1. Evaluation of Antigens for Development of a Serological Test for Human African Trypanosomiasis
- Author
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Margaret A. Phillips, Sylvain Biéler, Audrey Albertini, James D. Bangs, Jeremy C. Mottram, Joseph Mathu Ndung'u, Barbara Nerima, Mark Carrington, Wilhelm J. Schwaeble, Derrick R. Robinson, Harald Waltenberger, Richard McCulloch, Jean-Charles Sanchez, Michael P. Barrett, James H. McKerrow, Michael A. J. Ferguson, Magdalena Radwandska, Philippe Büscher, Gerd Michel, Richard P. Bishop, Paul A.M. Michels, University of Glasgow, University of York [York, UK], Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester-University Road-University of Leicester-University Road, Sandler Center for Drug Discovery, Mission Bay Campus-University of California, Research Unit for Tropical Diseases, affiliation inconnue, Département de science des protéines humaines [Genève], Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Faculté de médecine [Genève], Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Carrington, Mark [0000-0002-6435-7266], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Glycobiology ,PROTEIN ,lcsh:Medicine ,RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TEST ,Biochemistry ,SERUM ,Zoonoses ,Immune Physiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays ,lcsh:Science ,health care economics and organizations ,RHODESIENSE ,Protozoans ,Trypanosoma Cruzi ,Multidisciplinary ,Immune System Proteins ,AGGLUTINATION-TEST ,Antigenic Variation ,Recombinant Proteins ,3. Good health ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Infectious Diseases ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,TRYPTECT CIATT(R) ,Trypanosoma ,education ,Immunology ,Library science ,Antigens, Protozoan ,Research and Analysis Methods ,African Trypanosomiasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Trypanosomiasis ,parasitic diseases ,Parasitic Diseases ,Humans ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,Antigens ,Immunoassays ,VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS ,Glycoproteins ,Protozoan Infections ,business.industry ,BRUCEI-GAMBIENSE ,lcsh:R ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Tropical Diseases ,GENE ,Parasitic Protozoans ,030104 developmental biology ,Trypanosomiasis, African ,SLEEPING SICKNESS ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoglobulin G ,Immunologic Techniques ,lcsh:Q ,business ,Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense - Abstract
Background:\ud \ud Control and elimination of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) can be accelerated through the use of diagnostic tests that are more accurate and easier to deploy. The goal of this work was to evaluate the immuno-reactivity of antigens and identify candidates to be considered for development of a simple serological test for the detection of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or T. b. rhodesiense infections, ideally both.\ud \ud Methodology/Principal Findings:\ud \ud The reactivity of 35 antigens was independently evaluated by slot blot and ELISA against sera from both T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense infected patients and controls. The antigens that were most reactive by both tests to T. b. gambiense sera were the membrane proteins VSG LiTat 1.3, VSG LiTat 1.5 and ISG64. Reactivity to T. b. rhodesiense sera was highest with VSG LiTat 1.3, VSG LiTat 1.5 and SRA, although much lower than with T. b. gambiense samples. The reactivity of all possible combinations of antigens was also calculated. When the slot blot results of 2 antigens were paired, a VSG LiTat 1.3- ISG75 combination performed best on T. b. gambiense sera, while a VSG LiTat 1.3-VSG LiTat 1.5 combination was the most reactive using ELISA. A combination of SRA and either VSG LiTat 1.3 or VSG LiTat 1.5 had the highest reactivity on T. b. rhodesiense sera according to slot blot, while in ELISA, pairing SRA with either GM6 or VSG LiTat 1.3 yielded the best results.\ud \ud Conclusions:\ud \ud This study identified antigens that were highly reactive to T. b. gambiense sera, which could be considered for developing a serological test for gambiense HAT, either individually or in combination. Antigens with potential for inclusion in a test for T. b. rhodesiense HAT were also identified, but because their reactivity was comparatively lower, a search for additional antigens would be required before developing a test for this form of the disease.
- Published
- 2016