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Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers among Iranian men and women. Objectives: The aim here was to investigate different histopathologic types and features of this cancer in association with selected prognostic variables. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to reevaluate the pathologic samples of 100 cases of gastric cancer referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2017 to 2022. Results: We evaluated 100 cases of gastric cancer in this study. They had a mean age of 62.4 ± 13.44 years old (range 28 - 84 years) and were mostly men (n = 66,66 %). On histopathologic evaluation, tubular carcinoma was the most common type (n = 45,45%). We found a statistically significant correlation between the histologic type and perineural invasion (P-value = 0.024), lymphovascular invasion (P-value < 0.001), tumoral involvement of surgical margin (P-value = 0.012 ), infiltration depth of the primary tumor (pT) (P-value = 0.049), number of metastatic lymph nodes (pN) (P-value = < 0.001), tumor location in the antrum (P-value=0.033) and body (P-value = 0.013), and tumor size (P-value = 0.002 and P-value = 0.031 in small and large size groups respectively). Conclusions: According to the findings, histologic type of gastric cancer correlates with perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, tumoral involvement of the surgical margin, pT, pN, and tumor location and size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Evidence suggests that there is a link between bacterial infection and malignancy. There are few studies on the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), so this study aimed to investigate the possible presence of this bacterium in ESCC tissue samples. Materials and Methods: In this study, 34 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples were collected to evaluate the potential presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis. After extracting the DNA, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect the presence of the bacterium molecularly. Results: The age range of the study population was 26 to 90 years, with a mean age of 63 years. Most tissue samples come from stage I cancer (73.5%). Based on the molecular analysis, no P. gingivalis was detected in any biopsy specimens Conclusion: P. gingivalis infection and ESCC were not correlated based on the current in this study. Likely, the use of fresh samples, more accurate diagnostic methods, geographic differences, and larger sample sizes all contribute to the differences in results between related research, which can be clarified through large-scale studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Polyoma virus hominis 1, better known as BK virus (BKV) infection might be a predisposing factor for prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of BK virus infection in pathological specimens of patients with PCa compared to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and Methods: From July 2011 to June 2012, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients with PCa (60 specimens) and also with benign prostatic hyperplasia (60 specimens) were investigated. After DNA purification, existence of virus nucleic acid was assessed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Viral DNA was identified in 9 patients (15%) with BPH and 17 patients (28%) with PCa (P =.076). In patients with PCa, viral DNA was observed more often in those with lower total Gleason scores (P = .045). Conclusion: The frequency of BK virus infection in PCa patients was higher than BPH patients. BK virus was more often observed in patients with lower Gleason scores. Less detection of BK virus DNA in overt cancer may prove the activity of the virus which paves the way for tumorigenic transformation at early stages of PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: BK virus (BKV) has a worldwide seroprevalence in humans. Based on sequences of the major capsid proteins, i.e. viral protein 1 (VP1), there are four BKV genotypes. Each genotype has its own subtypes, and was shown to be circulating independently in the human population. The aim of this study was to determine BKV genotypes and subtypes among Iranian patients with prostatic cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and kidney transplantation. Materials and Methods: BKV DNA was extracted from prostatic cancers and benign prostatic hyperplasia blocks and also urine of kidney transplantation patients. BKV (VP1) gene was amplified partially (327nt) by homemade polymerase chain reactions and subjected for sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Bioedit version 7.0 and Mega version 5.0 were used for sequence analysis and for comparing the results with world-driven BKV sequences. Results: All of BKV VP1 genes which were derived from Iranian patients were classified with subtype 1b2 strains from Germany and Turkey. Predicted amino acid sequences from the studied region of VP1 showed that all of these nucleotide diversities could change amino acid sequence numbers 60, 68, 72, 73 and 82 among VP1. Conclusion: The interesting point was that genetic analysis of derived sequences showed a different feature of genetic diversity among Iranian sequences. This feature has not been reported yet. This characteristic feature of Iranian BKV VP1 gene provides a unique cluster of sequences in phylogenetic tree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a fatal cancer with a 5-year survival of only about 4% for all tumors. Mortality is a familiar projection to address the burden of cancers, but according to the Iranian death registry, about 20% of death statistics are still recorded in misclassified categories. The aim of this study was to estimate pancreatic cancer mortality for Iranian population, using a bayesian approach in order to revise this misclassification., Methods: National Death Statistics reported by the Ministry of Health from 1999 to 2004, stratified by age group, sex and cause of death, were the basis for this analysis. Pancreas cancer [ICD-10; 25] were expressed as the annual mortality rates/100,000, overall, by sex and by age group (<50 and ≥50 years of age) and age standardized rate (ASR). The bayesian approach to correct and account for misclassification effects in Poisson count regression was employed with a beta prior to estimate the mortality rate by age and sex group., Results: According to the bayesian analysis, there were between 20 to 30 percent underreported mortality records in deaths due to pancreatic cancer and the rate decreased slightly during the years of the study., Conclusion: Our findings suggest a substantial undercount of pancreatic cancer mortality in the Iranian population. Therefore policy makers who determine research and treatment priorities should note these underreported data for death rates.