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The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the power grid necessitates advanced power electronics solutions to ensure efficient, reliable, and stable operation. This paper presents an overview of state-of-the-art power electronic technologies that facilitate the integration of renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy, into the modern power grid. The role of advanced converter topologies, control strategies, and grid-interfacing techniques in improving power quality, system efficiency, and stability is discussed. Additionally, innovative approaches in multi-level inverters, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and smart grid compatibility are explored. The challenges and opportunities associated with the seamless integration of renewable energy into the grid are highlighted, emphasizing the need for further advancements in power electronic devices, such as wide bandgap semiconductor materials, to enhance overall system performance. This paper aims to provide insights into how advanced power electronics can be leveraged to promote the efficient and sustainable integration of renewable energy into existing power infrastructures.

High-power energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, face significant thermal challenges during operation, which can affect their performance, safety, and longevity. Effective thermal management strategies are crucial for maintaining optimal temperature ranges, preventing thermal runaway, and ensuring efficient energy output. This paper explores various thermal management techniques, including active and passive cooling systems, phase change materials, and advanced heat sink designs, specifically tailored for high-power applications. A comprehensive analysis of these strategies is provided, along with insights into their implementation in real-world energy storage systems. Additionally, the paper discusses recent advancements in thermal management technologies and proposes potential improvements to enhance the safety and efficiency of high-power energy storage devices.

Vehicle emissions are responsible for about 30% of all air pollution in the world. Vehicle emissions can be significantly reduced through the use of selective catalyst reduction (SCR). The present work emphasizes the impact of thermal barrier-coated pistons on diesel engine performance as well as emission qualities. A Ni–Cr–Al–Y bond coat was applied to the tested engine piston that was 50 microns thick and a top coat that was 250 microns thick. These coatings were applied using the plasma spray technique to a combination of 2 mol. % of Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3), 2 mol. % of Neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), 3 mol. % of Yttria (Y2O3), and continuing 93 mol. % of Zirconia (ZrO2). In a 4-stroke, 1-cylinder diesel engine, the testing was carried out utilizing diesel, Mahua, and Jatropha fuels with and without coating. The selective catalytic reduction technique was employed in the current test to reduce NOx emissions. The findings of this analysis indicate that the brake thermal efficiency of an insulated piston engine improved by 3.9%, and when JB 100 was chosen as the fuel, the insulated piston reduced brake-specific fuel consumption by 3.5% in comparison to the normal piston. In engines coated with SCR, hydrocarbon emissions were lowered by 20.1%, while carbon monoxide emissions were dropped by 13.4%. In comparison to the baseline engine, the oxide of nitrogen emissions were reduced by 39.1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber-reinforced additive manufacturing components have been used in various industrial applications in recent years, including in the production of aerospace, automobile, and biomedical components. Compared to conventional methods, additive manufacturing (AM) methods can be used to obtainin lighter parts with superior mechanical properties with lower setup costs and the ability to design more complex parts. Additionally, the fabrication of onyx composites using the conventional method can result in delamination, which is a significant issue during composite machining. To address these shortcomings, the fabrication of onyx composites via additive manufacturing with the Mark forged 3D-composite printer was considered. Machinability tests were conducted using abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) with various drilling diameters, traverse speeds, and abrasive mass flow rates. These parameters were optimized using Taguchi analysis and then validated using the Genetic algorithm (GA) and the Moth Flame Optimization algorithm (MFO). The surface morphology (Dmax) and the roughness of the drilled holes were determined using a vision measuring machine with 2D software (MITUTOYO v5.0) and a contact-type surface roughness tester. Confirmation testing demonstrated that the predicted values werenearly identical to the experimental standards. During the drilling of an onyx polymer composite, regression models, genetic algorithms and the Moth-Flame Optimization algorithm were used to estimate the response surface of delamination damage and surface roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal management has emerged as one of the most significant difficulties in various technologies today, owing to the increasing demand for faster processing rates and the continual shrinking of the physical dimensions of the devices. There are numerous techniques to increase the thermal performance of equipment. Heat pipes are low-cost, passive devices having a simple form, low thermal resistance, high effective thermal conductivity, and high efficiency. Water, methanol, ethylene glycol, and their combinations are the most widely utilized working fluids in these heat pipes. However, they are poor heat transmission fluids. The heat transmission performance of a fluid can be considerably increased by suspending nano-sized particles in it. Experiments are conducted on this heat pipe to improve performance using a Hybrid nanofluid. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the heat transfer performance of a heat pipe using various working fluids such as de-ionized water (DI water), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanofluid, and hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3 + CuO). The heat pipe's performance was examined with DI water, Al2O3 nanofluid, and a hybrid nanofluid at various heat inputs (20 W, 40 W, 60 W, 80 W and 100 W). Higher thermal conductivity, stability, and enhanced heat transfer rates can be achieved by the use of hybrid nanofluids. At a 100 W heat input to the heat pipe, the results demonstrate that the heat transfer coefficient and effective thermal conductivity of the hybrid nanofluid are 32 % higher and the thermal resistance is 24 % lower than those of the Al2O3 nanofluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]