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Happiness isn't just a state of mind. It's also a state of body.Standing straight can give you a shot of confidence and forcing a smile might improve your mood. But do you know why? We generally believe that the brain is the big computer telling our bodies how to respond, but new research shows that the system often works in reverse. Your body reacts first, and your brain then interprets the physical signals. As you walk by a dark alley, your heart starts pounding and only then does your brain get the message: I'm scared! The body can also send messages about positive emotions, allowing you to experience more happiness, love, and joy.Based on groundbreaking research and expert opinions, What Your Body Knows About Happiness will teach you:How to use your body to spark your creativityHow to find joy through your sensesHow changing your environment can improve your moodThe unexpected powers of diet, exercise, and sexThe ways your brain can resolve bodily painHow to create optimism through your bodyIn What Your Body Knows About Happiness, Janice Kaplan, the New York Times bestselling author of The Gratitude Diaries, explores the startling new evidence showing that our feeling bodies are often smarter than our thinking minds. Talking to experts in a wide range of fields, she brings her distinctive brand of conversation, humor, and storytelling to scientific research, drawing unexpected links that reveal the power of body-mind connections. You'll also get tips and strategies for knowing your body in a whole new way—leading to greater happiness and pleasure every day.

All kids occasionally space out, get sidetracked, run out of time, or explode in frustration/m-/but some do it much more often than others. If you have a “smart but scattered” child, take heart. This encouraging guide is grounded in research on the crucial brain-based skills that 4- to 13-year-olds need to get organized, stay focused, and control their impulses and emotions. The expert authors guide you to identify your child's executive strengths and weaknesses, boost skills that are lacking, fix everyday routines that don't work, and reduce [ital]everyone's[/ital] stress. Including new research, new and updated vignettes, and'A Good Place to Start'suggestions for each skill, the revised and updated second edition features a new chapter on technology and a greatly expanded school chapter. Helpful practical tools can be downloaded and printed. See also the authors'Smart but Scattered Teens, Smart but Scattered--and Stalled (with a focus on emerging adults), and The Smart but Scattered Guide to Success (with a focus on adults).

Secular Religions: The Key Concepts provides a concise guide to those ideologies, worldviews, and social, political, economic, and cultural phenomena that are most often described as the modern counterparts of traditional religions.Although there are many other terms in use (quasi, pseudo, ersatz, political, civil, etc.), it is “secular religion” that best expresses the problematic nature of all such descriptions, which maintain that modern belief systems and practices are secular on the one hand and religious on the other. Today, the topic is as popular as ever, and secular religions are discovered far and wide. Hence, a critical summary is urgently necessary. The juxtaposed title is itself an expression of ironic distance. The book emphasizes inherent tensions of relevant literature in a critical and informative fashion. The author provides over 100 entries, from abortion to wokeness, as well as a detailed introduction, which gives an overview of the different definitions of “religion” and “secular religion” as well as the history of secular-religious comparisons. The main text reconstructs the argument of several key works on each given topic, while lists of sources for further reading are provided at the end of each entry.This book provides a clear introduction to “secular religions” and will appeal to researchers and students of religious studies, political philosophy, political theology, the history of ideologies, and cultural studies.

Making decisions intelligently, rationally and with a sense of personal investment requires a considerable degree of critical thinking. To choose badly based on disinformation or high emotionality, rather than on the intelligent interpretation of data, leads us down a path from which there is often no safe return. Thomas Jefferson wrote that a well-informed electorate is a prerequisite to democracy. That is why one of the most important attributes for citizenship in that democracy is our ability to use intelligent habits of mind to interpret data, to distill disinformation from sound information, to use the best information to make sound and rational decisions to solve the many complex and varied problems that arise. Thinking Matters: A Guide to Making Wiser and More Thoughtful Decisions offers readers an opportunity to examine what it means to use intelligent habits of mind to make wise, rational and informed choices, and deal more logically with problems that impact their lives.

This edited volume presents perspectives from computer science, information theory, neuroscience and brain imaging, aesthetics, social sciences, psychiatry, and philosophy to answer frontier questions related to artificial intelligence and human experience. Can a machine think, believe, aspire and be purposeful as a human? What is the place in the machine world for hope, meaning and transformative enlightenment that inspires human existence? How, or are, the minds of machines different from that of humans and other species? These questions are responded to along with questions in the intersection of health, intelligence and the brain. It highlights the place of consciousness by attempting to respond to questions with the help of fundamental reflections on human existence, its life-purposes and machine intelligence. The volume is a must-read for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary researchers in humanities and social sciences and philosophy of science who wish to understand the future of AI and society.

Apartheid, ironically, provided Grant Farred with the optimal conditions for thinking. He describes South Africa's apartheid regime as an intellectual force that, “Made thinking apartheid, more than anything else, an absolute necessity.” The Perversity of Gratitude is a provocative book in which Farred reflects on an upbringing resisting apartheid. Although he is still inclined to struggle viscerally against apartheid, he acknowledges, “It is me.” Unsentimental about his education, Farred's critique recognizes the impact of four exceptional teachers—all engaging pedagogical figures who cultivated a great sense of possibility in how thinking could be learned through a disenfranchised South African education. The Perversity of Gratitude brings to bear the work of influential philosophers such as Martin Heidegger and Jacques Derrida. The book tackles broad philosophical concepts—transgression, withdrawal, and the dialectic. This leads to the creation of a new concept, “the diaspora-in-place,” which Farred explains, “is having left a place before one physically removes oneself from this place.” Farred's apartheid education in South Africa instilled in him a lifelong commitment to learning thinking. “And for that I am grateful,” Farred writes in The Perversity of Gratitude. His autopoiesis is sure to provoke and inspire readers.

Revitalize your team's creativity and overcome negativity with this inspiring guide to building unstoppable momentum for your transformative ideas In today's high-stakes world of R&D and innovation, the difference between a groundbreaking idea and a stagnant project often rests on your team's approach to criticism and opposition. John Wolpert, a seasoned tech innovator, brings you The Two But Rule: Turn Negative Thinking Into Positive Solutions, a revolutionary guide to turning skepticism into a powerful catalyst for innovation. In The Two But Rule veteran tech innovator John Wolpert delivers an exciting, hands-on guide to using the principles of Momentum Thinking to get you—and your organization—unstuck. You'll learn how to build unstoppable velocity for your big idea, product, or strategy as you blast through the endless objections and counterarguments that bedevil every innovator and changemaker. Momentum Thinking offers a lifeline for leaders whose teams are trapped in counterproductive criticism cycles, offering a refreshing, easy-to-understand, and engaging alternative to the toxic positivity that plagues so many organizations. You'll discover how to address criticisms like'But that's too expensive'or'But that won't work'and use them to refine your idea and polish it into a gem worthy of attention and implementation. In the book, you'll also find: Innovative Problem-Solving Strategies: Learn how to convert team criticism into innovative solutions and opportunities. Tips for Countering Toxic Positivity: Navigate beyond blind optimism to embrace diverse perspectives, enhancing problem-solving. Engaging and Practical Advice: Implement the intoxicatingly fun'Two But Rule'for immediate positive impact on your team dynamics. Ways to Encourage Innovation at Any Level: Foster a culture of positive contribution and creative momentum whether you're managing a small team or leading a large organization. Designed for managers seeking to enhance their team's creative processes, executives navigating complex challenges, or any team member striving to contribute positively without being sidelined, The Two But Rule will fundamentally change your approach to teamwork and innovation, transform your team's dynamics, and pave the way for breakthrough success in your organization.

In On the Way to Theory, Lawrence Grossberg introduces the major ways of thinking that provide the backstory for contemporary Western theory. Asking readers to think about thinking, Grossberg traces cultural and critical theory's foundations from the contested enlightenments to modern and postmodern conceptualizations of power, experience, language, and existence. He introduces key figures as historical characters and lays out the unique set of tools for thought that their “deep theories” offer. Through finely tuned and accessible descriptions of their concepts and logics, Grossberg highlights thinkers including Spinoza, Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Derrida, Foucault, Deleuze, and Hall, defining the possibilities of their thought. This book is essential for those interested in how theories shape our understanding of the world, influence our choices, and define our realities. It challenges us to recognize the multiplicity and complexities of ways of thinking in our quest for knowledge and understanding. By setting out a story of theoretical foundations, Grossberg invites readers to think toward the future of theory and expand conversations around theoretical scrutiny and criticism.

What if the pollution of the world did not only concern the environment in which we live, but also the flow of our thoughts in every moment of everyday life? What if those thoughts, invasive like locusts, could transform and become'eco-thoughts'that make us and others feel good? Ecology concerns us from the inside, passes through us, and literally shapes us:'what is inside is outside'. This book offers'eco-words'and'eco-thoughts'as it sheds light on the traps that our minds construct for ourselves, that we so often fall into whether we mean to or not. It examines the erroneous paths that we sometimes meander down while we are thinking in our everyday lives in order to help us to identify and avoid them.The thoughts we formulate are not really ours, as if our mind prefers to flow in what has already been thought, lived, and felt. The author offers her reflections and insights to those who wish to direct their minds towards streams of thought that really do belong to us, that make us feel good. In order to do this, we must learn how to disable the “traps” and free ourselves of what is “contaminating” before they take hold and harm us.An original and thought-provoking examination of how are own internal lives can become toxic, and how to prevent this, that will be of particular value to students and scholars of sociology, philosophy, communication studies, memory studies, and social psychology.

Philosophy was born out of discussion, out of the rivalry between world views. From the philosophical ferment of the Enlightenment arose the idea of emancipation, a conflictual perspective which Marina Garc�s would have us rethink. New Radical Enlightenment lays out the need for critical dissent as a new beginning for the humanities in apocalyptic times. The productive dissent she envisions is established on the inclusion of multiple perspectives attending to common problems.Our societies are faced with the urgency of combating dogmatism in all its forms. Fundamentalism, authoritarianism, and the struggle of the rich against the poor are returning. We also see dogmatic ways of dealing with science, data, and technology emerging. In the face of this, unfinished philosophy is a bid to make thought exciting once again. It is not a question of nurturing sterile theories. Today's young people need powerful tools for a critical imagination. Leaping out of historicism, the new radical enlightenment arrives to address anew the central problems of contemporary philosophy and place them in a planetary, postcolonial, and feminist framework: a philosophy for a common world.

This book is a contribution to the philosophical discourse on education.Education is considered a tool of philosophy. Education (paideia) and politics (politeia) are equal in importance for building a sustainable society free from feud and unhappiness. Discursive thinking through of education is based on Plato's dialogues and the results of epistemological, metaphysical and ethical research in the fields of cosmology, sociology and neuroscience. The author demonstrates the potential of the threefold scheme of philosophy, a Platone philosophandi ratio triplex, for ordering individual and collective discourse and way of life in strict accordance with the intelligible complexity of the expanding cosmos.An essential read for students and scholars interested in the crossroad between education and philosophy.

This is THE classic on creative thinking, written with the clarity, knowledge, and experience of a skilled advertising man. A Technique For Producing Ideas is a step-by-step technique for sparking creativity in advertising or ANY other field.

Being a leader involves having followers and working as a team. Sometimes our teams get stuck and issues emerge that we don't always feel equipped to deal with. How do we get buy in, keep momentum, recognise and overcome dysfunction, and get the best out of introverts and extroverts so that everyone feels safe and brave? This book is for people who want to be daring and responsible in their leadership, who want to embrace paradoxes, and understand how to create and maintain thriving teams. Use this book to help you work through the issues that are most relevant to you and your teams so that you, and they, can thrive.

In this new kind of introduction to ethical theory, Daniel Muñoz and Sarah Stroud present 50 of the field's most exciting puzzles, paradoxes, and thought experiments. Over the course of 11 chapters, the authors cover a huge variety of topics, starting with the classic debate between utilitarians and deontologists and ending on existential questions about the future of humanity.Every chapter begins with a helpful introduction, and each of the 50 entries includes references for further reading and questions for reflection. Among the entries are such classics as the Ring of Gyges, Jim and the Villagers, the Repugnant Conclusion, JoJo, “One Thought Too Many,” the Miners Puzzle, the Gentle Murder Paradox, Nowheresville, the Experience Machine, and the Trolley Problem. The book also explores several more recent topics of interest, such as doxastic wronging and the ethics of AI, so that even advanced students are likely to discover something new. Each entry can be read on its own, and the writing is accessible and conversational throughout, making this an ideal resource for undergraduate teaching. Readers at any level can pick up this book and see for themselves how fascinating—and puzzling—ethical theory can be.Key Features: Offers 50 puzzles, paradoxes, and thought experiments, with every entry including the following elements: Presentation of the case Discussion of responses to and implications of the case A reading list which cites the classic presentation of the case and recommends several other treatments or responses Questions for reflection Coverage of each of the 50 is self-contained, allowing students to quickly understand an issue and giving instructors flexibility in assigning readings to match the themes of the course. Additional pedagogical features include a general volume introduction as well as smaller introductions to each of the 11 larger, topic-oriented chapters.

Instant New York Times Bestseller Unlock your potential by cultivating self-awareness and curating a fulfilling life full of self-improvement, emotional intelligence, and a growth mindset. Leadership expert and entrepreneur Dr. Josh Axe teaches 12 revolutionary mindshift transformations to beat the grind and reach the life you've always wanted. Redefine success and replace the limiting beliefs of yourself with the healthy mental toughness to think this, not that. Perhaps you're busy but still feel empty. Maybe things haven't turned out how you'd hoped, and life seems stale and unfulfilling. What if you could wake up every morning excited about your purpose, knowing you're fulfilling your greatest potential?A more meaningful life is within your reach, and it starts in one place: your mind.Living with a mindset of false narratives will keep you stuck, locked in a prison of unpursued dreams and goals. But cultivating a new mindset based on what is actually true will set you free—free to start exploring and growing beyond the limits you thought you had.In Think This, Not That, Dr. Josh Axe unpacks the top twelve mental barriers holding people back from realizing their potential and becoming the greatest version of themselves, and contrasts each one with a new empowering mindset, such as:Don't simply drift; clarify your purpose.Don't define success based on what you accomplish; base it on who you become.Don't be the victim; be the hero.Don't be a slave to your vices; overpower them by building virtues.Don't live by popular opinion; follow enduring principles of wisdom.Don't allow unintentionality; visualize a strategy. Whether you want to improve your physical or financial health, raise the quality of your relationships, or take your career to new heights, these mindshifts will help transform your life.It's time to break through your limiting beliefs and find out who you can become, to build a meaningful life through new thoughts and actions, and to make the switch from what's stalled you toward a life of ultimate significance.

Although consciousness is at the very center of who we are, its exact nature continues to confound modern science. From where does consciousness originate? At our core, are we material bodies or immaterial conscious minds? Many assume that consciousness is a product of our complex brains, a product of evolution—and yet, there is no evolutionary reason that a mechanical function of the brain should allow us to enjoy the beauty of a sunrise or become intoxicated with the smell of rain on dry earth. If consciousness is not the product of sophisticated human brains, might the nonhuman living world be conscious? If so, where does that place us in relation to the rest of life on Earth—and what does this imply about our domination and plundering of the natural world for resources? Dr. James Cooke is no stranger to intricate and existential questions such as these, and he confronts them head-on in his compelling, inventive, revolutionary new book, The Dawn of Mind. Weaving together cutting-edge science and the contemplative insights that arise from mystical experience, as occurs with meditation and the emerging therapeutic paradigm of psychedelic medicine, Cooke radically redraws our understanding of what it truly means to be who we are.Though Cooke approaches the question of consciousness from a rigorous, scientific stance, his first foray into the study of consciousness was an intensely personal one. On a bus ride through Colchester, the ancient Roman capital of Britain, Cooke spontaneously felt himself feeling intensely and fully connected with the natural world around him; his sense of self fell away entirely. This transcendent moment inspired years of scientific study and the contemplative exploration of personal mystical experiences, leading Cooke to a stunning revelation: our sense of self is not an objective fact but an illusion, a survival technique we use to try and find order in a disorderly world. We each construct a boundary between ourselves and the natural world, constantly simulating what will happen around us in order to survive and navigate our surroundings. (Consider this: how long would you make it if you were crossing a busy street and only reacted to an oncoming car reflexively, once you felt its touch on your skin?) Unlike the self, however, consciousness is no such illusion, and is the product of the very same survival process – it is the simulation in which our sense of self appears. Of course, we aren't the only creatures who function in this way. According to Cooke, consciousness is not complex brain function that only we possess but a deeply embodied phenomenon, an essential feature of being a living thing. Sure, we aren't conscious in the same way as a tree or a worm, but as living things we are all conscious; just maybe, this notion of our dominion over all other life on earth was a ruse all along. Understanding consciousness in this way is not just some theoretical exercise. As climate change amplifies by the day, a growing chorus of voices insists that our fundamental disconnect from nature is at the root of our ecological crisis. Healing the divide between nature and consciousness may be the key to extricating ourselves from this dire predicament.

'Will change how you see the world'Derren Brown Radical Thinking is a book about how you view the world. It's about the things that shape your thoughts, from what you notice and how you interpret it, to what you assume, believe and want. It's also about how, if you think in a radical way, you can look beyond your limited view of the world to see the bigger picture. This isn't one of those books that points out why you get things wrong, or offers you a set of rules to get it'right'. Instead, Peter Lamont (a former magician, now Professor of History and Theory of Psychology at the University of Edinburgh) takes us on a curious tour. As he looks at the things around him, he reveals how we look at everything. He discovers – in nearby streets and buildings, and quirky local history (about Sherlock Holmes, the birth of Encyclopaedia Britannica, and the original self-help book) – the things that shape how we view the world. He shows how, from a local point of view, we create a worldview. No wonder that we disagree. However, if you're curious, then you can see the bigger picture. And, in a world of urgent noise and competing truths, you can make sense of anything.

A deep dive into the minds of animals and how they think. Wouldn't it be amazing to see inside the mind of a lion, a gorilla, an octopus or even a bee? In Animal Minds: What Are They Thinking?, author Dana L. Church looks at how scientists are doing just that. Their research shows that a wide variety of species have unique personalities, impressive memories, counting abilities, and incredible problem-solving skills. Meet the scientists who study the minds of animals, discover the similarities and differences between the minds of different species and learn how they compare to our own. From dolphins to dung beetles, tigers to turkey vultures, Animal Minds shows that we are only beginning to scratch the surface when it comes to revealing the amazing inner worlds of the thousands of different creatures with whom we share this planet. The epub edition of this title is fully accessible.

The cognitive potency of the human mind can be fully appreciated only if it is conceived of as a linguistic mind. This is the starting point of Nikola Kompa's investigation into the relationship between language and cognition. Underpinned by philosophical ideas from Plato to Ockham, and from Locke to Vygotsky, Kompa uses theories within the philosophy of language, mind, and cognitive science and draws on neuro-psychology and psycholinguistic studies to explore core ideas about language and cognition. How did language transform our ancestors into creatures of considerable cognitive and social accomplishment? How does language augment cognition? Is language only a means of communicating our ideas or is a means of thinking itself? Her study has repercussions for a broad range of questions, from how humans differ from other animals and what a cognitive architecture looks like if it approximates the achievements of the human mind, to questions of education and cross-cultural communication. Theorizing and forming hypotheses about how language and cognition might have coevolved, how the availability of (symbolic) labels enhance various cognitive functions, what the cognitive function of inner speech might be and how inner speech and thought relate to each other, Kompa addresses the perennial philosophical question of what the benefits of having a language might be, and brings into sharper relief the intimate connection between linguistic and other cognitive functions. Informed by recent discussions on language evolution, labels, and inner speech, this timely contribution helps us understand more about how language changes the way we think.

Based on a wildly popular UC Berkeley course, how to use scientists'tricks of the trade to make the best decisions and solve the hardest problems in age of uncertainty and overwhelming information. In our deluge of information, it's getting harder and harder to distinguish the revelatory from the contradictory. How do we make health decisions in the face of conflicting medical advice? Does the research cited in that article even show what the authors claim? How can we navigate the next Thanksgiving discussion with our in-laws, who follow completely different experts on the topic of climate change? In Third Millennium Thinking, a physicist, a psychologist, and a philosopher introduce readers to the tools and frameworks that scientists have developed to keep from fooling themselves, to understand the world, and to make decisions. We can all borrow these trust-building techniques to tackle problems both big and small. Readers will learn: How to achieve a ground-level understanding of the facts of the modern world How to chart a course through a profusion of possibilities How to work together to take on the challenges we face today And much more Using provocative thought exercises, jargon-free language, and vivid illustrations drawn from history, daily life, and scientists'insider stories, Third Millennium Thinking offers a novel approach for readers to make sense of the nonsense.

In this expanded edition of The Evil of Banality, Elizabeth Minnich argues for a tragic yet hopeful explanation of “extensive evil,” her term for systematic, normalized harm-doing on the scale of genocide, slavery, sexualized dominance. The book now includes a new preface, new chapter, and expanded afterword addressing ongoing extensive evils, the paradox of lying, and the importance of developing the thinking without which conscience remains mute. Extensive evils are actually carried out not by psychopaths, but by people like your quiet next-door neighbor, your ambitious colleagues. There simply are not enough moral monsters to do the long hard work of extensive evils, nor enough saints for extensive good. In periods of extensive evil, people little different from you and me do its work for no more than a better job, a raise, the house of the family “disappeared” last week. So how can there be hope? Such evils are neither mysterious nor demonic. If we avoid romanticizing both the worst and best of which humans are capable, we can recognize and say no to extensive evil, practice and sustain extensive good, where they must take root – in ordinary lives.

“This book is an engaging and enlightening read. I highly recommend it to all personal tutors, academic advisors and anyone in higher education who guides students to learn more about themselves.”Dr David Grey, UK Advising and Tutoring Association CEO“This book provides a unique, engaging, perspective on successful reflection, which is a welcome addition to the arduous academic textbooks on offer.”Shelley O'Connor, Senior Lecturer in Mental Health Nursing, Liverpool John Moores University, UK“The second edition of this essential book continues to provide practitioners with an accessible and thorough account of reflection's essential ingredients.”Dr Marc Roberts, Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Health, Education, and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, UKThis book is an easy to read, practical guide that will show you what reflection is and how you can do it successfully.Assuming no prior knowledge, this fully revised and updated text utilises the established ten essential ingredients of reflection from the first edition. It builds on this foundation to develop much needed reflective skills with new and updated chapters, enabling you to apply complex reflective theory and become an effective reflective practitioner.In clear and supportive language, Nicola Clarke will equip you with evidence informed understanding and ideas for application to your own situation, and support you to become an emotionally resilient, self-aware individual who can reflect and empower yourself to become the best version of you. This book includes:• Expansion beyond nursing to include those who study any subject in allied health and the related fields where reflection is a requirement.• New chapters exploring what reflection is, reflective writing for academic purpose, guided reflection, and new frameworks to support reflection.• A ‘how to approach'using exercises for and examples from Health, Education and Life Sciences (HELS) and the everyday – reflection and reflective practice made real.• Authentic, jargon free writing that speaks to and is inclusive of the reader.• Information that will empower you to reflect correctly and inform how you receive, and who you allow to support guided reflection in you.This book is a must-have text for all students of nursing, allied health, social work and all fields where an understanding of self and reflection is required.Dr Nicola Clarke is a senior lecturer and doctoral supervisor for the faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences (HELS) at Birmingham City University, UK.

This guide is designed to work as both a companion and a stand-alone resource for integrating the teachings and learnings from Reflective Practice: Reimagining Ourselves and Reimagining Nursing, 3rd edition. Reflection is crucial for personal and professional growth and development as it allows us to analyze and learn from our experiences. Each chapter begins with learning objectives and subjectives to emphasize the importance of fully integrating cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning into our teaching and learning. Micropractices, small-scale reflective activities, encourage readers to seek deeper insights and learn more tools for improving both self-care and caring for others. Learning narratives and reflective questions are also included in each chapter. Learners may use the Reflective Practice Learning Guide & Journal as part of a class, for personal journaling to renew and revision themselves, or as a part of systematic professional growth and development. Educators can use the guide for their own professional development, renewal, and regeneration or as an accompaniment to classroom or clinical learning experiences with any level of learner.

Those who are pursuing social justice too often fail to incorporate the insights of sociology, and when they do make use of sociology, they often draw heavily from claims that are highly contested, unsupported by the evidence, or outright false. This book shows why learning to think sociologically can help us to think better about social justice, pointing us toward possibilities for social change while also calling attention to our limits; providing us with hope, but also making us cautious. Offering a series of tips for thinking better about social justice, with each chapter giving examples of bad sociological thinking and making the case for drawing from a broader range of sociological theory and research to inform social justice efforts, it advocates an approach rooted in intellectual and moral humility, grounded in the normative principles of classical liberalism. A fresh approach to social justice that argues for the importance of sociological understanding of the world in our efforts to change it, How to Think Better About Social Justice will appeal to scholars and students of sociology with interests in social justice issues and the sociology of morality, as well as those working to bring about social change.

This book presents a set of texts that reflect different approaches to the relationship between mind and technology. In today's increasingly technological world, a myriad of different and dizzying challenges face humanity: the ever-closer relationship between man and machine, the exponential development of Artificial Intelligence, man's relationship with virtual worlds, the relationship with new realities such as the neuro potentiation of his capacities, the appearance of robots in everyday life, and so on. In this volume, renowned world specialists explore these concerns, and discuss limitations and possible problems surrounding the interaction of man and machine. The book provides a well-researched, thought-provoking analysis of the need to rethink the theory of the mind, proposing relevant answers to pressing questions and raising new questions that need to be considered.

In the summer of 1928, Kurt Gödel (1906–1978) embarked on his logical journey that would bring him world fame in a mere three years. By early 1929, he had solved an outstanding problem in logic, namely the question of the completeness of the axioms and rules of quantificational logic. He then went on to extend the result to the axiom system of arithmetic but found, instead of completeness, his famous incompleteness theorem that got published in 1931. It belongs to the most iconic achievements of 20th century science and has been instrumental in the development of theories of formal languages and algorithmic computability – two essential components in the birth of the information society.This book explores Gödel's way from an exceptional high-school student to a firmly established young logician. Essays in Gödel's hand from the high school show that his central philosophical and scientific convictions were formed early on, before his university studies. Particular emphasis is laid on the course that made Gödel one of the foremost logicians of all times. The scientific biography of young Gödel is followed by English translations from Gödel's German Gabelsberger shorthand of all his early preserved notebooks on logic and related topics.

Discover the essential thinking tools you've been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast.This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back.The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results.Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity.This book will teach you how to:Avoid blind spots when looking at problems.Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more.The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.

From the New York Times bestselling author of Clear Thinking and Farnam Street founder, Shane Parrish. The third book in the timeless Great Mental Models series.Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields.Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back.Volume 3 of The Great Mental Models series focuses on systems and mathematics, simplifying more than twenty-four key concepts from these technical fields into easy-to-understand terms. It provides insights into the unseen mechanisms that influence our environment and teaches you how to apply these principles to benefit your life.Some of the mental models covered in this book include:Margin of Safety: Engineers design for extremes, not averages. To create a robust system, ensure a meaningful gap between what the system is capable of handling and what it is required to handle.Compounding: The most powerful force in the universe can work in domains other than money.The law of diminishing returns: Inputs to a system lead to more output, up until a point where each further unit of input will lead to a decreasing amount of output.Regression to the mean: Above- or below- average performance tends to correct towards the average over the long term.The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.

From the New York Times bestselling author of Clear Thinking and Farnam Street founder, Shane Parrish. The fourth and final installment in the timeless Great Mental Models series.Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields.Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back.Volume 4 of The Great Mental Models series delves into the realms of economics and art, presenting more than twenty-four valuable ideas with clear language and style. This book equips you with an understanding of the dynamics shaping our world. It will teach you strategies to leverage these principles and give you a significant edge in the aspects of life you value most.Some of the mental models covered in this book include: Creative destruction: New innovations must sometimes come at the cost of maintaining the status quo.Representation: The depiction of an idea can be visual, but it can also rely on symbols or other ideas.Genre: Creative expressions tend to be grouped according to socially constructed norms; while a work can play with or bend genre, it can't exist outside of genre.The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.

A new history of human intelligence that argues that humans know themselves by knowing their machines. We imagine that we are both in control of and controlled by our bodies—autonomous and yet automatic. This entanglement, according to David W. Bates, emerged in the seventeenth century when humans first built and compared themselves with machines. Reading varied thinkers from Descartes to Kant to Turing, Bates reveals how time and time again technological developments offered new ways to imagine how the body's automaticity worked alongside the mind's autonomy. Tracing these evolving lines of thought, An Artificial History of Natural Intelligence offers a new theorization of the human as a being that is dependent on technology and produces itself as an artificial automaton without a natural, outside origin.

INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER From the bestselling author of Cultish and host of the podcast Sounds Like a Cult, a delicious blend of cultural criticism and personal narrative that explores our cognitive biases and the power, disadvantages, and highlights of magical thinking. Utilizing the linguistic insights of her “witty and brilliant” (Blyth Roberson, author of America the Beautiful?) first book Wordslut and the sociological explorations of her breakout hit Cultish, Amanda Montell now turns her erudite eye to the inner workings of the human mind and its biases in her most personal and electrifying work yet. “Magical thinking” can be broadly defined as the belief that one's internal thoughts can affect unrelated events in the external world: think of the conviction that one can manifest their way out of poverty, stave off cancer with positive vibes, thwart the apocalypse by learning to can their own peaches, or transform an unhealthy relationship to a glorious one with loyalty alone. In all its forms, magical thinking works in service of restoring agency amid chaos, but in The Age of Magical Overthinking, Montell argues that in the modern information age, our brain's coping mechanisms have been overloaded, and our irrationality turned up to an eleven. In a series of razor sharp, deeply funny chapters, Montell delves into a cornucopia of the cognitive biases that run rampant in our brains, from how the “halo effect” cultivates worship (and hatred) of larger-than-life celebrities, to how the “sunk cost fallacy” can keep us in detrimental relationships long after we've realized they're not serving us. As she illuminates these concepts with her signature brilliance and wit, Montell's prevailing message is one of hope, empathy, and ultimately forgiveness for our anxiety-addled human selves. If you have all but lost faith in our ability to reason, Montell aims to make some sense of the senseless. To crack open a window in our minds, and let a warm breeze in. To help quiet the cacophony for a while, or even hear a melody in it.

The Routledge International Handbook of Dialectical Thinking is a landmark volume offering a multi-disciplinary compendium of the research, theory and practice that defines dialectical thinking, its importance and how it develops over the lifespan.For the first time, this handbook brings together theory and research on dialectical thinking as a psychological phenomenon from early childhood through the human lifespan. Grounding dialectical thinking in multiple philosophical traditions stemming from antiquity, it explores current psychological models of such thought patterns and shows how these can be applied in everyday life and across multiple disciplines, including philosophy, physics, mathematics and international relations. The handbook explains the nature of dialectical thinking, why it is important and how it can be developed in children and in adults. It concludes with a final chapter depicting a discussion among the authors, exploring the question'how could dialectical thinking be the antidote to dogma'Written by a group of international scholars, this comprehensive publication is an essential reference for researchers and graduate students in psychology and the social sciences, as well as scholars interested in integrating different perspectives and issues from a wide variety of disciplines.

A nurse's work is multifaceted, medically complex, technically precise, and physically demanding. But nursing—the act of caring—is also social, emotional, impactful, and personal. Because nursing education programs prioritize the importance of the technical and physical aspects of nursing, that is what they teach. This leaves practicing nurses poorly equipped to understand the science of caring and unprepared for the constant stream of emotional and psychological stressors that come with this profoundly important work. The unintended consequences of this omission include burnout, toxic work environments, and exodus from the profession. In this highly anticipated and particularly timely third edition of Reflective Practice, authors Sara Horton-Deutsch and Gwen Sherwood invite readers to reflect, recalibrate, reimagine, rethink, and reframe the work of nursing care and their various roles and relationships within it. This book focuses first on the individual, then practice settings, and finally systems and communities while providing supporting theoretical frameworks, practical applications, and opportunities for personal and shared reflection along the way. Reflective Practice guides nurses to emotional and psychological fulfillment in all aspects of care.