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Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has demonstrated significant potential in addressing multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections due to its noninvasive nature and independence from antibiotics and light sources. However, the majority of current sonosensitizers exhibit aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ), leading to low reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency. Herein, a novel nonplanar structured sonodynamic (4,4‐difluoro‐4‐boron‐3a,4‐diaza‐indandiene) BODIPY derivative, BODN, with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties, and rapid generation of substantial ROS by ultrasound is introduced. The BODN is co‐assembled with the commercial amphiphilic polymer, mDSPE‐PEG2000, forming BODN nanoparticles (BODN‐NP). Under ultrasound conditions, BODN‐NP demonstrates potent antimicrobial activity and improves the inflammatory response to promote healing wounds infected by both Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This work expands the use of AIE sonodynamic materials in antimicrobial therapy and provides new perspectives for innovative solutions against multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, SnxCu1−xI thin-film transistors were fabricated on a glass substrate, with CuI doped with varying concentrations of SnI2 serving as the channel and chitosan as the dielectric. When x = 0.06, the device exhibited optimal performance: a current on/off ratio of 2.56 × 105, a subthreshold slope of 31.67 mV/dec, a threshold voltage of 1.33 V, and a saturated field-effect mobility of 21.75 cm2 V−1 s−1. Due to the electric double layer effect of chitosan, the operating voltage of the devices was reduced to below 2 V. Simulations were also conducted on the behavior and functionality of artificial synapses, such as short-term plasticity, long-term plasticity, and paired-pulse facilitation. Building upon the functionalities of artificial synapses, the Sn0.06Cu0.94I neuromorphic transistors simulated the fundamental pain perception function of biological nociceptors. Finally, the effects of bias stress and laser irradiation on the devices were investigated, indicating the excellent stability of the Sn0.06Cu0.94I neuromorphic transistors. Fabricated via the solution process, this low-voltage neuromorphic transistors hold significant implications for applications in bionic sensing systems and neuromorphic chip technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endogenous T cell activation relies on recognizing tumor‐specific antigens. However, tumor cells often alter phenotypes to evade immune surveillance, resulting in immune escape and drug resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) activates anti‐tumor immune responses by generating reactive oxygen species, which induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and immunogenic cell death. The clinical application of PDT is limited by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Notably, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) regulates expression of immune‐related genes in tumor and immune cells through H3K27 methylation. Consequently, targeting EZH2‐mediated epigenetic silence provides an effective strategy to enhance the anti‐tumor immune effect of PDT. In this study, a nano‐delivery system (NP2) is designed to demonstrate PDT and epigenetic reprogramming effects. NP2 can reverse epigenetic silence, enhance MHC‐I expression, and induce release of CXCL9‐10 via EZH2i. Meanwhile, NP2 has a significant effect on PDT, inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress that resulted in immunogenic cell death and subsequent activation of the immune cascade. In a mouse model of in situ breast cancer, the combination of PDT activation and epigenetic reprogramming through EZH2i showed synergistic effects on remolding, and triggering a robust anti‐tumor immune response in vivo. This study provides a novel idea for improving the immunosuppressive environment in clinical individualized immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mild‐heat photothermal antibacterial therapy avoids heat‐induced damage to normal tissues but causes bacterial tolerance. The use of photothermal therapy in synergy with chemodynamic therapy is expected to address this issue. Herein, two pseudo‐conjugated polymers PM123 with photothermal units and PFc with ferrocene (Fc) units are designed to co‐assemble with DSPE‐mPEG2000 into nanoparticle NPM123/Fc. NPM123/Fc under 1064 nm laser irradiation (NPM123/Fc+NIR‐II) generates mild heat and additionally more toxic ∙OH from endogenous H2O2, displaying a strong synergistic photothermal and chemodynamic effect. NPM123/Fc+NIR‐II gives >90% inhibition rates against MDR ESKAPE pathogens in vitro. Metabolomics analysis unveils that NPM123/Fc+NIR‐II induces bacterial metabolic dysregulation including inhibited nucleic acid synthesis, disordered energy metabolism, enhanced oxidative stress, and elevated DNA damage. Further, NPM123/Fc+NIR‐II possesses >90% bacteriostatic rates at infected wounds in mice, resulting in almost full recovery of infected wounds. Immunodetection and transcriptomics assays disclose that the therapeutic effect is mainly dependent on the inhibition of inflammatory reactions and the promotion of wound healing. What is more, thioketal bonds in NPM123/Fc are susceptible to ROS, making it degradable with highly favorable biosafety in vitro and in vivo. NPM123/Fc+NIR‐II with a unique synergistic antibacterial strategy would be much less prone to select bacterial resistance and represent a promising antibiotics‐alternative anti‐infective measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, NaxCu1−xI thin-film transistors gated by chitosan for low-voltage operation have been created by doping CuI with different Na concentrations (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1). It is found that the devices exhibit optimal performance when x is 0.05: a large current on/off ratio of 1.62 × 105, a steep subthreshold slope of 17.72 mV/dec, a saturation field-effect mobility of 0.51 cm2/V s, and a threshold voltage of 1.10 V. The operating voltage of the devices is reduced to below 2 V due to the electric-double-layer (EDL) effect. At a frequency of 10 Hz, a maximum specific capacitance of 1.36 μF/cm2 can be obtained in the chitosan. The effects of bias stress and laser on Na0.05Cu0.95I thin-film transistors (TFTs) have been examined at the end of the article, and the results revealed that Na0.05Cu0.95I TFTs possess good stability. As the bias stress gets longer and the laser power increases, the transfer curves of TFTs shift positively. Also, artificial synaptic behaviors and functions have been simulated experimentally. It can be divided into single-pulse, double-pulse, and multiple-pulse. According to the experimental results, features such as short-term plasticity, long-term plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, high-pass filtering, pulse logic, and spatial summation have been achieved. The electrostatic modulation of EDL due to proton transverse migration is vital for this simulation. The realization of low-voltage synaptic Na0.05Cu0.95I TFTs prepared by solution method with pulse logic and spatial summation functions is crucial for application of portable biosensors and neuromorphic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]