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Supplemental data #2 Bactericidal effect of 310 nm UVB-LED irradiation on oral bacteria (Microscopical assay). Mixtures of a bacterial suspension (0.2 ml) and saliva (0.1 ml) seeded on an 8-wells chambered coverglass were incubated anaerobically at 37 °C overnight and then irradiated with 310 nm UVB-LED. The biofilms were stained with a LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit and observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. (DOCX 1581 kb)

Supplemental data #3 Expression of iNOS mRNA in Ca9–22 cell by irradiation of UVB-LED. Expression level of iNOS mRNA was measured by the RT-PCR. RNA expression levels were compared using the ΔΔCt method. (n = 3, means ± SE, p = 0.071). (DOCX 30 kb)

Supplemental data #1 Bactericidal effect of 310 nm UVB-LED irradiation on oral bacteria (CFU assay). Suspensions of P. gingivalis (0.1 ml, OD of 1.0 at 600 nm) in PBS supplemented with 20 μl human saliva were incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for 24 h. Suspensions of S.mutans (0.1 ml, OD of 0.4–0.5 at 600 nm) in BHI broth containing 5% sucrose were also incubated anerobically at 37 °C overnight. These biofilms were irradiated with 310 nm UVB-LED for different periods (10, 30, 60, and 120 s). Colonies on the plates were counted after incubation for 1–7 days. Bactericidal levels are indicated as viability (%). (means ± SE; **P