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Tax expenditure management is one of the tools for conducting responsible fiscal policy. Unlike direct expenditures, tax expenditures do not consume resources, but allow the achievement of certain social and economic goals. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis of the expediency of using the mechanism of tax expenditures to influence investment activities and the development of priority sectors of the economy. The object of this study was a sample of nine countries of the G-20 group, whose reports provided data on the share of tax expenditures related to investment support and stimulating the development of priority sectors of the economy. The practice of generating reports on tax expenditures is quite common in developed countries, but there are several limitations for cross-country comparison: national characteristics of fiscal elements, and the level of openness and transparency of data on tax expenditures. The scale of using tax expenditures is determined by the multidimensional average method; countries are rated according to the value of the integral indicator. The scale of tax breaks determines the position in the ranking. The effectiveness of using tax breaks is assessed through the coefficient of increase in investment and the coefficient of increase in industrial production. The assessment results show whether economic indicators are outpacing the growth rate of tax benefits and preferences. A study of panel data revealed the average degree of influence of the total amount of tax expenditures on the dynamics of capital investments. The allocation of a target group of tax expenditures related to investment support showed a weak degree of influence on the dynamics of capital investment volumes. The results obtained can be explained by the fact that the allocation of a target group of tax expenditures may not reflect the full range of tax benefits provided to support investments, which is due to the peculiarities of the system of accounting and assessment of tax expenditures in a particular country. In addition, the contribution of tax expenditures may be insignificant if direct forms of support prevail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of knowledge and technology management in improving the quality of business 4.0 products. Based on statistics for 63 countries in 2022, as well as knowledge and technology, an econometric model of product quality management in business 4.0 has been constructed.The model revealed, along with the contradictory influence of knowledge on the quality of business 4.0 products, a reliable and consistent pattern of systematic growth in the quality of business 4.0 products as industrial designs by origin, as well as the growth of production and export complexity increase.A scenario analysis of the prospects for improving product quality in business 4.0 depending on knowledge and technology management was conducted. The author’s forecast for the “Decade of Action” (until 2030) showed that the most promising and preferred of the alternatives considered is the scenario of the development of technically complex products with advanced industrial design in business 4.0.The main conclusion is that the key factor of a new type of business – business 4.0, which was formed under the influence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is technology, while human resources have receded into the background.The theoretical significance of the results is due to the fact that they revealed the prospects for improving the competitiveness of business 4.0, for which it is recommended to reduce the share of human-intensive economic processes and proportionally increase the share of automated processes.The originality of the research lies in reconsideration of the importance of such factors of production as human and technological resources in the conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, taking into account the little-studied experience of a new type of business - business 4.0.Management implications consist in the fact that the article offers an innovative approach to corporate social responsibility, whose efforts are proposed to focus on improving product quality in business 4.0. The author’s recommendations contribute to unlocking the potential for improving product quality, as well as increasing the effectiveness of quality management in business 4.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the state policy in the field of electric power industry aimed at increasing energy saving. Taking into account all the pros and cons of classical types of electricity production, more and more attention is paid to new, emerging sources, in particular, biofuels and processing of production and consumption waste. Wind power is an innovation that has received investment for development before, but the previous advanced production has not had much success. Russia and the international community have recognized the advantages of renewable energy sources based on wind over traditional energy sources, and the Russian wind energy industry has become the object of close attention not only of domestic entrepreneurs, but also of foreign companies that consider it as a profitable industry for long-term investment.

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Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)