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Aim: Study the intensity of formation of microbial biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated during various forms of pyelonephritis., Materials and Methods: 150 clinical isolates of microorganisms isolated from urine ofpatientswith acute and chronic pyelonephritiswere included into the study. Determination of intensity of film-formation was carried out by staining of the formed biofilms by crystal violet with consequent extraction of the dye and measurement of its concentration in washout solution., Results: Among causative agents ofpyelonephritis P. aeruginosa isolates had the maximum film-forming ability. The intensity of biofilm formation of these isolates was 2-3 time higher than staphylococcus and enterobacteria strains. Strains isolated from patients with chronic pyelonephritis by ability to form biofilms significantly surpassed strains isolated from acute pyelonephritis patients. A higher ability to form microbial biofilms for microorganisms--causative agents of pyelonephritis progressing against the background ofurolithiasis was noted., Conclusion: The ability to form biofilms is determined by both causative agent species and character of the infectious process in which this microorganism participates. Intensive formation of biofilms by E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus clinical isolates may be an important factor of chronization of urinary tract infections.

The importance of the intraspecific typing of salmonellae for effective epidemiological analysis is shown. The methods (phenotypical and genotypical), used for the epidemiological marking of salmonellae, are characterized, their advantages and drawbacks, as well as prospects of their further use, are given. The importance of the standardization of molecular-genetic methods to ensure data exchange between different laboratories and the investigation of international outbreaks of enteric infections is pointed out. The international projects PulseNet and Salmgene of the surveillance of Salmonella infection, based on genotyping of Salmonella isolates, are presented.

The adhesive capacity, resistance to antibiotics and biological properties of Salmonella strains of different serogroups, circulating in the Gomel region, were under study. Resistance to antibiotics and changes in biological properties were accompanied by an increased adhesiveness of these strains. A high degree of adhesiveness was noted in S. hadar, a new for Belarus strains.