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Background Methotrexate (MTX) is a gold standard for treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. The main adverse events (AE) related to the MTX are intolerance, increased rate of infections, elevation of the liver enzymes, hematological abnormalities and stomatitis, which required to stop the MTX therapy [1]. In children without remission who tolerated MTX often the second-line treatment is the biologics, which may use alone or in the combination with MTX. Objectives The aim of our study was to evaluate the main reasons of MTX discontinuation in JIA children who started first biologic. Methods In the study were included 173 non-systemic JIA patients, whom biologic therapy was prescribed firstly to previous MTX treatment. We evaluate the main reasons of MTX discontinuation after the starting of the biologic treatment, duration of MTX treatment (all and after biologic start), achievement the remission, according C. Wallace criteria and time to remission, flare of JIA. We compared two groups: i) patients with biologics with ongoing methotrexate and ii) patients with biologics alone, whom MTX was discontinued or not prescribed. Results During the trial MTX discontinued 40 (23.1%) patients: due to intolerance (n=11), other adverse events (AE) (n=10), except intolerance (mainly, frequent infection and transaminitis) and remission of JIA (n=19). Patients with onset age of JIA Conclusion The main factor, associated with MTX discontinuation in JIA patients, who received first biologic was the disease onset age. Eldest age was related to higher risk of developing the MTX intolerance. References [1] van Dijkhuizen EH, Pouw JN, Scheuern A, Hugle B, Hardt S, Ganser G, Kummerle-Deschner JB, Horneff G, Holzinger D, Bulatovic Calasan M, Wulffraat NM. Methotrexate intolerance in oral and subcutaneous administration in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a cross-sectional, observational study. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2016;34(1):148-54. Disclosure of Interests None declared

Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the largest class of all major congenital anomalies. It occurs in 0.6– 1% of live births throughout the world. The prevalence of specific defects is known to be associated with race/ethnicity. Asian children are reported to be at higher risk of complex CHDs than non-Asians. Various factors were supposed to be the cause of higher CHD prevalence in individual ethnic groups with genetic, lifestyle, socioeconomic, ecological factors and restricted access to health services being among them. The goal of this study was to reveal the dynamics of incidence and spectrum of CHDs among neonates of different ethnic groups delivered in the tertiary care center of Yakutia in 2001 - 2013. Methods Spectrum of CHD among neonates examined in the Yakutsk Diagnostic Centre was analyzed retrospectively. Eligibility criteria for the detailed medical evaluation: a CHD in family history or any clinical sign of CHD. Neonates, suspected of having CHD, were further evaluated by pulse oximetry, chest X-ray and echocardiography to ascertain the diagnosis. Information regarding gender, mode of delivery, gestational age, body weight and length at birth, socioeconomic status of the family, family history, ethnicity and place of residence of 724 and 1226 babies, who were examined in 2001 – 2003 and in 2011 - 2013 respectively, were processed using the SPSS-16 package. Results Of all babies, eligible for the detailed evaluation in both periods, ventricular septal defect was revealed in 6.4%, atrial septal defect - in 4.6%, patent ductus arteriosus - in 2.6%, tetralogy of Fallot – in 1.4%, coarctation of the aorta – in 0.9%, pulmonary atresia - in 0.7%), complete atrioventricular canal – in 0.5% and Ebstein’s anomaly – in 0.5%. Comparison of CHD incidence and patterns in 2001 – 2003 and in 2011 – 2013 revealed an almost 2-fold increase in the total number of CHD (p Conclusions Revealed higher incidence of CHD is due to the fact that the study was carried out in a tertiary care unit, which is the only referral hospital in Yakutia. Increased number of CHD reflects rather better availability of cardiac services and higher professional qualification of specialists than a higher incidence of CHD in 2011 - 2013.

This paper deals with the problems of gender representation that we define as the re-identification and correction of social and gender roles. The globalisation of all domains of social life encourages development and entrenchment of gender representation practices of a natural biological sex by means of communications technologies.The feminine and the masculine have become transformable characteristics of a modern human. The phenomenon of gender representation crosses the borders of different social groups and becomes a mass phenomenon. Various types of communications technologies and virtualisation of all spheres of social life strongly support trends of gender representation transformations.The process of episodic gender transformations satisfying immediate personal needs actively develops in the global network environment. The global communicative environmentstrongly simplifies the shift from partial and temporal gender alterations towards permanent transformations of gender. It must be noted that gender representations may be positive or negative. The positive outcomes of gender representations are free gender identification, creative lifestyle, and the ability for quick response for social and cultural changes. The latter must be considered as an extremely flexible adaptive strategy. The negative outcomes of gender representations are the loss of biologically determined gender functions, the growth of mental disorders and deviant behaviours, and the emergence of new marginal social groups that may cause social instability. ­Therefore, we conclude that in the age of globalisation, humanity faces the dilemma to unify all gender, ethnic, and cultural traits or to leave each person to pursue hers or his individual way of living.

The integration of Russia into the international common space of research and education accompanied by modernization of the national system of education puts forward new demands to postgraduate education. The processes of integration and modernization increase the importance of learning a foreign language for a future scientist. The article deals with the methodological content of a foreign language lesson, the components of which are individualization, speech orientation, situatedness, functionality and novelty. Those components define the features, structure, principles and techniques of a modern foreign language lesson. The aim of this paper is to describe how the above-mentioned components are implemented during foreign language classes with postgraduates. In the end, we come to the conclusion that individualization, speech focus and novelty at foreign language lessons are fully implemented through specific lesson arrangement models, based on personal involvement into the learning process in the context of scientific activity. The use of socially-oriented technologies promotes active involvement of postgraduates into speech activity, enhancing the interactive character of scientific communication.