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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of small RNA(sRNA)targeting at TNF-α in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Taking TNF-α as the target, screen sRNA from the sRNA database of Sini decoction by bioinformatics methods. The effect of sRNA targeting at TNF-α was verified by dual-luciferase reportergene system; the sRNA was transfected into the cells, then IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α of LPS or poly (I:C) induced A549 cells were detected by ELISA; the mRNA level of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide(LPS) or poly(I:C) induced A549 cells was detected by RT-qPCR; Mild ARDS mouse models was developed by intratracheal instillation of LPS or poly(I:C) in mice. The mice were divided into native group, model group, NC group and sRNA-treated group. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in BALF and serum was detected by ELISA. The survival of mild ARDS mouse models was observed. The survival rate of mice was counted. Results Bioinformatic analysis identified TNF-α mRNA binding 50 sRNAs and the dual-luciferase reporter gene system and THP1 inflammatory cell model identified the TNF-α-sRNA-9 that targeted at TNF-α, which was derived from Baked licorice in Sini decoction; Compared with NC group, TNF-α-sRNA-9 decreased the level of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS or poly(I:C) induced A549 cells (P

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disease, posing a considerable threat to public health. Oligonucleotide drugs have proven to be a promising field of therapy for the diseases. In this study, we reported that a herbal small RNA (sRNA), JGL‐sRNA‐h7 (B34735529, F1439.L002444.A11), could exhibit potent hypoglycemic effects by targeting glucose‐6‐phosphatase. Oral administration of sphingosine (d18:1)‐JGL‐sRNA‐h7 bencaosomes ameliorated hyperglycemia and diabetic kidney injury better than metformin in db/db mice. Furthermore, glucose tolerance was also improved in sphingosine (d18:1)‐JGL‐sRNA‐h7 bencaosomes‐treated beagle dogs. Our study indicates that JGL‐sRNA‐h7 could be a promising hypoglycemic oligonucleotide drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease 2019, a newly emerging serious infectious disease, has spread worldwide. To date, effective drugs against the disease are limited. Traditional Chinese medicine was commonly used in treating COVID‐19 patients in China. Here we tried to identify herbal effective lipid compounds from the lipid library of 92 heat‐clearing and detoxication Chinese herbs. Through virtual screening, enzymatic activity and inhibition assays, and surface plasmon resonance tests, we identified lipid compounds targeting the main protease (Mpro) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and verified their functions. Here, we found that natural lipid compounds LPC (14:0/0:0) and LPC (16:0/0:0) could target SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro, recover cell death induced by SARS‐CoV‐2, and ameliorate acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and virus poly (I:C) mimics in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that LPC (14:0/0:0) and LPC (16:0/0:0) might be potential pan remedy against ARDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease 2019, a newly emerging serious infectious disease, has spread worldwide. To date, effective drugs against the disease are limited. Traditional Chinese medicine was commonly used in treating COVID-19 patients in China. Here we tried to identify herbal effective lipid compounds from the lipid library of 92 heat-clearing and detoxication Chinese herbs. Through virtual screening, enzymatic activity and inhibition assays, and surface plasmon resonance tests, we identified lipid compounds targeting the main protease (M pro ) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and verified their functions. Here, we found that natural lipid compounds LPC (14:0/0:0) and LPC (16:0/0:0) could target SARS-CoV-2 M pro , recover cell death induced by SARS-CoV-2, and ameliorate acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and virus poly (I:C) mimics in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that LPC (14:0/0:0) and LPC (16:0/0:0) might be potential pan remedy against ARDS., (© 2022 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.)