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891 results on '"Takeuchi, Masato"'

38. Comparative effectiveness of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in improvement of fatty liver index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease: A retrospective nationwide claims database study in Japan

Author

Shikamura, Mitsuhiro, Takayama, Atsushi, Takeuchi, Masato, and Kawakami, Koji

Subjects
PROPORTIONAL hazards models, TYPE 2 diabetes, CD26 antigen, FATTY liver, LIVER diseases, DATABASES
Abstract

Aim: To date, there are limited clinical studies and real‐world evidence investigating whether sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are associated with improved hepatic steatosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SGLT2i compared with that of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in improving the fatty liver index (FLI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included new users of SGLT2i or DPP4i with T2DM and MASLD from a large claims database (JMDC Claims Database). The primary outcome was the incidence of improvement of the FLI. Cox proportional hazard models, weighted using propensity scores for predicting the initiation of treatment, were fitted to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Time‐course changes in the FLI values were also assessed. Results: This study included 9127 SGLT2i and 12 286 DPP4i initiators. SGLT2i showed a higher incidence of improvement in the FLI (≥30%, ≥40% and ≥50% reduction from baseline FLI) compared with DPP4i, and the weighted hazard ratios were 1.27 (95% CI 1.18‐1.38), 1.24 (95% CI 1.13‐1.37) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.05‐1.33), respectively. SGLT2i indicated a greater decreased in FLI values compared with DPP4i at up to 3 years of the follow‐up period. Conclusion: SGLT2is use appeared to be associated with a greater improvement of the FLI than DPP4i use in patients with T2DM and MASLD. In the absence of direct head‐to‐head comparisons from clinical studies, our study, using real‐world data, may support physicians' decision‐making in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Supramolecular liquid crystals from the dimer of L‐shaped molecules with tertiary amide end groups.

Author

Sawatari, Yuki, Shimomura, Yoshimichi, Takeuchi, Masato, Iwai, Riki, Tanaka, Takuya, Tsurumaki, Eiji, Tokita, Masatoshi, Watanabe, Junji, and Konishi, Gen‐ichi

Subjects
LIQUID crystal states, AMIDES, PHASE transitions, POLYMER liquid crystals, PROPERTIES of matter, MELTING points, LIQUID crystals, DIMERS, SMECTIC liquid crystals
Abstract

Supramolecular liquid crystals (SLCs) are attractive materials for fabricating devices with new optoelectronic functions. Conventional SLCs are made from hydrogen‐bonded mesogens. However, these mesogens suffer from high melting points, and the types of formable aggregates are limited owing to the directionality of the hydrogen bonding. Therefore, to fabricate non‐hydrogen‐bonded SLCs, we hypothesized that the introduction of tertiary amide groups into calamitic molecules would be advantageous because they have an L‐shaped structure with N‐ or C‐alkyl side chains not aligned along the long axis and the flexibility to undergo cis–trans isomerization. In this study, we developed a novel non‐hydrogen‐bonded SLC by assembling an L‐shaped dimer composed of calamitic molecules (phenyltolanes) with tertiary amides at their ends. These molecules exhibited a smectic B phase. The phase transition temperature of the SLCs from crystal to liquid crystal phase was low despite the long π‐conjugated core. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and variable‐temperature Fourier‐transform infrared measurements revealed dimer formation by weak intermolecular interactions, that is, the molecular recognition of L‐shaped molecules, and mobility of the alkyl groups attached to amide driven by cis–trans isomerization in the liquid crystal phase. Thus, cis–trans isomerization of tertiary amides contributed enormously to the formation and lower clearing points of this SLC. The developed method can be used not only to develop non‐hydrogen‐bonded SLCs but also to develop novel soft matter with controlled properties by incorporating the SLCs, as the aggregates can be controlled to impart desired functionalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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