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Radiative cooling materials can cool terrestrial objects without any energy input but are susceptible to rain wetting and dust contamination, which affects badly their cooling characteristics. Herein, this work fabricated a radiative cooling porous film with superhydrophobic self-cleaning properties using poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The PVDF-HFP/PVDF film consists of micropores with nanoparticles both inside and at the surface. The micro/nanostructures enhanced the scattering of solar light, which in combination with the infrared emissivity of both PVDF-HFP and PVDF polymers makes the film show excellent radiative cooling ability with a sub-ambient temperature drop of 16°C. The micro/nanostructures roughened the surface of the film, which in combination with the low surface energy property of both PVDF-HFP and PVDF polymers endows the film with superhydrophobic self-cleaning properties. The self-cleaning function defends the film from contamination and maintains sustainable radiative cooling for lasting applications. The integration of cooling and self-cleaning into a film paves the way for multifunctional and long-life radiative cooling materials.

The corrosion of materials severely limits the application scenarios of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), especially in laboratories, chemical plants and other fields where leakage of chemically corrosive solutions is common.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one of the effective therapeutic modalities in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is no proper method to evaluate the HCC response to RFA. This study aimed to establish and validate a clinical prediction model based on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) quantitative-imaging parameters, clinical variables, and CT texture parameters.We enrolled 63 patients with small HCC. Two to four weeks after RFA, we performed DECT scanning to obtain DECT-quantitative parameters and to record the patients' clinical baseline variables. DECT images were manually segmented, and 56 CT texture features were extracted. We used LASSO algorithm for feature selection and data dimensionality reduction; logistic regression analysis was used to build a clinical model with clinical variables and DECT-quantitative parameters; we then added texture features to build a clinical-texture model based on clinical model.A total of six optimal CT texture analysis (CTTA) features were selected, which were statistically different between patients with or without tumor progression (P0.05). When clinical variables and DECT-quantitative parameters were included, the clinical models showed that albumin-bilirubin grade (ALBI) [odds ratio (OR) = 2.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35-6.65, P = 0.010], λDECT-quantitative parameters, CTTA, and clinical variables were helpful in predicting HCC progression after RFA. The constructed clinical prediction model can provide early warning of potential tumor progression risk for patients after RFA.

Ellagic acid (EA) is a bioactive polyphenol compound with numerous biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antiestrogenic, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In this research, we investigated the effect of postharvest tomato fruits with EA treatment. Our results showed that at 25°C for 20 days, compared to a control group, the weight loss rate, titratable acidity, and soluble solid concentration of tomato fruits treated with 50 μM EA were lower. The content of soluble protein in the EA-treated group was approximately 1.65 times higher than in the control group, and EA treatment greatly inhibited the changes in lycopene and vitamin C content. Moreover, EA treatment reduced malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, EA treatment upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes and induced the activities of the antioxidant enzyme. In summary, our results showed that EA could retard senescence and preserve the quality characteristics of harvested tomato fruits via enhancing the antioxidant responses.

With the upgrading of communication technology and the rapid development of quantum computing, the classical digital signature schemes are faced with unprecedented challenges, so the research on quantum digital signature is imperative. In this paper, we propose a multi-proxy signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation of five-qubit entangled state. In this scheme, quantum fourier transform is used as an encryption method to encrypt message, which improves the quantum efficiency compared with the quantum one-time pad. The five-qubit maximally entangled state which is qubit threshold quantum error correction required is used as the quantum channel to ensure the stability of the scheme. Security analysis shows that our scheme is unforgeable and undeniable, and it can resist the intercept-resend attack.

To investigate the clinical value of SDI,EMATc,BNP in the predictive of post-PCI early ventricular remodeling (EVR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 161 patients with asymptomatic acute anterior wall myocardial infarction after PCI were involved; BNP and acoustic cardiography were performed in pre-operation, Color Doppler echocardiography was performed after 72 hours. The patients were divided into two groups, which were the EVRgroup (EF% < 50%, EVR) and the normal left ventricular systolic function group (EF% ≥ 50%, Non- EVR). EMATc、SDI、BNP were independent risk factors for post-PCI EVRin patients with AMI [SDI (OR 15.924, 95% CI 3.649-69.491, p≤0.001) ,EMATc (OR 2.319, 95% CI 1.447-3.719, p＜0.001 ) and BNP (OR 1.075, 95% CI 1.018-1.134,p=0.009)]. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for EMATc was 0.89, with an optimal cutoff point of 12.2, EMATc produced a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 83%; whereas, with an optimal cutoff point of 100pg/ml, BNP produced a sensitivity of 46% and a specificity of 83%. EMATc、BNP、SDI have good predictive value for the occurrence of EVR in patients with asymptomatic acute anterior wall myocardial infarction after PCI.

Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis is a dominant woody lineage in East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests. Regardless of its significant ecological and economic importance, little was known on the genome of this unique oak group. Quercus glauca, also known as ring-cup oak, is the most widespread tree in section Cyclobalanopsis. In this study, a high-quality haplotype-resolved reference genome of Q. glauca was generated from PacBio CCS and Hi-C reads. The genome size, contig N50, and scaffold N50 of Q. glauca are 902.8 Mb, 7.6 Mb, and 69.3 Mb, respectively, for haplotype1, and 913.2 Mb, 7.2 Mb, and 71.5 Mb, respectively, for haplotype2. The LTR Assembly Index of the Q. glauca genome was more than 22. A total of 37,460 and 38,312 protein-coding genes were predicted in haplotype1 and haplotype2, respectively. Homologous chromosomes of Q. glauca had excellent gene pair collinearity. A total of 905 R-genes were detected in Q. glauca. The divergence between Q. glauca and Q. suber occurred about 44.6 million years ago, agreeable to the earliest fossil records of section Cyclobalanopsis found in East Asia. The global climate change before the late Miocene and local climate change since the Pliocene were the main causes of the effective population size change of Q. glauca. The high-quality genome assembly of the most widespread species of section Cyclobalanopsis can provide essential genomic resources for unraveling the evolution mystery of the main oak lineages, and to promote the application of genomic data on the interspecific introgression, local adaptation, and speciation studies of oaks.

Mn oxides are the major sinks for Cd(II) in the aquatic environment. At the redox interface, reduced sulfur might affect the fate of sorbed Cd(II) by either reducing Mn oxides or forming strong complexes with Cd(II). Here, we investigated the fate of Cd(II) immobilized on δ-MnO2 affected by reduced sulfur (S2- and cysteine). A low concentration of S2- led to Cd(II) migration from vacant sites to edge sites, while a high concentration of S2- largely converted Cd(II) adsorbed on the surface of δ-MnO2 to CdS. At low pH, the cysteine addition led to the release of Cd(II) initially adsorbed at the δ-MnO2 vacant sites into the solution and caused the migration of a small portion of Cd(II) to the δ-MnO2 edge sites. At high pH, a high concentration of cysteine led to the detachment of Cd(II) from δ-MnO2, Cd(II) readsorption by Mn(III)-bearing minerals, and Cd-cysteine formation. Changes of Cd(II) speciation were caused by δ-MnO2 dissolution induced by reduced sulfur, the competition of generated Mn(II/III) for the adsorption sites, and the precipitation of Cd(II) with reduced sulfur. This study indicates that reduced sulfur is a critical factor controlling the fate of Cd(II) immobilized on Mn oxides in the aquatic environment.

Strawberry fruit is one of people's favorite fruits. It has high nutritional value and health care effects. Strawberries lose their edible value quickly after being picked because of their thin skin, which is easily damaged. In order to find a method to maintain the quality of strawberries, the effects of resveratrol treatment on the nutritional quality and antioxidant metabolism of strawberry fruit were studied. The result indicated that 100 μM resveratrol was the optimal concentration to delay the occurrence of decay. Strawberry fruit treated with resveratrol delayed the decrease in firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), vitamin C (Vc) content,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbezothi- azot-hiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging capacities. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H

In this work, a novel method was proposed to prepare two kinds of colloidal clusters. One was unitary cluster composed of monodisperse microspheres, the other was binary cluster consisting of bidisperse particles (large microsphere and small nanosphere). Each unitary cluster with fixed number (n) of monodisperse microspheres had its own unique configuration. Most unitary clusters had the configurations identical with the theoretical geometries, while some clusters were not the theoretical clusters. For binary clusters, a fascinating phenomenon was that the presence of nanospheres could not change the configuration of large microspheres, but just could affect their morphologies.

In this work, an improved model for simulation of molecular diffusion in porous materials with bidisperse pore structures was proposed under the linear adsorptive isotherm and solved by numerical methods based on the method of fourth order Runge-Kutta combined with the linear driving force (LDF) approximation. A criterion to identify the diffusion controlling step was proposed. The diffusional experiments were conducted on some prepared porous materials with bidisperse pore structures. Experimental data were predicted very well with the improved bidisperse pore model. A correlation equation of effective diffusivity as a function of the physical properties of porous materials with bidisperse pore structures was established. Experimental values of effective diffusivity available in the literatures can be interpreted better by the established correlation equation than those by the previous correlation equations.

A bidisperse model for transient diffusion and adsorption processes in porous materials is presented in this paper. The mathematical model is solved by numerical methods based on finite elements combined with the linear driving force approximation. A criterion based on the model to identify the diffusion controlling mechanism (macropore diffusion, micropore diffusion, or both) is proposed. The effects of different adsorption isotherms (linear, Freundlich, or Langmuir) on the concentration profiles and on curves of fractional uptake versus time are investigated. In addition, the influences of model parameters concerning the pore networks on the fractional uptake are studied as well.

Apart from surface complexation, precipitation of minerals also plays an important role in reducing the mobility and transport of heavy metals in the environment. In this study, Cd(II) sorption species on surfaces of γ-Al2O3 at pH 7.5 were characterized using multiple techniques. Results show that in addition to adsorption complexes, Cd hydroxide phases (Cd(OH)2 precipitates and Cdx(OH)y polynuclear complexes) were formed at the initial stages of Cd(II) sorption and gradually transformed to CdCO3 with time. In addition, Cd(II) formed CdAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) on γ-Al2O3 under various conditions, independent of temperature and Cd loadings. The formation of Cd hydroxide phases and CdAl LDH could be ascribed to surface-induced precipitation because the bulk solution was undersaturated with respect to hydroxides. CdAl LDH formation on the Al-bearing mineral here is rather surprising because typically this occurs with elements of ionic radii similar to that of Al3+; this formation is unknown for metals such as Cd(II) with a much larger ionic radius. The thermodynamic feasibility of CdAl LDH formation was further confirmed by laboratory synthesis of CdAl LDH and density function theory (DFT) calculations. These results suggest that Cd precipitation on Al-bearing minerals can be an important mechanism for Cd immobilization in the natural environment. Additionally, the finding of CdAl LDH formation on Al-bearing minerals and the thermodynamic stability of CdAl LDH provides new insights into the remediation of Cd-polluted soils and aquatic systems. Keywords: Cadmium, γ-Al2O3, Precipitation, Cd-Al layered double hydroxide, Cd hydroxide phases, CdCO3

Neo-debromoaplysiatoxin C (1), a new member of the aplysiatoxin family, was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. The structure of 1 was elucidated based on spectroscopic data, and its stereochemistry was determined from NOESY spectrum and biosynthetic considerations. This new compound presents an intriguing 10-membered lactone ring skeleton derived from debromoaplysiatoxin by structural rearrangement, which is the first example in the aplysiatoxin family. Its biological properties were evaluated for cytotoxicity, PKCδ activation and inhibitory effects on potassium channel.

In this work, an improved mathematical model was proposed for simulation of the diffusion of dibenzothiophene (DBT) molecules inside the porous materials in liquid phase. The experimental data of the diffusion were obtained in some silica adsorbents with uniform pore structure. The intrinsic pore diffusivity and intrinsic surface diffusivity of molecules were obtained through optimizing the parameters in the mathematical model with the experimental data. The bulk diffusivity of molecules in solution was obtained when the pore size of the silica adsorbents was large enough. The correlation of the intrinsic pore diffusivity with the ratio of diffusion molecular size to pore size of porous materials was established. In addition, the effect of pore size on the ratio of surface mass transfer to total mass transfer was studied and it was found that the smaller the pore size of porous materials, the higher the ratio of surface mass transfer to total mass transfer.

Experiments and calculations are combined to study the Nb substitution effects on the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) performance of 4,6-DMDBT catalyzed using the Ni-Mo bimetal hydrotreating catalysts. In the experimental parts, a series of Nb post-modified NiMo/Al2O3 HDS catalysts are prepared and characterized. Then, the HDS performance of the 4,6-DMDBT is assessed using this Nb-NiMo/Al2O3. In the calculations part, the Ni-Mo-S active nanocluster model with different Nb substitution degrees for the Mo-edge and Ni-edge are established. The Nb stability on the Ni-Mo-S active sites and the Nb effects on the properties of the active sites are analyzed. Meanwhile, the key elementary reactions of the direct hydrodesulfurization (DDS) route and the hydrogenation reaction (HYD) route on the Ni-Mo-S active sites are calculated. The experiments show that the introduction of Nb leads to the agglomeration of the NiMo phase in the oxidation state. Also, the introduction of Nb will increase the length and stacking number of the NiMoS phase. Partial Nb species will convert to Nb2+ during the sulfuration process. A moderate Nb introduction will enhance the HDS conversion rate, the DDS selectivity and the TOF of the 4,6-DMDBT, whereas these factors will decrease when excess Nb is introduced. The DFT calculations show that the Nb could be stable on the S-edge and Mo-edge with various substitution rates. The Nb will spatially expand the molecular orbital on the active sites, and it has a stronger interaction with the H2S, active hydrogen, 4,6-DMDBT and its DDS intermediate in general. The partial Nb substitution enhances the C–S bond cleavage. The full Nb substitution hinders the C–S bond cleavage, but it favors the hydrogen saturation of the S-4Nb. The calculations could explain the experiments in which the DDS selectivity of the 4,6-DMDBT increases with the Nb introduction at first and then decreases as the Nb introduction continues to increase.

Three new aplysiatoxins, neo-debromoaplysiatoxin D (1), oscillatoxin E (2) and oscillatoxin F (3), accompanied by four known analogues (4–7), were identified from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. Structural frames differ amongst these metabolites, and therefore we classified compounds 1 and 4–6 as aplysiatoxins as they possess 6/12/6 and 6/10/6 tricyclic ring systems featuring a macrolactone ring, and compounds 2, 3 and 7 as oscillatoxins that feature a hexane-tetrahydropyran in a spirobicyclic system. Bioactivity experiments showed that compounds 1 and 4–6 presented significant expression of phosphor-PKCδ whereas compounds 2, 5 and 7 showed the most potent blocking activity against potassium channel Kv1.5 with IC50 values of 0.79 ± 0.032 μM, 1.28 ± 0.080 μM and 1.47 ± 0.138 μM, respectively. Molecular docking analysis supplementing the binding interaction of oscillatoxin E (2) and oscillatoxin F (3) with Kv1.5 showed oscillatoxin E (2) with a strong binding affinity of −37.645 kcal mol−1 and oscillatoxin F (3) with a weaker affinity of −32.217 kcal mol−1, further supporting the experimental data.

A N-doped carbon quantum dots sensitized TiO2 membrane (NCQDs/TiO2) was fabricated, and the photocatalytic performance of the resulting composites with various sensitization times was studied. The ...

Hydrocracking of 1-methylnaphthalene to light aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene (B), toluene (T) and xylene (X), at 420 °C and 6 MPa was studied over a series of sulfided Metals/Beta catalysts (Metals = NiMo, NiW, CoMo, CoW, Mo, W). Based on reaction results, a six-lump reaction kinetic model was proposed and a mathematic kinetic model was established which agreed well with the experimental data. All the kinetic constants of every step reaction in the reaction model were obtained. Hydrogenation activity of catalysts not only be affected by metal species and their contents, but also be influenced by metal-zeolite interaction. Strong acidity resulting strong interaction between acid centers and metal centers decreased the hydrogenation activity of catalysts. When the amount of loaded metal oxides increases, the Bronsted acid concentration of zeolite decreases. Selective-hydrogenation activity is a key factor to BTX yield and W-based catalysts showed higher selective hydrogenation activity than other catalysts. Both experiments and the kinetic model showed that 25W/Beta catalyst had the highest BTX yield (53 wt%), attributed to its relatively high selective-hydrogenation activity of W and suitable metal-zeolite interaction.

Manganese (Mn) oxides have high Cd(II) sorption affinities and could effectively immobilize Cd(II) in soil and aquatic systems. However, coexisting Fe(II) can react with Mn oxides at oxic-suboxic interfaces, thereby affecting Cd(II) immobilization by Mn oxides. Mn(IV)-rich Mn oxides in the environment are readily to be reduced to Mn(III)-rich Mn oxides by natural organic matter. Herein, we determined the effects of Fe(II) on Cd(II) immobilization by Mn(III)-rich δ-MnO2 (denoted as HE-MnO2) at pH 5.5 and 7.5. Results show that Fe(II) decreased Cd(II) retention on HE-MnO2 at pH 5.5 but had no effects at pH 7.5 due to the high Cd(II) adsorption affinity of HE-MnO2 at high pH. Poorly crystalline Fe oxides, likely ferrihydrite, uniformly precipitated on HE-MnO2 surfaces upon Fe(II) addition at both pHs. β-MnOOH formed at the high initial Fe(II) concentration at pH 7.5. Cd(II) was mainly adsorbed on HE-MnO2 rather than the newly formed Fe oxides and β-MnOOH which had low Cd(II) adsorption capacities. The decrease of Cd(II) sorption in the presence of Fe(II) could be explained by the reduction of HE-MnO2, the precipitation of Fe oxides on HE-MnO2, and the competition of generated Mn(II) for the sorption sites. Cd(II) formed double-corner sharing (DCS) and double-edge sharing (DES) complexes with Mn(III) edge sites on HE-MnO2. After the addition of Fe(II), Cd(II) formed only DCS complexes with Mn(III) edge sites. The alternation of the surface complexes caused by Fe(II) promoted Cd(II) desorption from HE-MnO2. This work suggests that Fe(II) can decrease the removal efficiency of Cd(II) by Mn(III)-rich δ-MnO2 at oxic-suboxic interfaces in the environment.

Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for soil remediation has received great attention in recent years. However, the mechanisms of interaction between persulfate (PS) and soil constituents are not fully understood. In this study, PS decomposition, activation, free radical formation and conversion processes in 10 different soils were examined. The results showed that soil organic matter (SOM) was the dominant factor affecting PS decomposition in soil, but Fe/Mn-oxides were mainly responsible for PS decomposition when SOM was removed. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy analysis showed that sulfate radicals (SO4•-) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) generated from PS decomposition subsequently react with SOM to produce alkyl-like radicals (R•), and this process is dependent on SOM content. R• and SO4•-/•OH radicals predominated in soil with high and low SOM, respectively, and all three radicals coexist in soil with medium SOM. Chemical probe analysis further identified the types of radicals, and R• can reductively degrade hexachloroethane in high SOM soil, while SO4•- and •OH oxidatively degrade phenol in low SOM soil. These findings provide valuable information for PS-ISCO, and new insight into the role of SOM in the remediation of contaminated soil.

Background: There are several anticoagulation strategies are suggested for patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), however proof, especially for cancer-associated VTE, is lacking of which strategy is optimal choice. We aimed to compare efficacy and safety outcomes among various anticoagulation strategies for patients with VTE using a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials and clinical trial registries from inception through June 1, 2021. We search for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the recurrent VTE and bleeding outcomes of various anticoagulation strategies (low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), unfractionated heparin (UFH), or fondaparinux combined with vitamin K antagonists(VKA)); direct oral anticoagulants) for patients with acute VTE(noncancer or cancer-associated). Extraction of clinical outcomes were performed independently by two authors. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was applied to analyze the data. The primary efficacy endpoint was recurrent VTE episodes, the primary safety endpoint was major bleeding episodes. Secondary efficacy endpoints were fatal recurrent venous thromboembolism, the secondary safety endpoints were fatal bleeding episodes, all-cause mortality and major gastrointestinal bleeding. Results: 12117 citations were identified, 9850 unique citations, 54 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Included trials recruited 49952 VTE participants with cancer or non-cancer. The findings showed that UFH-VKA likely increases recurrent VTE compared to LMWH-VKA (hazard ratio ((HR) 1·44(1·16,1·80), apixaban was probably the most effective strategy (surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) 87·6%). Subgroup analysis for VTE patients with cancer shown that LMWH (HR 0·61(0·40,0·89)) and apixaban (HR 0·40(0·21,0·66)) were associated with less recurrent VTE events compared with LMWH-VKA. Apixaban (HR 0·44(0·24,0·73)) lowered the rate of major bleeding compared with the LMWH–VKA. The apixaban was probably the safest strategy (SUCRA 96·5%). For patients with cancer-associated acute VTE, although apixaban group experienced less major bleeding events compared with LMWH-VKA, it was not statically significant (HR 0·80(0·36,1·55)). Interpretation: Apixaban seems to be superior to other anticoagulation strategies for treatment of VTE with cancer. Funding: This work received research grant from The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University(Hefei, Anhui 230601, China). Grant number: LBSART202007. Declaration of Interest: None to declare.

Global histone acetylation varies with changes in the nutrient and cell cycle phases; however, the mechanisms connecting these variations are not fully understood. Herein, we report that nutrient-related and cell-cycle-regulated nuclear acetate regulates global histone acetylation. Histone deacetylation-generated acetate accumulates in the nucleus and induces histone hyperacetylation. The nuclear acetate levels were controlled by glycolytic enzyme triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1). Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), which is phosphorylated and activated by nutrient-activated mTORC1, phosphorylates TPI1 Ser 117 and promotes nuclear translocation of TPI1, decreases nuclear dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and induces nuclear acetate accumulation because DHAP scavenges acetate via the formation of 1-acetyl-DHAP. CDK2 accumulates in the cytosol during the late G1/S phases. Inactivation or blockade of nuclear translocation of TPI1 abrogates nutrient-dependent and cell-cycle-dependent global histone acetylation, chromatin condensation, gene transcription and DNA replication. These results identify the mechanism of maintaining global histone acetylation by nutrient and cell cycle signals. Zhang et al. identify a nuclear role for the glycolytic enzyme TPI1 in connecting nutrient status and cell cycle status to global histone acetylation.

To investigate the effect of atractylenolide I on proliferation and apoptosis of U266 cells, and anti-multiple myeloma effect of bortezomib.Bortezomib, bortezomib combined atractylenolide I and atractylenolide I at different concentrations were added into U266 cells respectively, cellular proliferation toxicity was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by using flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of targeting gene Caspase-3,Caspase-9,BCL-2,BAX,JAK2,STAT3 and IL-6, respectively.The proliferation of U266 cells could inhibited by atractylenolide I, and the apoptosis of U266 cells could be promoted by atractylenolide I, also, which showed a dose-dependent manner(P0.00; r=0.99). Moreover, the atractylenolide I could regulat the mitochondrial pathway(P0.01). The combination of 2 drugs could strengther the inhibition of U266 cell proliferation significantly, and the expression level of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and BCL-2 mRNA and protein could be decreased by single drug and 2 drugs both(P0.01).Atractylenolide I significantly inhibits the proliferation of U266 cells and promotes their apoptosis. At the same time, it acts synergistically with bortezomib, which may be related to mitochondrial pathway, and probably related to the regulating of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 gene expression in signal pathway of JAK2/STAT3.白术内酯I能诱导U266细胞凋亡和增强硼替佐米的作用.探讨白术内酯I对U266细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及其对硼替佐米抗多发性骨髓瘤的作用.分别将不同浓度的白术内酯I、硼替佐米以及硼替佐米+白术内酯I作用于U266细胞，并应用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性，Annexin V-FITC/PI染色及流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率及细胞周期，应用RT-PCR及Western blot分别检测目标基因Caspase-3、Caspase-9、BCL-2、BAX、JAK2、STAT3及IL-6的mRNA及相应蛋白的表达.白术内酯I能呈浓度依赖性抑制U266细胞的增殖(r=-0.98)和促进细胞凋亡(r=0.99)，调控线粒体介导的凋亡途径；联合用药能显著增强对细胞增殖的抑制作用(P0.01)；同时，单药组及联合用药组均能显著降低IL-6、JAK2、STAT3及BCL-2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平(P0.01).白术内酯I能显著抑制U266细胞增殖，促进其凋亡，并能与硼替佐米产生协同作用，此作用与线粒体凋亡途径有关，可能与调节JAK2/STAT3通路上的IL-6、JAK2、STAT3等基因表达有关.

Graphene oxide (GO) is likely to encounter heavy metals due to its widespread use and inevitable release into the subsurface environment, where the ubiquitous presence of iron oxides (e.g., hematite) would affect their interaction and transport. The present study aimed to investigate the cotransport of GO (20 mg L&minus, 1) and copper (0.05 mM CuCl2) in the presence of varying degrees of geochemical heterogeneity represented by iron oxide-coated sand fractions (&omega, = 0‒0.45) in water-saturated columns under environmentally relevant physicochemical conditions (1 mM KCl at pH 5.0‒9.0). The Langmuir-fitted maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+ by GO reached 137.6 mg g&minus, 1, and the presence of 0.05 mM Cu2+ decreased the colloidal stability and subsequent transport of GO in porous media. The iron oxide coating was found to significantly inhibit the transport of GO and Cu-loaded GO in sand-packed columns, which can be explained by the favorable deposition of the negatively charged GO onto patches of the positively charged iron oxide coatings at pH 5.0. Increasing the solution pH from 5.0 to 9.0 promoted the mobility of GO, with the exception of pH 7.5, in which the lowest breakthrough of GO was observed. This is possibly due to the fact that the surface charge of iron oxide approaches zero at pH 7.5, suggesting that new &ldquo, favorable&rdquo, sites are available for GO retention. This study deciphered the complicated interactions among engineered nanomaterials, heavy metals, and geochemical heterogeneity under environmentally relevant physicochemical conditions. Our results highlight the significant role of geochemical heterogeneity, such as iron oxide patches, in determining the fate and transport of GO and GO-heavy metal association in the subsurface environment.

Biochar is a cost-effective and multifunctional carbon material, which can be used to immobilize heavy metal (HM) in soil. To date, the immobilization of different HM by various biochars are well-studied, however, little is known about the release condition of the immobilized HM. As the released HM may bring a threat to the soil environment, it is critical to understand the release pattern of biochar-sorbed HM in soil. Herein, six wheat straw-derived biochars (WBs) pyrolyzed under different temperature and duration time were loaded with zinc(Zn (II)), and the evolution of Zn(II) fractions in soils remediated by WBs over time was investigated by Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) three-step sequential extraction method. The main Zn(II) species sorbed on WBs were the Zn(II) sorbed on the acidic functional groups of WB and that sorbed on WB surface via electrostatic interaction. Generally, Zn(II) sorbed on high-temperature WB was more mobile than that sorbed on low-temperature WB. In the red soil, the soluble and exchangeable Zn(II) (i.e., Zn(II) in Fraction 1) in WB was inclined to transform to organic matter associated-Zn(II) (i.e., Zn(II) in Fraction 3) and residual Zn(II) (i.e., Zn(II) in Fraction 4). In the yellow-brown soil, the soluble and exchangeable Zn(II) in WB was prone to convert into amorphous Fe/Mn oxide associated-Zn(II) (i.e., Zn(II) in Fraction 2) and residual Zn(II). These results imply that Zn(II) sorbed by WB has the risk to be released into the soil environment, and WB produced at low temperature are more suitable to remediate soils with low/neutral pH.

Objective To investigate the correlation of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) expression and serum anti-PLA2R antibody with the clinical parameters and prognosis of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). Methods A literature search for relevant original articles published between January 2009 and October 2019 was conducted on domestic and foreign databases. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results Eighteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were 1235 anti-PLA2R antibody-positive and PLA2R-positive patients, and 407 serum anti-PLA2R antibody-negative and PLA2R-negative patients. Compared with negative group, patients in the serum PLA2R antibody -positive group had lower serum albumin [SMD = -1.11, 95% CI (− 1.82, − 0.40), P P P P P = 0.002]. No significant difference was observed between anti-PLA2R antibody -positive and -negative groups with respect to adverse events. Serum anti-PLA2R antibody titer did not affect the adverse event rate. Conclusion As compared to PLA2R, serum anti-PLA2R antibody is more closely related with IMN disease progression.

A pair of stereoisomers possessing novel structures with 6/6/5 fused-ring systems, neo-debromoaplysiatoxin E (1) and neo-debromoaplysiatoxin F (2), were isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. Their structures were elucidated using various spectroscopic techniques including high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The absolute stereochemistry was determined by calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR shift calculation followed by DP4+ analysis. Significantly, this is the first report on aplysiatoxin derivatives with different absolute configurations at C9&ndash, C12 (1: 9S, 10R, 11S, 12S, 2: 9R, 10S, 11R, 12R). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent blocking activities against Kv1.5 with IC50 values of 1.22 &plusmn, 0.22 &mu, M and 2.85 &plusmn, 0.29 &mu, M, respectively.