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Objective To investigate the risk factors of severe complications of elderly patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Methods The clinical data of 399 elderly patients with PD and 65 years or more (65-91years) including 76 cases with 75 years or more （19.0%） in this hospital from January 2016 to December 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. Less Barthel index score was used to indicate lower activities of daily living. The risk factors of severe complications after PD were analyzed by binary Logistic regression and predictive model was established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to verify the predictive efficiency of model. Results A total of 224 cases were found postoperative complications from 399 elderly PD cases with the rate 56.14% including 187 (46.87%) cases of mild complications and 37 (9.27%) cases of severe complications. Age ≥75 years (OR=2.78, P

Phosphorus (P) availability in soil is often limited, posing a challenge for sustainable agricultural production. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) have emerged as a promising biological approach to enhance soil P availability while minimize negative environmental impacts. Exploring the impact of PSMs on increasing soil available P is crucial for optimizing the utilization of insoluble P in soil and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on the dynamics of soil available P, including its input, loss and transformation processes. Additionally, we draw a conclusion about how PSMs increase the availability of P in soil, including solubilizing inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) by secreting substances such as protons, organic acids, inorganic acids, exopolysaccharides, hydrogen sulfide, siderophores and phosphatases. Notably, the factors influencing the P solubilizing activity of PSMs in soil are thoroughly discussed. Moreover, practical applications of PSMs for increasing soil P availability are summarized. Future research should focus on exploring novel PSM isolates, conducting long-term field experiments to assess the effects and potential risk of PSMs under diverse conditions, and investigating synergistic approaches with other P activators or beneficial microorganisms. This review will advance our understanding of PSMs and their practical application, enabling their widespread adoption in agricultural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently introduced the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) to improve cardiovascular health (CVH). However, the association between LE8 and the risk of prediabetes or diabetes is not yet fully understood. Consequently, this study aims to assess the association between CVH, as evaluated by LE8, and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes., Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study encompassed 7,739 participants aged ≥20 years from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The CVH of participants was evaluated using the LE8, combining four health behaviors and three health factors. Glucose metabolic status categories included normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes including isolated impaired fasting glucose, isolated impaired glucose tolerance, both IFG and IGT, and diabetes. The associations between CVH and prediabetes and diabetes were analyzed using logistic regression, linear regression, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses. Among 7,739 participants, 1,949 had iIFG, 1,165 were diagnosed with iIGT, 799 were IFG+IGT, and 537 were diagnosed with diabetes. After multivariable adjustments, CVH scores were inversely associated with prediabetes and diabetes, with the most robust inverse association observed between IFG+IGT and CVH across all prediabetes subgroups. Of all CVH components not directly in the causal pathway, body mass index (BMI) had the most robust associations with prediabetes and diabetes. Subgroup analyses indicated that the negative correlation between CVH and prediabetes was stronger among those with university or higher education., Conclusion: CVH, as defined by LE8, showed a significant negative association with prediabetes and diabetes., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Xu, Feng, Abdullah, Li, Fang, Tang, Yang, Kong, Huang, Wang and Xue.)