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Objective: To investigate the association between testosterone deficiency and depressive and/or anxiety symptoms.

Bladder cancer (BCa) represents the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract. The major risk factors include age, gender, smoking attitude, and occupational exposure, while the exact etiopathogenesis is still uncertain. Patients diagnosed with a BCa showing invasion of the muscle layer below the submucosa must undergo radical cystectomy (RC) with urinary diversion (UD). Many different surgical approaches to UD have been developed. Packaging an orthotopic neobladder (ON) with a bowel tract represents the gold standard when certain patient selection criteria are satisfied. Using PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review assessing early (within 90 days) and late (beyond 90 days) post-procedural complications of different ON surgical approaches. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify papers starting from 2012 using dedicated keywords ("neobladder", "orthotopic neobladder", "complications'' and "outcomes"). A total of 27 articles were found to satisfy the inclusion criteria and selected. Although the ON is a safe procedure that guarantees the patient the best quality of life (QoL), it is not free from risks. Many complications could occur during and after the surgical time which imposes the necessity of strict follow-up and careful checks over time, which should be properly discussed with patients before., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was first introduced in paediatric population in 1986. Given the more frequent recurrence in children, compared to adults, urinary stones treatments should require minimal invasive treatment methods. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the profile of the young patient with lithiasis who can benefit from ESWL, analysing the experience of 2 clinical departments., Materials and Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 54 children who underwent ESWL for urolithiasis. ESWL success rate was defined as stone-free status or the presence of clinically insignificant residual fragments. Data were analysed using the STATA 14.2., Results: In our study, the incidence of renal-ureteral calculi is significantly higher in girls (68.5%), compared to boys (31.5%). In total, 83.3% of patients showed a favourable outcome after treatment and the remaining 16.7% showed minimal complications. The presence of complications and remaining calculi was correlated to children age. The overall stone free rate was 88.9%. For calculus of 8.5 mm, only one ESWL session is recommended., Conclusions: The high percentage of cases with favourable outcome indicate that ESWL treatment is effective, considering the minimal cost, minimal invasiveness, repeatability and no need for general anaesthesia., (© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Unlabelled: Obesity is a complex, pluricausal disease that develops through the interaction of social,'behavioural, cultural, physiological, metabolic and genetical causes., Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 1764 school age children from Iaşi city. Data was collected by measuring their weight, height and arterial pressure. 283 children were diagnosed with weight excess and have been questioned about their nutritional habits and life quality., Results: It has been concluded that 50.17% of the children were breastfed in the first months of life. The weight excess was frequently correlated with: irregular meal schedule (57.59%), roast meal cooking (69.61%), eating white bread (77.38%), predilection for fat meat (66.78%), processed cheese and butter (69.25%), french fries (68.19%), everyday dessert (62.89%), highly concentrated sweets (cookies, chocolate) (63.95%), biscuits, snacks, chips (73.85%) and sweet juices (66.42%). Inactivity was also an important factor, often associated with weight excess, considering that 60.42% of the children spend their spare time watching TV or playing computer games and only 32.86% of the children practice sport during their spare time., Conclusions: Obesity and overweight are pathologies with increasing incidence in our country and they are caused by a combination between genetical factors and, more important, nutritional habits and the amount of time dedicated to physical exercise.

Unlabelled: Due to the higher incidence of children obesity, in the last decade, the scientific community as well as mass media have increased their interest towards obesity and eating habits., Material and Method: The study has been made on a number of 108 pediatric patients with intercurrent affections that has been diagnosed with obesity or weight excess between 2005 and 2008. The evaluation of the pacients has been done with the use of anamnesis, full clinical examination and biochemical investigations., Results: The case repartition based on body mass index has revealed that 46.29% of the pacients have excess weight and 53.70% suffer from obesity. The biochemical alterations have shown the following: regarding the glucidic metabolism--21 cases with impaired basal glycaemia, 5 cases with low glucose tolerance and 2 cases with diabetes mellitus type 1; regarding the lipidic metabolism--39 cases with modifications of triglycerides, of cholesterol fractions or of both categories. Also, we found the X metabolic syndrome in 20 of the studied cases, hyperuricaemia in 13 cases, hepatic steatosis in 10 cases and arterial hypertension in 34 of the cases. Almost half of the interviewed subjects have accused different types of psycho-behaviour changes., Conclusions: From the investigated complications, the dislipidemic syndrome, arterial hypertension and glucidic metabolism disorders have had an important place and have completed the metabolic syndrome picture in an important number of cases.