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Background Subjects seeking facial rejuvenation want the results to appear natural. Currently, however, there is no consensus definition of, or assessment scale for, “naturalness.” Aims This open‐label pilot study explored evaluation techniques and criteria to assess naturalness of facial movement and expression following optimal bilateral correction of moderate‐to‐severe nasolabial folds and marionette lines with soft‐tissue hyaluronic acid fillers formulated with XpresHAn Technology™. Methods Primary efficacy was investigator assessed naturalness of dynamic expressions using baseline and Day 42 posttreatment 2D video. Other evaluations included investigator assessed naturalness using static images, wrinkle severity, investigator and subject Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale assessments, and subject satisfaction. Results Thirty Caucasian females (41‐65 years) received either Restylane ® Refyne, Restylane ® Defyne or both. Naturalness of dynamic expressions was at least maintained in all subjects. Naturalness of static expressions was not negatively affected in most subjects (96.7%). For dynamic expressions, 83.3% of subjects showed enhanced attractiveness, younger appearance and maintained naturalness. Conclusions Overall, nasolabial folds and marionette lines improved significantly based on severity and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores, with high subject satisfaction and favorable safety profile. Based on subject satisfaction and investigator assessments, using highly flexible hyaluronic acid dermal fillers did not compromise naturalness of lower facial expressions while achieving the desired improvements in attractiveness and youthfulness. The preliminary results obtained in this pilot study suggest that dynamic and static assessments of facial animation may aid the evaluation of natural outcomes in facial rejuvenation procedures.

Background: Objective dynamic assessments are central to the evaluation of facial rejuvenation treatments. This study used three-dimensional digital stereophotogrammetry to generate a quantitative dynamic assessment of facial strain and hyaluronic acid filler efficacy. Methods: Thirty women (aged 41 to 65 years) with moderate to severe bilateral nasolabial folds and marionette lines received Restylane Refyne, Restylane Defyne, or both, and were compared to a “younger” untreated group (n = 20; aged 25 to 35 years). Three-dimensional videos were collected at baseline and at day 42. Dynamic strain was analyzed at the marionette lines and nasolabial folds as subjects went from a neutral position through a series of facial expressions. Results: Baseline nasolabial folds and marionette lines showed statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in the level of stretch between younger and older untreated subjects, with higher stretch profiles observed in the older cohort. In the older cohort, filler treatment reduced peak strain (stretch) in the nasolabial folds and marionette lines compared with baseline across all tested expressions, resembling the youthful strain profile of the younger untreated control group. Treatment was well tolerated. Conclusions: Quantitative dynamic strain analysis is an innovative method for evaluating the dynamic face following dermal fillers and provides objective evidence that such treatment results in stretch levels resembling a younger phenotype in areas prone to the effects of facial aging. The strain reduction following filler treatment objectively conveys a dermal tightening effect, likely secondary to the volumization of treated areas. Additional studies will refine the technology and associated procedures to optimize quantitative dynamic strain analysis for treatment planning and patient outcome optimization. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

The threat of biocontamination in an animal facility is best subdued by training. 'Training' is an ambiguous designation that may not be adequately appreciated in all animal facilities. The authors set down concrete training topics and provide practical advice on incorporating the basic principles of facility biosafety training--as well as the precautions and procedures that employees must know in case of accident or emergency--into various training models. They also discuss the current biosafety publications and guidelines and their relationship to biosafety training.