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The lichen family Teloschistaceae (Teloschistales, lichenized Ascomycota) included ten genera and ca 500 species prior to the molecular era (Kärnefelt 1989). Since then, molecular studies resulted in today's ca 112 genera and ca 1200 species (e.g., Fayyaz et al. 2022; Kondratyuk et al. 2022a, 2022b). New species and genera in the Teloschistaceae, based on recently discovered monophyletic branches, are presented.

The new locality of the Red-listed lichen Cetrelia cetrarioides was discovered in Belovezhskaya Puscha National Park. The occurrence of this species was confirmed by the sequence of the ITS region.

Lungwort lichen, Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., was surveyed in the southwesternBaltic Area in 2016–2018. At each of the localities, the habitat ecology and lichen viability were investigated. A substantial decline was noted, particularly in Skåne. The commonest habitats for L. pulmonaria in southernmost Sweden are lime-maple and species-poor, oligotrophic beech forests, and the commonest substrates were trunks of beech and maple, followed by oak. Lobaria pulmonaria often survived on trees growing on rocky boulder-rich, meso- to oligotrophic soils in the upper part of steep slopes. Localities with a locally cool climate and a stable environment in terms of light, moisture and temperature, with only a minor influence of air pollution, agriculture and forestry practices are preferred. Current and historical distributions in Denmark, northern Germany, northwestern Poland and nemoral parts of Skåne, Blekinge, southwesternmost Småland and southern Öland are presented.

Vi har tidigare tagit del av av flera olika inventeringar av lunglaven i södra Sverige. Nu har projektet gått in i en ny fas och man vill försöka förstå mikroklimatet vid förekomster av lunglaven. Läs mer om hur man vill gå tillväga.

Sites of Lobaria pulmonaria reported from the nemoral zone of the Swedish provinces Skåne and Blekinge since 1990 were revisited. At each locality, the habitat ecology and lichen viability were investigated. A substantial decline was noted, particularly in Skåne, as L. pulmonaria was found at only 24 sites, 22 of which were forests and two were wooded meadows. The commonest habitats for L. pulmonaria were Tilio-Acerion forests and species-poor, oligotrophic beech forests, and the commonest substrates were trunks of Acer platanoides and Fagus sylvatica, followed by Quercus robur. The inhabited trees grew often in the upper part of steep slopes or rock faces, either on rocky or boulder-rich, meso- to oligotrophic soils. Lobaria pulmonaria showed a preference for locally cool climates. It had survived at sites offering a stable environment in terms of light, moisture and temperature, with minor influence of air pollution, agriculture and forestry practices.

The current use of a 30 million year dateline for accepting genera in the Parmeliaceae is evaluated. Its value is doubtful since evolution obviously went quicker in some lichen groups compared with others. Parallel evolution is also very common among lichens. Polyphyletic genera should always be split, while sister groups may remain split or be combined after considering non-molecular characters. Researchers dealing with the same groups should consult each other in an endeavour to achieve consensus. The most recent changes in taxonomy in the Nordic Parmeliaceae relate to the cetrarioid group, the last large clade to be revised. The division into two large genera, Cetraria and Nephromopsis, is supported, with a recommendation to retain Masonhalea due to its unique non-molecular characters. Three cases of parallel evolution in Cetraria and Nephromopsis are illustrated. Synonymization of Gowardia with Alectoria is supported, whereas synonymization of the parasitic genera Raesaenenia and Nesolechia with Protousnea and Punctelia respectively seems hardly necessary. Segregation of Montanelia from Melanelia is strongly supported, in contrast to the morphologically similar sister groups of Usnea, Dolochousnea and Eumitria, being recognised as separate genera.

I förra numret av Lavbulletinen meddelade vi att lunglaven var utgången från sin enda kustnära lokal i Småland söder om Kalmar En uppmärksam läsare, Olof Persson, berättade strax efteråt att den fortfarande finns kvar vid Kristinelunds herrgård i Mortorp sydväst om Kalmar.

Kustkaklav Xanthoparmelia tinctina förekommer på västkusten i Sverige. I denna artikel kartläggs arten med hjälp av litteratur och samlingar. Morfologi, kemi och DNA har undersökts på ett nyinsamlat exemplar med apothecier från Åsa i Ölmevalla socken i Halland. Ytterligare ett antal fertila herbariebelägg från Halland och Bohuslän anges, vilket är anmärkningsvärt då arten bara rapporterats fertil en gång tidigare.

Inventeringen av lunglav Lobaria pulmonaria vid Östersjön fortsatte under våren 2017. I år besöktes nordöstra Skåne, Blekinges och sydöstra Smålands kusttrakter och södra Öland. Jämfört med fjorårets inventering i Skåne blev årets resultat betydligt mer glädjande. Lunglaven fanns kvar på 60% av de gamla lokalerna jämfört med 25% i den nemorala delen av Skåne.

Revised information on the morphology, chemistry and distribution of species of Parmelia s. str. in Fennoscandia is presented. Although Parmelia ernstiae was earlier believed to be chemically distinct from P. serrana in terms of lobaric acid, its presence in all studied samples detected by TLC means that these two semi-cryptic species can no longer be chemically separated. All three species are increasing in frequency and spreading northwards in Fennoscandia. Parmelia serrana is reported as new to Zealand in Denmark.

The new species Eilifdahlia schwarzii F. Schumm & S. Y. Kondr. is described. It differs from the more common southern Australian E. dahlii (Elix, S. Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A. Thell, J. Kim, A. S. Kondr. & J.-S. Hur in having a poorly developed whitish thallus, bright yellow to bright yellow-orange apothecia, with a persistent glossy margin, a proper exciple with scleroplectenchymatous tissue, longer ascospores, and wider ascospore septa. The new species is known from scattered localities in Western Australia. The new combination E. sergeyana (Kantvilas) S. Y. Kondr., Elix, Kärnefelt & A. Thell is made, and a key to the species of Eilifdahlia is presented.

The distinguishing morphological and chemical characters of nine species of Parmelia Ach. s. str. occurring in the southern Baltic region, namely P. barrenoae Divakar et al., P. ernstiae Feuerer & A. Thell, P. fraudans (Nyl.) Nyl., P. omphalodes (L.) Ach. (including both subspecies P. omphalodes ssp. discordans (Nyl.) Skult and P. omphalodes ssp. omphalodes, P. pinnatifida Kurok., P. saxatilis (L.) Ach., P serrana A. Crespo et al., P. submontana Nádv. ex Hale and P. sulcata Taylor, are presented. Four of the species are cryptic or semi-cryptic, being recent segregates from P. saxatilis and P. sulcata based primarily on evidence derived from molecular analyses. P. ernstiae was formerly believed to be chemically distinct from P. serrana by the presence of lobaric acid, but recently this has been reported in both species. Furthermore, three chemotypes of P. serrana have been found by TLC in solvents A, C and G: 1) atranorin, consalazinic, salazinic and lichesterinic acids; 2) atranorin, consalazinic, salazinic, protolichesterinic and lichesterinic acids; 3) atranorin, consalazinic, salazinic, protolichesterinic, lichesterinic and lobaric acids. The first chemotype is rarely found while the other two appear to be common. At least three of the species, P. ernstiae, P. serrana and P. submontana are increasing in frequency in the region and spreading northwards.

Humlesugan, Betonica officinalis L., är en avden skandinaviska florans sällsyntaste växteroch samtidigt en av de arter som har denlängsta dokumenterade historien. Den rapporteradesfrån Stehag väster om Ringsjön i Skåneav Christiern Pedersen redan 1534, Skånesäldsta litteraturuppgift där en växtart knytstill en lokal. I övriga Danmark beskrevs denmed lokaluppgift första gången av Peder LauridsenKylling 1688, från Lolland och Rygaardnorr om Köpenhamn. Litteratur och samlingarvittnar om att humlesugan var vanligare förr,när ängarna utgjorde en betydande del avlandskapet. Litteraturuppgifter för humlesuganunder 500 år redovisas tillsammans meden studie av artens nuvarande utbredning iSkåne och Danmark. Endast sju lokaler återstår,fem i västra centrala Skåne och två påsödra Lolland i Danmark. I detta arbete följshumlesugan i litteraturen och samlingarnaunder 500 år. Studien är kompletterad med enundersökning av dess nuvarande utbredningi Skåne och Danmark och en diskussion omartens möjligheter att överleva i det modernalandskapet.

Humlesugan, Betonica officinalis L., är en av den skandinaviska florans sällsyntaste växter och samtidigt en av de arter som har den längsta dokumenterade historien. Den rapporterades från Stehag väster om Ringsjön i Skåne av Christiern Pedersen redan 1534, Skånes äldsta litteraturuppgift där en växtart knyts till en lokal. I övriga Danmark beskrevs den med lokaluppgift första gången av Peder Lauridsen Kylling 1688, från Lolland och Rygaard norr om Köpenhamn. Litteratur och samlingar vittnar om att humlesugan var vanligare förr, när ängarna utgjorde en betydande del av landskapet. Litteraturuppgifter för humlesugan under 500 år redovisas tillsammans med en studie av artens nuvarande utbredning i Skåne och Danmark. Endast sex lokaler återstår, fem i västra centrala Skåne och en på södra Lolland i Danmark. I detta arbete följs humlesugan i litteraturen och samlingarna under 500 år. Studien är kompletterad med en undersökning av dess nuvarande utbredning i Skåne och Danmark och en diskussion om artens möjligheter att överleva i det moderna landskapet.

Three species, Orientophila fauriei, O. jungakimae and O. yokjidoensis, from South Korea are described as new, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa.