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3. Epigenetic dysregulation in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: disease and treatments.

Author

Yau TO, Tang CM, and Yu J

Subjects
CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, Genes, Tumor Suppressor, Humans, MicroRNAs metabolism, Prognosis, Stomach Neoplasms complications, Viral Proteins metabolism, Epigenesis, Genetic, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections complications, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Stomach Neoplasms genetics, Stomach Neoplasms virology
Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) comprises nearly 10% of gastric carcinoma cases worldwide. Recently, it was recognised to have unique clinicopathologic characteristics, including male predominance, lower rates of lymph node involvement, and better prognosis. EBVaGC is further characterised by abnormal hypermethylation of tumour suppressor gene promoter regions, causing down-regulation of their expression. In the present review, we critically discuss the role of EBV in gastric carcinogenesis, summarising the role of viral proteins and microRNAs with respect to aberrant methylation in EBVaGC. Given the role of epigenetic dysregulation in tumourigenesis, epigenetic modifiers may represent a novel therapeutic strategy.

Published
2014
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