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To date, little is known about the interplay between transport, land use and the social systems that influence potential and realised accessibility in Southeast Asia. This paper aims to understand these relationships in an informal settlement – a kampong – at the edge of the upscale Menteng district, Jakarta. We applied a mixed-methods approach of (1) a computational street network analysis using space syntax, (2) video analysis to understand travel behaviour and land use and (3) an analysis of street users’ experiences collected through interviews. Our findings indicated that the pedestrian accessibility was not fully realised due to unsupportive land uses and negative perceptions of walking experienced by kampong inhabitants. Marginalised groups became captive pedestrians limited in their mobility choices. This study provides insights into Jakarta’s informal settlements and how urban planning can contribute to sustainable development for inclusive, safe, and resilient cities.

Social learning is the process of exchanging and developing knowledge (including skills and experiences) through human interaction. This key planning process needs to be better under-stood, given the increase and variety of non-planners influencing planning processes. This article explores who learns what from whom through social learning in planning. We unpack social learning theoretically to be able to map it, and employ empirically-based storytelling to discuss its relevance to planning practice. We conclude that social learning can lead to positive and negative outcomes and provides a useful analytical lens to understand planning practices at the level of individuals.

Energy usage in cities is intertwined with its spatial configuration—the denser and more compact the city, the more concentrated and efficient the energy usage is to be expected. To achieve sustainable communities, cities (and their inhabitants) must reconsider its spatial configurations in the context of rapid urbanisation and growth in light of limited resources and conflicting spatial claims. This article seeks to understand how spatial configurations affect transport energy usage in cities and propose an integrated assessment approach factoring spatial configurational analysis in relation to transport energy usage at the micro- and macroscale. Comparing Bergen, Norway, and Zürich, Switzerland, findings showed that spatial configurations were positively correlated to transport energy usage. Street structures suitable for walking and less suitable for car traffic tended to exhibit lower amounts of energy usage. Following this, nine typologies of transport and land use patterns are described to support planning for more sustainable means of transport. View Full-Text

This article argues that a more critical approach to innovation policy within planning is needed and offers recommendations for achieving this. These recommendations entail rethinking the values, focus, speed, and legitimacy of innovations. It takes a critical perspective on how contemporary societies treat rapid innovation as having necessarily positive results in the achievement of objectives such as sustainability and justice. This critical perspective is needed because innovation can both contribute to and drive a form of maladaptive planning: a collective approach to reality that imposes constant and rapid changes to societal configurations due to an obsession with the new and with too little rapport with the problems in place or that it creates. A maladaptive direction for transport planning is used as a sectorial illustration of the broader conceptual ideas presented: for both sustainability and social justice reasons, it would be desirable to see peak car occurring. However, the car industry is presenting driving automation as an innovation with the potential to restore the vitality of the private vehicles market while creating effective means to dismiss alternatives to car dominance. View Full-Text

This article highlights the psychological dimension of social learning. Insights from psychology address the interrelated role of personal and group dynamics in social learning. This can provide a useful starting point for a rewarding use of social learning as an analytical tool in co-creative planning. Such an approach to social learning proves beneficial to (i) identify both positive and negative potential effects of social learning, (ii) untangle hidden power relationships at play at individual and small group levels in relation to social psychological factors, and (iii) discern the role of individuals and small groups within their larger contexts. The findings are empirically illustrated with a case of incremental urban development in Groningen, the Netherlands.

Within the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015, Goal 11 promotes sustainable cities and communities. To achieve that aim, this SDG must address the vicious cycle of rapid urbanization and increased motorization intertwined with the social, economic, and political context unique to every city. This chapter argues that SDG 11 lacks specificity and feasibility for implementation. Considering the paradigm shift from conventional transport planning to a sustainable mobility approach in the context of Southeast Asia, this chapter highlights the missing links in SDG 11 through the lens of sustainable mobility, mobility inequalities, and transport related social exclusion. Comparing active mobility projects and land use transportation integration policies and implementation in Singapore and Jakarta reveals how goals are subjected to governance structures, political will, and public acceptance. The policy coherence and governance in Singapore contribute to its effective and refined policies, while Jakarta has the advantage of civil society involvement. Analysing the distance, time, and cost required to conduct a similar, fictitious journey in each city, the contextual limitations contributing to mobility inequalities and exclusions are presented. Reflecting on potential roles for governments, market parties, and civil society, the chapter concludes with a discussion on innovations required for systemic change to achieve sustainable cities and communities.

Motivation: When we think about cities full of vitality and life spans that go beyond the normal waking hours, we think of global cities such as London, New York which are also capitals of capital, economic strength, buzz and success. Such urban systems1 make full usage of their structure and elements with continuous processes and flows. (Klaasen, 2004). The research on 24/7 environments was inspired by the difference in time bound spaces between the Netherlands and my home country, Singapore. Being used to easily finding services, retail and entertainment at all hours of the night, the shock of being in a country that in certain parts cease to operate on weekends prompted this explorative study into understanding what conditions are required to allow for a 24/7 environment which contributes to the urban vitality of the space, especially spatial pattern and conditions, and what are the effects of 24/7 environment in general. Explorative Study: Spatial planning of today, seldom take into concerns regarding the usage of space in a temporal fashion (Klaasen 2005, Drewe 2005). Planning and design are extended within visions and expected goals in terms of years, however, neglect the importance of planning the details of a finer temporal grain2 is to the vitality and success of an urban area. Given the state of current urban settlements to proceed into sprawl and fragmentation, it seems highly illogical to continue using whatever precious space we have left only within a pre-conditioned notion of time. Not to mention that given the limitations of the simplified models of reality that urbanists have been conditioned to work with, the element of time has barely been taken into account, voluntarily or involuntarily. This research is an explorative study into the why and how conditions that makes a 24/7 environment, in describing and propagating the environment. Bearing in mind that it is not humanly possible to function continuously as our biorhythm will never allow it, nor, Architecture