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2. Sustained aviremia despite anti-retroviral therapy non-adherence in male children after in utero HIV transmission

Author

Bengu, Nomonde, Cromhout, Gabriela, Adland, Emily, Govender, Katya, Herbert, Nicholas, Lim, Nicholas, Fillis, Rowena, Sprenger, Kenneth, Vieira, Vinicius, Kannie, Samantha, van Lobenstein, Jeroen, Chinniah, Kogielambal, Kapongo, Constant, Bhoola, Roopesh, Krishna, Malini, Mchunu, Noxolo, Pascucci, Giuseppe Rubens, Cotugno, Nicola, Palma, Paolo, Tagarro, Alfredo, Rojo, Pablo, Roider, Julia, Garcia-Guerrero, Maria C., Ochsenbauer, Christina, Groll, Andreas, Reddy, Kavidha, Giaquinto, Carlo, Rossi, Paolo, Hong, Seohyun, Dong, Krista, Ansari, M. Azim, Puertas, Maria C., Ndung’u, Thumbi, Capparelli, Edmund, Lichterfeld, Mathias, Martinez-Picado, Javier, Kappes, John C., Archary, Moherndran, and Goulder, Philip

Published
2024
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3. Twice-Daily Dosing of Dolutegravir in Infants on Rifampicin Treatment: A Pharmacokinetic Substudy of the EMPIRICAL Trial.

Author

Jacobs, Tom, Mumbiro, Vivian, Cassia, Uneisse, Zimba, Kevin, Nalwanga, Damalie, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Tagarro, Alfredo, Madrid, Lola, Mutata, Constantine, Chitsamatanga, Moses, Bwakura-Dangarembizi, Mutsa, Passanduca, Alfeu, Buck, W, Nduna, Bwendo, Chabala, Chishala, Najjingo, Elizabeth, Musiime, Victor, Moraleda, Cinta, Colbers, Angela, Mujuru, Hilda, Rojo, Pablo, and Burger, David

Subjects
HIV, dolutegravir, drug–drug interaction, infants, rifampicin, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, HIV, HIV Infections, Oxazines, Piperazines, Pyridones, Rifampin
Abstract

BACKGROUND: We evaluated dolutegravir pharmacokinetics in infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving dolutegravir twice daily (BID) with rifampicin-based tuberculosis (TB) treatment compared with once daily (OD) without rifampicin. METHODS: Infants with HIV aged 1-12 months, weighing ≥3 kg, and receiving dolutegravir BID with rifampicin or OD without rifampicin were eligible. Six blood samples were taken over 12 (BID) or 24 hours (OD). Dolutegravir pharmacokinetic parameters, HIV viral load (VL) data, and adverse events (AEs) were reported. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 30 enrolled infants had evaluable pharmacokinetic curves. The median (interquartile range) age was 7.1 months (6.1-9.9), weight was 6.3 kg (5.6-7.2), 21 (78%) received rifampicin, and 11 (41%) were female. Geometric mean ratios comparing dolutegravir BID with rifampicin versus OD without rifampicin were area under curve (AUC)0-24h 0.91 (95% confidence interval, .59-1.42), Ctrough 0.95 (0.57-1.59), Cmax 0.87 (0.57-1.33). One infant (5%) receiving rifampicin versus none without rifampicin had dolutegravir Ctrough

Published
2024

4. Early inflammation as a footprint of increased mortality risk in infants living with HIV from three African countries

Author

Morrocchi, Elena, Pascucci, Giuseppe R., Cotugno, Nicola, Pighi, Chiara, Dominguez-Rodriguez, Sara, Petrara, Maria Raffaella, Tagarro, Alfredo, Kuhn, Louise, Cotton, Mark F., Otwombe, Kennedy, Lain, Maria G., Vaz, Paula, Barnabas, Shaun L., Spyer, Moira J., Lopez, Elisa, Fernández-Luis, Sheila, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Maiga, Almoustapha I., Dolo, Oumar, De Rossi, Anita, Rojo, Pablo, Giaquinto, Carlo, Lichterfeld, Mathias, Violari, Avy, Smit, Theresa, Behuhuma, Osee, Klein, Nigel, De Armas, Lesley, Pahwa, Savita, Rossi, Paolo, and Palma, Paolo

Published
2024
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5. Author Correction: Sustained aviremia despite anti-retroviral therapy non-adherence in male children after in utero HIV transmission

Author

Bengu, Nomonde, Cromhout, Gabriela, Adland, Emily, Govender, Katya, Herbert, Nicholas, Lim, Nicholas, Fillis, Rowena, Sprenger, Kenneth, Vieira, Vinicius, Kannie, Samantha, van Lobenstein, Jeroen, Chinniah, Kogielambal, Kapongo, Constant, Bhoola, Roopesh, Krishna, Malini, Mchunu, Noxolo, Pascucci, Giuseppe Rubens, Cotugno, Nicola, Palma, Paolo, Tagarro, Alfredo, Rojo, Pablo, Roider, Julia, Garcia-Guerrero, Maria C., Ochsenbauer, Christina, Groll, Andreas, Reddy, Kavidha, Giaquinto, Carlo, Rossi, Paolo, Hong, Seohyun, Dong, Krista, Ansari, M. Azim, Puertas, Maria C., Ndung’u, Thumbi, Capparelli, Edmund, Lichterfeld, Mathias, Martinez-Picado, Javier, Kappes, John C., Archary, Moherndran, and Goulder, Philip

Published
2025
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6. First-Line Antituberculosis Drug Concentrations in Infants With HIV and a History of Recent Admission With Severe Pneumonia.

Author

Chabala, Chishala, Jacobs, Tom, Moraleda, Cinta, Ndaferankhande, John, Mumbiro, Vivian, Passanduca, Alfeu, Namuziya, Natasha, Nalwanga, Damalie, Musiime, Victor, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Chitsamatanga, Moses, Cassia, Uneisse, Nduna, Bwendo, Bramugy, Justina, Sacarlal, Jahit, Madrid, Lola, Nathoo, Kusum, Colbers, Angela, Burger, David, Mulenga, Veronica, Buck, William, Mujuru, Hilda, Te Brake, Lindsey, Rojo, Pablo, Tagarro, Alfredo, and Aarnoutse, Rob

Subjects
HIV, HRZE, Tuberculosis, infants, pharmacokinetics, Adult, Infant, Humans, Antitubercular Agents, HIV Infections, Pneumonia, Reference Values
Abstract

Optimal antituberculosis therapy is essential for favorable clinical outcomes. Peak plasma concentrations of first-line antituberculosis drugs in infants with living HIV receiving WHO-recommended dosing were low compared with reference values for adults, supporting studies on increased doses of first-line TB drugs in infants.

Published
2023

7. Desvantagem, fadiga vocal e qualidade de vida em voz em pacientes com Esclerose Múltipla

Author

Raí dos Santos Santiago, Jaya Miranda Carvalho de Araújo, Márcia Helena Cassago Nascimento, Carolina Fiorin Anhoque, Alana Tagarro Neves, Gabriel Trevizani Depolli, Bruno Batitucci Castrillo, Paula Zago Melo Dias, Regina Eliza Albano Vanzo, Carla Carvalho Nascimento, Valerio Garrone Barauna, and Lívia Carla de Melo Rodrigues

Subjects
Esclerose Múltipla, Disfonia, Fadiga, Qualidade de Vida, Desvantagem Vocal, Distúrbio de Voz, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547
Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo descrever características sociodemográficas de indivíduos com esclerose múltipla, correlacionar e comparar a fadiga, desvantagem vocal e a qualidade de vida em voz de indivíduos com e sem a doença. Método Estudo transversal, quantitativo e com 52 voluntários com esclerose múltipla e 52 voluntários-controle, pareados por sexo, idade e escolaridade. Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram coletados com questionário e análise de prontuários. Os participantes responderam ao Índice de Desvantagem Vocal reduzido (IDV-10), Índice de Fadiga Vocal (IFV) e Qualidade de Vida em Voz (QVV). Análises correlacionais e comparativas foram realizadas, com um nível de significância de 5% (p

Published
2025
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10. Brief Report: Suboptimal Lopinavir Exposure in Infants on Rifampicin Treatment Receiving Double-dosed or Semisuperboosted Lopinavir/Ritonavir: Time for a Change

Author

Jacobs, Tom G, Mumbiro, Vivian, Chitsamatanga, Moses, Namuziya, Natasha, Passanduca, Alfeu, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Tagarro, Alfredo, Nathoo, Kusum J, Nduna, Bwendo, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Madrid, Lola, Mujuru, Hilda A, Chabala, Chishala, Buck, W Chris, Rojo, Pablo, Burger, David M, Moraleda, Cinta, and Colbers, Angela

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Pediatric, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Pediatric AIDS, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Male, Infant, Humans, Child, Female, Lopinavir, Ritonavir, Rifampin, HIV Infections, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Protease Inhibitors, lopinavir, infants, rifampin, HIV, tuberculosis, drug-drug interaction, EMPIRICAL Clinical Trial Group, Public Health and Health Services, Virology, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough super-boosted lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r; ratio 4:4 instead of 4:1) is recommended for infants living with HIV and receiving concomitant rifampicin, in clinical practice, many different LPV/r dosing strategies are applied due to poor availability of pediatric separate ritonavir formulations needed to superboost. We evaluated LPV pharmacokinetics in infants with HIV receiving LPV/r dosed according to local guidelines in various sub-Saharan African countries with or without rifampicin-based tuberculosis (TB) treatment.MethodsThis was a 2-arm pharmacokinetic substudy nested within the EMPIRICAL trial (#NCT03915366). Infants aged 1-12 months recruited into the main study were administered LPV/r according to local guidelines and drug availability either with or without rifampicin-based TB treatment; during rifampicin cotreatment, they received double-dosed (ratio 8:2) or semisuperboosted LPV/r (adding a ritonavir 100 mg crushed tablet to the evening LPV/r dose). Six blood samples were taken over 12 hours after intake of LPV/r.ResultsIn total, 14/16 included infants had evaluable pharmacokinetic curves; 9/14 had rifampicin cotreatment (5 received double-dosed and 4 semisuperboosted LPV/r). The median (IQR) age was 6.4 months (5.4-9.8), weight 6.0 kg (5.2-6.8), and 10/14 were male. Of those receiving rifampicin, 6/9 infants (67%) had LPV Ctrough

Published
2023

11. Empirical treatment against cytomegalovirus and tuberculosis in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia: study protocol for a multicenter, open-label randomized controlled clinical trial

Author

Rojo, Pablo, Moraleda, Cinta, Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Castillo, Lola Madrid, Tato, Luis Manuel Prieto, López, Aranzazu Sancho, Manukyan, Lilit, Marcy, Olivier, Leroy, Valeriane, Nardone, Alessandra, Burger, David, Bassat, Quique, Bates, Matthew, Moh, Raoul, Iroh Tam, Pui-Ying, Mvalo, Tisungane, Magallhaes, Justina, Buck, W Chris, Sacarlal, Jahit, Musiime, Victor, Chabala, Chishala, and Mujuru, Hilda Angela

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Rare Diseases, Pneumonia, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Tuberculosis, Pediatric, Patient Safety, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Pneumonia & Influenza, Lung, Orphan Drug, Infectious Diseases, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Child, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Cytomegalovirus, Cytomegalovirus Infections, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Valganciclovir, Factorial, Empirical, HIV, Infants, Child mortality, Factorial randomized clinical trial, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, General & Internal Medicine, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Health services and systems
Abstract

BackgroundPneumonia is the primary cause of death among HIV-infected children in Africa, with mortality rates as high as 35-40% in infants hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Bacterial pathogens and Pneumocystis jirovecii are well known causes of pneumonia-related death, but other important causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and tuberculosis (TB) remain under-recognized and undertreated. The immune response elicited by CMV may be associated with the risk of developing TB and TB disease progression, and CMV may accelerate disease caused both by HIV and TB. Minimally invasive autopsies confirm that CMV and TB are unrecognized causes of death in children with HIV. CMV and TB may also co-infect the same child. The aim of this study is to compare the impact on 15-day and 1-year mortality of empirical treatment against TB and CMV plus standard of care (SoC) versus SoC in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia.MethodsThis is a Phase II-III, open-label randomized factorial (2 × 2) clinical trial, conducted in six African countries. The trial has four arms. Infants from 28 to 365 days of age HIV-infected and hospitalized with severe pneumonia will be randomized (1:1:1:1) to (i) SoC, (ii) valganciclovir, (iii) TB-T, and (iv) TB-T plus valganciclovir. The primary endpoint of the study is all-cause mortality, focusing on the short-term (up to 15 days) and long-term (up to 1 year) mortality. Secondary endpoints include repeat hospitalization, duration of oxygen therapy during initial admission, severe and notable adverse events, adverse reactions, CMV and TB prevalence at enrolment, TB incidence, CMV viral load reduction, and evaluation of diagnostic tests such as GeneXpert Ultra on fecal and nasopharyngeal aspirate samples and urine TB-LAM.DiscussionGiven the challenges in diagnosing CMV and TB in children and results from previous autopsy studies that show high rates of poly-infection in HIV-infected infants with respiratory disease, this study aims to evaluate a new approach including empirical treatment of CMV and TB for this patient population. The potential downsides of empirical treatment of these conditions include toxicity and medication interactions, which will be evaluated with pharmacokinetics sub-studies.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03915366, Universal Trial Number U111-1231-4736, Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201994797961340.

Published
2022

12. Position statement on infection screening, prophylaxis, and vaccination of pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressive therapies, part 3: precautions in situations of surgery, fever, and opportunistic infections

Author

Clemente, Daniel, Cuadros, Esmeralda Núñez, Lovillo, Marisol Camacho, Hernández, Joan Calzada, Martín, Sara Guillén, Silveira, Laura Fernández, Cruz, María José Lirola, Tagarro, Alfredo, Rueda, Rosa María Alcobendas, López López, Agustín, Aritziturri, Miren Satrustegi, and Calvo, Cristina

Published
2024
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13. T-Cell Immune Responses in Newborns and Long-Term Sequelae in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection (CYTRIC Study)

Author

Hernández, Judith, Pisón, Raquel Pinillos, Arnaiz, Eneritz Velasco, Villaverde, Serena, Vila, Sara, Rojo, Pablo, Epalza, Cristina, Moraleda, Cinta, Cooke, Elisa Fernández, Prieto, Luis, Zamora, Berta, Martínez de Aragón, Ana, Simón, Rogelio, Camacho, Ana, Machín, Fátima, Cabello, Laura, Romero, María Luz, Serna, Miquel, Martín, Marta, Esquivel-De la Fuente, Estrella, Calle, María de la, Rodríguez, Sara Domínguez, Cabanes, María, Gómez-Montes, Enery, Goncé, Anna, Bango, Marta Valdés, Viñuela-Benéitez, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> Carmen, Muñoz-Chápuli Gutiérrez, Mar, Pérez, Irene Cuadrado, Encinas, Begoña, Tagarro, Alfredo, Alcázar, Diana García, Burguillo, Antonio García, Martín, Roser Díez, Calavia, Olga, Salvia, Dolors, Olabarrieta, Iciar, Xiberta, Joan Manel, Jiménez Losa, Luz María, Soriano-Ramos, María, Pedrero-Tomé, Roberto, Giménez-Quiles, Estela, Albert, Eliseo, Baquero-Artigao, Fernando, Rodríguez-Molino, Paula, del Rosal, Teresa, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Fortuny, Clàudia, Ríos-Barnés, María, Saavedra-Lozano, Jesús, Dueñas, Eva, Sánchez-Mateos, Miguel, Castells, Laura, de la Serna, María, Frick, Marie Antoinette, de Vergas, Joaquín, Núñez-Enamorado, Noemí, Moral-Pumarega, María Teresa, Folgueira, María Dolores, Navarro, David, and Blázquez-Gamero, Daniel

Published
2024
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15. Position statement on infection screening, prophylaxis, and vaccination in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressive therapies, part 2: infection prophylaxis

Author

Clemente Garulo, Daniel, Núñez-Cuadros, Esmeralda, Camacho Lovillo, Marisol, Calzada-Hernández, Joan, Guillén Martín, Sara, Fernández Silveira, Laura, Lirola Cruz, María José, Tagarro, Alfredo, Alcobendas Rueda, Rosa María, López López, Agustín, Satrustegi Aritziturri, Miren, and Calvo, Cristina

Published
2023
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16. High mortality following early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in infants living with HIV from three African countries

Author

Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Cotton, Mark, Otwombe, Kennedy, Klein, Nigel, Lain, Maria Grazia, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Maiga, Almoustapha Issiaka, Barnabas, Shaun, Vaz, Paula, Violari, Avy, Fernández-Luis, Sheila, Behuhuma, Osee, Sylla, Mariam, López-Varela, Elisa, Naniche, Denise, Janse-Van-Rensburg, Anita, Liberty, Afaaf, Ramsagar, Nastassja, Smit, Theresa, Makhari, Senamile, Ismael, Nalia, Giaquinto, Carlo, Rossi, Paolo, Kuhn, Louise, Palma, Paolo, Spyer, Moira, Lichterfeld, Mathias, Nastuoli, Eleni, Giannuzzi, Viviana, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Cotugno, Nicola, Morrocchi, Elena, Oletto, Andrea, Traoré, Fatoumata Tata, Dobbels, Els, Akhalwaya, Yasmeen, Ording-Jespersen, Gregory, Foster, Caroline, Rabie, Helena, Amuge, Pauline, Brehin, Camille, Pahwa, Savita, Coulibaly, Yacouba Aba, and Rojo, Pablo

Published
2024
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17. Current Knowledge on CRISPR Strategies Against Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria

Author

Carlos de la Fuente Tagarro, Diego Martín-González, Andrea De Lucas, Sergio Bordel, and Fernando Santos-Beneit

Subjects
antibiotic, AMR, multidrug-resistant bacteria, CRISPR/Cas, phages, nanoparticles, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

CRISPR/Cas systems have emerged as valuable tools to approach the problem of antimicrobial resistance by either sensitizing or lysing resistant bacteria or by aiding in antibiotic development, with successful applications across diverse organisms, including bacteria and fungi. CRISPR/Cas systems can target plasmids or the bacterial chromosome of AMR-bacteria, and it is especially necessary to have an efficient entry into the target cells, which can be achieved through nanoparticles or bacteriophages. Regarding antibiotic development and production, though the use of CRISPR/Cas in this field is still modest, there is an untapped reservoir of bacterial and fungal natural products, with over 95% yet to be characterized. In Streptomyces, a key antibiotic-producing bacterial genus, CRISPR/Cas has been successfully used to activate silent biosynthetic gene clusters, leading to the discovery of new antibiotics. CRISPR/Cas is also applicable to non-model bacteria and different species of fungi, making it a versatile tool for natural products discovery. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas-based studies offer insights into metabolic regulation and biosynthetic pathways in both bacteria and fungi, highlighting its utility in understanding genetic regulation and improving industrial strains. In this work, we review ongoing innovations on ways to treat antimicrobial resistances and on antibiotic discovery using CRISPR/Cas platforms, highlighting the role of bacteria and fungi in these processes.

Published
2024
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18. Persistent Symptoms (Lasting Longer than 1 Year) in Children Hospitalized with Acute COVID-19 Versus Other Conditions

Author

Marta Conde, Irati Gastesi, Lucía de Pablo, Sara Villanueva-Medina, David Aguilera-Alonso, Ana Esteban, Cristina Epalza, María López, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Pablo Gómez, Álvaro Ballesteros, Carlota Pinto, Marisa Navarro, Carlo Giaquinto, Cinta Moraleda, and Alfredo Tagarro

Subjects
post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, children, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, chronic fatigue disorder, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Background: We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of persistent signs and/or symptoms in children and young people (CYP) one year after hospitalization for acute COVID-19 compared with a control group of CYP hospitalized for other conditions. Methods: We conducted an observational study in three hospitals in Madrid, which included a group of children aged between 1 month and 18 years who were hospitalized due to acute COVID-19 from March 2020 to December 2021. We also selected a comparison group of patients hospitalized for other, unrelated conditions within the same month. Eligible participants had no history of COVID-19 at recruitment or during follow-up. Data were collected from clinical records and a standardized questionnaire completed by the patients’ families. The primary outcome was the presence of persistent symptoms one year after hospitalization. Results: A total of 96 patients were enrolled and analyzed (50 acute COVID-19 patients and 46 non-COVID-19 participants). Of these, 34/96 (35%) met the criteria for persistent symptoms (CYP: 17/50 (34%) COVID-19 participants and 17/46 (37%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.767)). Symptoms persisted ≥12 months in 14/50 (28%) COVID-19 participants and in 7/46 (15%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.140). Both before and after admission, all of the participants provided similar ratings for all of the specific items related to emotional welfare, social relationships, and current activities. Readmissions occurred in 11/50 (22%) COVID-19 participants and in 6/46 (13%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.267). Conclusions: We identified a non-significant difference in the prevalence of persistent symptoms 1 year after hospitalization between children and young people (CYP) with acute COVID-19 and those hospitalized for non-COVID-19-related conditions.

Published
2024
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20. Ensembles of Convolutional Neural Networks models for pediatric pneumonia diagnosis

Author

Liz, Helena, Sánchez-Montañés, Manuel, Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Dagan, Ron, and Camacho, David

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes 15% of childhood mortality, over 800,000 children under five every year, all over the world. This pathology is mainly caused by viruses or bacteria. X-rays imaging analysis is one of the most used methods for pneumonia diagnosis. These clinical images can be analyzed using machine learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), which learn to extract critical features for the classification. However, the usability of these systems is limited in medicine due to the lack of interpretability, because of these models cannot be used to generate an understandable explanation (from a human-based perspective), about how they have reached those results. Another problem that difficults the impact of this technology is the limited amount of labeled data in many medicine domains. The main contributions of this work are two fold: the first one is the design of a new explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique based on combining the individual heatmaps obtained from each model in the ensemble. This allows to overcome the explainability and interpretability problems of the CNN "black boxes", highlighting those areas of the image which are more relevant to generate the classification. The second one is the development of new ensemble deep learning models to classify chest X-rays that allow highly competitive results using small datasets for training. We tested our ensemble model using a small dataset of pediatric X-rays (950 samples) with low quality and anatomical variability (which represents one of the biggest challenges). We also tested other strategies such as single CNNs trained from scratch and transfer learning using CheXNet. Our results show that our ensemble model outperforms these strategies obtaining highly competitive results. Finally, we confirmed the robustness of our approach using another pneumonia diagnosis dataset [1].

Published
2020
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21. Effectiveness and Safety of Direct-acting Antivirals for Treatment of Adolescents With HCV/HIV Coinfection: Real-world Data From Europe

Author

Malik, Farihah, Crichton, Siobhan, Plotnikova, Yulia, Latysheva, Inga, Samarina, Anna, Pokorska-Śpiewak, Maria, Gomez, Marisa Navarro, Bailey, Heather, Thorne, Claire, Judd, Ali, Turkova, Anna, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Marczyńska, Magdalena, Popielska, Jolanta, Ołdakowska, Agnieszka, Zawadka, Konrad, Pluta, Magdalena, Doroba, Małgorzata, Okhonskaya, Liubov, Rozenberg, Vladimir, Voronin, Evgeny, Plynsky, Alexksey A., José Mellado, María, Escosa, Luis, García Hortelano, Milagros, Sainz, Talía, Grasa, Carlos, Rodríguez, Paula, Rojo, Pablo, Prieto-Tato, Luis, Epalza, Cristina, Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez, Sara, Ballesteros, Álvaro, Tomás Ramos, José, Illán, Marta, Berzosa, Arantxa, Guillén, Sara, Soto, Beatriz, Luisa Navarro, María, Saavedra, Jesús, Santos, Mar, Aguilera, David, Santiago, Begoña, Jimenez de Ory, Santiago, Bermejo, Amanda, Penín, María, Martínez, Jorge, Badillo, Katie, Belén Jiménez, Ana, Navas, Adriana, Oñate, Eider, Pocheville, Itziar, Garrote, Elisa, Colino, Elena, Afonso, Olga, Gómez Sirvent, Jorge, Garzón, Mónica, Román, Vicente, Angulo, Raquel, Neth, Olaf, Falcón, Lola, Terol, Pedro, Luis Santos, Juan, Vázquez, Álvaro, Carazo, Begoña, Medina, Antonio, Lendínez, Francisco, Ibáñez, Mercedes, Peromingo, Estrella, Isabel Sánchez, María, Ruiz, Beatriz, Grande, Ana, José Romero, Francisco, Pérez, Carlos, Calle, Laura, Pareja, Marta, Losada, Begoña, Herranz, Mercedes, Bustillo, Matilde, Collado, Pilar, Antonio Couceiro, José, Vila, Leticia, Calviño, Consuelo, Isabel Piqueras, Ana, Oltra, Manuel, Gavilán, César, Montesinos, Elena, Dapena, Marta, Jiménez, Beatriz, Gloria Andrés, Ana, Marugán, Víctor, Ochoa, Carlos, Isabel Menasalvas, Ana, Cervantes, Eloísa, Álvarez, Beatriz, Díez, Cristina, Bernardino, Ignacio, Luisa Montes, María, Valencia, Eulalia, Delgado, Ana, Rubio, Rafael, Pulido, Federico, Bisbal, Otilia, Monereo Alonso, Alfonso, Berenguer, Juan, Díez, Cristina, Aldamiz, Teresa, Tejerina, Francisco, Carlos Bernaldo de Quirós, Juan, Padilla, Belén, Carrillo, Raquel, Montilla, Pedro, Bermúdez, Elena, Valerio, Maricela, Sanz, Jose, Gimeno, Alejandra, Cervero, Miguel, Torres, Rafael, Moreno, Santiago, Jesús Perez, María, del Campo, Santos, Ryan, Pablo, Troya, Jesus, Sanz, Jesus, Losa, Juan, Gomez, Rafael, Górgolas, Miguel, Díaz, Alberto, de la Fuente, Sara, Antonio Iribarren, Jose, Jose Aramburu, Maria, Martinez, Lourdes, Josune Goikoetxea, Ane, Ibarra, Sofia, de la Peña, Mireia, Asensi, Víctor, Hernandez, Michele, Remedios Alemán, María, Pelazas, Ricardo, del Mar Alonso, María, María López, Ana, García, Dácil, Rodriguez, Jehovana, Angel Cardenes, Miguel, Castaño, Manuel A., Orihuela, Francisco, Pérez, Inés, Isabel Mayorga, Mª, Fernando Lopez-Cortes, Luis, Roca, Cristina, Llaves, Silvia, Jose Rios, Maria, Rodriguez, Jesus, Palomo, Virginia, Pasquau, Juan, Garcia, Coral, Hernandez, Jose, Martinez, Clara, Rivero, Antonio, Camacho, Angela, Merino, Dolores, Raffo, Miguel, Corpa, Laura, Martinez, Elisa, Mateos, Fernando, Javier Blanch, Jose, Torralba, Miguel, Arazo, Piedad, Samperiz, Gloria, Miralles, Celia, Ocampo, Antonio, Pousada, Guille, Mena, Alvaro, Montero, Marta, Salavert, Miguel, Jose Galindo, Maria, Pretel, Natalia, Portilla, Joaquín, Portilla, Irene, Gutierrez, Felix, Masia, Mar, Robledano, Cati, Adsuar, Araceli, Hinojosa, Carmen, Monteagudo, Begoña, Bachiller, Pablo, Abadía, Jesica, Galera, Carlos, Albendin, Helena, Fernandez, Marian, and Ramon Blanco, Jose

Published
2024
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23. Low unspliced cell-associated HIV RNA in early treated adolescents living with HIV on long suppressive ART

Author

Kathleen Gärtner, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Judith Heaney, Triantafylia Gkouleli, Paul Grant, Karim Dorgham, Delphine Sauce, Cathia Soulie, Eloise J. Busby, Denise M. O’Sullivan, Moira Spyer, Johannes C. Botha, Maria Angeles Muñoz-Fernandez, Alfredo Tagarro, Nicola Cotugno, Jim F. Huggett, Nigel Klein, Paolo Palma, Pablo Rojo Conejo, Caroline Foster, Carlo Giaquinto, Paolo Rossi, Deborah Persaud, Anita De Rossi, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, and Eleni Nastouli

Subjects
HIV-1, adolescents, early treated, suppressed, cell-associated RNA, cell-associated DNA, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

IntroductionInitiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in patients early after HIV-infection and long-term suppression leads to low or undetectable levels of HIV RNA and cell-associated (CA) HIV DNA and RNA. Both CA-DNA and CA-RNA, overestimate the size of the HIV reservoir but CA-RNA as well as p24/cell-free viral RNA can be indicators of residual viral replication. This study describes HIV RNA amounts and levels of cytokines/soluble markers in 40 well-suppressed adolescents who initiated ART early in life and investigated which viral markers may be informative as endpoints in cure clinical trials within this population.MethodsForty adolescents perinatally infected with HIV on suppressive ART for >5 years were enrolled in the CARMA study. HIV DNA and total or unspliced CA-RNA in PBMCs were analyzed by qPCR/RT-qPCR and dPCR/RT-dPCR. Cell-free HIV was determined using an ultrasensitive viral load (US-VL) assay. Plasma markers and p24 were analyzed by digital ELISA and correlations between total and unspliced HIV RNA and clinical markers, including age at ART, Western Blot score, levels of cytokines/inflammation markers or HIV CA-DNA, were tested.ResultsCA-RNA was detected in two thirds of the participants and was comparable in RT-qPCR and RT-dPCR. Adolescents with undetectable CA-RNA showed significantly lower HIV DNA compared to individuals with detectable CA-RNA. Undetectable unspliced CA-RNA was positively associated with age at ART initiation and Western Blot score. We found that a higher concentration of TNF-α was predictive of higher CA-DNA and CA-RNA. Other clinical characteristics like US-VL, time to suppression, or percent CD4+ T-lymphocytes were not predictive of the CA-RNA in this cross-sectional study.ConclusionsLow CA-DNA after long-term suppressive ART is associated with lower CA-RNA, in concordance with other reports. Patients with low CA-RNA levels in combination with low CA-DNA and low Western Blot scores should be further investigated to characterize candidates for treatment interruption trials. Unspliced CA-RNA warrants further investigation as a marker that can be prioritized in paediatric clinical trials where the sample volume can be a significant limitation.

Published
2024
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24. Global research priorities on COVID-19 for maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health

Author

ASM, Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, Maamri, Abdellatif, Falade, Adegoke G, Ayede, Adejumoke Idowu, Bhutta, Adnan, Gambhir, Ajay, Tagarro, Alfredo, Abdelmegeid, Ali, Ahmadi, Ali Reza, Barros, Aluísio JD, Mekasha, Amha, Srinivasaiyer, Anantha Kumar, da Silva, André Ricardo Araujo, Schultz, Andreas, Fatima, Batool, Dhar, Bishnupada, Magowan, Brian, Wills, Bridget, Raynes-Greenow, Camille, Homer, Caroline, Maclennan, Carolyn, Ward, Catherine, Garcia, Daniel Martinez, Ross, David, Murdoch, David, Wilson, Deborah Joy, Adejuyigbe, Ebun, Stasii, Ecaterina, Scudder, Elaine, Sacks, Emma, McCollum, Eric D, Althabe, Fernando, Russell, Fiona, Kumar, GS, Sommerfelt, Halvor, Graham, Hamish, Blencowe, Hannah, Tappis, Hannah, Saloojee, Haroon, Masaud, Hesham Abdussalam Ben, Tiwary, Hiresh, Asiodu, Ifeyinwa, Newton, James B, Bourdaire, Jessica, Adze, Joel Amwe, Martines, Jose, Lozano, Juan M, Walson, Judd, Rankin, Judith, Allegaert, Karel, Pellé, Karell G, Edmond, Karen, Rabiei, Katayoun, Rasmussen, Kathleen M, Yunis, Khalid, Ferguson, Laura, Greenslade, Leith, Kiapi, Lilian, Noguchi, Lisa, Bont, Louis, Day, Louise T, Mofenson, Lynne, Aboumayaleh, Maher, Aquzouz, Majda, Wahba, Mamdouh, Nagai, Mari, Knight, Marian, Melkumova, Marina, Jenyfa, Mariyam, Neuman, Mark I, Meremikwu, Martin, Kinney, Mary, Gravett, Michael, Hawkes, Michael T, Pacqué, Michel, Walsh, Michele, McGuire, Michelle K, AlShawafi, Nagiba AAbdulghani, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Thacker, Naveen, Rollins, Nigel, Kissoon, Niranjan, Starets, Olena, Picone, Olivier, Oladapo, Olufemi T, Erdeve, Omer, Smith, P Brian, Van de Perre, Philippe, Kumar, Praveen, Mangtani, Punam, Abbas, Qalab, Khatoon, Rabeya, Bahl, Rajiv, Lodha, Rakesh, Grais, Rebecca, Richards-Kortum, Rebecca, Rasaily, Reeta, Aryeetey, Richmond, Pattinson, Robert, and Petrucci, Roberta

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Pediatric, Prevention, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adolescent Health, COVID-19, Child, Child Health, Female, Global Health, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pandemics, Research, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Research Prioritization Group on MNCAH, Public Health and Health Services, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundThis research prioritization aimed to identify major research gaps in maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (MNCAH) to help mitigate the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe adapted the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology. We defined scope, domains, themes and scoring criteria. We approached diverse global experts via email to submit their research ideas in MNCAH and MNCAH-related cross-cutting/health systems area. We curated the research ideas as research questions (RQs) and sent them to the consenting experts for scoring via the online link. For each RQ, the research priority score (RPS) was calculated as an average of individual criterion scores and ranked based on RPS in each area.ResultsWe identified top-ranked 10 RQs in each maternal, newborn, and child and adolescent health and 5 in the cross-cutting/health systems area. In maternal health, indirect effects on care, measures to improve care, health risks and outcomes, and preventing and managing SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 disease were priority RQs. In newborn health, clinical characterization and managing SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 disease, mode of transmission and interventions to prevent transmission were the focus. For child and adolescent health, top-ranked RQs were indirect effects on care, clinical status and outcomes, interventions to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 disease, and educational institute-related RQs. The cross-cutting RQs were the effects of the pandemic on availability, access, care-seeking and utilization of MNCAH services and potential solutions.ConclusionsWe call on partners, including governments, non-governmental organizations, research institutes, and donors, to address this urgent research agenda.

Published
2021

27. Executive summary. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection. Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS)

Author

Francisco López-Medrano, Santiago Alfayate, Jordi Carratalà, Judith Chamorro-Camazón, Elisa Cordero, Marta Cruz-Cañete, María Fernández-Prada, Manuel García-Cenoz, María Ángeles Marcos, Santiago Melón, Nemesio Moreno-Millán, María Ángeles Onieva-García, Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu, Jaime Jesús Pérez-Martín, Juan Rodríguez-García, Germán Schwarz-Chavarri, Alfredo Tagarro-García, Diego van Esso-Arbolave, Diego Viasus, and Tomàs Pumarola

Subjects
Gripe, Manifestaciones clínicas, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Prevención, Vacuna, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people’s lives at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population. Resumen: El virus de la gripe ha acompañado al ser humano desde tiempo inmemorial, en forma de epidemias anuales y pandemias ocasionales. Se trata de una infección respiratoria con múltiples repercusiones sobre la vida de las personas a nivel individual y social, así como una importante sobrecarga para el sistema sanitario. El presente documento de consenso surge de la colaboración de diversas sociedades científicas españolas implicadas en la atención de la infección por virus de la gripe. Las conclusiones extraídas se han fundamentado en las evidencias de mayor calidad disponibles en la literatura científica y, en su defecto, en la opinión de los expertos convocados. En el documento de consenso se abordan los aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos, terapéuticos y preventivos (respecto de la prevención de la transmisión y en relación con la vacunación) de la gripe, tanto para población pediátrica como para adultos. Este documento de consenso pretende ayudar a facilitar el abordaje clínico, microbiológico y preventivo de la infección por virus de la gripe y, consecuentemente, a disminuir sus importantes consecuencias sobre la morbimortalidad de la población.

Published
2023
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28. Dual latent tuberculosis screening with tuberculin skin tests and QuantiFERON-TB assays before TNF-α inhibitor initiation in children in Spain

Author

Calzada-Hernández, Joan, Anton, Jordi, Martín de Carpi, Javier, López-Montesinos, Berta, Calvo, Inmaculada, Donat, Ester, Núñez, Esmeralda, Blasco Alonso, Javier, Mellado, María José, Baquero-Artigao, Fernando, Leis, Rosaura, Vegas-Álvarez, Ana María, Medrano San Ildefonso, Marta, Pinedo-Gago, María del Carmen, Eizaguirre, Francisco Javier, Tagarro, Alfredo, Camacho-Lovillo, Marisol, Pérez-Gorricho, Beatriz, Gavilán-Martín, César, Guillén, Sara, Sevilla-Pérez, Belén, Peña-Quintana, Luis, Mesa-Del-Castillo, Pablo, Fortuny, Clàudia, Tebruegge, Marc, and Noguera-Julian, Antoni

Published
2023
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29. Treatments for multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children — discharge, fever, and second-line therapies

Author

Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Mesa, Juan Miguel, Epalza, Cristina, Grasa, Carlos, Iglesias-Bouzas, María Isabel, Fernández-Cooke, Elisa, Calvo, Cristina, Villaverde, Serena, Torres-Fernández, David, Méndez-Echevarria, Ana, Leoz, Inés, Fernández-Pascual, María, Saavedra-Lozano, Jesús, Soto, Beatriz, Aguilera-Alonso, David, Rivière, Jacques G., Fumadó, Victoria, Martínez-Campos, Leticia, Vivanco, Ana, Pilar-Orive, Francisco Javier, Alcalá, Pedro, Ruiz, Beatriz, López-Machín, Ana, Oltra, Manuel, and Moraleda, Cinta

Published
2023
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30. Executive summary – Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection – Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS)

Author

López-Medrano, Francisco, Alfayate, Santiago, Carratalà, Jordi, Chamorro-Camazón, Judith, Cordero, Elisa, Cruz-Cañete, Marta, Fernández-Prada, María, García-Cenoz, Manuel, Marcos, M Ángeles, Melón, Santiago, Moreno-Millán, Nemesio, Onieva-García, María Ángeles, de Lejarazu, Raúl Ortiz, Pérez-Martín, Jaime Jesús, Rodríguez-García, Juan, Schwarz-Chavarri, Germán, Tagarro-García, Alfredo, van Esso-Arbolave, Diego, Viasus, Diego, and Pumarola, Tomàs

Published
2023
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31. Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study

Author

Chouli, Mohamed, Hamadouche, Nacera, Ladj, Mohamed Samir, Agrimbau Vázquez, Jorge, Carmona, Rodrigo, Collia, Adrian Gustavo, Ellis, Alejandro, Natta, Diego, Pérez, Laura, Rubiños, Mayra, Veliz, Natalia, Yori, Silvana, Britton, Philip N., Burgner, David P., Carey, Emma, Crawford, Nigel W., Giuliano, Hayley, McMinn, Alissa, Wong, Shirley, Wood, Nicholas, Holter, Wolfgang, Krainz, Matthias, Ulreich, Raphael, Zurl, Christoph, Dehoorne, Joke, Haerynck, Filomeen, Hoste, Levi, Schelstraete, Petra, Vandekerckhove, Kristof, Willems, Jef, Almeida Farias, Camila Giuliana, Almeida, Flávia Jacqueline, Alves Leal, Izabel, Araujo da Silva, André Ricardo, Araujo e Silva, Anna Esther, Barreiro, Sabrina T.A., Bomfim Prado da Silva, Daniella Gregória, Cervi, Maria Celia, dos Santos Naja Cardoso, Mirian Viviane, Henriques Teixeira, Cristiane, Jarovsky, Daniel, Martins Araujo, Julienne, Naaman Berezin, Eitan, Palazzi Sáfadi, Marco Aurélio, Paternina-de la Ossa, Rolando Andres, Souza Vieira, Cristina, Dimitrova, Anna, Ganeva, Margarita, Stefanov, Stefan, Telcharova-Mihaylovska, Albena, Biggs, Catherine M., Lopez, Alison, Scuccimarri, Rosie, Tan, Ryan, Wasserman, Sam, Withington, Davinia, Ampuero, Camila, Aravena, Javiera, Bustos B, Raul, Casanova, Daniel, Cruces, Pablo, Diaz, Franco, García-Salum, Tamara, Godoy, Loreto, Medina, Rafael A., Valenzuela Galaz, Gonzalo, Camacho-Moreno, Germán, Avila-Aguero, María L., Brenes-Chacón, Helena, Camacho-Badilla, Kattia, Ivankovich-Escoto, Gabriela, Naranjo-Zuniga, Gabriela, Soriano-Fallas, Alejandra, Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando, Yock-Corrales, Adriana, Amer, Maysa Abbas, Abdelmeguid, Yasmine, Ahmed, Yomna H.H.Z., Badib, Adham, Badreldin, Karim, Elkhashab, Yara, Heshmat, Hassan, Hussein, Amna, Mohamed Hussein, Amna Hussein, Ibrahim, Sandra, Shoman, Walaa, Yakout, Radwa M, Heinonen, Santtu, Angoulvant, François, Belot, Alexandre, Ouldali, Naïm, Beske, Florian, Heep, Axel, Masjosthusmann, Katja, Reiter, Karl, van den Heuvel, Ingeborg, von Both, Ulrich, Agrafiotou, Aikaterini, Antachopoulos, Charalampos, Charisi, Konstantina, Eleftheriou, Irini, Farmaki, Evangelia, Fotis, Lampros, Kafetzis, Dimitrios, Koletsi, Patra, Kourtesi, Katerina, Lampidi, Stavroula, Liakopoulou, Theodota, Maritsi, Despoina, Michailidou, Elisa, Milioudi, Maria, Mparmpounaki, Ioanna, Papadimitriou, Eleni, Papaevangelou, Vassiliki, Roilides, Emmanuel, Tsiatsiou, Olga, Tsolas, Georgios, Tsolia, Maria, Vantsi, Petrina, Banegas Pineda, Linda Yajeira, Borjas Aguilar, Karla Leversia, Cantillano Quintero, Edwin Mauricio, Ip, Patrick, Kwan, Mike Yat Wah, Kwok, Janette, Lau, Yu Lung, To, Kelvin, Wong, Joshua Sung Chih, David, Mate, Farkas, David, Kalcakosz, Szofia, Szekeres, Klaudia, Zsigmond, Borbala, Aslam, Nadeem, Luder, Anthony, Andreozzi, Laura, Bianco, Francesco, Bucciarelli, Valentina, Buonsenso, Danilo, Cimaz, Rolando, De Luca, Maia, Dellepiane, Rosa Maria, Fabi, Marianna, Filice, Emanuele, Lanari, Marcello, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Mastrolia, Maria Vincenza, Mauro, Angela, Mazza, Angelo, Papa, Mario Virgilio, Romani, Lorenza, Scarano, Sara Maria, Simonini, Gabriele, Tipo, Vincenzo, Verdoni, Lucio, Macharia, Anne-Marie, Musiime, Grace, Reel, Bhupi, Wangai, Frederick, Pace, David, Torpiano, Paul, Anaya-Enriquez, Nancy, Carreon-Guerrero, Juan Manuel, Chacon-Cruz, Enrique, Cheung López, Mariana, Faugier Fuentes, Enrique, Fonseca Flores, Marisol, García-Domínguez, Miguel, Giron Vargas, Ana Luisa, Lopez-Delgado, Ivan, Lopez Hernández, Liliana, Menchaca Aguayo, Hector F., Montaño-Duron, Jesus Gilberto, Pérez-Gaxiola, Giordano, Ramos Tiñini, Pamela, Tostado-Morales, Edgardo, Valadez, Julio, Inchley, Christopher, Klevberg, Sjur, Knudsen, Per Kristian, Måseide, Per Helge, Carrera, Jose Manuel, Castaño, Elizabeth, Daza Timana, Carlos Alberto, De Leon, Tirza, Estripeaut, Dora, Levy, Jacqueline, Norero, Ximena, Record, Javier, Rojas-Bonilla, Magda, Wong, Mayra, Iramain, Ricardo, Hernandez, Roger, Huamán, Gian, Munaico, Manuel, Peralta, Carlos, Seminario, Diego, Zapata Yarlequé, Elmer Hans, Gadzinska, Justyna, Ludwikowska, Kamila, Mandziuk, Joanna, Okarska-Napierała, Magdalena, Alacheva, Zalina A., Alexeeva, Ekaterina, Ananin, Petr V., Antsupova, Margarita, Bakradze, Maya D., Berbenyuk, Anna, Bobkova, Polina, Borzakova, Svetlana, Chashchina, Irina L., El-Taravi, Yasmin, Fisenko, Andrey P., Gautier, Marina S., Glazyrina, Anastasia, Gorlenko, Cyrill, Grosheva, Mariia, Kiselev, Herman, Kondrikova, Elena, Korobyants, Evgeniya, Korsunskiy, Anatoliy A., Kovygina, Karina, Krasnaya, Ekaterina, Kurbanova, Seda, Kurdup, Maria K., Mamutova, Anna V., Mazankova, Lyudmila, Mitushin, Ilya L., Munblit, Daniel, Nargizyan, Anzhelika, Orlova, Yanina O., Osmanov, Ismail M., Polyakova, Anastasia S., Pushkareva, Anna, Romanova, Olga, Samitova, Elmira, Shvedova, Anastasia, Sologub, Anna, Iakovleva, Ekaterina, Tepaev, Rustem F., Tkacheva, Anna A., Yegiyan, Margarita, Yusupova, Valeriya, Zholobova, Elena, Grasa, Carlos Daniel, Epalza, Cristina, Lopez Segura, Nuria, Martinon-Torres, Federico, Melendo, Susana, Mendez-Echevarria, Ana, Mesa Guzmán, Juan Miguel, Palacios Argueta, Jorge Roberto, Rivero-Calle, Irene, Rivière, Jacques, Rodríguez-González, Moisés, Rojo, Pablo, Sanchez Manubens, Judith, Soler-Palacin, Pere, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Tagarro, Alfredo, Villaverde, Serena, Altman, Maria, Brodin, Petter, Horne, AnnaCarin, Palmblad, Karin, Brotschi, Barbara, Meyer Sauteur, Patrick, Pachlopnik Schmid, Jana, Prader, Seraina, Relly, Christa, Schlapbach, Luregn J., Seiler, Michelle, Strasser, Sophie, Trück, Johannes, Weber, Kathrin, Wütz, Daniela, Hamdan, Alaa, Melhem, Ibrahim, Moussa, Ahmed, Dunk, Joke, Ketharanathan, Naomi, Vermont, Clementien, Akyüz Özkan, Esra, Cetin, Benhur Sirvan, Erdeniz, Emine Hafize, Şahin, Irfan Oğuz, Borisova, Galina, Boyarchuk, Oksana, Boychenko, Lidiya, Boyko, Yaryna, Diudenko, Nadiia, Dyvonyak, Olha, Kasiyan, Olexandr, Katerynych, Kostiantyn, Kostyuchenko, Larysa, Mamenko, Marina, Melnyk, Kateryna, Miagka, Nelia, Nazarenko, Liliya, Nezgoda, Iryna, Rykova, Stanislava, Svyst, Olga, Teslenko, Maria, Trykosh, Mykola, Vasilenko, Nataliya, Volokha, Alla, Adams, Charlotte, Akomolafe, Toju, Al-Abadi, Eslam, Alders, Nele, Alifieraki, Styliani, Ansumanu, Hareef, Aston, Emily, Avram, Paula, Bamford, Alasdair, Banks, Millie, Basu Roy, Robin, Beattie, Thomas, Boleti, Olga, Bracken, Abbey, Broad, Jonathan, Cai, James, Carrol, Enitan D., Carter, Michael, Chandran, Anchit, Charlesworth, James, Chawla, Jaya, Cooper, Hannah, Cooray, Samantha, Davies, Patrick, Davis, Francesca, Drysdale, Simon B., Dzora, Ella, Emonts, Marieke, Evans, Ceri, Fidler, Katy, Foster, Caroline, Gong, Chen, Gongrun, Berin, Gonzalez, Carmen, Gorgun, Berin, Grandjean, Louis, Grant, Karlie, Guo, Jonathan, Hacohen, Yael, Hall, Jack, Hamid, Hytham K.S., Hassell, Jane, Hesketh, Christine, Hewlett, Jessica, Hnieno, Ahmad, Holt-Davis, Hannah, Hossain, Aleena, Hu, Shiying, Hudson, Lee D., Jheeta, Sharon, Johnson, Mae, Johnson, Sarah, Jyothish, Deepthi, Kampmann, Beate, Kavirayani, Akhila, Kelly, Deborah, Kirubakaran, Arangan, Kucera, Filip, Langer, Daniel, Lawson, George, Lees, Emily A, Lenihan, Rebecca, Lillie, Jon, Longbottom, Katherine, Lyall, Hermione, Mackdermott, Niamh, Maltby, Sarah, Mclelland, Thomas, McMahon, Anne-Marie, Miller, Danielle, Miranda, Mariana, Mirza, Luwaiza, Morrison, Zoe, Moshal, Karyn, Muller, Jennifer, Musuka, Phoebe, Myttaraki, Evangelia, Nadel, Simon, Nair, Sreedevi, Nuttall, Luke, Oremakinde, Oyinkansola, Osaghae, Daniella, Osman, Fatima, Ostrzewska, Anna, Paccagnella, Davide, Panthula, Mrinalini, Papachatzi, Eleni, Papadopoulou, Charalampia, Patel, Fahim, Patel, Harsita, Payne, Helen, Penner, Justin, Polandi, Shervin, Prendergast, Andrew J., Ramnarayan, Padmanabhan, Ranasinghe, Lasith, Ravichandran, Muthukumaran, Rhys-Evans, Sophie, Riordan, Andrew, Rodrigues, Charlene M.C., Roe, Lauren, Romaine, Sam, Schobi, Nina, Seddon, James, Shingadia, Delane, Sikdar, Oishi, Srivastava, Anand, Struik, Siske, Sun, Thomas, Tan, Rachel Wei, Taylor, Alice, Taylor, Amanda, Taylor, Andrew, Tran, Steven, Tsagkaris, Stavros, Tudor-Williams, Gareth, van den Berg, Sarah, van der Velden, Fabian, Ventilacion, Lyn, Wellman, Paul A., Withers Green, Joseph, Yanney, Michael P., Yeung, Shunmay, Badheka, Aditya, Badran, Sarah, Bailey, Dwight M., Burch, Anna Kathryn, Burns, Jane C., Cichon, Catherine, Cirks, Blake, Dallman, Michael D., Delany, Dennis R., Fairchok, Mary, Friedman, Samantha, Geracht, Jennifer, Langs-Barlow, Allison, Mann, Kelly, Padhye, Amruta, Quade, Alexis, Ramirez, Kacy Alyne, Rockett, John, Sayed, Imran Ali, Santos, Roberto P., Shahin, Amr A., Tremoulet, Adriana, Umaru, Samuel, Widener, Rebecca, Mujuru, Hilda Angela, Kandawasvika, Gwendoline, Channon-Wells, Samuel, Vito, Ortensia, McArdle, Andrew J, Seaby, Eleanor G, Shah, Priyen, Pazukhina, Ekaterina, Wilson, Clare, Broderick, Claire, D'Souza, Giselle, Keren, Ilana, Nijman, Ruud G, Carter, Michael J, De, Tisham, Hoggart, Clive, Whittaker, Elizabeth, Herberg, Jethro A, Kaforou, Myrsini, Cunnington, Aubrey J, Blyuss, Oleg, and Levin, Michael

Published
2023
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32. Resumen ejecutivo – Diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis de la infección por virus de la Gripe – Documento de Consenso de la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), la Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP), la Asociación Española de Vacunología (AEV), la Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria (SEMFYC) y la Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Gestión Sanitaria (SEMPSPGS)

Author

López-Medrano, Francisco, Alfayate, Santiago, Carratalà, Jordi, Chamorro-Camazón, Judith, Cordero, Elisa, Cruz-Cañete, Marta, Fernández-Prada, María, García-Cenoz, Manuel, Marcos, María Ángeles, Melón, Santiago, Moreno-Millán, Nemesio, Onieva-García, María Ángeles, Ortiz de Lejarazu, Raúl, Pérez-Martín, Jaime Jesús, Rodríguez-García, Juan, Schwarz-Chavarri, Germán, Tagarro-García, Alfredo, van Esso-Arbolave, Diego, Viasus, Diego, and Pumarola, Tomàs

Published
2023
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34. The Value of the Second QuantiFERON-TB Gold-Plus Antigen Tube at Diagnosis and at Treatment Completion in Spanish Children With Tuberculosis

Author

Soler-Garcia, Aleix, Gamell, Anna, Monsonís, Manuel, Korta-Murua, José Javier, Espiau, María, Rincón-López, Elena, Rodríguez-Molino, Paula, Pérez-Porcuna, Tomàs, Bustillo-Alonso, Matilde, Santiago, Begoña, Tebruegge, Marc, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, AZURMENDI-GUNDÍN, Nerea, FORTUNY, Clàudia, COLINO, Elena, GÓMEZ-PASTRANA, David, MONTERO, María, PEROMINGO, Estrella, LAFUENTE-HIDALGO, Miguel, MOLINER, Elisenda, VALMANYA, Teresa, MINGUELL-DOMINGO, Laura, FENOY, Marina, VELÁZQUEZ, Marta, SOLER-CAMPINS, Maria Queralt, GARCIA, Lourdes, LAHOZ, Rebeca, CALAVIA, Olga, PASCUAL, María Teresa, RIUS, Neus, TÓRTOLA, Teresa, SORIANO-ARANDES, Antoni, MARTÍN-NALDA, Andrea, SOLER-PALACÍN, Pere, LILLO, Miguel, DAPENA, Marta, LÓPEZ-MEDINA, Eva María, PIQUERAS, Ana Isabel, RUIZ-JIMÉNEZ, Marta, SOTO-SÁNCHEZ, Beatriz, HERNÁNDEZ, Ángel, RUIZ-SERRANO, María Jesús, COBO-VÁZQUEZ, Elvira, SANTOS, María del Mar, HERNÁNDEZ-SAMPELAYO, Teresa, TAGARRO, Alfredo, MÉNDEZ-ECHEVARRÍA, Ana, MELLADO, María José, BAQUERO-ARTIGAO, Fernando, CALVO, Cristina, SAINZ, Talía, ÁLVAREZ, Javier, GARCÍA ASCASO, Marta Taida, VILLALOBOS, Enrique, PÉREZ-GORRICHO, Beatriz, GARCÍA-GARCÍA, María Luz, GARROTE-LLANOS, Maria Isabel, REMENTERÍA, Joseba, SÁNCHEZ-TORRENT, Laia, GARCÍA-HORTELANO, Milagros, and LOBATO, Zulema

Published
2023
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36. Position statement of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Rheumatology on infection screening, prophylaxis, and vaccination of pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressive therapies: Part 1 (screening)

Author

Cuadros, Esmeralda Núñez, Calzada-Hernández, Joan, Clemente, Daniel, Martín, Sara Guillén, Silveira, Laura Fernández, Lirola-Cruz, María José, Tagarro, Alfredo, Lovillo, Marisol Camacho, Rueda, Rosa María Alcobendas, López, Agustín López, Aritziturri, Miren Satrustegi, and Calvo, Cristina

Published
2022
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37. Optimizing the World Health Organization algorithm for HIV vertical transmission risk assessment by adding maternal self-reported antiretroviral therapy adherence

Author

Sheila Fernández-Luis, Maria Grazia Lain, Miquel Serna-Pascual, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Louise Kuhn, Afaaf Liberty, Shaun Barnabas, Elisa Lopez-Varela, Kennedy Otwombe, Siva Danaviah, Eleni Nastouli, Paolo Palma, Nicola Cotugno, Moira Spyer, Viviana Giannuzzi, Carlo Giaquinto, Avy Violari, Mark F. Cotton, Tacilta Nhampossa, Nigel Klein, Nastassja Ramsagar, Anita Janse van Rensburg, Osee Behuhuma, Paula Vaz, Almoustapha Issiaka Maiga, Andrea Oletto, Denise Naniche, Paolo Rossi, Pablo Rojo, Alfredo Tagarro, and EPIICAL Consortium

Subjects
Vertical transmission, Mother-to-child transmission, HIV-exposed infants, Paediatric HIV, Prevention of mother-to-child transmission, Enhanced post-natal prophylaxis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) risk assessment algorithm for vertical transmission of HIV (VT) assumes the availability of maternal viral load (VL) result at delivery and early viral control 4 weeks after initiating antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, in many low-and-middle-income countries, VL is often unavailable and mothers’ ART adherence may be suboptimal. We evaluate the inclusion of the mothers’ self-reported adherence into the established WHO-algorithm to identify infants eligible for enhanced post-natal prophylaxis when mothers’ VL result is not available at delivery. Methods We used data from infants with perinatal HIV infection and their mothers enrolled from May-2018 to May-2020 in Mozambique, South Africa, and Mali. We retrospectively compared the performance of the WHO-algorithm with a modified algorithm which included mothers’ adherence as an additional factor. Infants were considered at high risk if born from mothers without a VL result in the 4 weeks before delivery and with adherence

Published
2022
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38. Empirical treatment against cytomegalovirus and tuberculosis in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia: study protocol for a multicenter, open-label randomized controlled clinical trial

Author

Pablo Rojo, Cinta Moraleda, Alfredo Tagarro, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Lola Madrid Castillo, Luis Manuel Prieto Tato, Aranzazu Sancho López, Lilit Manukyan, Olivier Marcy, Valeriane Leroy, Alessandra Nardone, David Burger, Quique Bassat, Matthew Bates, Raoul Moh, Pui-Ying Iroh Tam, Tisungane Mvalo, Justina Magallhaes, W. Chris Buck, Jahit Sacarlal, Victor Musiime, Chishala Chabala, and Hilda Angela Mujuru

Subjects
Cytomegalovirus, Tuberculosis, Valganciclovir, Factorial, Empirical, Pneumonia, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Pneumonia is the primary cause of death among HIV-infected children in Africa, with mortality rates as high as 35–40% in infants hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Bacterial pathogens and Pneumocystis jirovecii are well known causes of pneumonia-related death, but other important causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and tuberculosis (TB) remain under-recognized and undertreated. The immune response elicited by CMV may be associated with the risk of developing TB and TB disease progression, and CMV may accelerate disease caused both by HIV and TB. Minimally invasive autopsies confirm that CMV and TB are unrecognized causes of death in children with HIV. CMV and TB may also co-infect the same child. The aim of this study is to compare the impact on 15-day and 1-year mortality of empirical treatment against TB and CMV plus standard of care (SoC) versus SoC in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia. Methods This is a Phase II-III, open-label randomized factorial (2 × 2) clinical trial, conducted in six African countries. The trial has four arms. Infants from 28 to 365 days of age HIV-infected and hospitalized with severe pneumonia will be randomized (1:1:1:1) to (i) SoC, (ii) valganciclovir, (iii) TB-T, and (iv) TB-T plus valganciclovir. The primary endpoint of the study is all-cause mortality, focusing on the short-term (up to 15 days) and long-term (up to 1 year) mortality. Secondary endpoints include repeat hospitalization, duration of oxygen therapy during initial admission, severe and notable adverse events, adverse reactions, CMV and TB prevalence at enrolment, TB incidence, CMV viral load reduction, and evaluation of diagnostic tests such as GeneXpert Ultra on fecal and nasopharyngeal aspirate samples and urine TB-LAM. Discussion Given the challenges in diagnosing CMV and TB in children and results from previous autopsy studies that show high rates of poly-infection in HIV-infected infants with respiratory disease, this study aims to evaluate a new approach including empirical treatment of CMV and TB for this patient population. The potential downsides of empirical treatment of these conditions include toxicity and medication interactions, which will be evaluated with pharmacokinetics sub-studies. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03915366, Universal Trial Number U111-1231-4736, Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201994797961340.

Published
2022
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40. Current Knowledge on CRISPR Strategies Against Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria.

Author

de la Fuente Tagarro, Carlos, Martín-González, Diego, De Lucas, Andrea, Bordel, Sergio, and Santos-Beneit, Fernando

Subjects
DRUG resistance in bacteria, BACTERIAL chromosomes, GENETIC regulation, METABOLIC regulation, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, GENE clusters
Abstract

CRISPR/Cas systems have emerged as valuable tools to approach the problem of antimicrobial resistance by either sensitizing or lysing resistant bacteria or by aiding in antibiotic development, with successful applications across diverse organisms, including bacteria and fungi. CRISPR/Cas systems can target plasmids or the bacterial chromosome of AMR-bacteria, and it is especially necessary to have an efficient entry into the target cells, which can be achieved through nanoparticles or bacteriophages. Regarding antibiotic development and production, though the use of CRISPR/Cas in this field is still modest, there is an untapped reservoir of bacterial and fungal natural products, with over 95% yet to be characterized. In Streptomyces, a key antibiotic-producing bacterial genus, CRISPR/Cas has been successfully used to activate silent biosynthetic gene clusters, leading to the discovery of new antibiotics. CRISPR/Cas is also applicable to non-model bacteria and different species of fungi, making it a versatile tool for natural products discovery. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas-based studies offer insights into metabolic regulation and biosynthetic pathways in both bacteria and fungi, highlighting its utility in understanding genetic regulation and improving industrial strains. In this work, we review ongoing innovations on ways to treat antimicrobial resistances and on antibiotic discovery using CRISPR/Cas platforms, highlighting the role of bacteria and fungi in these processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Persistent Symptoms (Lasting Longer than 1 Year) in Children Hospitalized with Acute COVID-19 Versus Other Conditions.

Author

Conde, Marta, Gastesi, Irati, de Pablo, Lucía, Villanueva-Medina, Sara, Aguilera-Alonso, David, Esteban, Ana, Epalza, Cristina, López, María, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Gómez, Pablo, Ballesteros, Álvaro, Pinto, Carlota, Navarro, Marisa, Giaquinto, Carlo, Moraleda, Cinta, and Tagarro, Alfredo

Subjects
T-test (Statistics), RESEARCH funding, POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome, HOSPITAL care, SCIENTIFIC observation, QUESTIONNAIRES, FISHER exact test, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, LOGISTIC regression analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, MULTIVARIATE analysis, INTERPERSONAL relations, COVID-19, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Background: We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of persistent signs and/or symptoms in children and young people (CYP) one year after hospitalization for acute COVID-19 compared with a control group of CYP hospitalized for other conditions. Methods: We conducted an observational study in three hospitals in Madrid, which included a group of children aged between 1 month and 18 years who were hospitalized due to acute COVID-19 from March 2020 to December 2021. We also selected a comparison group of patients hospitalized for other, unrelated conditions within the same month. Eligible participants had no history of COVID-19 at recruitment or during follow-up. Data were collected from clinical records and a standardized questionnaire completed by the patients' families. The primary outcome was the presence of persistent symptoms one year after hospitalization. Results: A total of 96 patients were enrolled and analyzed (50 acute COVID-19 patients and 46 non-COVID-19 participants). Of these, 34/96 (35%) met the criteria for persistent symptoms (CYP: 17/50 (34%) COVID-19 participants and 17/46 (37%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.767)). Symptoms persisted ≥12 months in 14/50 (28%) COVID-19 participants and in 7/46 (15%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.140). Both before and after admission, all of the participants provided similar ratings for all of the specific items related to emotional welfare, social relationships, and current activities. Readmissions occurred in 11/50 (22%) COVID-19 participants and in 6/46 (13%) non-COVID-19 participants (p = 0.267). Conclusions: We identified a non-significant difference in the prevalence of persistent symptoms 1 year after hospitalization between children and young people (CYP) with acute COVID-19 and those hospitalized for non-COVID-19-related conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Clinical spectrum of COVID-19 and risk factors associated with severity in Spanish children

Author

Tagarro, Alfredo, Cobos-Carrascosa, Elena, Villaverde, Serena, Sanz-Santaeufemia, Francisco-Javier, Grasa, Carlos, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Hernanz, Alicia, Navarro, María Luisa, Pino, Rosa, Epalza, Cristina, Batista, Rosa, Rizo, Jana, Iglesias-Bouzas, María-Isabel, Rodríguez-Molino, Paula, Villanueva-Medina, Sara, Carrasco-Colom, Jaime, Alonso-Cadenas, José-Antonio, Mellado, María-José, Herrero, Blanca, Melendo, Susana, De La Torre, Mercedes, Calleja, Lourdes, Calvo, Cristina, Urretavizcaya-Martínez, María, Astigarraga, Itziar, Menasalvas, Ana, Penin, María, Neth, Olaf, Berzosa, Arantxa, De Ceano-Vivas, María, Vidal, Paula, Romero, Isabel, González, Raúl, García, María Luz, Mesa, Juan-Miguel, Ballesteros, Álvaro, Bernardino, María, and Moraleda, Cinta

Published
2022
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43. Dynamics of Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serologic Test Results in Children with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Author

Tagarro, Alfredo, Sanz-Santaeufemia, Francisco José, Grasa, Carlos, Cobos, Elena, Yebra, Julia, Alonso-Cadenas, Jose Antonio, Baquero-Artigao, Fernando, Mesa-Guzmán, Juan Miguel, Pérez-Seoane, Beatriz, Calvo, Cristina, Herreros, María Luisa, Epalza, Cristina, Melendo, Susana, Dominguez-Rodriguez, Sara, Vidal, Paula, Pacheco, Mónica, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Bernardino, María, Villanueva-Medina, Sara, Rodríguez-Molino, Paula, Miragaya Castro, Sandra, Rivière, Jacques, Garcés, Rosa, Santiago, Begoña, Fumadó, Victoria, Urretavizcaya-Martínez, María, García-García, María Luz, Penín, María, Cava, Fernando, Sáez, Elena, Iglesias-Bouzas, María Isabel, Herrero, Blanca, Reinoso, Teresa de Jesús, and Moraleda, Cinta

Published
2022
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45. Treatment patterns and intensification within 5 year of follow-up of the first-line anti-TNFα used for the treatment of IBD: Results from the VERNE study

Author

Bastida, G., Marín-Jiménez, I., Forés, A., García-Planella, E., Argüelles-Arias, F., Tagarro, I., Fernandez-Nistal, A., Montoto, C., Aparicio, J., Aguas, M., Santos-Fernández, J., Boscá-Watts, M.M., Ferreiro-Iglesias, R., Merino, O., Aldeguer, X., Cortés, X., Sicilia, B., Mesonero, F., and Barreiro-de Acosta, M.

Published
2022
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46. Sustained aviraemia despite anti-retroviral therapy non-adherence in male children following in utero hiv transmission

Author

Bengu, Nomonde, primary, Cromhout, Gabriela, additional, Adland, Emily, additional, Govender, Katya, additional, Herbert, Nicholas, additional, Lim, Nicholas, additional, Fillis, Rowena, additional, Sprenger, Kenneth, additional, Vieira, Vinicius, additional, Kannie, Samantha, additional, van Lobenstein, Jeroen, additional, Chinniah, Kogielambal, additional, Kapongo, Constant, additional, Bhoola, Roopesh, additional, Krishna, Malini, additional, Mchunu, Noxolo, additional, Pascucci, Giuseppe Rubens, additional, Cotugno, Nicola, additional, Palma, Paolo, additional, Tagarro, Alfredo, additional, Rojo, Pablo, additional, Roider, Julia, additional, Garcia-Guerrero, Maria C., additional, Ochsenbauer, Christina, additional, Groll, Andreas, additional, Reddy, Kavidha, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, Rossi, Paolo, additional, Hong, Seohyun, additional, Dong, Krista, additional, Ansari, M. Azim, additional, Puertas, Maria C., additional, Ndung’u, Thumbi, additional, Capparelli, Edmund, additional, Lichterfeld, Mathias, additional, Martinez-Picado, Javier, additional, Kappes, John C., additional, Archary, Moherndran, additional, and Goulder, Philip, additional

Published
2024
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47. The role of the T-cell mediated immune response to Cytomegalovirus infection in intrauterine transmission.

Author

María Soriano-Ramos, Estrella Esquivel-De la Fuente, Eliseo Albert Vicent, María de la Calle, Fernando Baquero-Artigao, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, María Cabanes, Enery Gómez-Montes, Anna Goncé, Marta Valdés-Bango, Mª Carmen Viñuela-Benéitez, Mar Muñoz-Chápuli Gutiérrez, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Irene Cuadrado Pérez, Begoña Encinas, Laura Castells Vilella, María de la Serna Martínez, Alfredo Tagarro, Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Estela Giménez Quiles, Diana García Alcázar, Antonio García Burguillo, María Dolores Folgueira, David Navarro, Daniel Blázquez-Gamero, and CYTRIC Study Group

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

IntroductionPrognostic markers for fetal transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy are poorly understood. Maternal CMV-specific T-cell responses may help prevent fetal transmission and thus, we set out to assess whether this may be the case in pregnant women who develop a primary CMV infection.MethodsA multicenter prospective study was carried out at 8 hospitals in Spain, from January 2017 to April 2020. Blood samples were collected from pregnant women at the time the primary CMV infection was diagnosed to assess the T-cell response. Quantitative analysis of interferon producing specific CMV-CD8+/CD4+ cells was performed by intracellular cytokine flow cytometry.ResultsIn this study, 135 pregnant women with a suspected CMV infection were evaluated, 60 of whom had a primary CMV infection and samples available. Of these, 24 mothers transmitted the infection to the fetus and 36 did not. No association was found between the presence of specific CD4 or CD8 responses against CMV at the time maternal infection was diagnosed and the risk of fetal transmission. There was no transmission among women with an undetectable CMV viral load in blood at diagnosis.ConclusionsIn this cohort of pregnant women with a primary CMV infection, no association was found between the presence of a CMV T-cell response at the time of maternal infection and the risk of intrauterine transmission. A detectable CMV viral load in the maternal blood at diagnosis of the primary maternal infection may represent a relevant biomarker associated with fetal transmission.

Published
2023
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48. Simultaneous Determination of Metals in Cachaça: A Study on Comparison of Multivariate Methods and Quality Control

Author

Romário Junior Ferreira, Thalles Ramon Rosa, Alveriana Tagarro Tomaz, Josimar Ribeiro, and Rosângela Cristina Barthus

Subjects
Cachaça, Hanging mercury drop electrode, Metals, Multivariate calibration, Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, Science, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

This study aims to compare multivariate calibration methods developed from data obtained by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry using a hanging mercury drop electrode for simultaneous determination of metals in cachaça, the following metals were studied: copper, zinc and cadmium. Multivariate calibration, partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods were used in previous studies using other electrodes for this determination. In this new study, besides ANN and PLS, a hybrid model that combines PLS and NN, namely PLS-Neural was used. Also, samples of industrial cachaças were incorporated into the study in addition to artisanal samples. The quality of the methods was evaluated in terms of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). F test was used for comparing methods at confidence level of 95%. Based on these studies, it was found that although all methods show good results, the method employing neural networks stands out in the determination of copper in samples of cachaça. All methods proved to be fast and relatively low-cost, and they can be used for such analyses.

Published
2022
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49. Ventricular Repolarization Parameters and Coronary Involvement in Kawasaki Disease

Author

Fernandez-Cooke, Elisa, Calvo, Cristina, Sánchez-Manubens, Judith, Antón, Jordi, Santos, Javier Aracil, Cuadros, Esmeralda Nuñez, Navarro Gómez, Maria Luisa, Pérez, David Moreno, Cantero Pérez, María Martín, Cuadros Pérez, Esmeralda Nuñez, Gallego Pérez, Begoña Carazo, García, Fernando Sánchez, Lovillo, Marisol Camacho, Marqués, Renata, Laura, Olaf Neth, Silveira, Fernández, Forte, Miguel Sánchez, Montes, Ángeles Ortega, Martínez Campos, Leticia Isabel, Mancheño, Beatriz Bravo, Camacho, Margarita, Medina Claros, Antonio F., Salido, Carlos, Rico, María Torres, Saez, Beatriz Ruiz, de la Puebla Lechuga, Elena Fernadez, Cruz, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> José Lirola, Carrasco, Kety Maya, González, Moisés Rodríguez, Jover, Enrique Blanca, Fernández, José Uberos, Ibáñez Alcalde, María Mercedes, Hidalgo, Miguel Lafuente, Montañés, Lorenzo Jiménez, Alonso, Matilde Bustillo, Casas, Ariadna Ayerza, Zapico, Bárbara Montes, Méndez, Carlos Pérez, Aracama, Javier Fernández, Rodríguez, Lucía, Ibáñez Fernández, María Aleida, Campo, Sandra Navarro, Bori, Silvia Escribà, Mir Perelló, María Concepción, Sánchez, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> Ángeles de la Fuente, García, Patricia Aparicio, Briales, Carlos, Crespí, Joaquín Castilla, Colino Gil, María Elena, Cabrera, Nerea Delgado, Naranjo, Ana Bello, Páez, Jesús Poch, Yáñez, Moneyba García, García, Montse González, Viadero, Maite, Montero, Beatriz Jiménez, García, Olga Domínguez, Pinedo, Begoña Losada, Martín, Gema Iñigo, Escribano Gómez, Lucía María, Cepillo, Antonio, Lillo, Miguel Lillo, Buedo, María Isabel, Rey, Laura del, Rodríguez, Elena Urbaneja, Rodríguez, Sara Rellán, Cantero, Teresa, Izquierdo, Beatriz Plata, García-Cuenllas Álvarez, Luisa, Erroz, Ignacio Oulego, Santaolalla, Elena Pérez, Martín, Carlos Alcalde, Malfaz, Fernando Centeno, Gutiérrez, Elena Pérez, Casso, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> Soledad Jiménez, Prada, Fredy, Bou, Rosa, Iglesias, Estibaliz, Calzada, Joan, Garsaball, Olga Calavia, Rue, Marc Tobeña, García, Gemma Giralt, Lobato, Zulema, Gordillo, Neus Rius, Torres, Montserrat Pascual, Hernández, María Méndez, García, Lourdes, Villar, Sergio Flores, Ruiz, Silvia Yevenes, Domingo, Laura Minguell, Ballester, Anna, Miralles, Ana, Soler, Berta Pujol, Vidal, Anton Foguet, Castellví, Pere Sala, Aguiar, Angelita Serrano, Siurana Rodríguez, José Manuel, Iranzo, Anna Sangorrin, Pérez, Roser Álvarez, Cajas, Paula Ribes, Genaró i Jornet, Pere, Tejada, Ana Grande, Zarallo, Cristina, Martinón-Torres, Federico, Calle, Irene Rivero, Grande, Antonio Justicia, Sousa, María López, Vilas, Alejandro Souto, Abel, Bernardo López, de Miguel Esteban, Elisa, Méndez, Bibiana Riaño, Blázquez, Daniel, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Lozano, Carlos Grasa, Toral, Belén, De la Torre, Leticia Albert, de Inocencio, Jaime, Santos, Mar, Díaz-Delgado de la Peña, Rafael, Ramos, Paz Collado, Raga, Teresa, Latorre, Libertad, Guillén, Sara, Caballero, Ignacio Callejas, Prieto Tato, Luis Manuel, Guzmán Monagas, María Fernanda, López, Isabel Jiménez, Villagrá, Sandra, Arreo, Viviana, Pérez, Roi Piñeiro, Parte, María de la, Tamariz-Martes, Amalia, Romano, Marta Llorente, Hernández Rupérez, Maria Belén, Sombrero, Henar Rojo, Cerro, Estefanía García, Cano, Irene Maté, Alonso, Marta Villares, Osuna Marco, Marta Pilar, Veron, Julia Jensen, Reales, Cristina Zarallo, Rodríguez Mesa, María Dolores, Esteban, Santiago Rueda, Ramos Amador, José Tomás, Menchén, Cristina González, Jiménez Jiménez, Ana Belén, Galán, Pilar, Campos, Dolores Pérez, Bueno, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> Mercedes, Marcos, David Crespo, Otheo de Tejada Barásoain, Enrique, Sifuentes Giraldo, Walter Alberto, Gámir Gámir, María Luz, José Cilleruelo Ortega, María, López, Agustín López, Vaquerizo, Cristina Sánchez, Usano Carrasco, Ana Isabel, Gómez, Ester Moreno, Carvajal del Castillo, Olga, Del Pozo Menéndez, Beatriz, Navarro, Katie Badillo, Baquero, Fernando, Bronte, Lucía Deiros, Fraga, Pablo Fernández, Domínguez, Nieves, Rodríguez, Beatriz Mercader, García, Francisco Castro, Chamorro, Águeda Herrera, Rodríguez, Paula Alcañiz, García, Moisés Sorlí, Rex Nicolás, María Concepción, Romero, Elena Vera, Olorón, Patricia Martínez, Cilveti, Beatriz Rocandio, Berridi, Amaia, Santos-Díez Vázquez, Laura, Fernández, Olaia, Calvo, Inmaculada, Tudela, Belén Fernández, Benavent, Manuel Oltra, Archilés, Marta Dapena, Ferrer, Franciasco Sanchez, Gavilán, César, Fos, Ignacio Izquierdo, Serrano Robles, María Isabel, Sánchez, Yolanda Herranz, Pinto, Enrique Villalobos, Garulo, Daniel Clemente, Pie, Stella, Calvo, Manuel Marrero, Olmos García, José María, Barrios-Tascón, Ana, Miura, Masaru, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Fernández-Cooke, Elisa, Sarquella-Brugada, Georgia, and Tagarro, Alfredo

Published
2021
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