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The main objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of green mass, prepared hay, silage and haylage from meadow fescue, Festuca pratensis 'Tâmpa', cultivated in the experimental plot of the "Alexandru Ciubotaru" National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. The results revealed that the harvested green mass contained 25.0-29.8 % dry matter. The dry matter of the whole plant contained 112-120 g/kg CP, 361-394 g/kg CF, 78- 79 g/kg ash, 374-381 g/kg ADF, 622-630 g/kg NDF, 34-38 g/kg ADL, 340-343 g/kg Cel, 241-256 g/kg HC, with nutritive and energy value 59.0-61.5% DMD, 54.2-58.1% DOM, RFV=88-89, 9.63-9.71 MJ/kg ME and 5.65- 5.73 MJ/kg NEl. The biochemical composition, nutritive and energy value of prepared hay: 113-125 g/kg CP, 378- 386 g/kg CF, 88-91 g/kg ash, 407-418 g/kg ADF, 651-673 g/kg NDF, 41-43 g/kg ADL, 366-375 g/kg Cel and 244- 255 g/kg HC, 9.0-61.5% DMD, 54.2-58.1% DOM, RFV=88-89, 9.63-9.71 MJ/kg ME and 5.65-5.73 MJ/kg NEl. The fermented fodder, silage and haylage, are characterized by pH = 4.06-4.23, 8.0-8.1 g/kg acetic acid, 29.5-31.2 g/kg lactic acid, 106-119 g/kg CP, 380-399 g/kg CF, 89-96 g/kg ash, 402-414 g/kg ADF, 677-679 g/kg NDF, 28-31 g/kg ADL, 68-76 g/kg TSS, 374-383 g/kg Cel, 402-414 g/kg HC, with nutritive and energy value 56.9-62.2% DMD, 49.2-53.5% DOM, RFV=78-79, 11.27-11.45 MJ/kg DE, 9.63-9.71 MJ/kg ME, 5.65-5.73 MJ/kg NEl. The meadow fescue substrates used for anaerobic digestion have optimal C/N ratio, amount of lignin and hemicellulose. The biochemical methane potential of green mass substrates achieved 346-352 l/kg ODM, silage substrate - 362 l/kg ODM and haylage substrate - 355 l/kg ODM. We consider that the biomass of meadow fescue Festuca pratensis 'Tâmpa' may be used as multi-purpose feed for livestock, and also as feedstock for biogas reactors and renewable energy production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global viticulture and wine export competition is growing exponentially, manifested by the spread of new advanced technologies. These technologies have resulted in improved control over production processes and in the quality improvement of even cheap wines, in the massive entry of exporters from the "New World", whose sales have tripled since 1992. That's why, the emergence of new import and export markets requires original and well-targeted strategies and approaches. Today the wine and viticulture sector in the Republic of Moldova depends on exports. Wine is one of the country's main export products. Over 90 percent of the produced wine production is exported. The wine industry has traditionally been the most powerful sector of the national economy of Moldova. In the past, our country was the largest wine exporter on the USSR market, because every second bottle of wine and every third bottle of sparkling wine was produced in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of sustainable development of the agriculture in the Republic of Moldova has become very important lately. Thus, the sustainable development of the agriculture in the Republic of Moldova can be defined as a continuous and consecutive growth of the agricultural activity results. The development of the agricultural sector is of major importance for the Republic of Moldova. The rural population is 58%, whose income comes from agriculture or from other agricultural activities. That's why, the state should support the rural population, whose income is directly dependent on the agricultural sector. The main objectives of the rural development department are: creating viable rural areas, stimulating economic growth, increasing competition in the agriculture, food and forestry sectors, ensuring a sufficient level of self-sufficiency, rational use of natural resources and tackling climate change, setting favorable conditions for improving the quality of life in rural areas. The Republic of Moldova still has to work on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of a functioning market economy is a prerequisite for the Republic of Moldova to successfully develop its capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the EU. Therefore, at the beginning of the transition period, when the creation and reformation of the public expenditure, taxes, and tax systems was sought in order to ensure their compatibility with the market economy mechanisms along with the changes in the structures of the financial institutions and the national public budget, the functions of the fiscal policy were reasonably focused on the priority role of ensuring the main governmental functions. Over the next few years, after the overall restructuring of the fiscal system, its mechanisms had different effects from what it was expected, in the conditions of a management that proved not to be performing well. This article, in fact, involves dealing with a very complex issue and with numerous and varied interdependencies on the fiscal instruments and the functionality of the national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The viti-vinicultural sector has always offered hope to the Republic of Moldova. After periods of glory and decline, we now increasingly realise that harnessing the potential of this sector would give a new impetus to the economic development of the country. Moldova has favorable pedo-climate conditions for developing viticulture and winemaking, achieving outstanding results in the postwar period. The viti-vinicultural production is an important source of products for export, while its domestic consumption contributes to the formation of the State budget, and the social effect lies in the fact that the viticulture grants, on a large part of the population, employment, income for maintainance and raising the standard of living. The factors that influenced the wine-growing sector stagnation were the cause of the negative phenomena of the period of transition to a market economy, such as: the ban on alcohol consumtion, imposed during the Soviet era; improper privatisation in the early 1990s; natural disasters; frosts in winter 1996-1997. As a result of the catastrophic reduction areas of vineyards and grape harvest, there was insufficiency of circulating assets for the renovation of the sector, and providing cars and equipment for maintenance of vineyards and the production of planting stock is at a low level at the present stage too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The saying "banks create money" can be often heard nowadays. The issue is particularly relevant at present because the idea that banks can create money from nothing has generated social anger. Without a proper understanding, the misconception that banks create money from nothing will continue to influence business patterns in the financial sector and interventions of the monetary policy. The ability of the banking system to create money is influenced by a number of factors. The banking system of the Republic of Moldova faces numerous problems in the process of money creation, and namely: banks eagerly invest in securities only for a short period of time; a significant share of loans in foreign currency in the total of loans; dollarization of the currency and economies; a large share of cash in the money supply structure; an increased degree of risk associated with loan services of the real sector of the national economy - all these factors determine the amount of money created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides the transition to market economy as a specific form of transformations for post socialistic countries, including the Republic of Moldova; besides the necessity to form a form model which would ensure energetic, alimentary and other kinds of vital securities needed by the country's population, it is also necessary to create the country's social/economic structure able to counteract all the existing and recent phenomena caused by the crisis affecting nowadays the world civilization, development of transmission mechanism of processes associated with the development of agriculture for the economic growth, in order to identity perspective strategies for agriculture in the Republic of Moldova; the development of funding policy in the context of strategies of development of enterprises; analysis of the funding policy effects on the capacity of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Moldova; development and elaboration of a financial policy of agricultural value chain for agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Moldova; argumentation of the necessity and opportunity for the innovation promotion in the financial policy of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Moldova. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]