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4. Fusion reaction Ca 48 + Bk 249 leading to formation of the element Ts (Z=117)

Author

Khuyagbaatar J., Yakushev A., Dullmann Ch. E., Ackermann D., Andersson L. -L., Asai M., Block M., Boll R. A., Brand H., Cox D. M., Dasgupta M., Derkx X., Di Nitto A., Eberhardt K., Even J., Evers M., Fahlander C., Forsberg U., Gates J. M., Gharibyan N., Golubev P., Gregorich K. E., Hamilton J. H., Hartmann W., Herzberg R. -D., Hessberger F. P., Hinde D. J., Hoffmann J., Hollinger R., Hubner A., Jager E., Kindler B., Kratz J. V., Krier J., Kurz N., Laatiaoui M., Lahiri S., Lang R., Lommel B., Maiti M., Miernik K., Minami S., Mistry A., Mokry C., Nitsche H., Omtvedt J. P., Pang G. K., Papadakis P., Renisch D., Roberto J., Rudolph D., Runke J., Rykaczewski K. P., Sarmiento L. G., Schadel M., Schausten B., Semchenkov A., Shaughnessy D. A., Steinegger P., Steiner J., Tereshatov E. E., Thorle-Pospiech P., Tinschert K., Torres De Heidenreich T., Trautmann N., Turler A., Uusitalo J., Ward D. E., Wegrzecki M., Wiehl N., Van Cleve S. M., Yakusheva V., Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Dullmann, Ch. E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L. -L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, C., Forsberg, U., Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, P., Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R. -D., Hessberger, F. P., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hubner, A., Jager, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, L. G., Schadel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thorle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Turler, A., Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., and Yakusheva, V.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The heaviest currently known nuclei, which have up to 118 protons, have been produced in Ca48 induced reactions with actinide targets. Among them, the element tennessine (Ts), which has 117 protons, has been synthesized by fusing Ca48 with the radioactive target Bk249, which has a half-life of 327 d. The experiment was performed at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA. Two long and two short α decay chains were observed. The long chains were attributed to the decay of Ts294. The possible origin of the short-decay chains is discussed in comparison with the known experimental data. They are found to fit with the decay chain patterns attributed to Ts293. The present experimental results confirm the previous findings at the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator on the decay chains originating from the nuclei assigned to Ts.

Published
2019

8. Search for elements 119 and 120

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., primary, Yakushev, A., additional, Düllmann, Ch. E., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Andersson, L.-L., additional, Asai, M., additional, Block, M., additional, Boll, R. A., additional, Brand, H., additional, Cox, D. M., additional, Dasgupta, M., additional, Derkx, X., additional, Di Nitto, A., additional, Eberhardt, K., additional, Even, J., additional, Evers, M., additional, Fahlander, C., additional, Forsberg, U., additional, Gates, J. M., additional, Gharibyan, N., additional, Golubev, P., additional, Gregorich, K. E., additional, Hamilton, J. H., additional, Hartmann, W., additional, Herzberg, R.-D., additional, Heßberger, F. P., additional, Hinde, D. J., additional, Hoffmann, J., additional, Hollinger, R., additional, Hübner, A., additional, Jäger, E., additional, Kindler, B., additional, Kratz, J. V., additional, Krier, J., additional, Kurz, N., additional, Laatiaoui, M., additional, Lahiri, S., additional, Lang, R., additional, Lommel, B., additional, Maiti, M., additional, Miernik, K., additional, Minami, S., additional, Mistry, A. K., additional, Mokry, C., additional, Nitsche, H., additional, Omtvedt, J. P., additional, Pang, G. K., additional, Papadakis, P., additional, Renisch, D., additional, Roberto, J. B., additional, Rudolph, D., additional, Runke, J., additional, Rykaczewski, K. P., additional, Sarmiento, L. G., additional, Schädel, M., additional, Schausten, B., additional, Semchenkov, A., additional, Shaughnessy, D. A., additional, Steinegger, P., additional, Steiner, J., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, Thörle-Pospiech, P., additional, Tinschert, K., additional, Torres De Heidenreich, T., additional, Trautmann, N., additional, Türler, A., additional, Uusitalo, J., additional, Wegrzecki, M., additional, Wiehl, N., additional, Van Cleve, S. M., additional, and Yakusheva, V., additional

Published
2020
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9. Chemical characterization of element 112

Author

Eichler, R., Aksenov, N. V., Belozerov, A. V., Bozhikov, G. A., Chepigin, V. I., Dmitriev, S. N., Dressler, R., Gaggeler, H. W., Gorshkov, V. A., Haenssler, F., Itkis, M. G., Laube, A., Lebedev, V. Ya., Malyshev, O. N., Oganessian, Yu. Ts., Petrushkin, O. V., Piguet, D., Rasmussen, P., Shishkin, S. V., Shutov, A. V., Svirikhin, A. I., Tereshatov, E. E., Vostokin, G. K., Wegrzecki, M., and Yeremin, A. V.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): R. Eichler (corresponding author) [1, 2]; N. V. Aksenov [3]; A. V. Belozerov [3]; G. A. Bozhikov [3]; V. I. Chepigin [3]; S. N. Dmitriev [3]; R. Dressler [1]; [...]

Published
2007
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13. 117番元素Ts合成のための48Ca+249Bk融合反応

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Düllmann, Ch E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L. L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, C., Forsberg, U., Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, P., Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R. D., Heßberger, F. P., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, L. G., Schädel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Türler, A., Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., and Yakusheva, V.

Subjects
gas-filled separator, superheavy elements, element 117 (Ts), alpha decay, Subatomic Physics, Nuclear Theory, low and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions, ydinfysiikka, Nuclear Experiment, nuclear structure and decays
Abstract

We have performed an experiment to synthesize the element 117 (Ts) with the $^{48}$Ca+$^{249}$Bk fusion reaction. Four $\alpha$-decay chains attributed to the element 117 were observed. Two of them were long decay chains which can be assigned to the one originating from the $\alpha$ decay of $^{294}$Ts. The other two were short decay chains which are consistent with the one originating from the $\alpha$ decay of $^{293}$Ts. We have compared the present results with the literature data, and found that our present results mostly confirmed the literature data, leading to the firm confirmation of the synthesis of the element 117., $^{48}$Ca+$^{249}$B融合反応を用いて117番元素(Ts)合成実験を行い、117番元素に起因すると思われる4つの$\alpha$崩壊連鎖を観測した。うち2つは長い崩壊連鎖で、$^{294}$Tsの$\alpha$崩壊に起因するものと同定された。他の2つは短い崩壊連鎖で、$^{293}$Tsの$\alpha$崩壊に起因すると考えると矛盾しない。今回の結果と過去の文献値を比較したところ、今回の我々の結果は過去の文献値をほぼ再現し、117番元素合成の事実を強く再確認する結果となった。

Published
2019

14. Fusion reaction Ca48+Bk249 leading to formation of the element Ts ( Z=117 )

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., primary, Yakushev, A., additional, Düllmann, Ch. E., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Andersson, L.-L., additional, Asai, M., additional, Block, M., additional, Boll, R. A., additional, Brand, H., additional, Cox, D. M., additional, Dasgupta, M., additional, Derkx, X., additional, Di Nitto, A., additional, Eberhardt, K., additional, Even, J., additional, Evers, M., additional, Fahlander, C., additional, Forsberg, U., additional, Gates, J. M., additional, Gharibyan, N., additional, Golubev, P., additional, Gregorich, K. E., additional, Hamilton, J. H., additional, Hartmann, W., additional, Herzberg, R.-D., additional, Heßberger, F. P., additional, Hinde, D. J., additional, Hoffmann, J., additional, Hollinger, R., additional, Hübner, A., additional, Jäger, E., additional, Kindler, B., additional, Kratz, J. V., additional, Krier, J., additional, Kurz, N., additional, Laatiaoui, M., additional, Lahiri, S., additional, Lang, R., additional, Lommel, B., additional, Maiti, M., additional, Miernik, K., additional, Minami, S., additional, Mistry, A., additional, Mokry, C., additional, Nitsche, H., additional, Omtvedt, J. P., additional, Pang, G. K., additional, Papadakis, P., additional, Renisch, D., additional, Roberto, J., additional, Rudolph, D., additional, Runke, J., additional, Rykaczewski, K. P., additional, Sarmiento, L. G., additional, Schädel, M., additional, Schausten, B., additional, Semchenkov, A., additional, Shaughnessy, D. A., additional, Steinegger, P., additional, Steiner, J., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, Thörle-Pospiech, P., additional, Tinschert, K., additional, Torres De Heidenreich, T., additional, Trautmann, N., additional, Türler, A., additional, Uusitalo, J., additional, Ward, D. E., additional, Wegrzecki, M., additional, Wiehl, N., additional, Van Cleve, S. M., additional, and Yakusheva, V., additional

Published
2019
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15. Ca 48 + Bk 249 fusion reaction leading to element Z=117: Long-lived α -decaying Db 270 and discovery of Lr 266

Author

Khuyagbaatar J., Yakushev A., Dullmann Ch. E., Ackermann D., Andersson L. -L., Asai M., Block M., Boll R. A., Brand H., Cox D. M., Dasgupta M., Derkx X., Di Nitto A., Eberhardt K., Even J., Evers M., Fahlander C., Forsberg U., Gates J. M., Gharibyan N., Golubev P., Gregorich K. E., Hamilton J. H., Hartmann W., Herzberg R. -D., Hessberger F. P., Hinde D. J., Hoffmann J., Hollinger R., Hubner A., Jager E., Kindler B., Kratz J. V., Krier J., Kurz N., Laatiaoui M., Lahiri S., Lang R., Lommel B., Maiti M., Miernik K., Minami S., Mistry A., Mokry C., Nitsche H., Omtvedt J. P., Pang G. K., Papadakis P., Renisch D., Roberto J., Rudolph D., Runke J., Rykaczewski K. P., Sarmiento L. G., Schadel M., Schausten B., Semchenkov A., Shaughnessy D. A., Steinegger P., Steiner J., Tereshatov E. E., Thorle-Pospiech P., Tinschert K., Torres De Heidenreich T., Trautmann N., Turler A., Uusitalo J., Ward D. E., Wegrzecki M., Wiehl N., Van Cleve S. M., Yakusheva V., Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Dullmann, Ch. E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L. -L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, C., Forsberg, U., Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, P., Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R. -D., Hessberger, F. P., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hubner, A., Jager, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, L. G., Schadel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thorle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Turler, A., Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., and Yakusheva, V.

Abstract

The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the (48)Ca+(249)Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. Two decay chains comprising seven α decays and a spontaneous fission each were identified and are assigned to the isotope (294)117 and its decay products. A hitherto unknown α-decay branch in (270)Db (Z = 105) was observed, which populated the new isotope (266)Lr (Z = 103). The identification of the long-lived (T(1/2) = 1.0(-0.4)(+1.9) h) α-emitter (270)Db marks an important step towards the observation of even more long-lived nuclei of superheavy elements located on an "island of stability."

Published
2014

16. Adsorption interaction of astatine species with quartz and gold surfaces

Author

Serov A., Aksenov N., Bozhikov G., Eichler R., Dressler R., Lebedev V., Petrushkin O., Piguet D., Shishkin S., Tereshatov E., Tuerler A., Voegele A., Wittwer D., and Gaeggeler H. W.

Subjects
Bromine, 010405 organic chemistry, Enthalpy, Inorganic chemistry, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Redox, 0104 chemical sciences, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Sublimation (phase transition), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Astatine, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

The adsorption interaction of various astatine species with quartz and gold surfaces was investigated by gas chromatography methods. Due to variations of the redox potential of the carrier gas elemental astatine, astatine oxide and hypo-astatic acid have been produced. The identification of the astatine compounds is based on the analogy assumption to the gas phase chemistry of the closest homologues in group 17 of the periodic table, iodine and bromine. The deposition temperatures as well as enthalpies of adsorption have been determined for the astatine species. The enhancement of the metallic character within group 17 towards higher Z is clearly confirmed. Macroscopic properties (sublimation enthalpy) of previously unstudied AtO2 and HAtO were estimated. The determined data for elemental astatine were compared to available literature data. Based on the obtained experimental results possible designs of experiments for studying of chemical properties of the recently discovered element 117 can be suggested.

Published
2011

17. 48Ca+249Bk Fusion Reaction Leading to Element Z=117: Long-Lived α-Decaying 270Db and Discovery of 266Lr

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Düllmann, Ch. E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L.-L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, Claes, Forsberg, Ulrika, Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, Pavel, Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R.-D., Heßberger, F. P., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J., Rudolph, Dirk, Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, Luis, Schädel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Türler, A., Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., and Yakusheva, V.

Subjects
superheavy elements, element 117, Subatomic Physics, alpha-decay
Abstract

The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the (48)Ca+(249)Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. Two decay chains comprising seven α decays and a spontaneous fission each were identified and are assigned to the isotope (294)117 and its decay products. A hitherto unknown α-decay branch in (270)Db (Z = 105) was observed, which populated the new isotope (266)Lr (Z = 103). The identification of the long-lived (T(1/2) = 1.0(-0.4)(+1.9) h) α-emitter (270)Db marks an important step towards the observation of even more long-lived nuclei of superheavy elements located on an "island of stability."

Published
2014

18. 48Ca+249Bk Fusion Reaction Leading to Element Z = 117: Long-Lived alpha-Decaying 270Db and Discovery of 266Lr

Author

Hübner, A., Yakusheva, V., Forsberg, U., Rudolph, D., Kurz, N., Ackermann, D., Tereshatov, E. E., Omtvedt, J. P., Herzberg, R.-D., Steinegger, P., Hartmann, W., Golubev, P., Tinschert, K., Runke, J., Wegrzecki, M., Eberhardt, K., Schausten, B., Block, M., Laatiaoui, M., Even, J., Asai, M., Semchenkov, A., Maiti, M., Gharibyan, N., Mistry, A., Miernik, K., Pang, G. K., Gregorich, K. E., Nitsche, H., Hoffmann, J., Düllmann, Ch. E., Steiner, J., Di Nitto, A., Khuyagbaatar, J., Trautmann, N., Krier, J., Brand, H., Derkx, X., Yakushev, A., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Jäger, E., Hamilton, J. H., Roberto, J., Van Cleve, S. M., Schädel, M., Shaughnessy, D. A., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Lahiri, S., Heßberger, F. P., Papadakis, P., Minami, S., Mokry, C., Renisch, D., Kindler, B., Hinde, D. J., Fahlander, C., Evers, M., Türler, Andreas, Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Kratz, J. V., Andersson, L.-L., Cox, D. M., Wiehl, N., Boll, R. A., Hollinger, R., Lang, R., Gates, J. M., Dasgupta, M., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, L. G., and Lommel, B.

Subjects
540 Chemistry, 570 Life sciences, biology
Published
2014
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19. Study of the $^{48}Ca + ^{249}Bk$ fusion reaction leading to element $Z = 117$: long-lived $\alpha$-decaying $^{270}Db$ and discovery of $^{266}Lr$

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Düllmann, C. E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L.-L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, C., Forsberg, U., Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, P., Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R.-D., Heßberger, F., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K., Sarmiento, L. G., Schädel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Türler, A., Uusitalo, J., Ward, D. E., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., and Yakusheva, V.

Subjects
Physics
Abstract

GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1

Published
2014

23. The Superheavy Element Search Campaigns at TASCA

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Düllmann, C. E., Nitsche, H., Roberto, J., Ackermann, D., L Andersson, L., Asai, M., Brand, H., Block, M., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Dvorak, J., Eberhardt, K., Ellison, P. A., Esker, N. E., Even, J., Evers, M., Claes Fahlander, Ulrika Forsberg, Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Gregorich, K. E., Pavel Golubev, Gothe, O., Hamilton, J. H., Hinde, D. J., Willi Hartmann, D Herzberg, R., Fritz-Peter Hessberger, Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Jeppsson, J., Kindler, B., Klein, S., Kojouharov, I., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Lahiri, S., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A., Mokry, C., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Pysmenetska, I., Renisch, D., Dirk Rudolph, Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K., Luis Sarmiento, Schädel, M., Schausten, B., Shaughnessy, D. A., Semchenkov, A., Steiner, J., Steinegger, P., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Tereshatov, E. E., Torres Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Türler, A., Uusitalo, J., Daniel Ward, Wiehl, N., Wegrzecki, M., and Yakusheva, V.

Published
2013

26. Gas phase chemical studies of superheavy elements using the Dubna gas-filled recoil separator – Stopping range determination

Author

Wittwer, D., Abdullin, F. S., Aksenov, N. V., Albin, Y. V., Bozhikov, G. A., Dmitriev, S. N., Dressler, R., Eichler, R., Gäggeler, H. W., Henderson, R. A., Hübener, S., Kenneally, J. M., Lebedev, V. Y., Lobanov, Y. V., Moody, K. J., Oganessian, Y. T., Petrushkin, O. V., Polyakov, A. N., Piguet, D., Rasmussen, P., Sagaidak, R. N., Serov, A., Shirokovsky, I. V., Shaughnessy, D. A., Shishkin, S. V., Sukhov, A. M., Stoyer, M. A., Stoyer, N. J., Tereshatov, E. E., Tsyganov, Y. S., Utyonkov, V. K., Vostokin, G. K., Wegrzecki, M., and Wilk, P. A.

Abstract

Currently, gas phase chemistry experiments with heaviest elements are usually performed with the gasjet technique with the disadvantage that all reaction products are collected in a gas-filled thermalisation chamber adjacent to the target. The incorporation of a physical preseparation device between target and collection chamber opens up the perspective to perform new chemical studies. But this approach requires detailed knowledge of the stopping force (STF) of the heaviest elements in various materials. Measurements of the energy loss of mercury (Hg), radon (Rn), and nobelium (No) in Mylar and argon (Ar) were performed at low kinetic energies of around (40–270) keV per nucleon. The experimentally obtained values were compared with STF calculations of the commonly used program for calculating stopping and ranges of ions in matter (SRIM). Using the obtained data points an extrapolation of the STF up to element 114, eka-lead, in the same stopping media was carried out. These estimations were applied to design and to perform a first chemical experiment with a superheavy element behind a physical preseparator using the nuclear fusion reaction 244Pu(48Ca; 3n)289114. One decay chain assigned to an atom of 285112, the adecay product of 289114, was observed.

Published
2010

27. Indication for a volatile element 114

Author

Eichler, R., Aksenov, N. V., Albin, Yu. V., Belozerov, A. V., Bozhikov, G. A., Chepigin, V. I., Dmitriev, S. N., Dressler, R., Gäggeler, H. W., Gorshkov, V. A., Henderson, G.S., Johnsen, A. M., Kenneally, J. M., Lebedev, V. Ya., Malyshev, O. N., Moody, K. J., Oganessian, Yu. Ts., Petrushkin, O. V., Piguet, D., Popeko, A. G., Rasmussen, P., Serov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Shishkin, S. V., Shutov, A. V., Stoyer, M. A., Stoyer, N. J., Svirikhin, A. I., Tereshatov, E. E., Vostokin, G. K., Wegrzecki, M., Wilk, P. A., Wittwer, D., and Yeremin, A. V.

Subjects
Isotope, Chemistry, Radiochemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Transactinide element, Metal, Flerovium, Chemical physics, visual_art, 540 Chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Nuclear fusion, 570 Life sciences, biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Microscopic theory, Relativistic quantum chemistry, Volatility (chemistry)
Abstract

Summary. Recently, the chemical investigation of element112 revealed a highly volatile, noble metallic behaviour, asexpected for the last group 12 member of the periodic table.The observed volatility and chemical inertness were ascribedto the growing influence of relativistic effects on the chemicalproperties of the heaviest elements with increasing nuclearcharge. Here, we report for the first time on gas phase chem-ical experiments aiming at a determination of element 114properties. This element was investigated using its isotopes 287 114 and 288 114 produced in the nuclear fusion reactions of 48 Ca with 242 Pu and 244 Pu, respectively. Identification of threeatoms of element 114 in thermochromatography experimentsand their deposition pattern on a gold surface indicates thatthis element is at least as volatile as simultaneously investi-gated elements Hg, At, and element 112. This behaviour israther unexpected for a typical metal of group 14. 1. Introduction The enhanced nuclear stability around the closed nuclearshells predicted by microscopic theory [1–3] motivated anextensive experimental quest for elements with

Published
2010

28. Ca48+Bk249Fusion Reaction Leading to ElementZ=117: Long-Livedα-DecayingDb270and Discovery ofLr266

Author

Khuyagbaatar, J., primary, Yakushev, A., additional, Düllmann, Ch. E., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Andersson, L.-L., additional, Asai, M., additional, Block, M., additional, Boll, R. A., additional, Brand, H., additional, Cox, D. M., additional, Dasgupta, M., additional, Derkx, X., additional, Di Nitto, A., additional, Eberhardt, K., additional, Even, J., additional, Evers, M., additional, Fahlander, C., additional, Forsberg, U., additional, Gates, J. M., additional, Gharibyan, N., additional, Golubev, P., additional, Gregorich, K. E., additional, Hamilton, J. H., additional, Hartmann, W., additional, Herzberg, R.-D., additional, Heßberger, F. P., additional, Hinde, D. J., additional, Hoffmann, J., additional, Hollinger, R., additional, Hübner, A., additional, Jäger, E., additional, Kindler, B., additional, Kratz, J. V., additional, Krier, J., additional, Kurz, N., additional, Laatiaoui, M., additional, Lahiri, S., additional, Lang, R., additional, Lommel, B., additional, Maiti, M., additional, Miernik, K., additional, Minami, S., additional, Mistry, A., additional, Mokry, C., additional, Nitsche, H., additional, Omtvedt, J. P., additional, Pang, G. K., additional, Papadakis, P., additional, Renisch, D., additional, Roberto, J., additional, Rudolph, D., additional, Runke, J., additional, Rykaczewski, K. P., additional, Sarmiento, L. G., additional, Schädel, M., additional, Schausten, B., additional, Semchenkov, A., additional, Shaughnessy, D. A., additional, Steinegger, P., additional, Steiner, J., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, Thörle-Pospiech, P., additional, Tinschert, K., additional, Torres De Heidenreich, T., additional, Trautmann, N., additional, Türler, A., additional, Uusitalo, J., additional, Ward, D. E., additional, Wegrzecki, M., additional, Wiehl, N., additional, Van Cleve, S. M., additional, and Yakusheva, V., additional

Published
2014
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32. Attempt to produce the isotopes of element 108 in the fusion reactionXe136+Xe136

Author

Oganessian, Yu. Ts., primary, Dmitriev, S. N., additional, Yeremin, A. V., additional, Aksenov, N. V., additional, Bozhikov, G. A., additional, Chepigin, V. I., additional, Chelnokov, M. L., additional, Lebedev, V. Ya., additional, Malyshev, O. N., additional, Petrushkin, O. V., additional, Shishkin, S. V., additional, Svirikhin, A. I., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, and Vostokin, G. K., additional

Published
2009
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34. Separation of group five elements by reversed-phase chromatography

Author

Wilk, P. A., primary, Landrum, J. H., additional, Shaughnessy, D. A., additional, Kenneally, J. M., additional, Stoyer, N. J., additional, Stoyer, M. A., additional, Moody, K. J., additional, Aksenov, N. V., additional, Bozhikov, G. A., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, Vostokin, G. K., additional, Shishkin, S. V., additional, and Dmitriev, S. N., additional

Published
2007
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35. Radiochemical Separation of Zr and Hf by Cation Exchange Chromatography in HCl/HF Solutions: A Model System for the Chemical Identification and Study of Rf

Author

Aksenov, N. V., primary, Bozhikov, G. A., additional, Tereshatov, E. E., additional, Vostokin, G. K., additional, Shishkin, S. V., additional, Dmitriev, S. N., additional, Bruchertseifer, H., additional, Gäggeler, H. W., additional, Penionzhkevich, Yu. E., additional, and Cherepanov, E. A., additional

Published
2007
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36. Radiochemical Separation of Group 5 Elements. Model Experiments for Investigation of Dubnium Chemical Behaviour

Author

Tereshatov, E. E., primary, Bruchertseifer, H., additional, Bozhikov, G. A., additional, Aksenov, N. V., additional, Starodub, G. Ya., additional, Vostokin, G. K., additional, Shishkin, S. V., additional, Dmitriev, S. N., additional, Gäggeler, H. W., additional, Penionzhkevich, Yu. E., additional, and Cherepanov, E. A., additional

Published
2007
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37. A simple and quick method for the preparation of radionuclide 87Y/87mSr generator using the natRb(α,xn)87Y reaction.

Author

Aksenov, N. V., Bruchertseifer, H., Starodub, G. Ya., Vostokin, G. K., Tereshatov, E. E., Bozhikov, G. A., Shishkin, S. V., and Dmitriev, S. N.

Subjects
RADIATION sources, ALKALI metals, RADIONUCLIDE generators, RADIOISOTOPES, RUBIDIUM
Abstract

A rapid method for the preparation of 87Y/87mSr radionuclide generator from a rubidium chloride target irradiated with 35 MeV α-particles is described. A simple two-step procedure is used to obtain a carrier-free 87mSr isotope with a high enough radiochemical yield and high purity in the final aqueous fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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38. Hot fusion-evaporation cross sections of 44Ca-induced reactions with lanthanide targets.

Author

Werke, T. A., Mayorov, D. A., Alfonso, M. C., Tereshatov, E. E., and Folden III, C. M.

Subjects
*RARE earth metals, *EVAPORATION (Chemistry), *NEUTRONS, *CYCLOTRONS, *NEUTRON emission
Abstract

Background: Previously reported cross sections of 45Sc-induced reactions with lanthanide targets are much smaller than 48Ca-induced reactions on the same targets. 44Ca is one proton removed from 45Sc and could be used to produce nuclei with a relative neutron content between those produced in the 45Sc -- and 48Ca-induced reactions. Purpose: As part of a systematic investigation of fusion-evaporation reactions, cross sections of 44Ca-induced reactions on lanthanide targets were measured. These results are compared to available data for 48Ca- and 45Sc-induced fusion-evaporation cross sections on the same lanthanide targets. Collectively, these data provide insight into the importance of the survival against fission of excited compound nuclei produced near spherical shell closures. Methods: A beam of 44Ca6+ at an energy of ≈ 5 MeV/u was delivered by the K500 superconducting cyclotron at the Cyclotron Institute at Texas A&M University. The desired evaporation residues were selected by the Momentum Achromat Recoil Spectrometer and identified via their characteristic α-decay energies. Excitation functions for the 44Ca + 158Gd, 159Tb, and 162Dy reactions were measured at five or more energies each. A theoretical model was employed to study the fusion-evaporation process. Results: The 44Ca-induced reactions have xn cross sections that are two orders of magnitude larger than 45Sc-induced reactions but two orders of magnitude smaller than 48Ca-induced reactions on the same targets. Proton emission competes effectively with neutron emission for the 44Ca + 159Tb and 162Dy reactions. The maximum 4n cross sections in the 44Ca + 158Gd, 159Tb, and 152Dy reactions were 2100 ± 230, 230 ± 20, and 130 ± 20 µb, respectively. The 44Ca + 158Gd and 159Tb cross sections are in good agreement with the respective cross bombardments of 48Ca + 154Gd and 45Sc + 158Gd once differences in capture cross sections and compound nucleus formation probabilities are corrected for. Conclusions: Excitation functions were measured in 44Ca-induced reactions on lanthanide targets. Evaporation residue cross sections were two orders of magnitude larger than 45Sc-induced reactions on the same targets due to an increase in the survival probability of the compound nucleus. However, little evidence of cross-sectional enhancement due to shell stabilization of the compound nucleus was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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39. Evaporation residue excitation function measurements in 50Ti- and 54Cr-induced reactions with lanthanide targets.

Author

Mayorov, D. A., Werke, T. A., Alfonso, M. C., Tereshatov, E. E., Bennett, M. E., Frey, M. M., and Folden III, C. M.

Subjects
*EVAPORATION (Chemistry), *RARE earth metals, *NUCLEAR excitation, *CROSS-sectional method, *NUCLEAR fission
Abstract

Cross sections for the production of shell-stabilized evaporation residues in the 50Ti + 160Gd, 159Tb, 162Dy, and 54Cr + 162Dy reactions are reported. The compound nucleus excitation energy range considered principally covers the 4n evaporation channel with segments of the 3n and 5n channels also measured. The resultant production cross sections are for nuclides with Z=86-90. From an analysis based on a statistical model, it is concluded that a larger fission probability than that predicted by the Bohr-Wheeler transition-state theory is needed to describe the data. This outcome is attributed to the influence of collective nuclear excitations. Subsequently, the expected stability enhancement against fission due to the influence of the magic N=126 shell is not evident. The xn excitation functions measured in previous experiments in the reactions 48Ca + 154Gd, 159Tb, 162Dy, and 165Ho are combined with the present data for Z > 20 projectiles to illustrate systematic behavior of measured cross sections as a function of the difference in fission barrier and neutron separation energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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40. Hot fusion-evaporation cross sections of 45Sc-induced reactions with lanthanide targets.

Author

Werke, T. A., Mayorov, D. A., Alfonso, M. C., Bennett, M. E., DeVanzo, M. J., Frey, M. M., Tereshatov, E. E., and Folden III, C. M.

Subjects
*RARE earth metals, *SUPERHEAVY elements, *NUCLEAR fission, *NUCLEAR excitation, *SUPERCONDUCTORS
Abstract

Background: 45Sc has rarely been studied as a projectile in fusion-evaporation reactions. The synthesis of new superheavy elements with Z>118 will require projectiles with Z>20, and 45Sc could potentially be used for this purpose. Purpose: Cross sections were measured for the xn and pxn exit channels in the reactions of 45Sc with lanthanide targets for comparison to previous measurements of 48Ca reacting with similar targets. These data provide insight on the survival of spherical, shell-stabilized nuclei against fission, and could have implications for the discovery of new superheavy elements. Methods: Beams of 45Sc6+ were delivered from the K500 superconducting cyclotron at Texas A&M University with an energy of ≈5MeV/nucleon. Products were purified using the Momentum Achromat Recoil Spectrometer, and excitation functions were measured for reactions of 45Sc+156-158,160Gd, 159Tb, and 162Dy at five or more energies each. Evaporation residues were identified by their characteristic α-decay energies. Experimental data were compared to a simple theoretical model to study each step in the fusion-evaporation process. Results: The maximum measured 4n cross sections for the reactions 45Sc+156-158,160Gd, 159Tb, and 162Dy are 5.8±1.7, 25±5, 39±7, 150±20, 2.4+2.3-1.4, and 1.8±0.6μb, respectively. Proton emission competes effectively with neutron emission from the excited compound nucleus in most cases. The α,αn, and α2n products were also observed in the 45Sc+Dy162 reaction. Conclusions: Excitation functions were reported for 45Sc-induced reactions on lanthanide targets for the first time, and these cross sections are much smaller than for 48Ca-induced reactions on the same targets. The relative neutron-deficiency of the compound nuclei leads to significantly increased fissility and large reductions in the survival probability. Little evidence for improved production cross sections due to shell-stabilization was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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41. Search for elements 119 and 120

Author

Michael Block, Mahananda Dasgupta, S. Minami, Susanta Lahiri, M. Wegrzecki, N. Kurz, Rose A. Boll, Andreas Türler, J. V. Kratz, R-D Herzberg, Daniel Cox, James B. Roberto, Claes Fahlander, Jadambaa Khuyagbaatar, Dirk Rudolph, K. P. Rykaczewski, A. Hübner, G. K. Pang, K. Miernik, N. Gharibyan, B. Schausten, J. Hoffmann, L.-L. Andersson, Bettina Lommel, Luis Sarmiento, U. Forsberg, Matthias Schädel, J. H. Hamilton, Juha Uusitalo, Kenneth E. Gregorich, Heino Nitsche, H. Brand, Julia Even, Moumita Maiti, J. M. Gates, David Hinde, Philippos Papadakis, M. Laatiaoui, Norbert Wiehl, Klaus Eberhardt, W. Hartmann, J. Runke, D. A. Shaughnessy, Dieter Ackermann, Petra Thörle-Pospiech, K. Tinschert, R. Lang, C. Mokry, Birgit Kindler, Jon Petter Omtvedt, Ch. E. Düllmann, S. M. Van Cleve, J. Steiner, D. Renisch, A. K. Mistry, M. Asai, Maurits Evers, Alexander Yakushev, Patrick Steinegger, A. Semchenkov, Pavel Golubev, V. Yakusheva, X. Derkx, Evgeny E. Tereshatov, J. Krier, Norbert Trautmann, T. Torres De Heidenreich, A. Di Nitto, F. P. Heßberger, R. Hollinger, Egon Jäger, Khuyagbaatar, J., Yakushev, A., Düllmann, Ch. E., Ackermann, D., Andersson, L. -L., Asai, M., Block, M., Boll, R. A., Brand, H., Cox, D. M., Dasgupta, M., Derkx, X., Di Nitto, A., Eberhardt, K., Even, J., Evers, M., Fahlander, C., Forsberg, U., Gates, J. M., Gharibyan, N., Golubev, P., Gregorich, K. E., Hamilton, J. H., Hartmann, W., Herzberg, R. -D., Heßberger, F. P., Hinde, D. J., Hoffmann, J., Hollinger, R., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Kindler, B., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lahiri, S., Lang, R., Lommel, B., Maiti, M., Miernik, K., Minami, S., Mistry, A. K., Mokry, C., Nitsche, H., Omtvedt, J. P., Pang, G. K., Papadakis, P., Renisch, D., Roberto, J. B., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Rykaczewski, K. P., Sarmiento, L. G., Schädel, M., Schausten, B., Semchenkov, A., Shaughnessy, D. A., Steinegger, P., Steiner, J., Tereshatov, E. E., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Tinschert, K., Torres De Heidenreich, T., Trautmann, N., Türler, A., Uusitalo, J., Wegrzecki, M., Wiehl, N., Van Cleve, S. M., Yakusheva, V., and Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G

Subjects
Physics, element 119, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, element 120, Superheavy Elements, 01 natural sciences, Island of stability, Recoil separator, Nuclear physics, superheavy elements, Production cross section, Subatomic Physics, 0103 physical sciences, 540 Chemistry, 570 Life sciences, biology, low and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions, Atomic number, Irradiation, Sensitivity (control systems), ydinfysiikka, 010306 general physics, Beam energy
Abstract

A search for production of the superheavy elements with atomic numbers 119 and 120 was performed in the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf fusion-evaporation reactions, respectively, at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. Over four months of irradiation, the 249Bk target partially decayed into 249Cf, which allowed for a simultaneous search for both elements. Neither was detected at cross-section sensitivity levels of 65 and 200 fb for the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf reactions, respectively, at a midtarget beam energy of Elab=281.5 MeV. The nonobservation of elements 119 and 120 is discussed within the concept of fusion-evaporation reactions including various theoretical predictions on the fission-barrier heights of superheavy nuclei in the region of the island of stability. peerReviewed

Published
2020

42. 48Ca+249Bk fusion reaction leading to element Z = 117: long-lived α-decaying 270Db and discovery of 266Lr.

Author

Khuyagbaatar J, Yakushev A, Düllmann ChE, Ackermann D, Andersson LL, Asai M, Block M, Boll RA, Brand H, Cox DM, Dasgupta M, Derkx X, Di Nitto A, Eberhardt K, Even J, Evers M, Fahlander C, Forsberg U, Gates JM, Gharibyan N, Golubev P, Gregorich KE, Hamilton JH, Hartmann W, Herzberg RD, Heßberger FP, Hinde DJ, Hoffmann J, Hollinger R, Hübner A, Jäger E, Kindler B, Kratz JV, Krier J, Kurz N, Laatiaoui M, Lahiri S, Lang R, Lommel B, Maiti M, Miernik K, Minami S, Mistry A, Mokry C, Nitsche H, Omtvedt JP, Pang GK, Papadakis P, Renisch D, Roberto J, Rudolph D, Runke J, Rykaczewski KP, Sarmiento LG, Schädel M, Schausten B, Semchenkov A, Shaughnessy DA, Steinegger P, Steiner J, Tereshatov EE, Thörle-Pospiech P, Tinschert K, Torres De Heidenreich T, Trautmann N, Türler A, Uusitalo J, Ward DE, Wegrzecki M, Wiehl N, Van Cleve SM, and Yakusheva V

Abstract

The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the (48)Ca+(249)Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. Two decay chains comprising seven α decays and a spontaneous fission each were identified and are assigned to the isotope (294)117 and its decay products. A hitherto unknown α-decay branch in (270)Db (Z = 105) was observed, which populated the new isotope (266)Lr (Z = 103). The identification of the long-lived (T(1/2) = 1.0(-0.4)(+1.9) h) α-emitter (270)Db marks an important step towards the observation of even more long-lived nuclei of superheavy elements located on an "island of stability."

Published
2014
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