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Genomic structural variants (SVs) play a pivotal role in driving the evolution of hematologic malignancies, particularly in leukemia, in which genetic abnormalities are crucial features. Detecting SVs is essential for achieving precise diagnosis and prognosis in these cases. Karyotyping, often complemented by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or chromosomal microarray analysis, provides standard diagnostic outcomes for various types of SVs in front‐line testing for leukemia. Recently, optical genome mapping (OGM) has emerged as a promising technique due to its ability to detect all SVs identified by other cytogenetic methods within one single assay. Furthermore, OGM has revealed additional clinically significant SVs in various clinical laboratories, underscoring its considerable potential for enhancing front‐line testing in cases of leukemia. This review aims to elucidate the principles of conventional cytogenetic techniques and OGM, with a focus on the technical performance of OGM and its applications in diagnosing and prognosticating myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explored the impact of the meteorological factors air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed on teams' technical performance during the Union of European Football Associations Champions League (UCL). Technical match statistics were collected for five seasons (2016/2017--2020/2021). Thirty-one technical actions and events were categorized into three groups (goal scoring, offense, and defence). Meteorological data were collected from the official UEFA website (air temperature (°C): 11.59 ± 6.87, relative humidity (%): 71.40 ± 17.82, wind speed (km/h): 11.52 ± 7.02). LASSO regression analysis was employed to identify important indicators that affect match outcomes, while separate Poisson regression models were used in generalized linear modelling to determine the effects of meteorological factors on key technical performance indicators. The results revealed that offensive variables were instrumental in distinguishing match outcomes (winning, drawing, and losing), with meteorological factors significantly influencing these variables. Notably, "shot from counter attack" was the most significantly affected variable, being exclusively influenced by air temperature (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.98). Two technical indicators, "dribbles won" and "shots from the 6-yard box," were both significantly influenced by two meteorological factors. "Cards per foul," an understudied variable, displayed a close association with all the three meteorological factors. These findings offer valuable insights for coaches and analysts in comprehending the influence of meteorological conditions on crucial technical variables during the performance evaluation of teams. Moreover, they provide valuable information to help coaches devise appropriate tactics for players before or during a match, considering the potential changes in meteorological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the wide application of deep learning technology in various fields, its potential in artistic creation has gradually attracted attention. This research focuses on the application of deep learning in the creation of traditional Chinese landscape painting and its cultural and aesthetic impact. First, the research comprehensively analyzes the existing deep learning algorithms and the basic elements of Chinese landscape painting to determine the most suitable model architecture. Then, through several rounds of experiments, various training parameters are adjusted and the optimal network configuration is determined. In terms of assessment, the study uses a variety of indicators, including visual quality and technical performance, as well as in-depth cultural and aesthetic analysis. The results show that deep learning not only effectively improves visual quality and technical performance, but also has a positive impact on culture and aesthetics. Although there are some limitations, such as high computational requirements and reliance on large amounts of training data, corresponding solutions are also proposed. This study provides a powerful experimental basis for the integration of Chinese traditional art and modern science and technology, and promotes the research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. This study aimed to compare the effects of wrestling and sumo wrestling as similar combat sports activities in a training program on technical wrestling scores, wrestling performance indexes, and intrinsic motivation in youth practitioners. Materials and methods. A randomized controlled trial using a single-blinded design, and repeated measures of parallel groups (sumo-based group: EG, n = 19, aged = 12.42 ± 0.87 years; and only wrestling group: CG, n = 19, aged = 12.41 ± 0.78 years) was conducted. Three 65-minute weekly sessions for four weeks were dedicated to the interventions. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to assess the group vs. time impact analysis. Results. The findings revealed a significant interaction between the variables, whereby higher values were observed for technical wrestling scores on the attempted head and arm throw test (F1;18 = 356.2; p

Background: Soccer match outcomes rely on technical accuracy, intensity of play, and athlete motivation, and these parameters can be developed during sport-specific practice such as during small-sided games (SSGs). Verbal encouragement as a coaching technique improves exercise intensity and athlete enjoyment (indicative of motivation), but the impact on technical performance alongside these critical parameters remains unknown. Purpose: To examine the effects of verbal encouragement on technical performance, exercise intensity, and enjoyment during SSGs. Methods: Sixteen male youth soccer players (mean [SD]; age: 17.2 [0.4] y; height: 176.3 [7.0] cm; body mass: 68.0 [4.1] kg; body fat: 11.9% [2.2%]) completed 4 sessions of 4-per-side SSG without a goalkeeper. Two sessions were conducted as SSGs with verbal encouragement and 2 without verbal encouragement. Each SSG lasted 25 minutes (4 × 4-min work, 3-min passive recovery between bouts) on a 25 × 35-m pitch. Heart rate (HR) was continuously recorded, and rating of perceived exertion was collected after each SSG. Video analysis was used to quantify technical actions during SSG. Enjoyment was assessed after each SSG using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. Results: Paired t tests revealed that SSGs with verbal encouragement induced higher HR (% maximum HR and mean HR), rating of perceived exertion, and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale score than SSGs without verbal encouragement (all P <.001, all d ≥ 0.92, large). Compared with SSGs without verbal encouragement, SSGs with verbal encouragement resulted in an increased percentage of successful passes (P <.001, d = 0.73, medium) and number of interceptions (P <.001, d = 0.89, large) and fewer lost balls (P <.001, d = 0.68, medium). Conclusions: Coaches should use verbal encouragement during SSGs to improve physical effort, technical performance, and psychological status in soccer players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sorghum is a plant with broad adaptability, is resistant to drought, and is very suitable in marginal areas. Sorghum plants contain 7% to 17% seed composition and 83% to 93% leaf stems. At harvest, the moisture content of seeds is 20% to 30%, and the stem is around 76% to 88%. Several stages are carried out after the sorghum harvesting process, and one of them is threshing the sorghum seeds. The threshing of sorghum seeds requires a hold-on threshing machine so seeds can be threshed immediately after harvest, and the stems from sorghum plants can be chopped directly for cattle feed. This study aims to design and test the performance of a hold-on type sorghum threshing machine that can be used to thresh sorghum seeds immediately after harvesting at a grain moisture content of around 20% to 30%. The methods used include problem considerations, the preparation of structural designs, functional designs, manufacturing drawing designs, and manufacturing functional and performance testing. The results of testing the performance of the threshing machine revealed that the working capacity of the machine was affected by rod clamp rotation, the threshing cylinder, and the moisture content of sorghum seeds. The cleanliness level of sorghum seeds is above 90%, while the level of seed damage ranges from 0% to 1%.

This study aimed to compare match performance in the group and knockout stage of the UEFA Champions League (UCL) for players in different playing positions. The information on physical and technical performances was collected during all UCL matches (n=125) in the 2022/23 season. Players' observations (n=1387) were classified according to their playing positions as central defender (CD; n=471), fullback (FB; n=283), central midfielder (CM; n=376), winger (WM; n=137) and forward (FW; n=104). No differences in technical performance between the group and knockout stage were found for CDs, FBs, CMs, and WMs, while only FWs achieved significantly less shots on target (Cohen's d (d=0.46), total passes (d=0.54), successful passes (d=0.49), and more duels (d=0.39) in the knockout compared to the group stage. The CDs, CMs, and WMs covered greater distance at moderate (d=0.46-0.63) and high (d=0.29-0.38) speeds in the knockout compared to the group stage, while no differences in physical performance between the group and knockout stage were found for FBs and FWs. This study demonstrated that (i) the technical performance of UCL players was in general stable irrespective of the competition stage, (ii) matches played in the knockout stage were characterized by greater match intensity compared to the matches played in the group stage of UCL for CDs, CMs, and WMs. These findings may help football coaches in the decision-making process when selecting the players for specific matches and designing training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: In radiation therapy, surface guidance can be used for patient setup and intra‐fraction motion monitoring. The surface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) system from Varian Medical systems, IDENTIFYTM, consists of three pods, including cameras and a random pattern projector, mounted on the ceiling. The information captured by the cameras is used to make a reconstruction of the surface. The aim of the study was to assess the technical performance of this SGRT system on a closed‐bore linac. Methods: Phantom measurements were performed to assess the accuracy, precision, reproducibility and temporal stability of the system, both in align and in load position. Translations of the phantoms in lateral, longitudinal, and vertical direction, and rotations around three axes (pitch, roll and yaw) were performed with an accurate, in‐house built, positioning stage. Different phantom geometries and different surface colors were used, and various ambient light intensities were tested. Results: The accuracy of the IDENTIFYTM system at the closed‐bore linac was 0.07 mm and 0.07 degrees at load position, and 0.06 mm and 0.01 degrees at align position for the white head phantom. The precision was 0.02 mm and 0.02 degrees in load position, and 0.01 mm and 0.02 degrees in align position. The accuracy for the Penta‐Guide phantom was comparable to the white head phantom, with 0.06 mm and 0.01 degrees in align position. The system was slightly less accurate for translations of the CIRS lung phantom in align position (0.20 mm, 0.05 degrees). Reproducibility measurements showed a variation of 0.02 mm in load position. Regarding the temporal stability, the maximum drift over 30 min was 0.33 mm and 0.02 degrees in load position. No effect of ambient light level on the accuracy of the IDENTIFYTM system was observed. Regarding different surface colors, the accuracy of the system for a black phantom was slightly worse compared to a white surface, but not clinical relevant. Conclusion: The IDENTIFYTM system can adequately be used for motion monitoring on a closed‐bore linac with submillimeter accuracy. The results of the performed measurements meet the clinical requirements described in the guidelines of the AAPM and the ESTRO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the effect of using augmented video feedback (AVF)-verbal encouragement feedback (VEF) on the motivation and technical performance of novice cricket athletes. A true experimental method with a random control trial (RCT) design for 11 weeks was adopted in this study. 60 beginner male cricket athletes from the State University of Jakarta (Indonesia) were involved asparticipants in this research. They were divided into two groups, experimental (AVF-VEF, n = 30, 19.2 ± 1.06 years) and control (CG, n = 30,18.9 ± 1.17 years) one. Sport motivation scale-II (SMS-II) and batting, bowling, and fielding were chosen as instruments. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA conducted on motivation and technical performance tests showed a significant effect of Time (all, p

Cropping systems and crop combinations are among vital practices to improve land utilisation with the limited arable land resource. Combinations of maize with legumes are common in Cameroon, but there is a knowledge gap on locality specificity of the best cropping system and maize/legume combination for sustained production. The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research farm, University of Buea. Different cropping systems and crop combinations were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 13 treatments replicated three times. Data collected for vigour and yield parameters, were analyzed for significance using a two-way ANOVA and treatment means compared using Tukey HSD at 5 % probability, while additional data, were analysed for land equivalent and benefit-cost ratio. The findings reveal no significant differences in the yield of maize under different cropping systems, except for maize-dwarf bean mix cropping system (MDBM), which recorded the lowest yield (3.9 t/ha), with maize soybean intercropping (MSBI), recording the highest yield (5.9 t/ha) for maize. Indeterminate legumes (cowpea and climbing beans) recorded significant results for yield (MCPI = 1.7 t/ha; MCBI = 1.8 t/ha) under intercropping system. Likewise, determinate legumes (dwarf beans and soybeans) also recorded significant results for yield (DB = 2.2 t/ha; SB = 3.5 t/ha) under mono cropping system. Land equivalent ratios for intercropping and mixed cropping systems were highest with MCBI = 1.93 and MCBM = 1.76 and the benefit-cost ratios for intercropping and mixed cropping were >1, with MSBI recording the highest ratio of 3.5, followed by MSBM = 3.3. Intercropping and mixed cropping systems and crop combinations were advantageous over monocropping as they gave better land equivalent and benefit-cost ratio. This study provides meaningful findings in bridging the knowledge gap on locality specificity of the best cropping systems and maize/legume combination, for sustained production, locally and nationally. The contribution to the sustainable development goals (SDG), are multidimensional: The enhancement of food security through improved crop yields (SDG2); the promotion of agricultural practices that mitigate environmental degradation (SDG13) and lastly, advocating for biodiversity conservation through the adoption of sustainable cropping systems (SDG15).

The use of discrete and continuous instantaneous strength training is a modern method that can develop the level of mechanical ability and achieve development in some biomechanical variables. The aim is to identify the use of continuous and discrete and continuous instantaneous strength, in developing the explosive ability, and the technical performance according to some biomechanical variables, and its direct impact on the development of the achievement of the Athletics for advanced in the long jump, the researcher hypothesized that there are significant statistical differences in the explosive ability and the technical performance According to some biomechanical variables and the achievement of the Athletics for advanced in the long jump, the researcher used the experimental method on a sample of (11) jumpers, representing the total research community. The research was applied to a sample of (8) jumpers From the National Center for Sporting Talent (Athletics for advanced) for applicants aged (17-21), for the season (2022-2023). Result: An increase in strength and speed was determined due to the use of special exercises using arm and leg weights. As a result of the measurements, Approach speed (Pre-test: 8.01±0.15; post-tes: 9.97±0.57), The Cruising Angle (Pre-test: 21.60±0.852; post-tes: 23.10±0.721) and Measurement pushing force (Pre-test: 23.10±0.721). test: 156.23±11.6; post-test: 310.12±37.7), High Jump (Pre-test: 5.75±0.21; post-test: 6.10±0.04) it was determined that there was an increase. In conludes; the researcher concluded that it is necessary to pay attention to technical performance during the performance of athletics activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to determine whether some stability exercises performed on the floor exercise mat to increase core strength would improve the technical application level of students. Method: A sample of 39 young male students from a university (age = 22.1±1.2 years, height = 170.3±6.5 cm, weight 65.2±8.7 kg, Body Mass Index = 22.5±2.8) participated in the study. The participants were into the control group (n=19) and experimental group (n=20) completed pre-tests and post-tests. The CS was assessed by the Stability Movement Push-ups, Abdominals, Back, Pull-ups, Headstand. The results of the paired samples t-tests show that the experimental group had a significant improvement in the mean scores for all four movements on the post-test compared to the pre-test. The mean score for the push-ups increased from 4.9±1.2 to 7.5±1.3 (t(14)=-10.78, p<0.001), the mean score for the abdominals and headstand increased from 4.6±1.0 to 7.0±1.2 (t(14)=-10.14, p<0.001), the mean score for the back and handstand increased from 4.8±1.1 to 6.9±1.2 (t(14)=-7.86, p<0.001), and the mean score for the pull-ups increased from 4.7±1.0 to 7.3±1.1 (t(14)=-11.47, p<0.001). Since the p values of the four movements are lower than 0.001, it is seen that there is a statistically significant difference between the scores obtained in the pre-test and the scores obtained in the post-test. According to the results, working out the core muscles may help enhance the technical execution of stability exercises performed on the mat or floor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal: This article proposes a decision model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process that allows carrying out the evaluation of alternatives in a multicriteria problem, without expert judgement. Design / Methodology / Approach: The algorithm is based on AHP. The novelty is the transformation of a performance data matrix into pairwise evaluation matrices, instead of using experts'judgement. Results: The algorithm was applied in a defense procurement problem for the choice of a light 4x4 vehicle for amphibious operations. The results allowed ranking the 17 models based on catalog data. Limitations of the investigation: the algorithm depends on the availability of catalog data, not always available in open sources in the defense industry. Practical implications: Decision support involves several activities in Operations Management and AHP has been frequently applied to solve problems in this sector. The proposed algorithm allows performing deterministic or probabilistic evaluations, depending on the degree of uncertainty and precision involving the systems' performance data. These assessments are composed of scenarios to facilitate decision making. Originality / Value: AHP typically uses experts for pairwise judgments. However, human judgment is subject to outcomes that involve bias and cognitive distortions. Few studies have modeled the AHP without experts, even so they used human judgment in some part of the process. The approach proposed here does not require human judgment and returns two different results, based on the database precision. This new approach gives decision makers a different perspective and can alter the final choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we proposed novel metrics for evaluating volleyball technical performance in relation to the action context. To assess each player's relative participation, we also introduced relative contextual coefficients. We analyzed 20 games played by the world's top eight teams during the 2019 FIVB Women's Club World Championship, using Data Volley software and Python programming. We evaluated inter- and intra-observer reliability and used binomial logistic regression models to estimate each variable's probability of having contributed to the team's set win. We calculated estimated confidence intervals, standard errors, and Wald values; and we employed Akaike's and Bayesian criteria to evaluate the model's goodness of fit. We identified optimal cut-off points using receiver operating characteristic curves, and we found that the proposed contextual evaluation coefficients prevented overestimation of a player's technical performance in uneven situations. We addressed the issue in which the winning team may be the one that scored the fewest points, and we were able to predict a team's victory with confidence. The proposed coefficients made multiple technical and contextual aspects of the game easily accessible and comprehensible, offering significant beneficial implications for coaches and players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Substitutions are generally used to promote the match performance of the whole team. This study aimed to analyze the performance of substitute players and explore the performance difference among substitute players, completed players, and replaced players across each position. Methods Chinese Super Soccer League (CSL) matches in the season 2018 including 5871 individual observation from 395 professional soccer players were analyzed by establishing linear mixed models to quantify the performance difference among substitute players (SP) (n = 1,071), entire match players (EMP) (n = 3,454), and replaced players (RP) (n = 1,346), and then separately for each position (central defenders, fullbacks, central midfielders, wide midfielders, and attackers). Results The results show SP display higher high intensity distance and sprint distance significantly (p

Abstract Background The embedded participant (EP) plays a key role during a full scale/high-fidelity simulation (HFS) session. He/she is expected to guide the learner towards the achievement of the educational objectives of the scenario. However, his/her influence on learners’ performance stands undetermined and this effect remains briefly addressed in the literature. This study primarily aims to assess whether the EP could have an influence on the performance of the learner during a HFS scenario. The secondary aim was to establish an inventory of the EP practices in France. Methods This retrospective study was conducted in Lyon Claude Bernard University Health Simulation Centre (France). Anaesthesia and critical care residents in postgraduate years 1 to 5 who were scheduled for their HFS sessions during the 2016 to 2021 academic years were included. Two investigators independently evaluated the resident performance regarding both technical and non-technical skills from video recordings. In addition, a nationwide survey was sent out by email through the networks of the Francophone Healthcare Simulation Society (SoFraSimS, Société Francophone de Simulation en Santé) to collect information on EP practices in French-speaking Simulation centres. Results From a total of 344 HFS videos analysed, a cohort of 19 experienced EPs was identified. The EPs had an influence on the technical and non-technical performances of the learners. The 147 responses to the survey showed that predefined rules of EP good practice existed in only 36% of the simulation centres and 65% of respondents believed that specific EP training would be justified. Conclusion The EP can exert an influence on the performance of the learners during HFS. For acting as an EP, a great variability of practices and a lack of training are reported by professionals working in simulation centres. These results suggest that more attention must be paid to EP training and attitudes during simulation, especially if summative simulations are extensively developed.

The study assessed the technical performance and economic viability of a 200 kg capacity biomass-powered inclined bed dryer for drying maize. The dryer recorded an average air temperature of 73.54˚C in the plenum, which reduced the moisture content from 23.25% (w.b) to 13.61% (w.b) at a drying time of 2 hours 40 minutes. This resulted in a drying rate, drying efficiency, and specific energy consumption of 9.50 kg/h, 71.37%, and 25.70 MJ/kg, respectively. The germination potential of dried maize grains was 80% compared to 93% for grains assessed before drying. Stress-crack analysis revealed a lower percentage of no-cracks for dried maize (71%) than maize gains before drying (98%). There was a statistically significant difference between the dried and the undried maize grains for germination viability (p = 0.01) and stress crack analysis (p = 0.00) at α=0.05. At a drying charge of US$ 2.4 per 100 kg bag of maize, the investment cost could be regained at a pay-back period of 6 months and 15 operation days and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.27. The drying system is economically viable at net present value of US$ 1313.48 and internal rate of return of 44%. Evidently, adopting the dryer could contribute to reducing post-harvest loss of maize at the smallholder level and increase farmer's income.

Goal: This article proposes a decision model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process that allows carrying out the evaluation of alternatives in a multicriteria problem, without expert judgement. Design / Methodology / Approach: The algorithm is based on AHP. The novelty is the transformation of a performance data matrix into pairwise evaluation matrices, instead of using experts’ judgement. Results: The algorithm was applied in a defense procurement problem for the choice of a light 4x4 vehicle for amphibious operations. The results allowed ranking the 17 models based on catalog data. Limitations of the investigation: the algorithm depends on the availability of catalog data, not always available in open sources in the defense industry. Practical implications: Decision support involves several activities in Operations Management and AHP has been frequently applied to solve problems in this sector. The proposed algorithm allows performing deterministic or probabilistic evaluations, depending on the degree of uncertainty and precision involving the systems’ performance data. These assessments are composed of scenarios to facilitate decision making. Originality / Value: AHP typically uses experts for pairwise judgments. However, human judgment is subject to outcomes that involve bias and cognitive distortions. Few studies have modeled the AHP without experts, even so they used human judgment in some part of the process. The approach proposed here does not require human judgment and returns two different results, based on the database precision. This new approach gives decision makers a different perspective and can alter the final choice.

This study aimed to identify the effects of playing with additional individual (IND), collective (COL) or individual-collective (MIX) variability on youth football players' performance during small-sided games. Twelve youth football players (U17, age = 16.1 ± 0.9 years) played a goalkeeper (Gk) + 6 outfield players a-side (Gk+6vs6+Gk) under four conditions: (i) playing in the 1:2:3:1 formation without any other rule (control condition, CTR); (ii) 1:2:3:1 formation with additional body restrictions changing each minute (individual condition, IND); (iii) using different tactical formations modified each minute (collective condition, COL; (iv) using different tactical formations and body restrictions varied each minute (individual-collective condition, MIX). Generally, there were similar behaviours across conditions, especially for the CTR and the MIX. Nevertheless, the CTR condition presented moderate higher values in the lateral direction (p ≤.05), while also higher longitudinal synchronization compared to the IND (p ≤.05). The COL condition presented higher spatial exploration (p ≤.05), which may justify the higher values for distance covered while running and sprinting (p ≤.05). Overall, coaches may use the IND condition to refine players' technical actions, while the COL condition to develop players' ability to perform in different playing positions and team structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of surgical resident technical performance is an integral component of any surgical training program. Timely assessment delivered in a structured format is a critical step to enhance technical skills, but residents often report that the quality and quantity of timely feedback received is lacking. Moreover, the absence of written feedback with specificity can allow residents to seemingly progress in their operative milestones as a junior resident, but struggle as they progress into their postgraduate year 3 and above. We therefore designed and implemented a web-based intraoperative assessment tool and corresponding summary "dashboard" to facilitate real-time assessment and documentation of technical performance. A web form was designed leveraging a cloud computing platform and implementing a modified Ottawa Surgical Competency Operating Room Evaluation instrument; this included additional, procedure-specific criteria for select operations. A link to this was provided to residents via email and to all surgical faculty as a Quick Response code. Residents open and complete a portion of the form on a smartphone, then relinquish the device to an attending surgeon who then completes and submits the assessment. The data are then transferred to a secure web-based reporting interface; each resident (together with a faculty advisor) can then access and review all completed assessments. The Assessment form was activated in June 2021 and formally introduced to all residents in July 2021, with residents required to complete at least one assessment per month. Residents with less predictable access to operative procedures (night float or Intensive Care Unit) were exempted from the requirement on those months. To date a total of 559 assessments have been completed for operations performed by 56 trainees, supervised by 122 surgical faculty and senior trainees. The mean number of procedures assessed per resident was 10.0 and the mean number per assessor was 4.6. Resident initiation of Intraoperative Assessments has increased since the tool was introduced and scores for technical and nontechnical performance reliably differentiate residents by seniority. This novel system demonstrates that an online, resident-initiated technical assessment tool is feasible to implement and scale. This model's requirement that the attending enter performance ratings into the trainee's electronic device ensures that feedback is delivered directly to the trainee. Whether this aspect of our assessment ensures more direct and specific (and therefore potentially actionable) feedback is a focus for future study. Our use of commercial cloud computing services should permit cost-effective adoption of similar systems at other training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background : Substitutions are generally used to promote the match performance of the whole team. This study aimed to analyze the performance of substitute players and explore the performance difference among substitute players, completed players, and replaced players across each position. Methods: Chinese Super Soccer League (CSL) matches in the season 2018 including 5871 individual observation from 395 professional soccer players were analyzed by establishing linear mixed models to quantify the performance difference among substitute players (SP) (n = 1,071), entire match players (EMP) (n = 3,454), and replaced players (RP) (n = 1,346), and then separately for each position (central defenders, fullbacks, central midfielders, wide midfielders, and attackers). Results: The results show SP display higher high intensity distance and sprint distance significantly (p < 0.05) relative to playing time than RP and EMP. SP in offensive positions (attackers, wide midfielders) showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) passing and organizing performance such as passes, ball control, short passes, and long passes than RP or EMP. The scoring performances of central midfielders of SP including goals, shots, and shots on target are significantly higher (p < 0.05) than RP or EMP. Central defenders of SP showed higher shot blocks and pass blocks (p < 0.05) while lower passing and organizing performance (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Depending on different playing positions, substitute players could indeed improve physical and technical performance related to scoring, passing, and defending as offensive substitute players can boost organizing performance and substitute defenders enhance defending performance. These could help coaches better understand substitute players' influence on match performance and optimize the substitution tactic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The embedded participant (EP) plays a key role during a full scale/high-fidelity simulation (HFS) session. He/she is expected to guide the learner towards the achievement of the educational objectives of the scenario. However, his/her influence on learners' performance stands undetermined and this effect remains briefly addressed in the literature. This study primarily aims to assess whether the EP could have an influence on the performance of the learner during a HFS scenario. The secondary aim was to establish an inventory of the EP practices in France. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Lyon Claude Bernard University Health Simulation Centre (France). Anaesthesia and critical care residents in postgraduate years 1 to 5 who were scheduled for their HFS sessions during the 2016 to 2021 academic years were included. Two investigators independently evaluated the resident performance regarding both technical and non-technical skills from video recordings. In addition, a nationwide survey was sent out by email through the networks of the Francophone Healthcare Simulation Society (SoFraSimS, Société Francophone de Simulation en Santé) to collect information on EP practices in French-speaking Simulation centres. Results: From a total of 344 HFS videos analysed, a cohort of 19 experienced EPs was identified. The EPs had an influence on the technical and non-technical performances of the learners. The 147 responses to the survey showed that predefined rules of EP good practice existed in only 36% of the simulation centres and 65% of respondents believed that specific EP training would be justified. Conclusion: The EP can exert an influence on the performance of the learners during HFS. For acting as an EP, a great variability of practices and a lack of training are reported by professionals working in simulation centres. These results suggest that more attention must be paid to EP training and attitudes during simulation, especially if summative simulations are extensively developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effect of a morning priming session consisted of stretching, mobility, core and lower-body resistance, and reactive agility exercises on match performance in elite-level soccer players. Information on physical and technical performance was collected during competitive matches (n = 32) and subsequently classified as those preceded or not preceded by a priming session. Results showed significantly increased (i) distance covered overall (Cohen's d (d) = 0.34, p = 0.011), in moderate-intensity (d = 0.52, p = 0.001) and high-intensity running (d = 0.30, p = 0.024), and (ii) frequency of duels (d = 0.26, p = 0.050) in matches preceded by a priming session compared to those not preceded by a priming session. These findings show that players' physical performance was notably enhanced due to the pre-match routines that the team implemented on match day, while technical performance was in general similar irrespective of whether a priming session was implemented or not before the match. Therefore, morning priming session implemented on match day can be recommended as an effective pre-match strategy to increase players' physical performance in soccer without negative consequences on technical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effects of partial and total substitutions of fossil polypropylene (PP) for recycled plastic cap equivalents in the manufacture of signage labels used by the telephone industry. Four alternative scenarios to using virgin PP were evaluated considering recycled material in flake and pellet forms based on environmental performance, degree of circularity, and technical behavior. The environmental analysis was performed by the life cycle assessment (LCA) technique, and for all impact categories evaluated, using recycled material to replace the virgin reduced adverse effects on the environment. The most significant results in this dimension, with gains of 81% in the Global Environmental Indicator, occurred when recycled PP flakes entirely replaced the fossil polymer. Once again, the highest values of the Materials Circularity Indicator (MCI) were achieved by scenarios with full recycled resin in processing the tags; however, this product must also be reused. The mechanical behavior of the tags measured technical performance, and in this case, the product made with virgin PP outperformed the recycled options except for elongation. An analysis that integrated the three dimensions into a single performance index pointed to the complete substitution of virgin material for recycled as the most balanced option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE We aimed to examine the effects of limiting the number of ball touches on the physical and technical performances of junior football players during small-sided games (SSGs), which are widely used to improve football-specific physical and technical performances. METHODS Nineteen middle-school football players participated in the study and took a pretest for their physical and technical skills to be evaluated before the main experiment. During the SSG, to balance teams according to the players’ levels of physical fitness and skill, we selected players with the highest to lowest total scores and organized them in an ABBA order. Ten players who obtained the highest scores participated in the SSG once a week for 5 weeks under the limitation of a certain number of ball touches (one, two, three, four, or free touches). Players could only play with a set number of touches. Each SSG consisted of 4-min sets with 4-min breaks after each set on a pitch with a goal. RESULTS As the number of possible touches increased, the total distance and average speed of the players increased, and the distance ratio covered by running (over 13 km/h), but not walking or jogging, also increased. Regarding technical factors, as the number of touches a player could make increased, the number of passes decreased, whereas the rates of dribbles and defensive tackles increased. CONCLUSIONS As the number of ball touches increased during the SSG, the young players covered a greater distance with a higher speed, unlike professional players, and the frequency of skills mostly used, such as passing and dribbling during the SSG, showed different results.

This paper presents the implementation of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) in Tanzania’s road transportation sector. The peculiarity of this analysis is the evaluation of the technical and economic performance of the converted gasoline and diesel engines to use compressed natural gas (CNG) as the cleanest-burning hydrocarbon. The technical performance involved vehicle mileage (MiCNG), fuel consumption (Fcons), speed drop, engine fuel enhancement (Fenh), and fuel saving, while the economic performance involved conversion cost (Cc), fuel cost saving (FCsaving), and payback (PB). Considering the conversion of gasoline vehicles, the MiCNG could reach an average of 100 to 500 km per filling, depending on the CNG cylinder size. The Fenh and fuel saving were ranging between 1.9 and 3.9 and 71 and 78%. With a proportion of 30:70 diesel-CNG fuel, the heavy-duty truck with 180 kg of CNG could reach 1300 km, saving about 440 L, which is 78.6% per roundtrip, while the medium passenger car with 15 kg of CNG could reach 350 km, presenting a fuel saving of about 75%. From an economic point of view, gasoline retrofitted NGVs cost about 50 to 200 TZS/km, yielding a fuel cost saving of up to 79% and starting to pay off between 2 and 7 months or 10,000 and 40,000 km, depending on the engine capacity. Considering dual fuel, the heavy-duty truck consumes about 496 TZS/km, saving about 62.3% of diesel fuel and starting to pay off after 2.5 months or 29,304 km. To conclude, NGV technologies have been successfully implemented in Tanzania’s road transportation sector, presenting significant fuel savings and reducing reliance on imported oil. While taking measures, this study paves a way for Tanzania and other sub-Saharan countries to promote NGV growth.

This paper aims to raise awareness regarding the obstacles limiting alkali-activated binders' (AABs) application as a sustainable solution in the construction industry. Such an evaluation is essential in this industry, which has been introducing a wide range of alternatives to cement binders yet achieved limited utilisation. It has been recognised that technical, environmental, and economic performance should be investigated for the broader adoption of alternative construction materials. Based on this approach, a state-of-the-art review was conducted to identify the key factors to consider when developing AABs. It was identified that AABs' adverse performance compared to conventional cement-based materials mainly depends on the choice of which precursors and alkali activators to employ and the regionalised practices adopted (i.e., transportation, energy sources, and data on raw materials). In light of the available literature, increasing attention to incorporating alternative alkali activators and precursors by utilising agricultural and industrial by-products and/or waste seems to be a viable option for optimising the balance between AABs' technical, environmental, and economic performance. With regard to improving the circularity practices in this sector, employing construction and demolition waste as raw materials has been acknowledged as a feasible strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education (20736452) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sport Sciences / Magallat ulum Al-Riyadat is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Swimming is one of the sports with great muscular effort and complex motor performance that requires coordination and harmony between the movements of the parts of the body contributing to performance that defies the limits of humans. The development of physical abilities and the improvement of technical performance can only be separated from the support of scientific theories and technology, in order to improve training methods and feedback system based on the fusion of information and data using modern sensors and information collection system. On the performance and mechanical conditions of the swimmer to help develop performance and achievement, the researchers used for this purpose a device (Triton Wear data sensor) to collect information and feedback on performance, to prepare special exercises and correct thereal-time performance of 50 m swimmers. The research was conducted on a sample of swimmers amounting to (6) young swimmers whose technical and mechanical data was extracted after wearing the sensor under the head cover of each swimmer, and the performance data was analyzed on this system, and the experiment lasted for six weeks, during which special exercises and feedback were given. Instantaneous based on the sensor data of each member of the sample, and after conducting post-tests, it was shown that the exercises and feedback based on the sensor technology, had a direct impact on the improvement of the average performance of the sample in the 50-meter freestyle race and the improvement of all biomechanical values (such as average speed, frequency and length, acceleration and instantaneous strength) This improvement indicated that data collection and nutrition Using the sensor's multi-information fusion can be applied more precisely and differently in the training of different swimming races, and can find many motor problems in sports swimmers to describe training solutions for them, both for specific parts of the body and the body as a whole. Techniques for accurately identifying this valuable information can therefore be used for quantitative biomechanical analysis. And to reach the training process.

Multiparametric quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) offer distinct advantages over single, univariate descriptors because they provide a more complete measure of complex, multidimensional biological systems. In disease, where structural and functional disturbances occur across a multitude of subsystems, multivariate QIBs are needed to measure the extent of system malfunction. This paper, the first Use Case in a series of articles on multiparameter imaging biomarkers, considers multiple QIBs as a multidimensional vector to represent all relevant disease constructs more completely. The approach proposed offers several advantages over QIBs as multiple endpoints and avoids combining them into a single composite that obscures the medical meaning of the individual measurements. We focus on establishing statistically rigorous methods to create a single, simultaneous measure from multiple QIBs that preserves the sensitivity of each univariate QIB while incorporating the correlation among QIBs. Details are provided for metrological methods to quantify the technical performance. Methods to reduce the set of QIBs, test the superiority of the mp-QIB model to any univariate QIB model, and design study strategies for generating precision and validity claims are also provided. QIBs of Alzheimer's Disease from the ADNI merge data set are used as a case study to illustrate the methods described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combinations of multiple quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) are often able to predict the likelihood of an event of interest such as death or disease recurrence more effectively than single imaging measurements can alone. The development of such multiparametric quantitative imaging and evaluation of its fitness of use differs from the analogous processes for individual QIBs in several key aspects. A computational procedure to combine the QIB values into a model output must be specified. The output must also be reproducible and be shown to have reasonably strong ability to predict the risk of an event of interest. Attention must be paid to statistical issues not often encountered in the single QIB scenario, including overfitting and bias in the estimates of model performance. This is the fourth in a five-part series on statistical methodology for assessing the technical performance of multiparametric quantitative imaging. Considerations for data acquisition are discussed and recommendations from the literature on methodology to construct and evaluate QIB-based models for risk prediction are summarized. The findings in the literature upon which these recommendations are based are demonstrated through simulation studies. The concepts in this manuscript are applied to a real-life example involving prediction of major adverse cardiac events using automated plaque analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to understand how the design of decision-making tasks affects youth football players' ball control, passing performance, and external load. A total of 16 male youth football players (age: 12.94 ± 0.25 years) competed in various tasks based on the following levels of decision-making: (i) low decision-making (Low DM), which consisted of a predefined ball control and passing sequence; (ii) moderate decision-making (Mod DM), which consisted of maintaining possession in a square with four players and two balls while maintaining the same position; and (iii) high decision-making (High DM), which consisted of a 3 vs. 3 + 2 neutral players ball possession game. The study design consisted of a pre–post design (a 6 min pre-test game, a 6 min intervention, and a 6 min post-test game). The players' ball control and passing performance were measured using the game performance evaluation tool and notational analysis, while GPS data were used to determine their physical performance. The pre–post test analysis revealed decrements in players' ability to identify more offensive players after the Mod DM task (W = 9.50, p = 0.016), while there was an increase in their ability to receive the ball towards the space following the High DM task (t = −2.40, p = 0.016). Analysis between groups showed lower values in most ball control variables for the Low DM task compared to the Mod DM task (ball control execution, p = 0.030; appropriateness, p = 0.031; motor space, p = 0.025), while there were also lower values in the distance covered while sprinting (p = 0.042). Overall, prescriptive tasks (Low DM) that are repetitive in nature may affect players' perceptual attunement, whereas static tasks (e.g., Mod DM) may limit their ability to locate players in more offensive positions. Moreover, game-based situations (High DM) seem to acutely enhance players' performance, possibly due to contextual dependency. Overall, coaches should carefully consider the type of practice structure when designing tasks that aim to improve players' technical skills in youth football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the gradual increase of Chinese engineering and projects in West African counties, it is helpful to investigate the technical performance of typical materials including hard asphalt in West Africa, which can make contributions to the generalization of Chinese engineering technology and experience. Three typical hard asphalts such as Termcotank, DHS and ERES were tested, which were commonly used in West Africa, and the service performance including conventional physical properties, rheological properties, high-and low-performance, fatigue performance. The results indicate that Termcotank asphalt has the best high temperature performance but the insignificant worse low temperature performance, it is suitable for specific needs with strict requirements for high temperature performance. DHS asphalt has better high temperature performance and low temperature performance. It is suitable for both requirements with high-temperature and low-temperature performance. Except for the low temperature ductility of Termcotank asphalt, the three types of hard asphalt all can meet the requirements of Chinese specification. According to the strategic highway research program (SHRP), the performance grade (PG) performance classifications of the two asphalts are PG76-10, PG70-16 and PG70-16 respectively, and the suitable climate zones for the two asphalts are determined based on the PG classification. Meanwhile, the suggested performance indicator is proposed according to the statistical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an asphalt modifier, waste battery powder (WBP) has been proven to be possible. This paper studies the modification effect of WBP on asphalt. The Flight Test Instrumentation Requirements (FITR) of WBP, Dynamic Shear Rheology (DSR) test, and Full Section Fracture Energy Test (FSFET) of asphalt are carried out. The high-temperature rheological properties and low-temperature properties of WBP modified asphalt are analyzed. The high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance and water stability of WBP modified asphalt mixture are tested. The research results show that the modification of asphalt by WBP is essentially physical modification but the mixing of WBP has a certain enhancement effect on the bond energy of the methylene group, which is helpful to improve the technical performance of modified asphalt. The proportion of elastic components in asphalt can be significantly increased by adding WBP, thus enhancing the deformation resistance of asphalt under high-temperature conditions. The dynamic shear modulus of 10% waste battery powder is about 1.5–2.0 times that of 0% waste battery powder. The mixing of WBP reduces the proportion of viscous components in asphalt which is unfavorable to the crack resistance under low temperatures. The greater the amount of WBP, the smaller the fracture energy density, the content of WBP is 6% and 10%, the fracture energy density is about 60–80% and 40–60% of the original asphalt, and the low temperature cracking resistance of asphalt decreases. The modification effect of WBP on asphalt is much lower than that of SBS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opta seasonal sum total statistics for 1,533 professional football players representing 88 nations around the world were analysed in order to determine where the most proficient technical football players originate from. A series of Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted and results revealed that South American players were significantly better at scoring the first goal (p = .044), scoring penalties (p = .034) and attempting shots (p = .018) than their European counterparts. Both European and South American players were revealed to be more adept at passing actions than their African, Asian or North American counterparts. Both South American and African players committed significantly more errors than their European, Asian or North American counterparts, with South American players more frequently apprehended by the referee than Asian players (p = .031), European players (p = .020) and North American players (p = .034). African players were revealed to be caught offside (p = .039) as well as have more unsuccessful ball touches (p = .001) and be dispossessed (p = .036) significantly more often than European players. It is concluded that a player’s geographical origin can impact their technical proficiency in football and this theme needs further investigation.

High feed price is a major problem in the production of beef cattle. Therefore, this study aims to determine coconut coir's technical and economic potential for beef cattle feed. This is an in vivo and in vitro study that involved 95 days trial period and 16 male Brahman crossbreed cattle weighing 134±12.1 kg. The coconut coir was fermented using buffalo rumen liquid and was termed fermented coconut coir (FCC). A randomized block design was used in this research, including four feed treatments, namely complete feed D1 using 15% FCC, D2 using 20% FCC, D3 using 25% FCC and D4 using 30% FCC. The parameters observed were technical performance (protein, dry and organic matter intake), ruminal fermentability, purine derivatives and economic performance. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test for posthoc multiple comparisons. The results showed that the intake of beef cattle feed D1, D2 and D3 was higher than D4. Furthermore, the digestibility of D1, D2 and D4 was higher than D3. The purine derivatives of D2 were the highest but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from D1 and D4. In addition, the ruminal fermentability was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among treatments. Moreover, the beef cattle feed on D2 had the best economic performance. The performance results showed that ruminal fermentability, purine derivatives and economic performance of D2 (20% FCC) gave the best results but were not statistically different (P > 0.05) from other variables. Conclusively, coconut coir can be used as beef cattle feed without causing health problems.

A water distribution network in an urban area in Muscat region (the capital city of Oman) is assessed for operational performance using the widely accepted methodology proposed by the International Water Association (IWA). The technical performance of this network was assessed using global performance index methods after modifying the performance levels as per local guidelines. A total of 37 operational performance indicators for the network were selected to carry out assessment. Overall operational performance showed high scores whereas some indicators showed unacceptable performance values. The network showed very high technical performance considering nodal pressures. The lower performance for pipe velocity may be attributed to the fact that the network is currently being utilized by 70% of the population for which it was designed. The residual chlorine levels were within the acceptable range of the Public Authority for Water (PAW), showing a very good performance by virtue of water quality. This study will be useful for decision makers to assess the operational, technical and water quality performance of urban networks and take actions for improvements. HIGHLIGHTS A detailed assessment of an urban water supply network in Arabian Peninsula.; Application of IWA performance indicators in an arid region.; Synthesis of operational and technical performances of an urban water distribution system.; Developing new penalty functions using local water distribution guidelines.;

Copyright of Journal of Capital Institute of Physical Education is the property of Shoudu Tiyu Xueyuan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To compare the short-term outcomes, surgery burden, and technical performance of robotic total gastrectomy (RTG) and laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for gastric cancer (GC). Summary of Background Data: The impact of robotic systems on total gastrectomy remains obscure. Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with advanced proximal GC underwent RTG combined with spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymphadenectomy between March 2018 and February 2020. Patients who underwent LTG in the FUGES-002, http://links.lww.com/SLA/C929 study were enrolled to compare the outcomes between RTG and LTG. Results: After propensity score matching, 48 patients in the RTG group and 96 patients in the LTG group were included in the analysis. The RTG group had a lower volume of intraoperative blood loss than the LTG group (38.7 vs 66.4 mL, P = 0.042). Significantly more extraperigastric lymph nodes were retrieved in the RTG group than in the LTG group (20.2 vs 17.5, P = 0.039). The average number of errors was lower in the RTG group than in the LTG group (43.2 vs 53.8 times/case, P < 0.001). The RTG group had a higher technical skill score (30.2 vs 28.4, P < 0.001) and a lower surgery task load index (33.2 vs 39.8, P < 0.001) than the LTG group. No significant difference was found in terms of postoperative morbidity between the 2 groups (14.6% vs 16.7%, P = 0.748). Conclusions: In complex total gastrectomy for GC, compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery provides a technically superior operative environment and reduces surgeon workload at high-volume specialized institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the impact of the meteorological factors air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed on teams' technical performance during the Union of European Football Associations Champions League (UCL). Technical match statistics were collected for five seasons (2016/2017-2020/2021). Thirty-one technical actions and events were categorized into three groups (goal scoring, offense, and defence). Meteorological data were collected from the official UEFA website (air temperature (°C): 11.59 ± 6.87, relative humidity (%): 71.40 ± 17.82, wind speed (km/h): 11.52 ± 7.02). LASSO regression analysis was employed to identify important indicators that affect match outcomes, while separate Poisson regression models were used in generalized linear modelling to determine the effects of meteorological factors on key technical performance indicators. The results revealed that offensive variables were instrumental in distinguishing match outcomes (winning, drawing, and losing), with meteorological factors significantly influencing these variables. Notably, "shot from counter attack" was the most significantly affected variable, being exclusively influenced by air temperature (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.98). Two technical indicators, "dribbles won" and "shots from the 6-yard box," were both significantly influenced by two meteorological factors. "Cards per foul," an understudied variable, displayed a close association with all the three meteorological factors. These findings offer valuable insights for coaches and analysts in comprehending the influence of meteorological conditions on crucial technical variables during the performance evaluation of teams. Moreover, they provide valuable information to help coaches devise appropriate tactics for players before or during a match, considering the potential changes in meteorological conditions., Competing Interests: The authors declared no conflict of interest., (Copyright © Institute of Sport – National Research Instutite.)