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The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of a germicidal ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED) on the contamination level of a back table in the operating room (OR) during total joint arthroplasty procedures.Eight Tryptic Soy Agar petri plates were placed on a table located near the operative field and exposed to air. One plate was removed on the hour over an 8-hour time span. The back table had either an UV-LED for disinfection or a sham UV-LED. This process was repeated in 12 different ORs (6 with UV light, 6 with sham device). The plates were then incubated for 48 hours at 36°C ± 1°C . Colony forming units (CFU) were recorded 24 and 48 hours after incubation.There was a statistically significant difference in total CFUs between the intervention vs sham at 24-hours (27 vs 95, P = .0001) and 48-hours (38 vs 122, P.0001). The multivariate analysis revealed that the 24-hour and 48-hour count, the predictors UV light (P = .002) and hour of plate removal (P = .050) were statistically significantly associated with CFU counts. Together, the predictor variables explained 15.8% and 23.0% of the variance in CFU counts at 24- and 48-hours, respectively.A back table UV-LED may decrease environmental contamination near the operative field. This has potential to lead to a decrease in joint infection.

The miner fly Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is an insect of economic importance for tomato culture. The conventional control with insecticides is complex due to the mining eating habit that provides protection to the larvae inside the leaves. Therefore, farmers can opt for biological control agents, or substances that provide protection to the plant. Thus, the objective of our research was to evaluate the use of silicon to induce resistance in tomato plants against L. sativae. The results showed that in tomato plants treated with SiO2/F and K2SiO3/F there was a reduction in the net reproduction rate (Ro), in the intrinsic rate of increase in number (rm), in the finite rate of increase (λ), in the average interval between generations (IMG), in the doubling time (TD), in the number of eggs/ female/day and the accumulated egg laying of F1 females of L. sativae. The products SiO2/F and K2SiO3/F gave the tomato a protective effect against injuries caused by L. sativae.

A review of the larval host plants of the family Gelechiidae in Korea is provided. The data is mostly based on results of the survey on the larval host plants for the lepidopteran species by the second author since 2008, and a part of them is from the previous data by the first author and co-authors (Park 1983, 1991; Park et al. 2020, 2021; Park & Ponomarenko 2007). Of the 53 listed species of Gelechiidae in the present study, larval host plants for the 7 known species of Gelechiidae are reported for the first time (Table 1). Also, 21 species which the host plants are newly recognized from Korea in this study are listed in the Table 2.

In this article I rely on 50 years’ worth of parole hearing transcripts in the Manson family cases to argue that, on parole, the embodiment of aging is treated evasively and with hostility by the parole board. The parole board’s difficulty to reconcile the applicant’s youthful and violent past with their aging, frail present, almost always results in a rejection of the embodied present and future—and of parole. Following an explanation of the California parole process, emphasizing the role that time and aging plays in its different stages, I analyze Susan Atkins’ last parole hearing as an example. To show the general implications of the analysis, and its disastrous consequences for public health, I place the argument in the context of California’s covid-19 prison crisis.

For a group [Formula: see text], we produce upper and lower bounds for the sum of the entries of the Brauer character table of [Formula: see text] and the projective indecomposable character table of [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-separable group, we show that the sum of the entries in the table of Isaacs' partial characters is a real number, and we obtain upper and lower bounds for this sum.

During the campaign of 2018 the international underwater archaeological expedition has explored the waters of Tendra Spit and Kinburn Spit on the shelf of the Black Sea, in Mykolaiv and Kherson regions of Ukraine. Underwater archaeological exploration focused on the waters near the northern tip of Tendra Spit, from both the Gulf of Tendra and the sea, and north-western tip of Kinburn Spit. In addition to the visual reconnaissance, divers were using sonar, profiler and side-scan sonar. As a result, the bathymetric map has been compiled. In the initial part of research the work was limited to mapping and taking photographs of the discoveries. During these works was discovered and cleansed the ancient Shipwreck of the late 4th — early 3rd century BC. It was possible to identify the well-preserved fragment of the hull of ancient Wreck of a length of 9.45 m in situ with ballast stones, ceramic material from the cargo, lead plating and him constructions elements. After clearing of the sand from the preserved part of the ship hull with the help of a hydro injector the video and photo documentation was carried out. As a result of these works, large-scale photo mosaic of the object and its 3D-model were made. The condition of the wooden hull is excellent, the technological holes, connections, bronze and iron nails are preserved. Outside of Ukraine several shipwrecks of the same period are attested. The best studied are the following: shipwreck of the 3rd century BC at Grand Congloue, France; the Mazotos shipwreck of the 4th century BC in Cyprus; the Porticello shipwreck of the end of the 5th or beginning of the 4th century BC in Italy; the Alonnisos shipwreck from the end of the 5th century BC, Greece; the Kyrenia shipwreck from the end of the 4th — beginning of the 3rd centuries BC in Cyprus. In the Black Sea, in 2011 a shipwreck from the end of the 4th — beginning of the 3rd centuries BC near Eregli, Turkey (ancient Herakleia Pontica) was discovered by a deep-sea expedition of the research vessel «Nautilus» under the direction of Michael Brennan at a depth of 101 m. Most of the known merchant ships of this period were small, ranging from 12 to 17 m (table). Boris Peters provides a reconstruction sketch of the Lake Donuzlav ship of the late 4th — early 3rd centuries BC. It is almost identical to the reconstruction of the Kyrenia merchant ship, based on its hull which was preserved by 75 %, The replica named «Kyrenia 2» was built and made several voyages. It can be assumed that the Kinburn Spit ship found in 2018 was of similar appearance but further research will provide more detailed information.

Vitis shizishanensis (Vitaceae), a new species from Hubei, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to V. flexuosa and V. bryoniifolia, but differs in leaf lobing and pubescence. It can be easily distinguished from the two species based on its glabrous or with very sparse arachnoid tomentum on the abaxial mature leaf surface, and its unlobed to 3–7 lobed leaves. A detailed description, along with photographs for the new species, and a table for morphological comparisons with similar Vitis species, are also provided.

Located in the southwest of Benin, the study environment consists of Lake Ahémé, the Ahô channel, the Tihimey channel, the coastal lagoons of Grand-Popo and Ouidah. The mouth of Avlo-plage makes the area an Estuarine Lagoon environment rich in ichthyofaunal biodiversity where fishing, the main activity of the populations, is practiced with various gears and techniques which are inventoried and described in this study. The methodological approach adopted revolves around documentary research, field surveys through questionnaires and interviews and direct observations. The people interviewed are made up of fishermen; fish wholesalers; agents specializing in fishery production. The study environment was subdivided into 19 observation stations and the data were collected from January 2018 to December 2019. The gears were illustrated by photos and described according to the results of the documentary research and information received from the fishermen. Their variations according to the bodies of water and the stations were calculated using the Excel 2017 table. The drawn meshes of the nets were measured to the nearest millimeter. The study shows that the inventoried fishing gears and techniques include nets, lines, pots, Acadjas and trap dams (Xhas), categorized into 12 gears and 02 techniques, of which 86% are constant and 14% are accessories. Gbagbaloulou conical nets dominate the gear while the landing net is the least represented. The smallest mesh measured is 2mm, while the largest mesh is 25mm. The fishing gear and techniques used do not ensure rational and sustainable management of fishery resources. Faced with the damage they are causing, the Government proceeded to their systematic removal. Snail farming was initiated to diversify the activities of fishermen.

The discovery of low stone tables at Magdala and a few other sites in the Galilee and Golan allows us to examine, for the first time, this liturgical piece of furniture used by several communities in the late Second Temple period and the first centuries of the Common Era. This article defines the purpose of these stone tables based on analysis of the archaeological finds and examination of the literary sources associated with the Torah-reading ceremony conducted in the synagogues of ancient Palestine. The reading of the Torah throughout this long period was conducted standing with the open Torah scroll held in raised hands. Our study demonstrates that this table was not intended to be used for reading the Torah, but rather functioned as a low stand upon which the scroll was placed before the Torah-reading ceremony, during the breaks between the readers, and after completion of the ceremony.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of farm-to-table (FTT) activities in agritourism towards sustainable development based on three agritourism farms in Brunei. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on qualitative data using semi-structured interviews with 23 participants involved in the management of the farms. In-depth interviews are considered the most appropriate approach to gain the unexplored perspectives of the agriculture community at the three agritourism farms. Findings The study found that FTT activities imparted in agritourism contribute towards sustainable development economically, socially and environmentally. FTT leads to the establishment of small medium and micro enterprises, which, in turn, creates employment for the local people. It also plays a part in preserving the ethno-culinary heritage of indigenous food, promoting food localism and sustainable agriculture. These findings suggest that FTT activities play an important role in revitalizing the local community. The outcome of this empirical research may enable planners to better formulate regional policy based on a balanced approach taking into account the three dimensions of sustainability towards agritourism development. From a theoretical standpoint, this study adds value to the literature by identifying the contributions of FTT activities towards sustainable development emphasising on the consumption of local ethnic food and food localism. Originality/value The contributions of agritourism for local farms has not been extensively discussed especially in Brunei’s local agriculture industry. This study will provide evidence that FTT activities contribute towards a moderate form of food activism; one that re-forges the disrupted linkages between people, nature and cultural heritage.

A great number of Maya hieroglyphic texts consisted of a series of dated events connected by counts of days between them. These counts of days were represented by so-called Distance Numbers (hereafter DNs), which added or subtracted specific numbers of days to link important dates and associated events. On certain occasions, the intervals represented by the DNs conformed to numerical-calendric or astronomical cycles. The Maya timekeepers of Palenque used DNs representing the multiples of 11960 days, which identified with the Dresden Codex Eclipse Table seem to evoke eclipse cycles. In this paper, I will argue that they should be treated as intervals to compute the Lunar Series rather than eclipse cycles.

The pathogenetic rationale for the use of «Prolom Voda» produced in the Republic of Serbia is presented. Research conducted at the accredited testing center of natural healing resources of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Medicine and Balneology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia 9 accreditation certificate No. pH in the alkaline range.

Due to financial wherewithal, only shallow wells, which are extremely prone to seasonal groundwater decline, are constructed in the study area. Generally, new groundwater wells are designed to follow the criteria of the old wells, which may be vulnerable to substantial groundwater depletion through water-level decline. Going by this, newer groundwater wells constructed near older ones are 100% susceptible to the uninvestigated depletion associated with the older ones. The method used integrates vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique employing the Schlumberger electrode configuration, which measured the resistivity of geologic layers, depths and thickness with hydrogeological information, which constrained the VES interpretation. The aim was to check the spread of groundwater depth–water table ratios for the shallow aquifers. The 1-D resistivity analysis shows that the topsoil/motley topsoil has resistivity ranging from 71.8 to 1964.1 $$\Omega m$$ and mean 586.9 $$\Omega m$$ , while its depth ranges between 0.5 and 11.3 m with mean value of 2.8 m. In layer 2, while the resistivity spans between 71.3 and 1488.6 $$\Omega m$$ with mean value 444.6 $$\Omega m$$ , the depth and thickness, respectively, have a range and mean value of 2.0–170.4 m and 41.9 m and 3.4–112.2 m and 41.0 m. The third layer resistivity ranges from 7.5 to 2332.5 $$\Omega m$$ with mean value of 797.2 m. The depth of burial and the thickness of the third layer, respectively, have mean of 63.0 m and 74.6 m and range of 40.3–106.3 m and 50.1–115.6 m. The fourth layer penetrated by current at 150 m half of current electrode separation has undefined thickness and depth with respective resistivity range and mean of 25.3–2385.3 $$\Omega m$$ and 508.4 $$\Omega m$$ . Based on the resistivity results and nearby borehole data, sizeable numbers of borehole in the area have depths (between 40 and 80 m) that are remarkably greater than the water table depths (1.4–37.6 m). A few boreholes have depths that are sparingly greater than water levels and by the present climate change; they are not likely to be depleted by virtue of water-level declines as the well depth–water table depth ratios are still sustainable to ward off the depletion associated with water-level decline. The results indicate the spatial spread of shallow hydrogeological units as well as the water-level architecture, which is believed to provide useful information that will complement lithological logs while planning for newer groundwater well development in the area.

Работа посвящена совершенствованию методологических основ оценки сульфитосвязывающей способности сухих белых столовых вин. Предложена и экспериментально подтверждена математическая модель связывания сернистой кислоты компонентами вина. Разработана оригинальная методика оценки сульфитосвязывающей способности белых столовых вин и методология ее применения для технологических расчетов при сульфитации вин. The work is concerned with improving the methodological basis for assessing the sulfite-binding capability of dry white table wines. A mathematical model of binding the sulfurous acid by wine components has been proposed and experimentally confirmed. An original method for assessing the sulfite-binding capability of white table wines and a methodology of its application for technological calculations in the process of wine sulfiting has been developed.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential of feeding laying hens with ground flax, a combination of flax cake and flax oil in the production of eggs enriched with omega-3 fatty acids. The experiment was set up using 192 laying hens divided into 4 groups: the control group; a group fed with flaxseed cake (10%) + flaxseed oil (2%); a group fed with 5% ground flax, and a group fed with 10% ground flax. Each group had 8 cages housing 6 laying hens, that is, a total of 48 laying hens per group. The Haugh unit values, fat content, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, yolk color parameters and yolk fat content were measured at the end of 5th and 10th weeks of the trial. The results of this study showed that omega-3 enriched dietary treatments had an impact on the results obtained for the amount of total fat in the yolk, and the results of the TBARS test. The results presented show that the average amounts of alpha linoleic (ALA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in egg yolk were influenced by the nutritional treatments, i.e. the laying hens that were fed with mixtures enriched with 5% and 10% ground flaxseed, as well as 10% flaxseed cake + 2% flaxseed oil, had significantly (P, Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti potencijal prehrane nesilica mljevenim lanenim sjemenkama i kombinacijom lanene pogače i lanenog ulja u proizvodnji jaja obogaćenih omega-3 masnim kiselinama. Istraživanje je provedeno na 192 nesilice podijeljene u 4 skupine: kontrolnu skupinu, skupinu hranjenu lanenom pogačom (10 %) i lanenim uljem (2 %), skupinu hranjenu s 5 % mljevenih lanenih sjemenki i skupinu hranjenu s 10 % mljevenih lanenih sjemenki. Svaka je skupina imala 8 nastambi s kavezima u kojima je bilo po 6 nesilica, ukupno 48 nesilica po skupini. Vrijednosti Haugh-ovih jedinica, sadržaj masti, vrijednosti reaktivne tvari tiobarbiturične kiseline (TBARS), pokazatelji boje žumanca i sadržaj masti žumanca izmjereni su na kraju 5. i 10. tjedna istraživanja. Rezultati su pokazali da je dijetna prehrana obogaćena omega-3 masnim kiselinama utjecala na ukupnu količinu masnoća u žumancu i TBARS test. Također, prehrana obogaćena omega-3 masnim kiselinama utjecala je na prosječnu količinu alfa-linoleične (ALA) i dokozaheksaenske (DHA) masne kiseline u žumancu. Nesilice koje su bile hranjene mješavinom obogaćenom s 5 % i 10 % mljevenih lanenih sjemenki, kao i 10 % lanene pogače i 2 % lanenog ulja, imale su znakovito veću (P < 0,05) količinu ALA-e i DHA-a u žumancu u usporedbi s nesilicama u kontrolnoj skupini.

The effect of two strawberry cultivars (029 and Wanter star) on the biology and life table parameters of the two phytoseiid mites, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot and Neoseiulus californicus (Mc...

The potential for the newly established ichneumonid Mastrus ridens (Horstmann) to provide biological control of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was simulated by incorporating different rates of...

The genus Bryoporus Kraatz is reported for the first time in the Korean peninsula. Two species are recognized [Bryoporus gracilis (Sharp) and B. friebi (Scheerpeltz)]. Redescriptions, a comparison table, and illustrations of habitus photographs and diagnostic characters of these two Korean Bryoporus species are provided to facilitate identification.

Two new species of free-living nematodes of the order Monhysterida have been described from bottom sediments of the Van Uc River, Vietnam. Amphimonhystrella major sp. n. resembles A. parva Gagarin, Nguyen Vu Thanh, 2009 by the structure of the spicular apparatus, but differs by a longer body, shorter tail, longer stoma, and larger spicules. Thalassomonhystera lepta sp. n. is morphologically close to T. elegans Gagarin, Nguyen Vu Thanh, 2013, but has a shorter body, smooth cuticle, tail of different shape, and larger spicules. A table of the main morphometric characters of males of the valid species of the genus Amphimonhystrella and a dichotomous key for their identification and the table of the main morphometric characters in males of seven valid species of the genus Thalassomonhystera found in water bodies of Vietnam and a dichotomous key for their identification are presented.

The Oued Souf free aquifer located in the South East of Algeria represents the main water resource used mostly for urban and agricultural activities. The intensive use of chemical fertilizers has led to serious environmental problems such as contamination of the free aquifer in the region. Thus, aquifer vulnerability has been assessed using several different methods (DRASTIC, GOD, and the Susceptibility Index ‘SI’) based on a geographic information system (GIS). For each method, two vulnerability maps have been developed in the years 2002 and 2012. These maps show that the study area is more exposed to urban, and especially agricultural, pollution. Two classes of vulnerability (moderate and high) have been identified by both DRASTIC and GOD methods. A combined analysis reveals that the moderate class showing 48% (for the GOD method), and the high class showing 57% (for the DRASTIC method) are the most dominant. However, the Susceptibility Index method (SI) revealed that the vulnerability varies from moderate to very high-level classes. In 2012, about of 53% of the study area was dominated by moderate vulnerability classes. The high vulnerability class also includes a considerable part of the land (41%) around urban or strongly agricultural areas, while only 6% is under very high vulnerability groundwater contamination. In addition, a marked decrease in the vulnerability level was noticed in 2012 compared to 2002. This decrease is mainly due to the lowering of the water table after the installation of a vertical drainage network to evacuate the surplus water to the depression and Chotts areas in the North of the region. These results provide a guide for decision-makers involved in the protection of groundwater pollution in such a vulnerable area.

Seedlessness is one of the most desirable traits for table and raisin grapes. Stenospermocarpic cultivars are desirable because they have large berries with superior quality. Embryo rescue techniques have been widely used to get progeny seedling populations from crosses using seedless mother plants. Selection of the female parent, sampling time, and the growth medium are the most crucial to the success of this technique. This study investigated the effect of best sampling time and media composition on embryo rescue efficiency in a cold-hardy hybrid grape breeding program. We sampled ovules 5 to 9 weeks after flowering, and we tested four media compositions. The greatest percentages of embryo germination and normal seedlings were obtained when ovules were harvest at 8 weeks after flowering, indicating that it is suitable to harvest ovules at veraison, when the extraction of ovules is easier as a result of softer berry flesh. For the media composition experiment, all ovules were harvested at 8 weeks after flowering. Nitsch & Nitsch culture medium had very low germination, and the resulting seedlings performed the lowest compared with the other treatments. Lloyd & McCown Woody Plant Basal Medium (WPM) increased the number of embryos germinated significantly, and a number of normal seedlings and plantlets developed. Although there was no significant difference among the other three media containing WPM supplemented with different doses of plant regulators, the WPM Plus medium [with cytokinin (6-benzlaminopurine), indole-3-butyric acid, gibberellin, and casein hydrolysate] promoted the greatest percentage of established plants (46.98%). Therefore, the 8-weeks-after-flowering harvest time and the WPM Plus medium were selected for use in the embryo rescue protocol at the University of Minnesota grape breeding program.

In the last five decades, Rare Earth Elements (REE) are mostly produced from carbonatite complexes and alkaline magmatic environments. In this respect, pyroclastic flows produced by the potassic-alkaline Golcuk volcanism in the Isparta (SW, Turkey) angle stand out as an important target area where REE enrichments can be observed. This study focuses on the REE potential, geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of REE-bearing minerals as well as formation modeling of unconsolidated pyroclastic flows in Daridere-Direkli-Yakaoren (DDY) deposits in Turkey. REE-bearing minerals of DDY deposits which contain abundant trachytic-trachyandesitic rock fragments were determined as fluorapatite, britholite, and chevkinite by using XRD and SEM-EDX analyses. According to the geochemical analysis, the vast majority of sigma REE (up to 996 ppm) content is LREE such as La, Ce and Nd. Daridere is the most REE enriched region followed by Yakaoren and Direkli regions in terms of LREE (574.9 ppm), relative to MREE (38.5 ppm) and HREE (5.28 ppm) contents. These results are also on par with subduction-related Italian extrusive carbonatites such as Polino, Cupaello and San Venenzo. The DDY deposits can also be comparable with intraplate extrusive REE deposits in terms of LREE enrichments, however, HREE, Nb, Th and Zr values are generally lower. The sigma REE concentrations tend to rise with the increasing contents of alkaline elements (Na and K), HFSE (such as Nb and U), as well as LILE (Ba, Sr and Rb) and are negatively affected by sedimentary carbonate involvement. The economic value of the DDY deposits can gain importance due to the increasing global demand for LREE's.

Tectonic interpretation of the central Sierra Nevada—whether the crest of the Sierra Nevada (California, USA) was uplifted in the late Cenozoic or whether the range has undergone continuous down-wearing since the Late Cretaceous—is controversial, since there is no obvious tectonic explanation for renewed uplift. The strongest direct evidence for late Cenozoic uplift of the central Sierra Nevada comes from study of the Trachyandesite of Kennedy Table, which followed the course of the Miocene San Joaquin River but has a steeper gradient than the modern river. Early workers attributed this steeper gradient to tilting of the Sierra Nevada block since the late Miocene, resulting in 2 km of range-crest uplift. However, this interpretation has been contested on grounds that the Miocene river gradient had to be assumed and that the Sierran Batholith could have warped during tilting, thus failing to uplift the range crest. The objective of this study was to obtain quantitative data that test these criticisms. The Trachyandesite of Kennedy Table is a chain of 33 remnants of a single lava flow as thick as 65 m, preserved for 21 km from Squaw Leap to Little Dry Creek, close to the modern San Joaquin River in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Several remnants lie on fluvial gravel of the late Miocene San Joaquin River. Early workers speculated that the lava concealed its own (unrecognized) vent, but in 2011, we identified the vent on the Middle Fork of the San Joaquin River, 13.5 km south of Deadman Pass and 70 km northeast of Kennedy Table. The vent complex intrudes Cretaceous granite, has 285 m relief, and is an intricately jointed intrusion that grades up into a glassy lava flow. Composition (58% SiO2) and 40Ar/39Ar age (9.3 Ma) are identical at the vent and downstream. Basal elevations of remnants were recorded, and the present-day basal gradients of several were adjusted for apparent dip and projected along a vertical plane at 220° (the estimated tilt azimuth). The basal gradients are far steeper than that of the modern river, but they differ slightly from reach to reach and are thus inconsistent measures of the post-Miocene tilt. Likewise, relief eroded atop most remnants renders modeling of upper surfaces suspect. At Little Dry Creek, however, a chain of nine remnants rests on fluvial floodplain sand and gravel; this chain trends 230°, and its smooth basal contact now dips 1.36° (adjusted at 220°). Projection of this dip 89 km from the 207 m base of the most distal remnant at Little Dry Creek to the vent intrusion falls far below the 2760 m intrusion-to-lava-flow transition near the Sierran crest, showing that the Sierran block has not undergone pronounced convex warping. Using elevation data on paleoriver meanders preserved by the lava flow, we show that the paleogradient has a cosine dependence on meander-section azimuth, indicating tilting. Subtraction of 1.07° of dip restores the data to an azimuth-independent configuration, indicating total tilting since 9.3 Ma of 1.07° and an original large-scale gradient of 0.46°, similar to the published value of 0.33° at Squaw Leap, but larger than the previously obtained value of 0.057° at Little Dry Creek. Subtraction of those Miocene estimates from the observable 1.643° tilt along the section from Little Dry Creek to the vent yields vent uplift of 2464 m (for 0.057°), 1835 m (for 0.46°), and 2040 m (for 0.33°). Confirmation of earlier assumptions regarding Miocene river gradient and block rigidity greatly strengthens the case for ~2 km of late Cenozoic uplift of the central Sierra Nevada crest.

Oxidative stability is an important factor considered by those in the peanut manufacturing industry. Product stability has been shown to increase up to seven-fold when high-oleic peanuts are used. The percentage of US crop that is high-oleic continues to increase, but many producers are reluctant to grow high-oleic cultivars due to the uncertainty of the high-oleic effect on agronomic traits, such as seed germination, yield and grade. Experiments were designed and conducted to examine the effect of the high oleic trait on peanut seed germination in field plots and in the laboratory on a thermal gradient table. Genotypes used in these experiments included cultivars or breeding lines from each peanut market-type along with their near-isogenic, high oleic counterparts. Field emergence, or germination, was recorded in the field in 4 geographically different regions, as well as in the laboratory on a thermal gradient table. Thermal gradient table experimental results demonstrated a lag in germination in high oleic genotypes compared to their normal oleic counterparts in all market-types, but the effect was lowest in the runner-type pair. Results from these experiments increase the understanding of the agronomic properties of high-oleic peanut cultivars and could influence the modification of standard protocols used by state agencies to test high-oleic peanut germination for registered seed quality labeling. Furthermore, this study indicates that although producers may experience delayed germination from high oleic seed compared to low oleic counterparts, this germination lag is overcome by 21 days post-planting and does not negatively impact the agronomical performance of high oleic cultivars.

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between oceanographic factors and the catch of tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and to determine the potential fishing zone (ZPPI) in the waters of the Gulf of Bone. The data collection method is carried out by literature study and field observation study by taking coordinate points and measuring oceanographic parameters. The types of data collected were temperature, salinity, currents, and tuna catches. Data were analyzed using GIS software with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and ANOVA test. This research was conducted in Bone Bay Waters in October-November 2018. The results showed that the highest catch based on sea surface temperature was in the range of 32°C with a total yield of 1207.5 kg, the highest net based on salinity was in the field of 34‰, namely as much as 836.5 kg, and the highest catch is based on a current speed of 0.04 m/sec, which is as much as 334.5 kg. Based on the ANOVA table, the significance value of the effect of temperature (X1), salinity (X2), and current (X3) simultaneously on the tuna catch (Y) is 0.0425Ftabel (5.960>4,75) which means that there is a significant effect of oceanographic parameters on the tuna catch. Overlay analysis of oceanographic parameters shows potential areas for Euthynnus affinis is located most of the waters of Sinjai to the south of the Sembilan Island to the outside of Bone Bay.

Reasonable estimation of the project quantity in the feasibility study stage of mountain highway project is one of the basis for the preparation of investment estimation. Combined with the practical work for many years, the content and method of the temporary project, safety measures and other engineering quantity table in feasibility study stage of the highway project in Chongqiu District of mountain are introduced. Taking the calculation of the temporary project of Ningxiang expressway as an example, the basic method of calculation of the maintenance and restoration of the construction access road, the bridge and the original road in mountainous area is analyzed. The author concludes that the influence of geological conditions, topography and original traffic facilities should be considered comprehensively when preparing the temporary engineering quantity table.

Fertilization is a limiting factor in plant development and indirectly affects the population density of phytophagous insects. This study tested the performance of the aphid Rhodobium porosum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on three rose cultivars exposed to two nutrient solutions in subsurface 'ebb and flow' irrigation systems in greenhouse. The performance of R. porosum was determined by means of the life table and fertility. Both cultivar and fertilization affected many life history and population traits of the aphid. The lower insect fertility and survival were observed in the nutrient solution usually recommended for fruit-type vegetables and on the 'Tineke' rose cultivar, because this combination caused lower net reproductive rate R0 (0.52 female), finite rate of increase λ (0.9469 female/day), innate capacity to increase in number rm (-0.0516 female/female/day), as well as longer time interval between each generation T (16.62 days). The lowest performance of the R. porosum on 'Tineke' rose cultivated in the nutrient solution 1 suggests that this seems to be the best combination to reduce problems with aphid attack in soilless rose cultivation.

Elmas sırtlı güve Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Brassicaeous bitkilerinin dünya çapında önemli bir zararlısıdır. Yaş-evre ve iki cinsiyetli yaşam parametrelerinin belirlenmesi, daha etkili kontrol stratejileri geliştirmek için önemlidir. Bununla birlikte, P. xylostella'nın gelişimi için en uygun konukçunun belirlenmesi de kritiktir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı konukçularda biyolojik özelliklerinin incelenerek en uygun konukçuyu belirlemek ve yaş-evre iki-cinsiyetli yaşam parametrelerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. GGE Biplot analizleri, biyolojik özellikler ve farklı konukçular kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Two-Sex MSChart programı, yaş-evre ve iki-cinsiyetli yaşam tablosu parametreleri için kullanılmıştır. GGE Biplot analizlerinde, P. xylostella için en uygun konukçu karnabahar olarak belirlenmiştir. GRR ve R0 karnabaharda daha yüksek (106,25±27,56 ve 96,88±25,59 nesil/birey) kanolada (22,93±10,18 ve 15,76±6,79 nesil/birey) daha düşüktür. λ değeri ve r, kara lahanada (1.27±0.02 ve 0.24±0.02 gün) daha yüksek iken, beyaz lahana (1.13±0.01 ve 0.12±0.01 gün) ve kanolada (1.13±0.03 ve 0.12±0.02 gün) azalmıştır. En yüksek günlük yumurta bırakma (mx) karnabaharda (18.47 adet) ve en düşük kara lahanadadır (3.05 adet). Sunulan sonuçlar, Brassicaeous bitkilerindeki popülasyon yoğunluğunun ve zararının tahmin edilmesi ve yeni mücadele stratejilerinin geliştirilmesinde yararlı olacaktır., The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is an important worldwide pest of Brassicaeous plants. Determining age-stage and two-sex life parameters are important to development more effective control strategies. However, it is also crucial to determine the preffered host for the larval rearing of P. xylostella. The aim of this work is to investigate the preffered Brassicaeous plant by examining the biological characteristics on different hosts and to reveal age-stage and two-sex life parameters. GGE Biplot analyzes were created using the biological characteristics and the different hosts. Two-Sex MSChart program is used to report age-stage and two-sex life table parameters. In GGE Biplot analyzes, suitable host for P. xylostella was determined as cauliflower. GRR and R0 were the higher in cauliflower (106.25±27.56 and 96.88±25.59 offspring/individual) and less in canola (22.93±10.18 and 15.76±6.79 offspring/individual). λ value and r were higher in collard (1.27±0.02 and 0.24±0.02 days) while decreased in white cabbage (1.13±0.01 and 0.12±0.01 days) and canola (1.13±0.03 and 0.12±0.02 days). The highest daily fecundity (mx) was on cauliflower (18.47 eggs) and on collard (3.05 eggs) as lowest. The presented results will be useful in estimating population density and the damages to Brassicaeous plants in order to develop new management strategies.

The use of saline water is an alternative for irrigating agricultural crops, especially in the Brazilian Northeastern semi-arid region, where water quality is limited in most cases. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of table beet cv. “Wonder” irrigated with saline waters under the application of humic substances. The experiment was conducted under a randomized block design, with six replications in a 6 x 4 x 5 factorial scheme, referring to six electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw): 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5; 4.5 and 5.5 dS m-¹, four humic substances rates (HS) (0; 10; 20 and 30 ml per plant), and five stages of assessment (23, 38, 53, 68 and 83 days after emergency). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content (a, b and total), stomatal conductance, transpiration, net photosynthesis and CO2 internal concentration, and in the soil, the soil pH and the electrical conductivity of saturated paste extract. The increase of salinity reduced growth, chlorophyll a content, and the stomatal conductance of beet plants. The application rate of 30 ml per plant of humic substances promotes an increase in stomatal conductance. The application of humic substances raises the pH in sandy acidic soils. It is recommended to irrigate table beet plants with water of 0.5 dS m-1 associated with the application of 30 mL per plant of humic substances

The Table Mountains, a flat-topped series of ridges capped by a 10.4 Ma latite flow in the Stanislaus River watershed, are considered to be evidence for late Cenozoic uplift-driven landscape rejuvenation in the northern Sierra Nevada range (California, USA). The commonly accepted theory for the formation of these mesas posits that the latite flowed and cooled within a bedrock paleovalley and, since then, the surrounding landscape has eroded away, leaving behind the volcanic deposit as a ridge. Although this theory is accepted by many, it has not been thoroughly tested. In this study, I examine a series of geological cross-sections extracted along the length of the latite deposit to determine whether the evidence supports the existence of bedrock valley walls on both sides of the 10.4 Ma flow. I find that the presence of older Cenozoic deposits adjacent to the latite flow precludes the possibility that the flow would have been constrained within a bedrock valley. Moreover, the cross-section from an 1865 report that has been offered as evidence of topographic inversion (and subsequently reproduced in numerous publications) does not accurately represent the topography at that site. I conclude that there is no evidence that the bedrock topography has been inverted and that instead, the latite flowed within a channel cut into underlying Cenozoic deposits, which have since mostly eroded away. This study, therefore, refutes the hypothesis that the Stanislaus River watershed was rejuvenated in the late Cenozoic and challenges the claim for recent significant uplift of the region.

The results of long-term mineralogical studies of the lunar regolith, obtained using analytical scanning and transmission electron microscopy, are presented. These studies revealed 105 mineral phases new for the Moon, 43 of which were discovered for the first time under natural conditions; an electronic link to the final table is given. An example of studying condensate glasses and native molybdenum is presented.

Oil- and gas-bearing reefs are widespread in the Paleozoic of ancient (North American, East European, and Siberian) platforms. Two main types of reefs have been identified according to their morphology and paleogeographic position. Single isolated reefs formed in the setting of more or less deep-water reservoirs represent relatively symmetric (in cross-section), dome-type (pinnacle reefs), flat-top (table reefs), and atoll-type structures, which are replaced on all sides by thin deep-water clayey–siliceous–carbonate sediments. Asymmetric reefs, localized at the shallow-to-deep sea bends, are characterized by distinct morphological and lithofacies heterogeneity. Their elevation above the shallow-water back-reef deposits is small, and the slopes are rather gentle. Above the deep-water pre-reef deposits, the elevation is significant, and the slopes are often steep. Tectonic movements after the reef formation do not almost affect the volume of the solitary reef reservoir, but significantly affect the useful volume of reefs of asymmetric systems, both increasing or reducing it down to complete elimination. The internal structure of reservoirs is determined by purely lithological factors—facies zoning within the reefs.

The present paper is an attempt to analyse the spatial patterns of migration, variations in the level of socio-economic development and the relationship between total migration (dependent variable) and selected variables of development (independent variables) among the states of India. The entire research work is based on secondary sources of data, collected from Census of India publications (2011), Migration Table – D Series, Handbook of Statistics of Indian States, Primary Census Abstract of India and Basic Road Statistics of India. The boundary of a state has been taken as the smallest unit of the study. The present study reveals that, from the southern part of the country, the level of migration changes rapidly from high to low grade towards the north. On the other hand, the states lying in the western and eastern part experienced medium to high level of migration in comparison to the north-eastern states having a low level of migration in India. The level of development is high or medium in northern, western and southern states in comparison to the states, lying in the eastern and north-eastern parts of the country.