, and in the Black Sea coast during the summer. The analysis shows that the rate of increase in the Mediterranean is 0.67°C/decade and 2°C/decade in the Aegean and Marmara seas and the Black Sea coast. In the Black Sea, the increase in the average maximum sea surface temperature in June at Giresun station is 4°C/decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study asserts that the secularization theory has the potential to offer insights into the processes of social change experienced by faith groups outside the modern West. The study focuses on the transformation undergone by Alevi groups in Turkey, who are now experiencing a more modern way of life compared to their past. In this qualitative study, data collection was conducted through semistructured interviews during field studies in the cities of Çorum (Turk Alevis) and Tunceli/Dersim (Zaza/Kurd Alevis). Based on the interview findings, the study concludes that the new Alevi generation leads a more modern and at the same time more secular daily life compared to their parents. Therefore, the main assertion of this research is that the classical secularization theory has the potential to provide valuable insights not only for modern societies where Christianity is dominant but also for understanding the transformations occurring within Alevi communities in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cultural beliefs significantly shape societal attitudes toward mental illness, and these social attitudes profoundly impact help-seeking behaviors. Therefore, it is important to focus on understanding and addressing these social behaviors. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic mental illness interpretations based on culture and religious beliefs on non-medical help-seeking behaviors among patients in Türkiye. Methods: The study was conducted from September to October 2023 using an inductive qualitative approach. In-depth face-to-face interviews were carried out with individuals diagnosed with chronic mental illness and their relatives, registered in a state-owned Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) in Türkiye. Using purposive sampling, 13 individuals who met the criteria were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Three main themes and eight sub-themes were identified, including the reasons for seeking non-medical help (psychological challenges, subjective norms, physical requirements), factors contributing to seeking non-medical help (predisposing factors, enabling factors, and myths), and reflections on the benefits of non-medical practices (perceived physical benefits, perceived psychological benefits). Conclusions: It was concluded that individuals with chronic mental illness and their relatives living in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye engaged in non-medical help-seeking behaviors and mostly turned to traditional religious practices. Culture and religious beliefs emerged as primary factors leading patients to seek non-medical treatment approaches. Consequently, there is a perceived need to explore non-medical alternative methods across various mental health settings and with diverse samples in future research endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article scrutinises popular convictions about Turkiye's 'bridge' status between Asia and Europe in the twenty-first century. Unlike during the Cold War, when Turkiye enjoyed geopolitical leverage due to its proximity to Europe and the Soviet Union, today's geopolitics is shaped by China's rise and the shift of commercial nodes away from the Atlantic and towards the Pacific. This renders Turkiye a peripheral actor in Asia-to-Europe commodity flows, as well as in the ongoing rivalry between Washington and Beijing. Other factors adversely affecting Turkiye's geopolitical significance include the decarbonisation process and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The European Union's declining demand for fossil fuels challenges Turkiye's ambition to become an energy corridor between Central Asia and Europe. Likewise, Turkiye's secondary role in the global supply chains for technology (semiconductors, cobalt, silicon) is undermining its bridge status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States' partnership with Syrian Kurdish groups has greatly complicated its interactions with Turkiye. While the US and Turkiye initially worked together to dislodge Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's regime, their interests diverged when countering the Islamic State (ISIS) became the main US concern and countering Kurdish autonomy Turkiye's chief aim. Over Turkish objections, the US trained and equipped Syrian Kurdish forces, which became the principal element of the Syrian Democratic Forces - the US-engineered umbrella group that was instrumental in ousting ISIS from its Syrian strongholds and continues to function as a deterrent, backstopped by a light US presence. The Turkish government would now prefer that the Assad regime re-establish its authority in northern Syria and extinguish Kurdish aspirations for autonomy. The US military presence in Syria prevents such an eventuality. If Syrian Kurds see an opportunity to advance Kurdish autonomy, tensions between the US and Turkiye in the region could significantly increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the trends in the mortality rates of the population between the ages of 0-24 in various income groups around the world in 1990 and 2021 by age groups and gender in comparison with Türkiye. It also aims to determine whether there is a significant difference in stillbirth rates between Türkiye and income groups in the last 22 years. Materials and Methods: Data on child deaths and stillbirths between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the United Nations child mortality database and analyzed by age groups <1 year, 1-4 years, 5-14 years, 15-24 years, gender and country income groups. Prism statistical analysis package program was used for comparative graphics and analysis. Results: Mortality rates in all age groups in the population aged 0-24 years are on a downward trend from 1990 to 2021. While the mortality rate at age <5 years decreased by 62% in the high-income countries group, it decreased even more in Türkiye, reaching 88%. Similarly, stillbirth rates in Türkiye decreased significantly, approaching the level of high-income countries. In 2020-2021, for the first time in Türkiye, the mortality rate in the 15-24 age group was lower than in the high-income countries group. In general, the male population has a higher mortality rate than the opposite sex across income and age groups. Conclusion: Although mortality rates between 0-24 years of age have shown a certain downward trend in each income group, the rate of mortality varies according to the income level of countries. In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in the 0-24 mortality rates in Türkiye. However, in order to further reduce these rates, countries need to improve their own access to health services and gender equitable preventive measures such as nutrition and immunization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: With growing World population, the demand for higher-yield crops becomes more evident. The genetic diversity, which is crucial for breeding superior cultivars, can be shown by using molecular techniques such as start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Aims: The motivation of this study was to unfold the genetic diversity of Turkish germplasm. Methods: Ninety-four pea samples (90 landraces, 3 pea breeding materials, and 1 registered variety), were assessed for their diversity by using SCoT markers. Key results: Eight SCoT markers produced a total of 84 scorable bands, of which 74 (88.1%) were polymorphic. There was an average of 9.25 polymorphic bands per primer. The range of diversity indices evaluated, such as polymorphism information content (0.13–0.38), effective numbers of alleles (1.22–1.69), Shannon's diversity index (0.21–0.54), and gene diversity (0.13–0.38), showed great genetic variation in the germplasm under this study. STRUCTURE algorithm suggested the presence of two populations. Polymorphism percentage was 87% and 74%, whereas fixation index was 0.21 and 0.01 for population A and population B respectively. According to analysis of molecular variance, most of the difference was found to lie within population (99%) rather than between populations (1%). In contrast, principal coordinates analysis suggested separation into three populations. Conclusions: The Nei's genetic distance of 94 Turkish pea samples revealed that Antalya_2 and Canakkale_2 are genetically the most diverse and can be utilised as parental lines for breeding purposes. Implications: The wide range of pea varieties found in the Turkish germplasm can serve as a valuable genetic resource for the overall pea breeding efforts. Ensuring universal food security is a crucial concern for all of humanity. Pea, as one of the most important legumes, faces many growing challenges in the light of changing climate, whereas growing superior cultivars is a key strategy to meet the ever-growing demands. Turkish pea germplasm encompasses a rich diversity that can be utilised in breeding programs, particularly among the more diverse samples, to generate cultivars adapted to new changing environments. This article belongs to the Collection Plant breeding- and genetics-based tools for food security under changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Violence against women has numerous devastating effects. Exposure to violence not only impacts women but also affects their children both physically and psychosocially. Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the psychosocial problems of children living with their mothers in women's shelters from the mothers' perspective with a phenomenological approach. Methods: Utilizing the phenomenological research method, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 individuals in a women's shelter in a province in northern Türkiye. The criterion sampling method, a purposive sampling technique, was employed to select participants. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed, and thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist for reporting. Results: The data analysis revealed four main categories (effects of violence on the mother, actions taken to protect children from violence, effects of violence and staying in a shelter on the child, and psychosocial needs for the protection of the child's mental health in the shelter) and 10 sub-themes (psychological effects, physical effects, social effects, domestic actions, organizational actions, psychological effects, physical effects, social effects, support system, and coping). Conclusion: The study concluded that violence significantly impacted the mental, physical, and social well-being of both women and children, posing challenges to their ability to cope with the aftermath. Women exerted considerable effort in protecting their children from violence, and they needed psychosocial support to ensure the well-being of their children's mental health during their stay in shelters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This issue of JORH focuses upon faith and health within three nations that have contributed a great deal in terms of religion and health research during this century—namely Israel, Türkiye and the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is a valuable and universally distributed resource on Earth. Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of groundwater is of utmost importance for effective management. Normally, groundwater levels are recorded at arbitrary points, but groundwater modeling requires interpolating the measured values at specific grid nodes. This study aims to dentify and evaluate the geographical variations of groundwater levels in Türkiye using three geostatistical interpolation techniques. Data from 355 groundwater wells from 1970 to 2019 were used for this purpose. In addition, an investigation of changes in annual average temperature and precipitation was conducted for two different time periods: 1985–2000 and 2001–2016. The results show an increase in the annual average temperature in Türkiye by 0.82 °C during the reference period (1985–2000). Despite regional differences in the precipitation regime, the average annual precipitation in Türkiye has not changed significantly overall. Especially in the Meriç-Ergene, Konya Closed (Konya Kapalı), and Euphrates-Tigris basins, a significant decrease in groundwater levels was observed, even though this decrease is less than 100 m in some wells. After a comprehensive analysis of all these data, possible explanations for the changes in groundwater levels were considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mineral chemistry, whole-rock geochemistry, 40Ar / 39Ar dating and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes of the Eocene Narman (Erzurum) Volcanic rocks in the southeast of the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (EPOB, NE Türkiye) were investigated. The Narman Volcanites consist of basaltic dyke, basaltic lava, and basaltic volcanic breccia facies. Volcanites contain plagioclase (An34-80), clinopyroxene (Wo38-47En41-50Fs5-18), and olivine (Fo68-90) as phenocrystals with magnetite/titanomagnetite microphenocrysts. New 40Ar-39Ar ages suggest that these volcanic rocks erupted between 44.5 ± 0.1 and 43.4 ± 0.1 Ma, within the Middle Eocene (Lutetian). Narman Volcanites have calcalkaline character, with medium-high K content. Volcanites are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), while they are depleted in terms of high field strength elements (HFSE). Chondrite-normalized rare earth element distributions have concave shape with moderate enrichment (LaN/LuN = 2.78–7.99), leading to consideration that the magmas forming the volcanics derived from similar sources. Isotopically, the rocks in the Narman Volcanites have low-medium initial 87Sr/86Sr values (0.70405–0.70485), initial 143Nd/144Nd values (0.512606–0.512848) and positive Ndi (+0.5 – +5.2). Depleted mantle Nd model ages were TDM1 = 0.29–0.62 Ga and TDM2 =0.43–0.83 Ga. (206Pb/204Pb)i, (207Pb/204Pb)i, and (208Pb/204Pb)i values vary in the ranges of 18.246–18.709, 15.578–15.616, and 38.225–38.791, respectively. The initial (176Hf/177Hf)i ratios for the volcanites are between 0.282770 and 0.283013, while the εHf values range from +7.6 to +9. All the evidence supports the conclusion that the parental magma for the rocks probably derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle, previously metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab during asthenospheric upwelling, due to fragmented asymmetric delamination in a postcollisional extensional tectonic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine the post-earthquake trauma levels of individuals who experienced the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Türkiye. 2034 individuals who experienced the earthquake were reached through cross-sectional design and convenience sampling methods within the scope of this study. "Socio-demographic information form" and the "Post-Earthquake Trauma Level Determining Scale" were used as data collection tools. An Independent Sample T Test, One-Way ANOVA test and Pearson Correlation Analysis were performed through IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Results of the research reveal that the trauma levels of the participants are influenced by the following factors: being young, female, and single; low income level; having been diagnosed with a mental illness before the earthquake; being trapped under the rubble; injury and/or death of a family member; witnessing the collapse of buildings and witnessing someone being seriously injured; destruction or damage to the house; staying in temporary housing after the earthquake; losing a large amount of property/money; and, migrating to another city. Praying and seeking support from family and social networks were the most commonly used coping methods. The research results are anticipated to contribute to the utilization of trauma-related information in post-earthquake social services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This quantitative survey-based study examines 366 Czech and 532 Turkish preschool teachers' compassion levels and psychological well-being. The Adult Compassion Scale and Psychological Well-being Scale were used as the data-collection tools, and Mann-Whitney U testing and Kruskal Wallis-H testing were used for data analysis. Although Turkish preschool teachers' compassion levels were found to be higher than Czech participants, the Turkish preschool teachers' psychological well-being was lower. While participants' compassion did not differ significantly across gender, parent/non-parent status, or the presence/absence of children with special needs in their classrooms, significant differences were associated with age, seniority, personal education level, marital status, age group of children taught, class size, and faith. While psychological well-being did not differ significantly across presence/absence of special-needs children, seniority, personal education level, age group of children taught, or faith, there were significant differences across gender, age, parenthood, marital status and class size. There was also a positive and moderately significant relationship between the preschool teachers' compassion and their psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School-age children constitute a significant portion of the Syrian refugee population in Türkiye. However, the number of studies examining the Syrian refugee children with disabilities (SRCwDs) is very limited. This paper examines intersections of race, disability, and refugee status by providing a systematic review of the available research focusing on SRCwDs residing in Türkiye. After giving contextual information regarding the status of Syrian refugees and presenting research on Syrian refugee children in Türkiye, this paper analyses existing studies on SRCwDs within the theoretical framework of DisCrit. This analysis reveals that research focusing on SRCwDs living in Türkiye is very limited and reliable and comprehensive data is necessary to identify their number in the country. There are also numerous problems regarding their access to services and schooling. Finally, this paper offers recommendations for practice and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastic (MP) pollution has been observed in various ecosystems as a result of the rapid increase in plastic production over the past half-century. Nevertheless, the extent of MP pollution in different ecosystems, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, has not been well-studied, and there are limited investigations on this particular topic, specifically in Türkiye. Here, we quantify the occurrence and distribution of MPs in surface water samples collected from Topçu Pond (Türkiye) for the first time. Water samples were collected at five stations and filtered (30 L for each station) through stacked stainless steel sieves (5 mm, 328 µm, and 61 µm mesh size) with a diameter of 30 cm. The abundance, size, color, shape, and type of collected debris samples were analyzed after the wet peroxide oxidation process. MP particles were observed in all samples at an average abundance of 2.4 MPs/L. The most abundant MP size class and type were 0–999 µm and fiber respectively. On the other hand, prevalent colors were black and colorless in general. According to the Raman analysis results, the identified MP derivatives were polypropylene (40%), polyamide (30%), ethylene acrylic acid (20%), and polyvinylchloride (10%). Moreover, the pollution load index (PLI) index was used to determine the pollution status. PLI values were determined as 1.91 at station S1, 1.73 at station S2, 1.31 at station S3, 1 at station S4 and 1.24 at station S5. The PLI value determined for the overall pond was 1.4. The results of this research show that MP pollution is present in Topçu Pond and contributes to the expanding literature on MP pollution in pond ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of disorders that affect the production of steroids in the adrenal gland and are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The clinical and biochemical manifestations of the disorder are diverse, ranging from varying degrees of anomalies of the external genitalia to life-threatening adrenal insufficiency. This multicenter study aimed to determine the demographics, biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics besides the current status of adult patients with CAH nationwide. Methods: The medical records of 223 patients with all forms of CAH were evaluated in the study, which included 19 adult endocrinology clinics. A form inquiring about demographical, etiological, and genetic (where available) data of all forms of CAH patients was filled out and returned by the centers. Results: Among 223 cases 181 (81.16%) patients had 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD), 27 (12.10%) had 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency (110HD), 13 (5.82%) had 17-hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD) and 2 (0.89%) had 3-beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase deficiency. 21OHD was the most prevalent CAH form in our national series. There were 102 (56.4%) classical and 79 (43.6%) non-classical 210HD cases in our cohort. The age of the patients was 24.9 ± 6.1 (minimum-maximum: 17–44) for classical CAH patients and 30.2 ± 11.2 (minimum-maximum: 17–67). More patients in the nonclassical CAH group were married and had children. Reconstructive genital surgery was performed in 54 (78.3%) of classical CAH females and 42 (77.8%) of them had no children. Thirty-two (50.8%) NCAH cases had homogenous and 31 (49.2%) had heterogeneous CYP21A2 gene mutations. V281L pathological variation was the most prevalent mutation, it was detected in 35 (55.6%) of 21OHD NCAH patients. Conclusion: Our findings are compatible with the current literature except for the higher frequency of 110HD and 17OHD, which may be attributed to unidentified genetic causes. A new classification for CAH cases rather than classical and non-classical may be helpful as the disease exhibits a large clinical and biochemical continuum. Affected cases should be informed of the possible complications they may face. The study concludes that a better understanding of the clinical characteristics of patients with CAH can improve the management of the disorder in daily practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Appropriate target market selection and classification are complex, time-consuming, and strategically important management decisions. The current study proposes and implements a new systematic approach that evaluates and ranks alternative markets' potential to increase the export volume of Turkey's fig exports. Design/methodology/approach: The classification approach of potential market alternatives (CAPMA) method, which was developed to evaluate, compare, and classify alternative markets according to their potential, was used in this study. CAPMA, an objective decision-making technique, is based on calculating the classification coefficient and classifying the alternatives into four dimensions, taking this coefficient into consideration. In the current study, 25 alternative markets were analysed on the basis of four evaluation criteria and classified into four dimensions according to their potential to increase export volume. Findings: According to the application results, alternative markets with the greatest potential to increase export volume were identified as the United States of America (USA), Netherlands, China, and Spain. The USA has the greatest potential for expansion of export volume. By implementing correct and effective marketing strategies, fig export volume has the potential to reach very high levels. Originality/value: The study's results on alternative markets for fig exports were categorized, countries with greater potential to increase export volume were identified, and findings that could contribute to the development of the sector were obtained. The approach proposed in the current research can be used to determine the target market of many other products, especially agricultural products, whose production is concentrated within a specific geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hasankeyf Antique City contains several historical structures, ancient and new man-made caves. The dolomitic limestone exposed in the area is the main rock, but weak and not durable. The rock is deteriorated under environmental conditions such as wetting–drying and salt crystallization. The area is now partly under reservoir water of Ilısu dam. The aim of this study is to assess geoenvironmental problems of the Hasankeyf Antique City for different environmental conditions and evaluate possible mitigation measures by considering rock properties and archeological values of the site. Field and laboratory studies as well as various slope stability analyses were carried out. This study indicates that there are problems such as erosion and undercutting of the limestone, block failure associated with collapse of the man-made caves, rock weakening due to cyclic environmental conditions, and slope instabilities dominantly in the form of planar failure and rockfall. An engineering fill is constructed to mitigate the effect of harsh environmental conditions and wave effect due to reservoir water. It also works as lateral support for the steep cliffs. Already detached rocks having no archeological values are removed, and a critical block underneath the Small Palace is stabilized. Furthermore, the Small Palace being partly under reservoir level is raised in such a way that the ancient structure is well above the maximum reservoir level. On the other hand, systematic monitoring of the critical historical structures and limestone blocks should be considered to check the long-term behavior of these. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study is to reveal the relationships between nature-based tourists' self-determined travel motivations, ecologically responsible attitudes and subjective well-being within the scope of self-determination theory. Empirical analyses show that there are positive relationships between nature-based tourists' self-determined travel motivations, ecologically responsible attitudes and subjective well-being. The conceptual model was tested using Smart-PLS with 268 valid survey responses. The results of the study showed that there are positive and significant relationships between nature-based tourists' self-determined travel motivation, ecological responsibility attitudes and subjective well-being. Research integrating self-determination theory and nature-based tourism is relatively limited and the results of this study enhance our understanding of the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health information consumers can acquire knowledge regarding health problems, combat health problems, make health-related decisions, and change their behaviour by conducting health information searches. This study aims to identify the sociodemographic and economic factors affecting individuals' search for health information on the internet before and during COVID-19. Methods: In this study, micro data sets of the Household Information Technologies (IT) Usage Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute in 2018 and 2021 were used. The binary logistic regression analysis was also used in the study. Results: It was determined that age, gender, education level, occupation, social media use, searching for information about goods and services, internet banking use, e-government use, having a desktop computer, having a tablet computer, and region variables were associated with the status of searching for health information on the internet during the COVID-19 period. Conclusion: The main reasons for the increase in health information searches during the COVID-19 epidemic can be attributed to several key factors, such as society's need for information and meeting its need for information, access to up-to-date health data and increased trust in official sources. The study's findings serve as a valuable resource for health service providers and information sources attempting to identify the health information-seeking behaviour of the public and to meet their needs in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ethical values are a guideline for behavior in certain situations. They take on particular importance in patient care. Ethical values depend on many factors including culture. The aim of this study is to compare the ethical values of nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 463 students participated in the survey, including 191 from Poland and 272 from Turkiye. The study was conducted from April to June 2022. For the purposes of this study was used Ethical Values Scale (IEVS). The criteria for excluding participants from the study were nursing student status and consent to participate in the study. Results: The IEVE total score for all respondents was 68.20 and the median was 68. In the individual subscales: Love-Respect 34.76 (median 35), Justice-Honesty 21.29 (median 21) and Cooperation 12.14 (median 12). Polish students' total IEVS score average was 70.48 ± 6.81 and Turkish students' IEVS total score average was 66.61 ± 9.65. There is a statistically significant difference between the total score average on the IEVS of students from the two countries (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Students in both countries generally demonstrate high ethical standards. There are noticeable differences between the responses of students from Poland and Turkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for nontimber forest products (NTFPs) has increased significantly in recent years. Hundreds of plant species that grow naturally in Türkiye have medicinal and aromatic value. Medicinal and aromatic plants are primarily used as a sources of tea, spices, condiments and essential oils. Species belonging to the genus Arbutus L. are used for decorative purposes and as fuel wood in many wood-based industries, they also have a wide range of uses in packaging, chairs making and furniture production. Additionally, the fruits of these trees are widely consumed by humans and animals because they are rich in sugar and vitamin C. It is predicted that changes in climatic conditions will significantly change the distribution, composition and function of forests threatening biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to model current and future potential geographical distributions of Arbutus unedo L., which is among the species that naturally grow in Türkiye and is of substantial value in terms of its ecological contribution to forest ecosystems, based on species presence data and environmental variables (bioclimatic variables and altitude). The current and future distribution area models for Arbutus unedo L. indicate that the potential distribution areas of the species in the coming years will gradually decrease, and in the SSP5 8.5 model, which represents the highest level of world resource usage this gradual decrease will reach its highest level and there will be no suitable distribution area left for the species. Therefore, it is predicted that the species will become endangered. In-situ and ex-situ conservation measures need to be taken to ensure the sustainability of the species in forestry and landscape areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study examined interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory’s (IPARTheory’s) prediction that adults’ (both men’s and women’s) remembrances of parental (maternal and paternal) rejection in childhood are likely to be associated with adults’ psychological maladjustment, as mediated by adults’ interpersonal rejection sensitivity. To test these predictions a sample of 372 adults (178 women, 193 men; age range 18–59 and Sd: 11) in Turkiye participated in the study. Respondents completed the short forms of the Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire for both mother and father, the Adult Personality Assessment Questionnaire (short form), the Interpersonal Rejection Sensitivity Scale, and the Personal Information Form. In line with this aim, this study examined the direct effect and indirect effect of adults’ memories of parental acceptance-rejection in childhood on adults’ psychological maladjustment through the mediator variable (rejection sensitivity) depending on age. The findings indicated that adults’ remembrances of paternal rejection during childhood independently predicted their interpersonal rejection sensitivity and psychological maladjustment. Mediation analyses revealed that rejection sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between parental rejection (both maternal and paternal) and psychological maladjustment in men. However, in women, while it partially mediated the relationship between paternal rejection and psychological maladjustment, it fully mediated the relationship between maternal rejection and psychological maladjustment. These findings offer evidence supporting the connections between childhood remembrances of parental rejection psychological maladjustment, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Türkiye is the leading country that has been applying the MPOWER criteria of the World Health Organization for years. However, the prevalence of smoking among nurses appears to be high, according to the literature. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence, addiction levels, and dynamics of tobacco smoking among nurses in Türkiye. Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a questionnaire (prepared in cooperation with the "World Health Organization") and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence were administered to 529 nurses working at a tertiary-care university hospital in 2020. Logistic regression was performed to determine factors predicting smoking. Results: The prevalence of smoking among nurses was 32.7% (n = 173). The mean Fagerström test score indicated a "low dependence" level (score: 3 ± 2.6). Both results were higher for males. A relationship was found between trying smoking cigarette and hookah. Of the "current smokers" group, 102 (60.4%) stated that they wanted to quit smoking. Only 21 (27.6%) of the nurses who have tried to quit smoking thus far have received professional help. Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking among nurses working at a tertiary-care university hospital was relatively low compared to that among nurses in Türkiye. While females are normally expected to smoke less, the high prevalence of smoking among nurses (most of them female) raises the question of the professional basis of this situation. However, the low rate of receiving professional help reveals the lack of promotion and accessibility of smoking cessation outpatient clinics in the faculty environment. Finally, the perception that hookah is an alternative tobacco product leads to cigarette smoking. The good news was that nurses had a low dependency rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater resources in Bitlis province and its surroundings in Türkiye's Eastern Anatolia Region are pivotal for drinking water, yet they face a significant threat from fluoride contamination, compounded by the region's volcanic rock structure. To address this concern, fluoride levels were meticulously measured at 30 points in June 2019 dry period and September 2019 rainy period. Despite the accuracy of present measurement techniques, their time-consuming nature renders them economically unviable. Therefore, this study aims to assess the distribution of probable geogenic contamination of groundwater and develop a robust prediction model by analyzing the relationship between predictive variables and target contaminants. In this pursuit, various machine learning techniques and regression models, including Linear Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, K-Neighbors, and XGBoost, as well as deep learning models such as ANN, DNN, CNN, and LSTM, were employed. Elements such as aluminum (Al), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (Pb), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were utilized as features to predict fluoride levels. The SelectKbest feature selection method was used to improve the accuracy of the prediction model. This method identifies important features in the dataset for different values of k and increases model efficiency. The models were able to produce more accurate predictions by selecting the most important variables. The findings highlight the superior performance of the XGBoost regressor and CNN in predicting groundwater quality, with XGBoost consistently outperforming other models, exhibiting the lowest values for evaluation metrics like mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE) across different k values. For instance, when considering all features, XGBoost attained an MSE of 0.07, an MAE of 0.22, an RMSE of 0.27, a MAPE of 9.25%, and an NSE of 0.75. Conversely, the Decision Tree regressor consistently displayed inferior performance, with its maximum MSE reaching 0.11 (k = 5) and maximum RMSE of 0.33 (k = 5). Furthermore, feature selection analysis revealed the consistent significance of boron (B) and cadmium (Cd) across all datasets, underscoring their pivotal roles in groundwater contamination. Notably, in the machine learning framework evaluation, the XGBoost regressor excelled in modeling both the "all" and "rainy season" datasets, while the convolutional neural network (CNN) outperformed in the "dry season" dataset. This study emphasizes the potential of XGBoost regressor and CNN for accurate groundwater quality prediction and recommends their utilization, while acknowledging the limitations of the Decision Tree Regressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the mediating role of achievement goals in the relationship between teachers' zest for work and teaching motivation. Method: The research was designed using the relational survey model. The research sample consisted of 518 teachers working in various cities in Turkey in 2023-2024 academic year fall semester. A convenience sampling method was used in sampling. Three Likert-type scales were used as data collection tools. In the data analysis, firstly, the data suitability to normal distributions was examined. As a result of the analysis, kurtosis and skewness values were examined and it was assumed that the data were normally distributed. SPSS Process extension was used to analyze the data. Results and discussion: According to the research results, teachers' zest for work positively and significantly predicted strong and positive achievement goals. In addition, teachers' achievement goals significantly and positively predicted their teaching motivation. Additionally, teachers' zest for work positively and significantly predicted their teaching motivation. Moreover, it can be inferred that achievement goals for students have a mediating role in the relationship between teachers' zest for work and teaching motivation. In this context, it is suggested that policies that increase teachers' teaching motivation should be prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines Türkiye’s increasingly complex relations with Asia from a political economy perspective, capitalizing on the notions of semi-periphery and sub-imperialism in an era marked by the crisis of globalization and a relative decline of US economic and technological power. It contends that the complexity of Türkiye-Asia relations and associated changes in Turkish foreign policy should be examined within the shifting global and domestic political-economic conditions and the changing relations between countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of co-infections with Theileria ovis and Anaplasma ovis on caprine health is very limited knowledge and is rarely documented in the literature. Türkiye is endemic for tick-borne diseases (TBDs), posing a risk of co-infections in goats. To evaluate the impact of single and co-infection with T. ovis and A. ovis on caprine health, four groups of goats were examined: healthy goats, goats infected with T. ovis, goats infected with A. ovis and goats co-infected with both species. Sera from blood samples was tested for oxidant/antioxidant markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST)], cytokines [interleukins (IL)-6, IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], DNA damage [8- hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] and trace minerals [(copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se)]. MDA, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 levels, CAT and GST enzyme activities were found to be significantly increased in both Theileria ovis and Anaplasma ovis single- and co-infections (P<0.05). In goats, single and co-infected with A. ovis showed a statistically significant increase in SOD enzyme activity compared to goats infected only with T. ovis (P<0.05). In goats co-infected with A. ovis and T. ovis, considerable decrease in GPx enzyme activity were observed (P<0.05). Zn and Se levels in single infected with A. ovis indicated a significant decrease. Also, Cu, Zn, and Se levels in co-infected animals decreased significantly (P<0.05). Significant increase in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in goats with single and double infections indicates impaired erythrocyte membrane integrity due to oxidative stress. Moreover, increased proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in all groups indicate that a high degree of systemic inflammation is induced during parasitaemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines and explains the problems encountered and strategies employed by the street-level bureaucrats (SLBs) used during COVID-19 Pandemic response efforts in Türkiye. To this end, the authors adopted Michael Lipsky's street-level bureaucrat concept to explain the conditions and challenges faced by various Turkish street-level bureaucrats (e.g., doctors, nurses, security personnel, and teachers) during the COVID-19 Pandemic response efforts. The article ends with discussing and categorizing strategies used by the Turkish SLBs and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic performance can be measured using different macroeconomic indicators and different analysis methods. In this context, it is aimed to compare the economic performances of BRICS countries and Turkey for the 2000-2022 period by using macroeconomic variables and to analyze the performances of the countries discussed separately during his period. In the study, GDP per capita, growth rate, exports, current account balance (percent of GDP), inflation, unemployment, exchange rate and import were determined as performance evaluation criteria. Within the scope of the study, an integrated model was used, which deals with the economic performances of BRICS-T countries, ENTROPY and WEDBA (Weighted Euclidean Distance Based Approximation) methods. In the ENTROPY method, the weight coefficients obtained separately for each year and for each country were calculated, and in the WEDBA method, the performance ranking was made by using the obtained weights. According to the results of the study, the country with the best economic performance in the ranking of economic performance among the countries was China in all years, while India had the poorest overall performance compared to other countries on average. In addition, while Turkey was in the second place in 2011, it took the third place when the average of all years was taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to examine the postgraduate theses on palliative care in nursing in Türkiye and to reveal the nursing practices used. The population of the retrospective descriptive study consisted of theses in the field of nursing registered in the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education, while the sample consisted of 55 theses between 2010 and 2022 that met the inclusion criteria among the theses in the field of nursing as a result of the screening made within the scope of PRISMA rules. It was seen that the first thesis on palliative care in nursing was published in 2010. Of the theses obtained, 13 were doctoral (23.6%) and 42 were master's theses (76.4%), 60% were published between 2019 and 2022, 92.8% were conducted with quantitative research methods, 76.5% of these theses used at least one of the descriptive designs and 15.7% were randomized controlled experimental studies. Additionally, it was determined that 36.4% of the theses were sampled by healthcare personnel working in palliative care clinics, and 72.7% did not use a sampling method. Among the interventions implemented by nurses; the most common ones were palliative care training, simulation training/practice, and theory-model based nursing care practice. However, neonatal palliative education, psychoeducation, application of the case management model and face-to-face fan practice were rarely included. In recent years, complementary practices such as ear acupuncture, aromatherapy massage and relaxation exercise, as well as red-white light application, were observed. It should be emphasized that thesis studies in palliative care and nursing have increased in recent years, but mostly at the master's level and descriptive type, the number of doctoral level studies is insufficient, and the need for randomized controlled intervention studies to provide evidence for palliative care nursing should be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species, Mattiastrum pulumurense, has been described from Tunceli in eastern Türkiye. It is generally distinguished from other species (except M. racemosum var. scabridum) by a sparsely hairy or glabrescent above-ground part. It is most similar morphologically to M. longipes, M. calycinum, and Paracaryum hedgei (P. hedgei is potentially a member of the genus Mattiastrum). However, it differs from M. longipes and M. calycinum by its 3–3.5-mm-long and linear lanceolate scales, 2.5–4.5-mm-long anthers, and 10–15-mm-long styles; it differs from Paracaryum hedgei by its 3–3.5-mm-long scales, 2.5–4.5-mm-long anthers. In addition, this new species differs from M. racemosum var. scabridum by having 3–3.5-mm-long scales and no scale appendages. A description of the new species, an illustration, a comparative Table of morphological characters, detailed photographs, and a distribution map of the new species together with adjacent species were provided. In addition, the evolutionary relationships of these species were calculated using both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and combined chloroplast data set (rps16 and trnL genes, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer). According to the phylogeny-based combined chloroplast data set, both populations of Mattiastrum pulumurense generate a monophyletic clade and are closely related to M. longipes, P. hedgei, and M. calycinum. According to ITS-based phylogeny, Mattiastrum pulumurense is closely related to Rindera tetraspis, which is seen in the paraphyletic and nested genera Mattiastrum-Paracaryum-Rindera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University libraries are institutions that operate to fulfill the mission of supporting the mission of the universities they are affiliated with. In this context, it carries out its function of supporting teaching and research with the resources and services it provides. It is impossible for university libraries that lag behind contemporary developments and are not organized and managed according to scientific and professional standards to perform these duties wholly and correctly. As a matter of fact, from time to time, university libraries become structurally weak due to internal or external reasons and face various problems. In this regard, the study examines the weaknesses (problems) of state university libraries in Türkiye. In this context, the study population was determined as state university libraries, which include the weaknesses of their libraries in their administrative documents, such as activity reports and strategic plans shared on their corporate websites. Content analysis was used as a method in the study, which included 85 state university libraries that were found to share information and documents on their corporate web addresses. As a result, it has been determined that state university libraries have various problems in terms of personnel, building, budget, services, external factors, collection, users, and the institutional structure of the library. Among these, lack of personnel, inadequate building conditions, budget constraints, inadequacy of services, impact of external factors, collection deficiencies, and difficulties in user relations came to the fore. In addition, according to the results obtained, suggestions were made, such as increasing the number of professional personnel in libraries, improving the physical infrastructure, increasing budget allocations, focusing on announcement and marketing in services, expanding collections, strengthening user relations, and encouraging institutional collaborations. The study may be helpful in collectively revealing state university libraries' problems and guiding steps toward solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Couple burnout has been linked to several negative consequences for both individuals and couples. Identifying the factors that predict couple burnout is essential for developing effective interventions to prevent or lessen its detrimental impact on marital relationships. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate sociodemographic factors, relationship self-efficacy, happiness, and self-compassion as predictors of couple burnout in Turkish married individuals. A convenient sample of 401 married individuals completed a questionnaire that comprised a Personal Information Form, Couple Burnout Measure—Short Version, Relationship Self-Efficacy Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, and Single-Item Happiness Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlation analysis, linear multiple regression analysis, and relative importance analyses. The results of this study suggest that being women, having a higher number of offspring, and lower levels of relationship self-efficacy, self-compassion, and happiness were significant positive predictors of couple burnout among married individuals. The type of marriage, monthly income, and duration of marriage were not significant predictors of couple burnout. Moreover, the results of the relative importance analyses consistently demonstrated that happiness was the strongest predictor of couple burnout among married individuals. The research findings demonstrate the multidimensional nature of couple burnout and provide a more nuanced understanding of its predictive factors. These results have potential implications for the development of evidence-based and targeted interventions in relationship education programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out to determine the knowledge levels of the students of Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, on the concept of artificial intelligence and its use in veterinary practices. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was applied to a total of 529 students in the study, covering all grades of the faculty. The questionnaire consists of two parts. In the first part, there are 10 questions including demographics, knowledge about the concept of artificial intelligence, etc. The second part consists of 26 5-point Likert-type questions to determine students' thoughts on artificial intelligence applications. Data were analyzed using statistical tests. Consequently, the students participating in the study are partially knowledgeable about artificial intelligence (52.9%). They know the importance of following the developments in artificial intelligence for the profession (45.2%). They think that artificial intelligence applications will improve their professional skills (53.5%). They have the opinion that a robot cannot replace a veterinary surgeon (36.7%) and artificial intelligence cannot cause unemployment in veterinary medicine in the future (35.3%). In addition, they believe that artificial intelligence can cause ethical problems (39.3%) and that applications made with this technology should be developed in an ethical sense (42.4%). As a result, while the students think that artificial intelligence will have positive effects in the field of veterinary medicine, they also think that artificial intelligence can bring negative ethical implications. It can be concluded that including elective courses on artificial intelligence applications in veterinary faculties and conducting further research on the subject would be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to estimate the total financial (direct and indirect) and avoidable losses related to lameness in Turkish dairy herds. Official and previous published data were used for determining the mean (12.9%) and target prevalence (6.6%) values. Direct financial losses due to lameness were calculated as treatment costs, involuntary culling, and milk yield losses. Indirect losses consisted of extended calving intervals and extra insemination losses. As a result, the average financial loss of lameness per case on dairy farms was $153.8 ($116.8 for mild and $264.7 for severe forms) in Türkiye. Avoidable losses ($75.1) were calculated to be equivalent to 187 liters of cow's milk with current prices for the 2023 year. The share of direct and indirect financial losses was 49.6% and 50.4%, respectively. Total annual losses related to lameness in Türkiye are calculated at $130.5 million (326 million Lt. milk eq.), although $63.7 million (159 million Lt. milk eq.) of the losses could be avoided by farmers. The milk equivalent of avoidable losses corresponds to 0.77% of Türkiye's total annual milk production. In conclusion, lameness causes significant financial losses in Turkish dairy herds. However, almost half of these losses (48.8%) may be avoidable with better management practices which help to increase the productivity and profitability of dairy farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores a little-known archive of historical aerial photographs curated by the General Directorate of Mapping of the Republic of Türkiye's Ministry of Defense and discusses the historical context of their production by US Navy aerial photography squadrons in the 1950s. While the images themselves enable a technical analysis of the method of their collection, contemporary military manuals, domain-specific magazines and newsletters, and eyewitness accounts of how similar photographs were captured fill out the contexts of their production for cartographic purposes, with information about the aircraft involved, their cameras and camera configurations, and mission characteristics. Continuing sections situate the aerial surveys within the framework of US-led initiatives in mapping NATO territories following World War II. As one example of what must have been many special mapping agreements made between NATO countries at this time, the US cartographic surveys over Türkiye discussed here are an expression of postwar realignments of global power, put to the purposes of containment-based security preparations and infrastructure development, and neatly intertwining American military and commercial interests early in the Cold War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brucellosis is the most important public health problem worldwide, and the annual incidence of the disease in humans is 2.1 million. The Brucella genome is highly conserved, with over 90% similarity among species. The aim of this study was to perform species-level identification of Brucella spp. strains isolated from humans diagnosed with brucellosis and to further investigate the phylogenetic relationships using multiple locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA)-16 and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Materials and Methods:Brucella spp. was isolated from the blood cultures of 54 patients who tested positive for brucellosis through serological examinations. Real-time PCR was used to identify the isolates in species, and the genus level of Brucella was confirmed with 16S rRNA. All isolates were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using variable number of tandem repeat analysis with multiple loci. Results: Subsequent analysis via real-time PCR confirmed these isolates to be of the Brucella melitensis species. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed 100% homogeneity among the isolates. MLVA revealed the formation of five different genotypic groups. While two groups were formed based on the 16S rRNA sequence analysis, five groups were formed in the MLVA. Conclusions: The study concluded that 16S rRNA sequence analysis alone did not provide sufficient discrimination for phylogenetic analysis but served as a supportive method for identification. MLVA exhibited higher phylogenetic power. The widespread isolation of B. melitensis from human brucellosis cases highlights the importance of controlling brucellosis in small ruminants to prevent human infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractSocial exclusion is a multidimensional concept defined as being away from social resources and opportunities, being unable to participate in society, and being socially disadvantaged in society. In Türkiye, problems, such as economic disadvantages, inequalities in access to public services, migration and displacement, and lack of infrastructure make social exclusion an important risk factor for children. Therefore, adapting the Social Exclusion Scale for Children to Turkish culture and language can help identify children exposed to social exclusion, better understand the problem, develop effective interventions, and build a more inclusive society. The aim of this study was to adapt the Social Exclusion Scale for Children (SESC) to Turkish society. The data of this methodological study were collected from 380 children aged 12–17. The content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency of SESC were analyzed. The results of this study showed the validity and reliability of SESC as a measurement instrument to assess social exclusion in Turkish children aged 12–17 in the school environment. The Turkish version of SESC was found brief, practical, age-appropriate, self-reported, easily applicable, valid, and reliable measurement instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the economic and trade relations between Turkey, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia over the past five years, highlighting the evolution driven by strategic interests and regional stability. The research analyzes secondary data, examining official trade and investment reports, government statements, international organization data, and academic articles. It also considers diplomatic developments such as highlevel visits and agreements. The period from 2020 to 2024 witnessed significant growth and diversification in trade among these nations. Turkey's exports to the UAE and Saudi Arabia increased markedly, driven by sectors like agricultural technologies, food security, clean energy, and construction. Key moments include the establishment of a $10 billion investment fund following UAE President Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan's visit to Turkey in 2021 and the signing of the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) in 2023, aiming to elevate bilateral trade to $40 billion over five years. Simultaneously, Turkey's economic relations with Saudi Arabia experienced fluctuations but generally depicted a positive trend. High-level visits by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman revitalized economic ties, resulting in cooperation agreements across various sectors, including health, energy, and the defense industry. The economic relations between Turkey, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia reflect a dynamic interplay of strategic interests, mutual investments, and shared goals. The strengthened economic partnerships have contributed to regional stability and are expected to develop further, driven by strategic collaborations in energy, technology, and infrastructure. These developments underscore the importance of economic diplomacy and mutual investments in shaping future cooperation prospects and regional power dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined preserved marine fish specimens collected from numerous field surveys conducted along Türkiye's Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean coasts since 1965. Our review and categorization of these materials revealed that the specimens belong to 360 species from 131 families. Current data shows that the museum collection includes 20 species of cartilaginous fish and 8 species of bony fish listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List, alongside 54 non-native fish species. Prepared according to museum standards by Ege University Fisheries Faculty's Scientific Material (ESFM), this collection of Turkish marine fish constitutes 66% of all Turkish marine fish fauna. This makes it the largest and oldest marine fish collection in Türkiye. Considering Türkiye's maritime borders with neighboring countries, this collection is significant nationally and globally. Given the diverse marine fish species in Turkish seas over the past half-century, this preserved material is a vital reference for local and foreign ichthyologists. If organized and transformed into a visitable museum, this extensive collection could raise awareness about the diversity of marine fish species in our seas. As a result, we have established the "biological repository of Turkish Marine Fish Department" in the Faculty Museum, now known as the Fisheries Faculty's Scientific Material (ESFM) at Ege University. We present the fish in the collection as a species list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objectives Background Materials and Methods Results Conclusion The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial difficulties and life experiences of nurses working in the disaster area following the earthquake on February 6, Kahramanmaraş centered earthquake with a phenomenological approach.After natural disasters such as earthquakes, nurses play a significant role in providing both physical and psychosocial support. Therefore, the experiences of nurses in this field are necessary both to support them and to assist disaster survivors.In this study, in which the phenomenological research method was used, semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 18 nurses who provided health care services during the February 6 Kahramanmaraş earthquake were conducted between January and February 2024 via Whatsapp mobile application. Snowball sampling method was used to reach the sample group. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study was conducted and reported according to the COREQ checklist.Data analysis revealed two themes (psychological and social difficulties caused by the earthquake, traumatic stress and coping experiences as a nurse) and five sub‐themes (social difficulties, psychological difficulties, traumatic events, reactions and coping).As a result of the study, it was determined that nurses providing health care services were negatively affected psychosocially by the traumatic stress situations they experienced in the earthquake centered in Kahramanmaraş on February 6. It was determined that nurses had great difficulty in coping with the traumatic stress situations they experienced. It was concluded that the February 6 earthquake caused secondary traumatization in nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore how children's achieving privacy is interwoven with parental recognition of their agency, by providing empirical accounts of family lives in Türkiye. Building on a relational understanding of agency and privacy, it debates both concepts as social constructs that can be distinctively understood in western and Turkish cultures. It employs ethnographic research with children aged 10–14 years and their families to illustrate everyday contexts of parental privacy invasions and children's exercise of relational agency in response. A relational approach towards achieving agency and privacy as an interlaced process mirrors children's experience of power asymmetries within family relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• PFMT-P is a valid and reliable measurement tool suitable for Turkish culture that consists of knowledge, knowledge source and implementation variables. • The PFMT-P is a short, comprehensive and useful tool that can be used in both reproductive and menopausal women. Although there are several patient reported outcome measures (PROM) regarding knowledge, source of knowledge and practice about pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), there is a lack of a valid and reliable PROM that includes the practice component of PFMT along with knowledge and source of knowledge. There is no valid and reliable measurement tool in Turkish used for this purpose. In this context, the aim of our study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) (PFMT-P) and to test whether it is a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish women. This study has been carried out psychometric testing (validity and reliability) of a new assessment tool concerning PFMT-P. A total of 170 female healthcare professionals (midwives, nurses, doctors, physiotherapists) who were between the ages of 23 and 49 and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. SPSS 25.0 and LİSREL 8.80 statistical programs were used for the analysis of data. Descriptive statistics were evaluated with numbers, percentages and means. Content validity index and confirmatory factor analysis were used for validity. Cronbach Alpha value and test–retest were used for reliability. Level of significance was p < 0.05. Content validity index (CVI) was found to be 0.96 for the overall scale. Model fit indices were found as perfect and good matched. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found as 0.813 for the overall scale. Test-retest correlation was found as 0.658, it was 0.998 for practice component and 0.997 for source of knowledge component and a positive, significant and high correlation was found. It has been determined that PFMT-P is a valid and reliable measurement tool suitable for Turkish culture. With this, it is a short, comprehensive and useful tool that can be used in both pregnancy and the postpartum period for women of reproductive age or menopause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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