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The study explored the availability and utilization of ICT tools for chemistry teaching in Offa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Purposive sampling was adopted to choose twenty-one chemistry teachers from sixteen public senior secondary schools and five private senior secondary schools in Offa LGA for the study. The tool employed to obtain the data was a questionnaire that the researcher designed. The instrument was face-validated by senior lecturers in scientific education and Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The study found that the minimal ICT resources available were only moderately used to teach chemistry and that public and private schools in Offa LGA, Kwara State, have some ICT resources. It was suggested that the government give sufficient ICT resources to public schools and that private school owners supply sufficient ICT resources to their schools. It was also suggested that chemistry teachers use ICT resources when instructing Chemistry. Abstrak Penelitian ini meneliti ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan perangkat TIK untuk pengajaran kimia di Offa Local Government Area (LGA) di Negara Bagian Kwara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian survei deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel secara sengaja dilakukan untuk memilih dua puluh satu guru kimia dari enam belas sekolah menengah atas negeri dan lima sekolah menengah atas swasta di Offa LGA untuk penelitian ini. Perangkat yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data adalah kuesioner yang dirancang oleh peneliti. Instrumen tersebut divalidasi oleh dosen senior dalam pendidikan sains dan Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sumber daya TIK minimal yang tersedia hanya digunakan secara moderat untuk mengajar kimia dan bahwa sekolah negeri dan swasta di Offa LGA, Negara Bagian Kwara memiliki beberapa sumber daya TIK. Di antara hal-hal lain, disarankan agar pemerintah memberikan sumber daya TIK yang cukup untuk sekolah negeri dan agar pemilik sekolah swasta menyediakan sumber daya TIK yang cukup untuk sekolah mereka. Disarankan juga agar guru kimia memanfaatkan sumber daya TIK yang dapat diakses dengan baik saat mengajar Kimia. Kata Kunci: asesmen guru; guru kimia; pemanfaatan TIK; perangkat TIK

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a significant health challenge, characterised by damage to the spinal cord resulting from trauma, inflammation, tumours or other aetiologies. This injury often leads to a range of debilitating consequences, including loss of motor function, sensation, sphincter control and autonomic nerve function below the site of injury, as well as challenges with self-care and performance of instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors and characteristics of SCI among adult patients in three selected counties in Kenya. Method: A population of 213 patients from three counties in Kenya was used for this study. Then, a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study design was utilised to evaluate the prevalence of SCI. Results: The findings reveal a predominant prevalence in male patients, accounting for 84.04% of occurrences, with the highest incidence observed among individuals aged 26–35 years (36.15%). Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause, accounting for 45.07% of cases, followed by falls from height accounting for 42.25% of cases and violence, specifically gunshot injuries, which account for 7.04% of incidents. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a comprehensive epidemiology of SCI in three counties in Kenya with male patients recording high prevalence in motor vehicle accidents and falls from height as well as in severity and associated SCI complications. Clinical implications: This finding provides significant information on safety awareness and a platform to develop rehabilitation programmes for patients with SCI in Kenya.

The creation of wetlands along river channels, or inter-levee floodplain wetlands (ILWs), increases the cross-sectional area of rivers for flood control and is an effective nature-based solution (NbS) that is expected to achieve both flood control and biodiversity conservation in floodplains in riverine areas in Japan. To clarify the differences in habitat functions between ILWs and rice paddy fields, we surveyed the species assemblage and habitat usage of aquatic animal assemblages in ILWs and nearby rice paddies in the Nobi Plain of central Japan. Rana japonica bred in the ILWs, and taxon numbers of Odonata larvae and aquatic Hemiptera were greater in ILWs than in rice paddies. Fish taxa were also more abundant in the ILWs. ILWs were characterized mainly by taxa with a preference for permanent water bodies in their life history, whereas Dryophytes japonicus, Pelophylax porosus brevipodus, and Fejervarya kawamurai inhabited and bred mainly in the rice paddies, and the number of taxa of aquatic Coleoptera was also higher. The assemblages in the rice paddies were characterized by pioneer taxa with a preference for temporary waters as their primary breeding sites. Our results show that the creation of ILWs for flood control and the maintenance of rice paddies could help to conserve the original floodplain biodiversity through the complementarity of these different wetland types.

Research aims: This research assessed the struggles of the village-owned enterprise of Raknamo Village in Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, to enhance performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research used a qualitative approach consisting of stages, such as data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. It collected data through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and document review. It analyzed data on performance indicators: resource provision, task implementation, outputs, and goal attainment that the village-owned enterprise struggles to accomplish. Research findings: This research uncovered that the village-owned enterprise of Raknamo Village faces difficulties even now, thus generally performing low in its efforts to provide resources needed, such as personnel, finances, and facilities, implement tasks, produce outputs/products, and attain goals. Specifically, it performed relatively well in renting tents and chairs, increasing little profit; however, it performed poorly in the savings and loan business and traditional weaving home industry, thus experiencing financial loss. The primary factors affecting such performance were the core managers' low managerial and entrepreneurial skills, financial inability and low cooperative attitude of the village society to repay loans, inability of village society to do profitable business, and low income. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This research evaluated the struggles of the village-owned enterprise of Raknamo Village in Kupang Regency to boost performance, which prior studies have not widely investigated. Theoretically, this research is expected to add specified academic or analytical insight into the village-owned enterprises struggling as small business organizations to improve performance. Practitioner implication: The finding has profound implications that eliminating difficulties that hinder the village-owned enterprise’s performance and building its ability to perform better hereafter are both necessary. To reach this expectation, the government should create a capacity-building program for the village-owned enterprise.

Over the years, many factors have been visible that lead to unimpressive performance in biology. One of the factors includes ineffectiveness and inefficiency of biology teachers which results from the difficulties faced with some biology concepts. The study investigated perceived difficulty levels of basic concepts in biology by teachers in senior schools in Ogbomosho, Oyo State. The study adopted a descriptive research of the survey type. The population for this study comprised all biology teachers in Ogbomosho. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 262 respondents. The research instrument for this study was the Biology Teachers’ Perceptions Questionnaire on Difficult Concepts (BTPQDC). Three research questions were raised in the study. The research questions were analyzed using frequency count, percentage and cross-tabulation. The results showed that biology teachers perceived the majority of the basic concepts as not difficult. The concepts include the conservation of energy topics such as laws of thermodynamics, food chain, water cycle, micro and macro elements and holozoic nutrition Also, biology teachers perceived some reasons as the cause of difficulty in the basic concepts of biology. They include misconception of the concepts, insufficient subject-matter knowledge of the concepts, abstractness of the concepts, and complexity of the topic.

Being strong is a prominent male stereotype that children learn early in life; however, it is unknown as to when children start to value being strong and when gender differences in valuing strength might emerge. In the current study, we interviewed an ethnically diverse sample of 168 3-5 year-olds (88 girls, 80 boys) to address this gap in the literature. Results showed that boys as young as age 3 generally valued strength more than girls: (1) boys, on average, said it was more important to be strong than girls did, and (2) boys were more likely to prefer strength-related occupations than girls. Boys were also more likely to select boys than girls as the gender who cares more about physical strength. Additionally, with age, both girls and boys demonstrated knowledge of the stereotype that boys care about physical strength, with girls also being less likely to associate being a girl with being strong. Overall, the results suggest that valuing physical strength starts in early childhood, and gender differences in valuing strength are evident at the eve of gender identity development. Possible implications for boys' later well-being and health are discussed.

Abstract We report a Japanese patient with tall stature, dolichocephaly, prominent forehead, narrow nasal ridge, mild retrognathia, subcutaneous fat reduction, bilateral entropion of both eyelids, high arched palate, long fingers, and mild hyperextensible finger joints as a case of Marfanoid-progeroid-lipodystrophy syndrome. Genetic investigation revealed a heterozygous variant NC_000015.10(NM_000138.5):c.8226+5G>A in the FBN1 gene. Skipping of exon 65 and escaping nonsense-mediated decay followed by frameshift were experimentally confirmed in the proband’s mRNA.

The current gold standard for preserving vascularized composite allografts (VCA) is 4°C static cold storage (SCS), albeit muscle vulnerability to ischemia can be described as early as after 2 h of SCS. Alternatively, machine perfusion (MP) is growing in the world of organ preservation. Herein, we investigated the outcomes of oxygenated acellular subnormothermic machine perfusion (SNMP) for 24-h VCA preservation before allotransplantation in a swine model. Six partial hindlimbs were procured on adult pigs and preserved ex vivo for 24 h with either SNMP (n = 3) or SCS (n = 3) before heterotopic allotransplantation. Recipient animals received immunosuppression and were followed up for 14 days. Clinical monitoring was carried out twice daily, and graft biopsies and blood samples were regularly collected. Two blinded pathologists assessed skin and muscle samples. Overall survival was higher in the SNMP group. Early euthanasia of 2 animals in the SCS group was linked to significant graft degeneration. Analyses of the grafts showed massive muscle degeneration in the SCS group and a normal aspect in the SNMP group 2 weeks after allotransplantation. Therefore, this 24-h SNMP protocol using a modified Steen solution generated better clinical and histological outcomes in allotransplantation when compared to time-matched SCS.

# Background Adolescent dancers are at high risk for injuries due to the physical demands of dance training and the physiological changes that occur during adolescence. Though studies report high injury rates, there are few standardized screening tools available for adolescent dancers. # Hypothesis/Purpose To develop and describe a standardized, feasible, evidence-based, and clinically relevant screen for adolescent dancers. # Study Design Descriptive Epidemiology Study # Methods Dancers at two suburban pre-professional dance studios, in two cohorts, participated in the Columbia Adolescent Dancer Screen (CADS) that includes dance injury history, health questionnaires (EAT-26, SF-36, DFOS), aerobic capacity, range of motion, strength, balance/orthopedic special tests, and dance technique. Participants were asked to complete a weekly injury surveillance questionnaire derived from the Dance-Specific Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems for 14 weeks following the screening. Feasibility was assessed using process and content analysis in four areas: practicality, demand, implementation, and adaptation. # Results Descriptive data were collected from 32 female dancers aged 11-17 with cohort one averaging 18.57 dance hours per week and cohort two averaging 10.6 dance hours per week. The screen was practical, able to screen seven to eight dancers per hour utilizing nine assessors and requiring a one-hour commitment from dancers. Cost and space requirements were considered and kept to a minimum while utilizing portable equipment. All screening slots were filled with all dancers agreeing to follow-up injury surveillance, indicating high demand. The screen was implemented with two cohorts with revisions to improve efficiency applied for the second cohort. # Conclusion The CADS is a feasible screening tool for adolescent dancers that overcomes barriers by being pragmatic, evidence-based, and efficient. Screening can be implemented to obtain baseline values, inform wellness recommendations, and establish relationships with medical professionals. # Level of Evidence Level 3b

BACKGROUND: Stem cell culture medium is garnering attention because it comprises growth factors and exosomes secreted by stem cells. In this study, stem cell culture medium was subjected to electric field stimulation using the cells alive system (CAS) to determine the antiaging effects of this medium on dermal fibroblasts. METHODS: The medium was added to the monolayer cultures of human fibroblasts with or without 100 μg/mL advanced glycation end products (AGE), and the cells were incubated for 4 hours. Total RNA was extracted, and mRNA levels of several AGE receptors and heat shock proteins were measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain rection (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Similar amounts of exosomes were extracted from the supernatants of stem cells cultured with (CAS+) and without (CAS−) electric field stimulation. The results demonstrated that CAS+ had a higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity than CAS−, indicating its high antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the expression of domain-containing link scavenger receptor-1 mRNA, which is involved in the degradation of cell surface receptors for AGE under glycation stress, significantly increased. The electric field stimulation also increased the expression of several heat shock proteins, which play important roles in cellular responses generated against glycation stress. The electric field stimulation of the stem cell culture medium effectively promoted the endocytosis and degradation of AGE, thereby exerting antioxidant effects and inducing glycation stress. CONCLUSION: Electric field stimulation of stem cell culture medium enhanced the expression of Hsp and its antioxidant activity in fibroblasts. KEYWORDS: AGE, electric field stimulation, exosome, fibroblast, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, stem cell

Abstract Increased sedentary behaviour (SB) is reportedly associated with mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular disease. However, its relation with physical function is not well understood in phase I cardiac rehabilitation (CR). This study aimed to investigate the rate of SB and the relation between SB and physical function among patients participating in phase I CR. This prospective multicentre cohort study enrolled patients participating in CR from October 2020 to July 2022. Patients with probable dementia and difficulty walking alone were excluded. We used sitting SB time as the index of SB and the Short Performance Physical Battery (SPPB) as the index of physical function at discharge. Patients were divided into the low SB group (