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The main purpose of this study is the data base creation of different textiles moisture management performance for design multilayer textile composites with predicted liquid moisture transport properties. In this paper are the results of studies the influence of fabrics structure and its raw composition on the liquid moisture transport performance of textiles. Moisture management property of the textiles was examined using MMT instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, there is a growing trend towards the functionalization of silk through nanotechnology for the prevention of fiber damage from microbial attack and the enhancement of hygienic aspects. Considering sustainable development and environmental protection, the eco-friendly fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-modified silk using natural extracts has currently become a hot research area. This study presents a facile strategy for the fabrication of colorful and multifunctional silk fabric using biogenic AgNPs prepared by honeysuckle extract as natural reductant and stabilizing agents. The influences of pH and reactant concentrations on the AgNPs synthesis were investigated. The color characteristics and functionalities of AgNPs treated silk were evaluated. The results revealed that the particle size of AgNPs decreased with increasing pH. The diameter of AgNPs decreased with increasing amount of honeysuckle extract and reducing amount of silver nitrate. The transmission electron microscopy image showed that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with a narrow size distribution. The treated silk showed excellent antibacterial activities against E . coli and S . aureus , and certain antioxidant activity. Both of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities were well maintained even after 30 washing cycles. This work provides a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to the fabrication of AgNPs coated silk for colorful and long-term multifunctional textiles using honeysuckle extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin wetness perception (WP) greatly affects thermal and sensorial discomfort in clothing and as such is of great interest to the clothing industry. Following neurophysiological studies of WP, this study looks at textile parameters affecting WP. Twenty-four fabrics varying in thickness, fiber type and absorption capacity were studied. Using 12 participants (males/females), the WP induced was studied in four wetness states: 1. Dry; 2. absolute (ABS), all having the same absolute water content of 2400 µL per sample (=0.24 µL mm−2); 3. 100REL, saturated with water to their individual absorption capacity; 4. 50REL, to 50% of the value in 3. As total absorption capacity was highly correlated (r = 0.99) to fabric thickness, conditions 3 and 4 were equivalent to having the same water content per volume of textile, i.e. 0.8 and 0.4 µL mm−3, respectively. Samples were applied to the upper back statically to minimize the contribution of surface roughness/friction. WP was highly correlated to drop in skin temperature induced by the wet fabric, and increased with application pressure of the fabric. No effect of fiber type was observed. In REL, with equal µL mm−3, WP showed a positive correlation to total fabric water-content-per-area (µL mm−2), and thus also to thickness, given the correlation between the latter two, with saturation above 1.5 µL mm−2. In ABS, on the other hand, with equal µL mm−2, and thus with relative water content (µL mm µL mm−3) inversely proportional to thickness, WP was also inversely proportional to thickness. Thus WP showed opposing responses depending on the wetting type, indicating that the methodology of manipulating water content should be selected in relation to the product end-use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercially-available, bleached cotton fibers, rayon, and their hydroentangled counterparts were carboxymethylated to produce cellulosic products with increased absorbency. These cellulose materials were tested for absorbance, spectroscopic properties, degree of substitution and carding ability. Carboxymethylated fibers and hydroentangled webs exhibited increased water retention as the degree of substitution increased before losing fiber integrity and carding ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study compared the tensile and low velocity impact (LVI) response of Kevlar/basalt fabrics. Homogeneous and hybrid fabrics with structures of two dimensional plain woven (2D-P) and three dimensional angle-interlock (3D-A) were woven with Kevlar and basalt yarns. Interlacing of brittle basalt yarns with high-ductility/high-toughness Kevlar yarns enhanced the tensile strength of 2D-P fabrics by 5.39–50.29% and 3D-A fabrics by 14.80%. Similarly hybridization enhanced the energy absorption of 2D-P fabrics by 8.58–37.71% and 3D-A fabrics by 13.45–20.14%. Change in the architecture from 2D-P to 3D-A also enhanced the tensile and impact resistance of fabrics. Different failure modes induced due to tensile and LVI loads were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disperse dyes containing a β-sulphatoethylsulphonyl group have temporary solubility and can be applied for dispersant-free dyeing of hydrophobic fibre. Six novel temporarily solubilised azo disperse dyes having a β-sulphatoethylsulphonyl group in their structures were synthesised, and their dyeing properties on polyester were investigated. As a dye intermediate, a diazo component having dibromo groups was prepared, and 4-diethylamino-4′-(2-sulphatoethylsulphonyl-4,6-dibromo)azobenzene dyes were prepared by a diazo-coupling reaction. Then, the dyes containing dicyano groups were prepared by cyanation of corresponding dyes with dibromo groups. The absorption maxima of the dyes were affected by the substituents in the diazo and coupling component rings and varied from 434 to 616 nm in dimethylformamide. Polyethylene terephthalate woven fabric could be dyed with the synthesised temporarily solubilised dyes without using any dispersants. Dyebath pH affected the K/ S value at maximum absorption as well as percentage exhaustion on polyethylene terephthalate fabric, and the optimum pH was 5. The dyes gave brownish orange, red, purple, and greenish blue hues on polyethylene terephthalate fabrics, and colour build-up was good. Wash fastness was good to excellent, rubbing fastness was moderate to excellent, and light fastness was poor to moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chitosan/gelatin composite microsphere ( CGMS) adsorbent prepared by inverse suspension was used as a reactive dye washing agent. Techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and atomic force microscopy facilitated the evaluation of the materials. A series of experiments were conducted to assess the effect of variables, i.e. initial pH, temperature, microsphere dosage, and contact time. The wash-off effectiveness increased with increase in temperature and decrease in pH. Results obtained from this study showed that it was possible to reduce the number of wash-off stages and the water consumption. Furthermore, the microspheres had the properties of resistance to hard water and electrolyte as a wash-off agent. The efficiency of the microspheres can rival routine detergent in colour fastness, while the chemical oxygen demand of the wash-off residue of the microspheres amounted to about 1/10 of the chemical oxygen demand of detergent wash-off residue. This research proved that chitosan/gelatin composite microspheres are a potential candidate for use as an adsorbent washing agent for reactive dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gallinaceous feathers (from Gallus gallus domesticus, strains Cobb 500 and Label) were used as adsorbent for colour removal from a simulated textile effluent containing a wool reactive dye, the Yellow Lanasol 4G (CI Reactive Yellow 39). A brief chemical and physical characterisation of feathers was performed. Equilibrium studies at different selected temperatures, in the range 10-60 °C, were carried out. The equilibrium data were analysed using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Adsorption capacity strongly increases with temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of around 300 mg g−1 was obtained for Gallus gallus feathers, strain Cobb 500, at 60 °C, while for strain Label, 200 mg g−1 was obtained at 50 °C. For each type of feather a generalised model, valid for a given temperature range, was obtained. The isosteric heat of adsorption calculated was positive, so the mechanism involved in the adsorption process should correspond to endothermic chemisorption. This study provides important information concerning the use of gallinaceous feathers without any chemical treatment for colour removal from real textile wastewaters. The results in this study indicated that gallinaceous feathers, when compared with activated carbon, open promising perspectives concerning their utilisation for colour removal from textile effluent discharged at high temperatures; moreover, it would be an alternative for the valorisation of this waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the traditional dyeing processes using synthetic dyes, biological dyeing method has a bright future in the textile industry due to their advantages of environmentally-friendly and milder processing conditions. Biological dyeing involves the catalysis of phenolic monomers by oxidoreductases, such as laccase, to form the colorful polymers used for dyeing. In this study, wool fabrics were treated with laccase/phenol via a one- or two-step treatment, and polymers synthesized in-situ were used to dye wool fabrics. The K/S values of the wool fabrics were evaluated under different treatment conditions, including the dosages of laccase and dye precursor, temperature, pH, mediator type, and mechanical agitation. The surface of wool fibers was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the dyeing effect of the wool fabric samples using the single step processing method of in-situ color synthesis and fabric dyeing was better than those dyed using the two-step methods of color synthesis and fabric dyeing under the same conditions. The color depth of the dyed wool fabrics increased gradually with increasing concentration of laccase, and also depended on other process parameters, such as dosage of catechol, temperature, and pH. Moreover, addition of mediators and adjustment of mechanical agitation also improved the color depth of the wool fabrics which were dyed in-situ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of adsorption models for predicting the properties of adsorbents. The kinetics of the adsorption of NO3- ions on a PP-g-AA-Am non-woven fabric have been investigated under equilibrium conditions in both batch and fixed bed column processes. The adsorption equilibrium experiments in the batch process were carried out under different adsorbate concentration and adsorbent dosage conditions and the results were analyzed using adsorption isotherm models, energy models, and kinetic models. The results of the analysis indicate that the adsorption occurring at a fixed adsorbate concentration with a varying adsorbent dosage occur more easily compared to those under a fixed adsorbent dosage with a varying adsorbate concentration. In the second part of the study, the experimental data obtained using fixed bed columns were fit to Bed Depth Service Time, Bohart-Adams, Clark, and Wolborska models, to predict the breakthrough curves and determine the column kinetic parameters. The adsorption properties of the NO3- ions on the PP-g-AA-Am non-woven fabric were differently described by different models for both the batch and fixed bed column process. Therefore, it appears reasonable to assume that the adsorption properties were dominated by multiple mechanisms, depending on the experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of some finishing processes has been studied on the performance characteristics of woven and warp-knitted terry fabrics with open-end pile warp. Terry fabrics of similar structural parameters have been produced by weaving or warp knitting and then subjected tofinishing processes which are commonly applied by the textile industry. Samples are extracted at different stages of the finishing processes. Water absorption behavior, structural parameters, and mechanical properties are evaluated and the results are compared by statistical analysis of the obtained data. It is observed that compared to greige terry fabrics, the finishing treatment increases basis weight and dimensional stability due to shrinkage occurred with relaxation, water absorption rate due to the removal of size and other hydrophobic substances, and elongation ratio because of the elimination of size film during pretreatment processing. Woven terry fabrics give higher strength values and warp-knitted terry fabrics show higher elongation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reddish brown pigment lias been extracted from dry mycelium of Alternaria alternata in methanol and then evaluated tor dyeing efficacy on cotton fabrics. The pigment producing fungus A. alternata is grown in maize grain broth maintained at pH 6. Shade of Sienna is obtained on cotton. Dyed cotton fabric has recorded a grey scale rating of 2-3 and 4-5 for colour fastness and multi fibre staining respectively. Maximum dye absorption of 63% has been observed on cotton fabrics. The antimicrobial property of dyed fabric is also tested. Potent antimicrobial activity is observed against Staphylococcus epidermis (42 mm) and Streptococcus pyogenes (39 mm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, bamboo charcoal, lyocell, bamboo and micro polyester yarns have been used to enhance the moisture and thermal management properties of the functional fabrics. Two tri-layer fabrics are developed by using both knitted and woven structures. These fabrics are then evaluated for the comfort characteristics, such as water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity, water absorption, wicking, drying rate and spreading rate. The results reveal that the tri-layer weft knitted fabrics possess exceptionally good functional characteristics, such as air permeability, water vapour permeability, transverse wicking and drying rate, due to their structural factors as compared to the woven tri-layer fabrics. The woven tri-layer fabric possesses higher thermal conductivity, water absorption and vertical wicking than the knitted structure. The effects of fibre content on the properties of tri-layer fabrics are alsofound to be significant. The tri-layer fabric made of bamboo charcoal/micro polyester/lyocel! exhibits higher air permeability, water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity, wicking tendency and faster drying rate. In the case of tri-layer fabric made of bamboo/ micro polyester/lyocell combination, the water absorption, verticle wicking, transverse wicking and spreading areas are found to be high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound management has become more sophisticated as modern wound dressings now focus more on providing an optimal microclimate for wound healing. As a novel three-dimensional textile material, warp-knitted spacer fabrics are versatile enough to meet special requirements when their parameters are changed. This paper reports on an experimental study on the required physical properties of warp-knitted spacer fabrics that can be developed as an absorbent layer for advanced wound dressing. Three types of wound dressings available on the market have been chosen that are especially used for burns and ulcers, as they are designed to provide good absorbing of extrudes and a cushioning effect. The physical properties of spacer fabrics, including air permeability, thermal conductivity, water vapor permeability, absorbency and compression, are evaluated and compared with those of existing wound dressings. The results show that the air and water vapor permeabilities and the thermal conductivity of warp-knitted spacer fabrics are competitive enough to prove that spacer fabrics can also provide a good ventilated environment for wound healing. Their good compressional resistance and compressional resilience indicate that warp-knitted spacer fabrics can provide good protection as wound dressings. Although their absorbency is only somewhat better than some of the wound dressings, they are also good for wounds with no heavy extrudes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride (ADBAC), a cationic surfactant commonly employed as an antimicrobial agent, on hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics (applicable for wipes) including raw cotton, bleached cotton, and their blends with polyester (PES) were studied at room temperature. The adsorption kinetics of ADBAC on all nonwoven fabrics was best described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Unlike bleached cotton/PES blends, the equilibrium adsorption capacities of ADBAC on raw cotton/PES blends were enhanced in comparison with predictions based on the binary mixing rule. The adsorption rates for raw cotton, determined by the KASRA (kinetics of adsorption study in the regions with constant adsorption acceleration) model and Elovich equation, were significantly greater than those for bleached cotton, resulting in a rapid decrease of adsorption rates when blending with PES, which has a negligible interaction with ADBAC. This distinctive adsorption property of raw cotton was attributed to its unique surface characteristics induced by the hydroentangling process: retained pectin, partial removal of waxes, and surface fibrillation, which enhance electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction, and accessible surface area to ADBAC, respectively. In adsorption isotherms, raw cotton/PES blends exhibited a non-linear decrease in maximum adsorption capacity and monolayer adsorption capacity, calculated by the Langmuir and Langmuir-type equations, respectively, as a function of PES blend ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose – Clothing comfort has been one important and complex area which is the result of a balanced process of heat and moisture/liquid exchange between the human body, the clothing system and the environment. And the clothes will represent different properties when they are in different conditions, which have great influence on human comfort. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the hygroscopicity-exothermicity property of plain cotton fabric. Design/methodology/approach – A real-time testing device for monitoring the temperature change of cotton fabrics after adsorbing liquids was constructed, and serveral liuqids such as water, NaCl solution with different concentrations, NaOH solution with different concentrations, and urea solution with different concentrations were used in this work. Findings – It was found out that absorption of liquids by cotton fabric was followed by the liberation of heat, which increased the temperature of cotton fabric as well as the temperature of surrounding environment, and the process of temperature increase was much shorter than the process of temperature decrease. In addition, the released heat energy were different according to different liquids as well as the concentrations of liquid solutions. Originality/value – There have some studies in the heat of water/vapor sorption of textiles. Here the temperature changes of surrounding environment and fabric after absorbing different liquids were real-time observed and recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a critical review of the evolved theories and mechanisms of water absorption in terry fabric has been reported along with the key factors to improve the water absorption. Critical analysis of all the information helps to understand and choose the most realistic theory and mechanism of water absorption of terry fabric which will be helpful in designing the most absorbent terry fabric. Both dynamic and static water absorbency along with the initial time lag immerse to be the equally important attributes of the water absorbency performance of terry fabrics. High loop shape factor is the key to improve the absorbency behaviour of the terry fabric. Study of cross-section images of different fabric is the original work of the authors for supporting the concluding theory, mechanism and results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach for the kinematic design of a rapier drive mechanism containing a spatial mechanism and analyses rapier motion curve. Kinematic design and analysis equations are derived and then the link lengths of the spatial mechanism are calculated in order to satisfy the critical rapier positions inside and outside the shed. In this way, the portions of one loom revolution, during which the rapiers are inside and outside the shed, are determined. The rapier motion curve is obtained by using kinematic analysis equations. It is shown that the position of the oscillating link in the spatial mechanism and the loom main shaft angle at which the rapier enters the shed have the most significant effect on the rapier motion curve. The gear ratio has also some effect on the rapier motion curve. Different rapier motion curves are obtained by changing these parameters and the suitability of these curves for rapier motion is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An innovative TiO2/iron oxide/Ag nanoparticle, with crystal size of about 25 nm, was synthesized on polyester fabric to achieve different multi-features, including super-paramagnetism, antibacterial and enhanced self-cleaning properties. Treatment temperature was varied at boiling and 130°C, creating TiO2/magnetite/silver and TiO2/hematite/silver nanoparticles, respectively. The alkaline hydrolysis of the polyester surface was accompanied by nanoparticle synthesis, which forms a more active surface for nanoparticle adsorption. The co-operation of iron oxide and silver nanoparticles on the TiO2 surface synergistically improved the self-cleaning efficiency of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by separation of electron-hole pairs, three and four times, for fabrics treated with TiO2/Fe3O4/silver and TiO2/α-Fe2O3/silver nanoparticles, respectively, compared with their corresponding control samples. Moreover, both TiO2/iron oxide/Ag nanoparticle treated samples indicated an antibacterial efficiency of ≥ 99:99% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Findings suggested that the developed magneto, bio and photo activities could be idealized, depending on the end use of the treated fabrics, through incorporation of different iron oxides in the prepared nanoparticles; magnetite providing the highest saturation magnetization and hematite the best self-cleaning toward degradation of methylene blue under sunlight irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research paper is to investigate the important factors that contribute to the absorbency characteristics of terry fabric in order to produce highly absorbent terry towels by using suitable raw materials and changing the fabric constructional parameters. Yarns produced from two varieties of cotton (100% J-34 and MCU-5) and their blends with bamboo and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) with different counts, twist and number of plies are used to prepare terry fabric of varying loop densities, loop lengths and loop shape factors. The water absorption rate and the total amount of water absorbed are measured by a gravimetric absorbency testing system (GATS). It is found that loop density is the most important parameter for water absorption rate followed by loop length and yarn twist. For the total amount of water absorbed, loop density is again the most important parameter followed by yarn twist, loop shape factor and number of ply in the pile yarn. Furthermore, a Box-Behnken statistical design with 3 factors and 3 levels is used to determine the optimum construction parameters to obtain the desired absorbency characteristics of terry towels and also to see the interaction effect of the various factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apparel fabrics are constructed of large numbers of fibers, spun into thread and woven and treated with sizing into final structures, giving rise to a number of different surface properties. A method to record and analyze the friction sound emitted from model fabrics (uniform, single-fiber polyester meshes) and apparel fabrics was developed and the relationship between microstructure and the sound emitted was established. The effect that surface modification (conditioning) has on sound emission was also investigated.Fabric sounds were captured as a result of friction, producing sound spectra (frequency versus amplitude), from which total noise could be calculated. This was compared to the fabrics’ microstructure. The shape of the sound spectra varied as a result of the structure of the model fabrics, with experimentally measured frequencies being comparable to predicted frequencies calculated. It is possible to produce a ‘fingerprint’ of acoustics, based on the thread diameter and aperture size of single-fiber structures.Spectra produced for apparel fabrics were broader than for the model fabrics (possibly as a result of the multifiber structure), and the level of total noise differed between the three fabrics, with total noise being strongly correlated to surface roughness and weight. A relationship between the total frictional noises emitted from surfaces of different materials has previously been investigated.Conditioning fabrics, no treatment and desizing the fabrics did not have a significant effect on surface roughness, weight or total noise. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the study, it is aimed to experimentally and statistically compare the results of selected three different water absorption test methods and for this purpose, terry fabrics having different physical properties and pretreated with sodium hydroxide were used as samples. Correlation and curve estimation analyses were carried out using the obtained hydrophilicity values and degrees as input data. As a result, it was determined that 50% of the samples have the same hydrophilicity degree in three test methods, and a high correlation was detected between the hydrophilicity degrees obtained by water flow and drop tests. In addition, generally, it was concluded that increasing pile height and weight in water have positive effects on hydrophilicity property. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to present research work about the mode in which the water sorption-desorption process is influenced by the type of spinning yarns (dry or wet) and by the type of roving treatment (boiling or bleaching) in the case of flax and hemp yarns. The hygroscopic properties of fibres, yarns and woven fabrics from flax and hemp boiled or bleached were investigated at different relative humidities. The saturation limit of moisture absorption of the fibres varies depending on the source as well as pre-treatment of the sample. The effect of water quantity absorbed on the electrical resistance of the fibres and yarns and on the mechanical properties was examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A textile material's ability to pass water vapour greatly affects the comfort of the wearer. Terry fabrics are characterised by their high absorption ability acquired by an increased absorbing surface of the pile structure. In this study we set out to elucidate the effects of textile structure and finishing technology on the vapour absorption of material. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the water vapour absorption of linen/cotton and hemp/cotton terry woven fabrics with respect to pile height and finishing procedures. The terry textiles used in the experimental work were made with a pile height of 6, 9, and 12 mm. The research demonstrated that the character of the water vapour absorption of terry woven fabrics depends on the fabric structure and finishing applied. It was found that various finishing operations such as washing in water, washing with detergent and softening as well as washing with detergent, softening, and tumbling processes had an influence on the water vapour absorption of terry fabrics. The uniformity of dispersions was proved for the variants investigated. High informativity of the experiment was found by analysing the data of water vapour absorption of tumbled linen/cotton terry fabric with a 12 mm pile height. The polynomial regression showed a match with experimental data with a regression of R² = 0.7687. From this empiric model, the effect of the tumbling period can be understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, Oreganum onites L. stalks in natural and chemically modified with HNO3 and H3PO4 used as adsorbent for removal of both acidic and basic dyes from waters. The adsorption was studied as a function of pH and contact time by batch method. All tested biosorbents were characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy, and measuring the pH dependence of the zeta potential. The adsorption isotherms were fitted to Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of dyes was 280.73 mg g−1 for Basic Red 18, 147.06 mg g−1 for methylene blue and 112.36 for Acid Red 111, which is comparable to that of other lignocellulosic materials. The modification process was considerably increased the biosorption capacity of lignocellulosic material, resulting in a 56-63% increase in the biosorption capacity of basic dyes and a 125% increase in the biosorption capacity of acidic dye. The present study illustrated that the most effective factors in the adsorption of basic dye were surface charge and acidic groups on lignocellulosic biosorbents, while non-electrostatic forces as well as electrostatic forces were also effective in the adsorption of acidic dye. In conclusion, Oreganum stalks can be considered as a very prospective adsorbent for the removal of tested basic and acidic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compression garments are constructed to have a negative fit where the size of the garment is smaller than that of the body over which they are fitted. Due to this negative fit, these types of garments generate pressure on the underlying tissue of the human body where the inner surface of these garments is in full contact with the wearer’s skin. Sensorial or tactile comfort is an important part of an overall physiological comfort of sport apparel. The friction between fabric and skin and the fabric surface roughness are two important components in evaluation of the sensorial comfort of fabrics and materials. The objective of this study is to investigate and compare the material surface characteristics of fabrics suitable for the sport compression garments under conditions similar to those when such garments are worn. The study quantitatively examines and evaluates the effects of fabric construction, physical structural parameters and especially fabric elastic deformation on the fabric surface topography as relevant to the practical wear of sport garments with negative fit made from it. In addition, the influence of the presence of moisture in the fabrics due to the sweat absorption during strenuous physical activity on the textile surface characteristics is addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the effect of microencapsulated phase change materials (MCPCM) on heat and moisture transfer in porous textiles, a new model of simultaneous transport in textiles with MCPCM was developed. In this model the effects of phase transition temperature range on phase change processes and heat transfer, and the effects of heating/cooling rate on characteristic temperature and latent heat of the phase change materials (PCM) were considered. Heat and moisture transfer in textiles was considered as a coupled process by fiber moisture sorption/desorption. Meanwhile, the apparent heat capacity method was used to deal with the simulation of phase transition process, and the finite volume method was utilized to solve the governing equations. The computational results were consistent with experimental observations, indicating that the model is able to predict the temperature changes during heat and moisture transfer in porous textiles with MCPCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanoparticle colloid was prepared through the reduction of silver nitrate by modified hyperbranched polymer (MHBP) in aqueous solution. The generated silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, Nano-Sizer and TEM. The diameter of silver nanoparticle was around 10 nm and could disperse well in the aqueous solution with excellent stability. Then the silver nanoparticle colloid was diluted in order to treat the silk fabric. The results showed that there were plenty of silver nanoparticles dispersed well on the surface of silk fibers. The treated silk fabric exhibited excellent antibacterial activity. When the silver content of treated silk fabric was 109.80 mg/kg, the bacterial reduction rates against S.aureus and E.coli were 99.46% and 99.25% respectively, and beyond 98% even after washing 50 times [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water absorption and transport property of textiles is important since it affects wear comfort, efficiency of treatment and functionality of product. This paper introduces an accurate and reliable measurement tester, which is based on gravimetric and image analysis technique, for characterising the transplanar and in-plane wicking property of fabrics. The uniqueness of this instrument is that it is able to directly measure the water absorption amount in real-time, monitor the direction of water transport and estimate the amount of water left on skin when sweating. Throughout the experiment, water supply is continuous which simulates profuse sweating. Testing automation could even minimise variation caused by subjective manipulation, thus enhancing testing accuracy. This instrument is versatile in terms of the fabrics could be tested. A series of shirting fabrics made by different fabric structure and yarn were investigated and the results show that the proposed method has high sensitivity in differentiating fabrics with varying geometrical differences. Fabrics with known hydrophobicity were additionally tested to examine the sensitivity of the instrument. This instrument also demonstrates the flexibility to test on high performance moisture management fabrics and these fabrics were found to have excellent transplanar and in-plane wicking properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]