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Objectives: to understand families' behaviors and eating practices in the face of childhood obesity., Methods: a qualitative study, which used the Grounded Theory as a methodological framework and the Complexity Theory as a theoretical framework. Twenty-six informants participated in the study, who were part of two sample groups. Data were collected through intensive interviews, using a semi-structured script., Results: "The family system seeking to change eating behavior patterns in the face of childhood obesity" emerged as a central concept, relating three conceptual categories: "Recognizing its behavior patterns and eating practices"; "Reorganizing in the face of childhood obesity"; "Responding to change"., Final Considerations: the family influences children's eating behavior and contributes to changes that occur in it, which highlights the relevance of the family approach in childhood obesity care, raising reflection on the current nursing practice together with families who experience the same problem.

Objectives: to identify the relation between family management and socioeconomic situation of children and adolescents with neurological disorders., Methods: a descriptive and correlational study with 141 family members who answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic and family management information. Data collection took place between May and September 2016 in a pediatric neurology center. A descriptive and analytical analysis was carried out with the use of statistical tests in order to assess the relation of the variables researched., Results: a higher early childhood disease time was related with higher scores of management difficulty. There was relation between the highest family income and management skills and the lowest scores of family difficulty. The highest schooling level of mothers was associated with the lowest scores of disease impact view and family difficulty., Conclusions: family members with unfavorable socioeconomic situation had more difficulty with family management.

There is accumulating evidence that substance P released from peripheral sensory neurons participates in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In this study it was investigated the ability of substance P to induce orofacial nociception and thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, as well as the role of NK1 receptors on models of orofacial inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Substance P injected into the upper lip at 1, 10 and 100 μg/50 μL failed to induce nociceptive behavior. Also, substance P (0.1-10 μg/50 μL) injected into the upper lip did not evoke orofacial cold hyperalgesia and when injected at 1 μg/50 μL did not induce mechanical hyperalgesia. However, substance P at this latter dose induced orofacial heat hyperalgesia, which was reduced by the pre-treatment of rats with a non-peptide NK1 receptor antagonist (SR140333B, 3mg/kg). Systemic treatment with SR140333B (3 mg/kg) also reduced carrageenan-induced heat hyperalgesia, but did not exert any influence on carrageenan-induced cold hyperalgesia. Blockade of NK1 receptors with SR140333B also reduced by about 50% both phases of the formalin response evaluated in the orofacial region. Moreover, heat, but not cold or mechanical, hyperalgesia induced by constriction of the infraorbital nerve, a model of trigeminal neuropathic pain, was abolished by pretreatment with SR140333B. Considering that substance P was peripherally injected (i.e. upper lip) and the NK1 antagonist used lacks the ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier, our results demonstrate that the peripheral SP/NK1 system participates in the heat hyperalgesia associated with inflammation or nerve injury and in the persistent pain evoked by formalin in the orofacial region., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)