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4. Nitrogen recovery from fertilizers and cover crops by maize crop under no-tillage system

Author

SILVA, E. C. da, MURAOKA, T., BASTOS, A. V. S., FRANZINI, V. I., SILVA, A. da, BUZETTI, S., SAKADEVAN, K., SOARES, F. A. L., TEIXEIRA, M. B., TRIVELIN, P. C. O., ARAÚJO, L. C. de, EDSON CABRAL DA SILVA, Instituto Federal Goiano, TAKASHI MURAOKA, USP, ALEFE VIANA SOUZA BASTOS, Instituto Federal Goiano, VINICIUS IDE FRANZINI, CPACP, ALINNE DA SILVA, USP, SALATIÉR BUZETTI, FEIS/UNESP, KARUPPAN SAKADEVAN, International Atomic Energy Agency, FREDERICO ANTONIO LOUREIRO SOARES, Instituto Federal Goiano, MARCONI BATISTA TEIXEIRA, Instituto Federal Goiano, PAULO CÉSAR OCHEUZE TRIVELIN, USP, and LEANDRO COELHO DE ARAÚJO, FEIS/UNESP.

Subjects
Milho, Rotação de culturas, Maize crop, Urea, Plant Science, Green manures, Oxisols, Savannah, Isotope dilution technique, Agronomy and Crop Science, Culturas de cobertura
Abstract

Crop rotation associated with the use of cover crops promotes the introduction of crop residues to the soil, with direct and indirect effects on theavailability of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen (N). The objectivesof this study wereto estimate the N utilization from15N-ureaand cover crop residues (labelled with 15N)of maizecropsgrown in succession,andevaluate the effectsof the isolated and combined use of cover crops and urea on maize plant height, yield components,andgrain yield, grownunderano-tillage system. Field researchwas conductedin anOxisol (Rhodic Haplustox), Cerrado (Savannah) phase. The experimental design was a randomized block with 20 treatments and four replications in a 5x4 factorial scheme. The treatments were four cover cropsspecies: sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp), green velvetbean (Mucuna prurens),and millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.) + spontaneous vegetation (fallow in the off-season),combined with four N rates: 0, 30, 90,and 150 kg ha-1, applied at the sowing and topdressingstages. The results showed that legume covercropsprovided maize grain yieldsequivalent tothe applicationof 80-108 kg ha-1N as urea. TheureaN utilizationby the maize was at an averageof43.5% of the appliedamount.The results indicatethat cover crops, particularly legume cover crops,are an important source of N to non-legume cereals.Legumes used as cover crops can replace nitrogen fertilizers of more than 80 kg ha, which is both environmentally and economically viable for corn production. Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-07T09:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AJCS-Article-2020-1.pdf: 1000820 bytes, checksum: 6a8dc85d340a4761772e6853c369f511 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Published
2020
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7. Biomass and Nutrient Accumulation by Cover Crops and Upland Rice Grown in Succession Under No-Tillage System as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate

Author

SILVA, E. C. da, MURAOKA, T., BASTOS, A. V. S., FRANZINI, V. I., BUZETTI, B., SOARES, F. A. L., TEIXEIRA, M. B., BENDASSOLLI, J. A., Instituto Federal Goiano, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), EDSON CABRAL DA SILVA, IFGOIANO, TAKASHI MURAOKA, USP, ALEFE VIANA SOUZA BASTOS, IFGOIANO, VINICIUS IDE FRANZINI, CPACP, SALATIÉR BUZETTI, FEIS/UNESP, FREDERICO ANTONIO LOUREIRO SOARES, IFGOIANO, MARCONI BATISTA TEIXEIRA, IFGOIANO, and JOSÉ ALBERTO BENDASSOLLI, USP.

Subjects
Oryza Sativa, legumes, nutrient cycling, Plant Science, urea, Mucuna prurens, Arroz Sequeiro, Oryza saliva, Biomassa seca, Cajanus Cajan, grasses, Pennisetum Glaucum, Arroz, Crotalária Juncea, UREIA, mineralization, Biomass, Agronomy and Crop Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:35:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-03-01 Cover plants are intended to cover the soil, protecting it from erosion, nutrient leaching, and providing nutrients through recycling or biological fixation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dry biomass productivity and total accumulation of nutrients in the cover crops shoots and in the upland rice grown in succession; and evaluate the effect of the isolated and combined use of cover crops and urea on upland rice crop, grown under no-tillage system. The field experiment was conducted at Selviria-MS, Brazil, in an Oxisol (Rhodic Ilaplustox), cerrado (savannah) phase. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5x3 factorial scheme. The treatments were four cover crops species: sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), green velvet bean (Mucuna prurens), millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), and spontaneous vegetation (fallow in off-season) combined with 20 kg N ha-1 applied at sowing, 20 kg N ha-1 applied at sowing + 60 kg N ha-1 at plus topdressing, and without mineral N fertilizer application. The millet recycled large amounts of K, Mg, S, and micronutrients, but negatively influenced the rice grain yield grown in succession. There was no response to topdressed mineral N fertilizer when the crop was grown in rotation to legume cover crops. Upland rice under no-tillage showed a positive response to the N fertilization at seeding and when it is grown in rotation with the use of millet or fallow in the off-season. Upland rice also showed a response to N fertilization applied at topdressing. Department of irrigation and hydraulics Instituto Federal Goiano Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture Universidade de São Paulo Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FEIS/UNESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FEIS/UNESP)

Published
2020

12. Bioconversion of cellulosic biomass wastes by Azorean hot spring bacterial consortia

Author

Teixeira, M. B., Cabral, C., Toubarro, D., Alves, M. M., Pinho, D., Egas, C., Simões, N., and Universidade do Minho

Subjects
Engenharia e Tecnologia::Biotecnologia Industrial
Abstract

ECO-BIO 2016, Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is a fundamental step in the carbon cycle and in the industrial bioconversion of biomass to biofuels. In nature cellulose hydrolysis is often catalysed by enzymes from complex microbial communities, nevertheless these studies are limited to a few isolates. Actually the production of biofuels from biomass became a necessity and novel pre-treatments are mandatory to be discovered. Thereby the study of cellulose hydrolysing bacterial communities is a step in achieving a sustainable future in biofuels development. We propose the stabilization of an aerobic thermophilic bacterial consortia (BC) with the ability to adapt and hydrolyse different cellulose-rich wastes. Decaying cellulosic residues were sampled inside Azorean hot springs. Samples were enriched in cellulosic selective medium at 60ºC with growth monitored quantifying DNA. Hydrolysis efficiency was monitored and enzymatic activity was detected using xylan and carboxymetylcellulose (CMC). 16S rRNA hypervariable regions V3/V4 were amplified for phylogenetic characterization of BC using 454 pyrosequencing. Selected BC was able to hydrolyse 50% of cellulose-rich plant mix material in 4 days. Besides hydrolysing low content lignin material as non-wood plants, newspaper and cardboard, the consortia was able to hydrolyse high lignin content material, with lower efficiency. Celulase and xylanase were present in BC and reducing sugars were shown to be higher, compared with control. The phylogenetic results showed a large diversity in the BC with Thermobacillus representing 44% of the consortia, followed by Symbiobacterium 25%, Brevibacillus 16%, Geobacillus 12% and Hipomicrobium 3%. Three Geobacillus species were identified; G. stearothermophilus, G.thermodenitrificans and G.debilis. Further work will comply the isolation of enzyme producing bacteria isolates from the consortia for the construction of new consortia taking in consideration the efficiency of cellulose rich wastes. These results suggest that bacterial communities can be an alternative pre-treatment method of green wastes to obtain molecules to biofuels production., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2016

13. Eficiência de métodos para aferição de temperatura da superfície escrotal durante insulação testicular.

Author

Rizzoto, G., Rossi, E. S., Pupulim, A. G. R., Codognoto, V. M., Mogollon-Garcia, H. D., Teixeira, M. B., Carvalho, J. C., Rattes, P. Z., Oba, E., Trindade, P. H. E., Kastelic, J. P., and Ferreira, J. C. P.

Subjects
INFRARED cameras, CLIMATE change, INSULATING materials, SURFACE temperature, TEMPERATURE measurements
Abstract

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023

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