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Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the types of gynecological pathology, the frequency of which is 45-53% in girls and young women aged 13 to 45 years, which is not given enough attention in diagnosis and treatment.The pathogenesis takes into account the increased secretion of prostaglandins F2α and E2 in the period from the beginning of pregnancy to birth, which cause pelvic pain.The diagnosis is based on the patient's history, symptoms, examination, the treatment is aimed at improving the quality of life by prescribing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal contraceptives and the use of non-medicinal means. Purpose: to specify some links in the pathogenesis of primary dysmenorrhea and, taking into account its multicomponent nature, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed treatment. Under observation there were 68 women who were divided into 2 groups: 34 women with primary dysme­norrhea (main group) and 34 healthy women (control group).The diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea was established on the basis of complaints of patients about painful menstruation and accompanying symptoms during consultations with a gynecologist and endocrinologist.Treatment of patients in the main group was carried out with the drug, which includes Vitex agnus castus L, indinol-3-carbinol, 3,3-diindolyl-methane, extract of passionflower, California Eschscholzia. In women with typical symptoms, dysmenorrhea can be diagnosed on the basis of medical information without physical pelvic examination, empirical treatment should be initiated, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or oral contraceptives, because it is a functional condition resulting from an imbalance in the hormonal regulation of myometrial contraction. As a result of the proposed treatment, pain disappeared completely in 70% of patients (23/34), as well as vegetative-vascular (from 18 to 2% of patients), vegetative (from 10 to 1% of patients), metabolic and endocrine disorders (from 15 to 2% female patients), disorders of the emotional and mental sphere (from 25 to 10% of patients). Improvement in quality of life was noted by 80% (26/34) of patients, improvement in working capacity – by 70% (23/34) of patients, after 2 months – by 95% (31/34) and 85% (28/34), respectively, after 3 months all examined patients with primary dysmenorrhea noted an improvement in the quality of life and an increase in work capacity. Sexually active women with symptoms of inflammatory processes of the genital tract, severe dysmenorrhea should undergo pelvic examination. In view of safety and high therapeutic efficiency, the drug based on Vitex agnus castus can be offered for the treatment over the period lasting at least for3 months for girls and young women aged 13 to 45 years with primary dysmenorrhea.

Background. Genital endometriosis is one of the most urgent problems of modern gynecology. Considering oxidative stress as a pathogenetic link of endometriosis, we believe it reasonable to use a combined drug containing superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment for genital endometriosis supplemented with the use of superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc, taking into account the leading pathophysiological links of the pathology. Materials and methods. Thirty-seven women of reproductive age with genital endometriosis were under observation. Treatment in the first group was carried out in accordance with the Guideline Development Group recommendations. Thirty-nine women of the second group additionally received a drug containing superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc. The control group included 30 healthy women. The state of lipid peroxidation processes was assessed by the level of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde in the blood serum and the antioxidant defense system by the content of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. To monitor the patients’ quality of life, pain syndrome was studied using the Visual Analogue Scale. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by means of the standard StatSoft Statistica for Windows 13.0 program pac­kage. Results. The assessment of the pain syndrome in the second group showed that it completely disappeared in women with the first stage of the disease. Among patients with the second stage, pain disappeared in 8 cases, 3 patients had a decrease from severe to mild pain. At the third stage, pain disappeared completely in 5 women, in 4 cases, it decreased from severe to mild, and in one woman, the pain decreased from unbearable to mild. All patients of the second group noted a decrease in pain during intercourse, and in the first stage — its absence, an increase in work capacity (r = 0.64, p

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age, is characterized by high androgen levels, irregular periods, and small cysts in the ovaries. PCOS affects approximately 10 % of reproductive age women of all races and ethnicities. PCOS has been recognized to affect women of reproductive age since antiquity and in the 21st century, it emerges as the most widespread and serious reproductive metabolic disorder in the world. PCOS is a multifactorial disorder that affects both the reproductive and metabolic health of women. In addition, PCOS is a leading symptom of infertility in women. Nevertheless, women with PCOS who become pregnant unfortunately have an increased risk of complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth. Many people believe GDM disappears after childbirth, despite the fact that GDM is a war­ning symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. According to growing evidence, GDM complicates 40 % of PCOS pregnancies, suggesting that PCOS is a risk factor for GDM. Hence, PCOS is a lifelong disorder that can eventually lead to various long-term health complications, including chronic menstrual irregularity, infertility, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial cancer. Thus, it’s a scientific fact that both PCOS and GDM are significantly associated with each other. However, most studies on the risk of GDM in PCOS patients are retrospective. Therefore, there is no strong evidence whether PCOS is a risk factor for GDM or any other related factor. PCOS, a polygenic endocrinopathy, is in a true sense a set of diseases that worsen the state of the body. Reproductive and metabolic disorders associated with PCOS cause several clinical symptoms, such as irregular and painful periods, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, acne, psoriasis, anxiety, mood swings, patterned baldness, cardiovascular problems, type 2 diabetes, infertility, pelvic pain, low libido, low self-esteem, etc. Further studies are needed to understand the genetic and epigenetic contributions of PCOS, PCOS-related comorbidities, the role of placenta in nutrient availability, and influence of medications that may affect the long-term offspring health.